EP1290400A1 - Wound body for use as an ammunition shell - Google Patents

Wound body for use as an ammunition shell

Info

Publication number
EP1290400A1
EP1290400A1 EP01933960A EP01933960A EP1290400A1 EP 1290400 A1 EP1290400 A1 EP 1290400A1 EP 01933960 A EP01933960 A EP 01933960A EP 01933960 A EP01933960 A EP 01933960A EP 1290400 A1 EP1290400 A1 EP 1290400A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
threads
sleeve
winding body
sleeve according
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01933960A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1290400B1 (en
Inventor
Erich Muskat
Heinz Riess
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWS GmbH
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG, Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Publication of EP1290400A1 publication Critical patent/EP1290400A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1290400B1 publication Critical patent/EP1290400B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/188—Manufacturing processes therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/192—Cartridge cases characterised by the material of the casing wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sleeve for ammunition, the wall of the sleeve consisting of a combustible or consumable winding body.
  • the sleeve for ammunition is known from DE 198 49 824 A1, the wall consisting of a combustible or consumable winding body with at least one double layer of crossing threads.
  • the threads are deposited unevenly over the length of the winding body.
  • the winding density that is, the number of times the thread or threads are deposited over the length of the winding body, is matched to the actual and possible loads and to the desired burning behavior. For example, the higher the pressure load on a sleeve in an area, the greater the number of thread deposits selected in this area.
  • Such a winding technique leads to the fact that, particularly in the areas of the sleeve in which the load is at its highest, the number of thread deposits is increased compared to the remaining part of the sleeve wall.
  • an increased number of thread deposits also necessarily increases the thickness of the tube wall.
  • the wall thickness must be reduced. If it is advantageous when large wall thickness to use a yarn having a low tensile strength but a good Verbrennbarkei 't or ensured edibility, for example viscose, wherein a reduction in the wall thickness and the consequent rise in pressure and temperature loads with the in Usually threads used to achieve the required mechanical strength of the sleeves.
  • the winding body of the sleeve consists of man-made fibers, preferably synthetic man-made fibers such as polyamides and polyesters, and of the inorganic man-made fibers such as silicate fibers (glass fibers) or carbon fibers.
  • man-made fibers preferably synthetic man-made fibers such as polyamides and polyesters
  • inorganic man-made fibers such as silicate fibers (glass fibers) or carbon fibers.
  • monofilament yarns i.e. thread or filament yarns consisting of only one fiber, spun from single-hole nozzles
  • the multifilament or multifilament yarns which are spun or put together from several threads or fibers.
  • the fibers can also be connected to one another in the form of a fleece in a limited, predetermined length in a random arrangement.
  • the tensile strength of the fibers used according to the invention is significantly higher than that of the fibers of natural raw materials.
  • the tensile strength of glass fibers, measured in the fiber direction is higher than that of steel and is approximately 2500 N / mm 2 .
  • the tensile strength of carbon fibers for example, is between 1500 N / mm 2 and 3500 N / mm 2 .
  • plastic fibers aramid fibers with a tensile strength of approximately 3000 N / mm 2 are particularly suitable.
  • fabrics made from aramid fibers also have extreme impact resistance.
  • the elastic modulus of these fibers is approximately 130 x 10 3 N / mm 2 .
  • the winding body in a further embodiment of the invention, it is also possible for the winding body to be wound from a mixture of threads, each of which consists of one of the types of fibers mentioned.
  • at least two threads of different types of fibers can be placed next to one another in a position of the winding body in a parallel arrangement. This is possible both when the threads are deposited in parallel on the circumference of the winding body and when the threads are deposited in a crosswise position.
  • threads with a material with a higher tensile strength can advantageously be used for optimal coordination of the wall thickness of the winding body and its strength where the higher stresses on the sleeve also occur.
  • the winding body can also be constructed from fabric strips.
  • the winding of fabric has the advantage over the placement of individual threads that a fabric strip with a more uniform distribution of tension can be applied to the winding body than a single or several individual threads side by side.
  • a fabric which run essentially in the circumferential direction of the sleeve, have a higher tensile strength than the threads, which are arranged essentially in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve.
  • a fabric generally consists of the longitudinal warp threads and the transverse weft threads.
  • the warp threads When winding a fabric, it makes sense with regard to the stability of the fabric that the warp threads are wound around the sleeve axis and that the weft threads run essentially in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve. For the reasons listed above, it is therefore advantageous if the warp threads consist of a material which has a higher tensile strength than that of the weft threads.
  • Different types of fibers can be processed into so-called mixed or hybrid fabrics. This makes it possible to combine the different properties of the individual fibers in one component. If, for example, carbon and aramite fibers are combined in a fabric, the winding body produced therefrom, which is provided with a binder, has a lower rigidity than a winding body made of pure plastic fibers, but its impact strength is significantly increased.
  • the properties of a winding body made of fabric are further influenced by the thread density and the weave.
  • a plain weave fabric has a smaller floatation (narrower curvature) of the threads than a fabric in satin weave. Greater floatation leads to better drapability and strength of the winding body due to the better stretching of the threads.
  • the winding body can consist of at least one bearing of a nonwoven.
  • a fleece does not consist of threads but of individual fibers of a certain length, which are usually oriented irregularly in the fleece.
  • a fleece has a much lower strength than a fabric, however, by selecting the fibers appropriately and arranging them in the fleece, it can be given such strength that it is suitable for a winding process.
  • a fleece has the advantage that it can hold a much larger volume of liquid substances than a fabric. This makes it possible to use a fleece to introduce substances into the winding body which, for example, generate propellant gases in addition to the charge when they are burned.
  • the strength and the cohesion of the winding body are essentially produced by the binders, which are either added to the threads, the fabric or the nonwoven in a known manner before winding or with which the winding body is impregnated after its completion.
  • An explosive can also be added to the binder in a known manner, so that the burn-up or consumption of the winding tube is accelerated and additional propellant gases are provided for the projectile. It is already known that the porosity of the thread layers, of a fabric, influences the burning or consumption of a wound sleeve.
  • Figure 1 is a plain weave a) in supervision b) in section
  • Figure 2 is a twill weave a) in supervision b) in section
  • Figure 3 is a satin weave a) in plan view b) in section
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a mixed fabric
  • Figure 5 shows an example of a hybrid fabric
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a sleeve, the winding body has been wound from layers of nonwoven.
  • a view of a fabric 1 in plain weave is shown in FIG. 1 in view a).
  • the top view of the differently colored warp and weft threads shows the typical checkerboard pattern of a plain weave.
  • the threads 2 drawn in dark and the threads 3 shown in light alternate in terms of their binding points 4 in a continuous change.
  • Pores 5 remain between the individual threads, which can be filled with binders or optionally binders with the addition of explosives. However, they can also be used as air pores to provide the combustion air required for the combustion.
  • the section through the fabric 1 shown in FIG. 1 b) shows the typical course of the thread with the strong curvature, floatation, and the threads caused by the binding.
  • FIG. 2 a shows the top view of a fabric 10 in a so-called twill weave. This type of weave has a diagonal course of the weave points 4 of the threads 3 and 4.
  • the section through the fabric 10 shown in FIG. 2 b) shows that the floatation, the curvature of the threads, is wider and the threads thus have a greater stretch.
  • the threads have an even greater stretch in the fabric 20 shown in FIG. 3 with an atlas weave.
  • An atlas weave is created by regularly distributing the warp threads up and down over the entire weave repeat so that they do not touch at any point. This creates a smooth fabric surface. For this, at least 5 warp and weft threads are required per repeat. The repetition is the repetition unit of a certain thread crossing or the same figure for patterned textiles or wallpaper. As the top view of the fabric 20 shows, a binding point 4 is only at the intersection with every fourth thread.
  • FIG. 4 shows a mixed fabric 30 in a plain weave, for example the threads 32 running in the X direction shown are made of carbon fibers and the fibers 31 running in the Y direction are made of glass fibers.
  • a so-called hybrid fabric 40 is shown in FIG.
  • the threads of different fibers alternate with each other in both the X and Y directions.
  • a thread made of carbon fiber 42 next to each thread made of aramid fiber 41 there is a thread made of carbon fiber 42.
  • FIG. 6 shows a sleeve 50, the wall 51 of which consists of three layers 52 of a nonwoven web 53 which are wound one on top of the other. This nonwoven web is wound with an angle of inclination 54 around the axis 55 in three layers 52.
  • the fleece 53 itself can be impregnated with explosives to support burning or consumption.
  • a substance can also be introduced between the already wound nonwoven layer and the nonwoven layer to be wound up when winding onto the already existing first nonwoven layer. It can additionally support the bond between the nonwoven layers 52. If appropriate, it can additionally have explosives of a different composition, such as is present in the substance with which the fleece 53 itself is impregnated.

Abstract

According to known techniques for winding an ammunition shell the number of thread layers is often reinforced as compared to the remaining part of the shell wall, especially in those zones of the shell where the load is the highest, thereby, however, inevitably increasing the thickness of the shell wall. If the space for the propelling charge in the wound shell is to be enlarged while the outer geometry of the wound shell remains the same, that is with the same space provided in the weapon for the charge, the wall thickness has to be reduced. In order to provide the shell with the same mechanical stability, despite the reduction in wall thickness, as shells whose wall thickness is not reduced, the wound body of the shell ( 50 ) is produced from chemical fibers ( 53 ), preferably from synthetic and inorganic chemical fibers.

Description

Wickelkörper als Hülse für Munition Bobbin as a sleeve for ammunition
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hülse für Munition, wobei die Wand der Hülse aus einem verbrennbaren oder verzehrbaren Wickelkörper besteht.The invention relates to a sleeve for ammunition, the wall of the sleeve consisting of a combustible or consumable winding body.
Aus der DE 198 49 824 A1 ist die Hülse für eine Munition bekannt, wobei die Wand aus einem verbrennbaren oder verzehrbaren Wickelkörper mit mindestens einer Doppellage sich kreuzender Fäden besteht. Die Ablage der Fäden über die Länge des Wickelkörpers erfolgt ungleichmäßig. Die Wickeldichte, das heißt die Anzahl, wievielmal der Faden oder die Fäden über die Länge des Wickelkörpers abgelegt werden, ist auf die tatsächlichen und möglichen Belastungen sowie auf das gewünschte Abbrandverhalten abgestimmt. Je höher beispielsweise die Druckbelastung auf eine Hülse in einem Bereich ist, desto größer wird die Anzahl der Fadenablagen in diesem Bereich gewählt.The sleeve for ammunition is known from DE 198 49 824 A1, the wall consisting of a combustible or consumable winding body with at least one double layer of crossing threads. The threads are deposited unevenly over the length of the winding body. The winding density, that is, the number of times the thread or threads are deposited over the length of the winding body, is matched to the actual and possible loads and to the desired burning behavior. For example, the higher the pressure load on a sleeve in an area, the greater the number of thread deposits selected in this area.
Eine solche Wickeltechnik führt dazu, daß insbesondere in den Bereichen der Hülse, in denen die Belastung am höchsten ist, die Anzahl der Fadenablagen gegenüber dem übrigen Teil der Hülsenwandung verstärkt wird. Eine erhöhte Anzahl von Fadenablagen erhöht aber auch zwangsläufig die Dicke der Hülsenwand.Such a winding technique leads to the fact that, particularly in the areas of the sleeve in which the load is at its highest, the number of thread deposits is increased compared to the remaining part of the sleeve wall. However, an increased number of thread deposits also necessarily increases the thickness of the tube wall.
Soll aber bei gleicher Wickelhülsenaussengeometrie, also bei gleichem Ladungsraum der Waffe, der Raum für die Treibladung in der Wickelhülse vergrößert werden, muß die Wandstärke reduziert werden. Wenn es bei dicken Wandstärken vorteilhaft ist, einen Faden zu verwenden, der eine geringe Zugfestigkeit, jedoch eine gute Verbrennbarkei't oder Verzehrbarkeit gewährleistet, beispielsweise Viskosefäden, ist bei einer Reduzierung der Wandstärke und den dadurch bedingten steigenden Druck- und Temperaturbelastungen mit den in der Regel verwendeten Fäden die geforderte mechanische Festigkeit der Hülsen nicht zu erreichen.If, however, the space for the propellant charge in the winding tube is to be enlarged with the same outer tube geometry, that is to say with the same loading space of the weapon, the wall thickness must be reduced. If it is advantageous when large wall thickness to use a yarn having a low tensile strength but a good Verbrennbarkei 't or ensured edibility, for example viscose, wherein a reduction in the wall thickness and the consequent rise in pressure and temperature loads with the in Usually threads used to achieve the required mechanical strength of the sleeves.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, trotz einer dünneren Wandstärke bei gleichem Außendurchmesser die Festigkeitswerte der Hülsenwand beizubehalten. Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt mit Hilfe der kennzeichnenden Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden in den Unteransprüchen beansprucht.It is therefore an object of the present invention to maintain the strength values of the sleeve wall despite a thinner wall thickness with the same outer diameter. The problem is solved with the aid of the characterizing features of the first claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are claimed in the subclaims.
Erfindungsgemäß besteht der Wickelkörper der Hülse aus Chemiefasern, vorzugsweise synthetischen Chemiefasern wie Polyamide und Polyester, und aus den anorganischen Chemiefasern wie Silikatfasern (Glasfasern) oder Kohlefasern. Bei den aus Chemiefasern hergestellten Garnen kann man unterscheiden zwischen den monofilen Garnen, d.h. einfädigen oder nur aus einer Faser bestehenden, aus Einlochdüsen ersponnen Filamentgarnen, und den multi- oder polyfilen Garnen, die aus mehreren Fäden bzw. Fasern gesponnen oder zusammengelegt werden. Die Fasern können auch in einer begrenzten, vorgegebenen Länge in regelloser Anordnung miteinander in Form eines Vlieses miteinander verbunden werden.According to the invention, the winding body of the sleeve consists of man-made fibers, preferably synthetic man-made fibers such as polyamides and polyesters, and of the inorganic man-made fibers such as silicate fibers (glass fibers) or carbon fibers. In the case of yarns made from man-made fibers, a distinction can be made between monofilament yarns, i.e. thread or filament yarns consisting of only one fiber, spun from single-hole nozzles, and the multifilament or multifilament yarns, which are spun or put together from several threads or fibers. The fibers can also be connected to one another in the form of a fleece in a limited, predetermined length in a random arrangement.
Die Zugfestigkeit der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Fasern liegt wesentlich höher als die der Fasern natürlicher Rohstoffe. Beispielsweise ist die Zugfestigkeit von Glasfasern, in Faserrichtung gemessen, höher als die von Stahl und liegt bei etwa 2500 N/mm2. Die Zugfestigkeit von Kohlenstoffasern beispielsweise liegt zwischen 1500 N/mm2 und 3500 N/mm2. Von den Kunststoffasern sind insbesondere Aramidfasem mit einer Zugfestigkeit von etwa 3000 N/mm2 geeignet. Gewebe aus Aramidfasem besitzen neben einem hohen Elastizitätsmodul auch eine extreme Schlagzähigkeit. Der Elastizitätsmodul dieser Fasern liegt bei etwa 130 x 103 N/mm2.The tensile strength of the fibers used according to the invention is significantly higher than that of the fibers of natural raw materials. For example, the tensile strength of glass fibers, measured in the fiber direction, is higher than that of steel and is approximately 2500 N / mm 2 . The tensile strength of carbon fibers, for example, is between 1500 N / mm 2 and 3500 N / mm 2 . Of the plastic fibers, aramid fibers with a tensile strength of approximately 3000 N / mm 2 are particularly suitable. In addition to a high modulus of elasticity, fabrics made from aramid fibers also have extreme impact resistance. The elastic modulus of these fibers is approximately 130 x 10 3 N / mm 2 .
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es auch möglich, daß der Wickelkörper aus einer Mischung von Fäden gewickelt wird, die jeweils aus einer der genannten Faserarten besteht. Dabei können mindestens zwei Fäden unterschiedlicher Faserarten in paralleler Anordnung nebeneinander in einer Lage des Wickelkörpers abgelegt werden. Dieses ist sowohl bei einer Parallelablage der Fäden auf dem Umfang des Wickelkörpers als auch bei der Ablage der Fäden in Kreuzlage möglich. Dadurch können zur optimalen Abstimmung der Wandstärke des Wickelkörpers und seiner Festigkeit Fäden mit einem Werkstoff mit einer höheren Zugfestigkeit vorteilhaft da eingesetzt werden, wo auch die höheren Beanspruchungen an der Hülse auftreten. Statt aus einzelnen gewickelten Fäden kann der Wickelkörper auch aus Gewebestreifen aufgebaut sein. Das hat den Vorteil, daß sich das Wickeln der Hülsenwand noch einfacher gestaltet. Außerdem besteht keine Gefahr, daß dann, wenn ein Faden reißt, wie sonst an der Rißstelle einzelner Fäden eine Schwachstelle innerhalb der Hülsenwand auftritt. Weiterhin ist der Wickelvorgang schneller abgeschlossen. Das Wickeln von Gewebe hat gegenüber der Ablage von Einzelfäden weiterhin den Vorteil, daß ein Gewebestreifen mit einer gleichmäßigeren Verteilung der Spannung auf den Wickelkörper aufgebracht werden kann als ein einzelner oder mehrere einzelne Fäden nebeneinander.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is also possible for the winding body to be wound from a mixture of threads, each of which consists of one of the types of fibers mentioned. In this case, at least two threads of different types of fibers can be placed next to one another in a position of the winding body in a parallel arrangement. This is possible both when the threads are deposited in parallel on the circumference of the winding body and when the threads are deposited in a crosswise position. As a result, threads with a material with a higher tensile strength can advantageously be used for optimal coordination of the wall thickness of the winding body and its strength where the higher stresses on the sleeve also occur. Instead of individual wound threads, the winding body can also be constructed from fabric strips. This has the advantage that the winding of the sleeve wall is made even easier. In addition, there is no danger that if a thread breaks, a weak point occurs within the sleeve wall, as is otherwise the case at the tear point of individual threads. Furthermore, the winding process is completed faster. The winding of fabric has the advantage over the placement of individual threads that a fabric strip with a more uniform distribution of tension can be applied to the winding body than a single or several individual threads side by side.
Weil bei einem herrschenden Druck in einem Zylinder die auf dem Umfang des Zylinders tangential wirkenden Kräfte größer sind als die Kräfte, die in Längsrichtung an der Zylinderwand angreifen, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Fäden eines Gewebes, die im wesentlichen in Umfangsrichtung der Hülse verlaufen, eine höhere Zugfestigkeit aufweisen als die Fäden, die im wesentlichen in Längsrichtung der Hülse angeordnet sind. Bekannterweise besteht ein Gewebe in der Regel aus den längsverlaufenden Kettfäden und den querverlaufenden Schußfäden. Beim Wickeln eines Gewebes ist es in Bezug auf die Stabilität des Gewebes sinnvoll, daß die Kettfäden um die Hülsenachse gewickelt werden und daß die Schußfäden im wesentlichen in Längsrichtung der Hülse verlaufen. Aus den oben aufgeführten Gründen ist es deshalb vorteilhaft, wenn die Kettfäden aus einem Werkstoff bestehen, der eine höhere Zugfestigkeit aufweist als der der Schußfäden.Because with a prevailing pressure in a cylinder, the forces acting tangentially on the circumference of the cylinder are greater than the forces which act on the cylinder wall in the longitudinal direction, it is advantageous if the threads of a fabric which run essentially in the circumferential direction of the sleeve, have a higher tensile strength than the threads, which are arranged essentially in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve. As is known, a fabric generally consists of the longitudinal warp threads and the transverse weft threads. When winding a fabric, it makes sense with regard to the stability of the fabric that the warp threads are wound around the sleeve axis and that the weft threads run essentially in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve. For the reasons listed above, it is therefore advantageous if the warp threads consist of a material which has a higher tensile strength than that of the weft threads.
Verschiedene Faserarten lassen sich zu sogenannten Misch- oder Hybridgeweben verarbeiten. So ist es möglich, die unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften der einzelnen Fasern in einem Bauteil zu kombinieren. Werden beispielsweise Kohlenstoff- und Aramitfasern in einem Gewebe kombiniert, hat der daraus hergestellte, mit einem Bindemittel versehene Wickelkörper zwar eine geringere Steifigkeit als ein aus reinem Kunststoffasem hergestellter Wickelkörper, seine Schlagzähigkeit ist jedoch wesentlich erhöht.Different types of fibers can be processed into so-called mixed or hybrid fabrics. This makes it possible to combine the different properties of the individual fibers in one component. If, for example, carbon and aramite fibers are combined in a fabric, the winding body produced therefrom, which is provided with a binder, has a lower rigidity than a winding body made of pure plastic fibers, but its impact strength is significantly increased.
Die Eigenschaften eines Wickelkörpers aus Gewebe werden weiterhin durch die Fadendichte und die Gewebebindung beeinflusst. Ein Gewebe in Leinwandbindung weist eine kleinere Flottierung (engere Krümmung) der Fäden auf als ein Gewebe in Atlasbindung. Eine größere Flottierung führt durch die bessere Streckung der Fäden zu einer besseren Drapierbarkeit und Festigkeit des Wickelkörpers.The properties of a winding body made of fabric are further influenced by the thread density and the weave. A plain weave fabric has a smaller floatation (narrower curvature) of the threads than a fabric in satin weave. Greater floatation leads to better drapability and strength of the winding body due to the better stretching of the threads.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann der Wickelkörper aus mindestens einer Lager eines Vlieses bestehen. Ein Vlies besteht nicht aus Fäden sondern aus einzelnen Fasern einer bestimmten Länge, die in der Regel unregelmäßig in dem Vlies orientiert sind. Ein Vlies hat eine wesentlich geringere Festigkeit als ein Gewebe, allerdings kann durch eine entsprechende Wahl der Fasern und deren Anordnung im Vlies diesem eine solche Festigkeit gegeben werden, daß es sich für einen Wickelvorgang eignet. Gegenüber einem Gewebe hat ein Vlies den Vorteil, daß es ein wesentlich größeres Volumen an flüssigen Stoffen aufnehmen kann als ein Gewebe. Dadurch ist es möglich, mittels eines Vlieses Stoffe in den Wickelkörper einzubringen, die beispielsweise bei ihrer Verbrennung zusätzlich zur Ladung Treibgase erzeugen.In a further embodiment of the invention, the winding body can consist of at least one bearing of a nonwoven. A fleece does not consist of threads but of individual fibers of a certain length, which are usually oriented irregularly in the fleece. A fleece has a much lower strength than a fabric, however, by selecting the fibers appropriately and arranging them in the fleece, it can be given such strength that it is suitable for a winding process. Compared to a fabric, a fleece has the advantage that it can hold a much larger volume of liquid substances than a fabric. This makes it possible to use a fleece to introduce substances into the winding body which, for example, generate propellant gases in addition to the charge when they are burned.
Die Festigkeit und der Zusammenhalt des Wickelkörpers wird im wesentlichen durch die Bindemittel erzeugt, die in bekannter Weise entweder vor dem Wickeln den Fäden, dem Gewebe oder dem Vlies zugegeben werden oder mit dem der Wickelkörper nach seiner Fertigstellung getränkt wird. Dem Bindemittel kann auch in bekannter Weise eine Explosivstoff beigemischt sein, so daß der Abbrand oder das Verzehren der Wickelhülse beschleunigt wird und zusätzliche Treibgase für das Geschoß bereitgestellt werden. Das die Porosität der Fadenlagen, eines Gewebes Einfluß auf das Verbrennen bzw. Verzehren einer gewickelten Hülse habt, ist bereits bekannt.The strength and the cohesion of the winding body are essentially produced by the binders, which are either added to the threads, the fabric or the nonwoven in a known manner before winding or with which the winding body is impregnated after its completion. An explosive can also be added to the binder in a known manner, so that the burn-up or consumption of the winding tube is accelerated and additional propellant gases are provided for the projectile. It is already known that the porosity of the thread layers, of a fabric, influences the burning or consumption of a wound sleeve.
Während es bei einem durch das Wickeln von Fäden hergestellten Wickelkörper oder bei einem Gewebe Zwischenräume zwischen den Fäden gibt, die man als Poren bezeichnen kann, sind bei einem Vlies Poren in einer solchen offensichtlichen Form nicht zu erkennen. Ausrichtung der Fasern, ihre Länge sowie die Kräuselung sind Kriterien, die die Dichte eines Vlieses bestimmen und damit seine Aufnahmefähigkeit für Füllstoffe. Da das Vlies in dem Sinne keine offenen Poren besitzt, eignet es sich besonders dafür, nicht nur flüssige Stoffe aufzusaugen, sondern auch während des Wickelvorgangs Stoffe zu fixieren, die zwischen eine bereits gewickelte und die aufzuwickelnde Lage Vlies in den Wickelspalt eingebracht werden. Es ist dabei nicht erforderlich, daß diese Stoffe dabei in flüssiger Form aufgebracht werden. Ihre Konsistenz muß nur so beschaffen sein, daß sie beim Einwickelvorgang zwischen den beiden Vlieslagen fixierbar sind.While there are gaps between the threads in a winding body produced by the winding of threads or in a fabric, which can be referred to as pores, pores in such an obvious form cannot be seen in a nonwoven. Alignment of the fibers, their length and the crimp are criteria that determine the density of a nonwoven and thus its absorption capacity for fillers. Since the fleece in this sense has no open pores, it is particularly suitable not only for absorbing liquid substances, but also for fixing substances during the winding process that are introduced into the winding gap between a layer of fleece that has already been wound and that is to be wound up. It is not necessary that these substances are applied in liquid form. Their consistency only has to be such that they can be fixed between the two nonwoven layers during the wrapping process.
Anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Erfindung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments.
Als Beispiel für Gewebebindungen zeigen:As an example of fabric weave show:
Figur 1 eine Leinwandbindung a) in der Aufsicht b) im SchnittFigure 1 is a plain weave a) in supervision b) in section
Figur 2 eine Köperbindung a) in der Aufsicht b) im SchnittFigure 2 is a twill weave a) in supervision b) in section
Figur 3 eine Atlasbindung a) in der Aufsicht b) im SchnittFigure 3 is a satin weave a) in plan view b) in section
Figur 4 ein Beispiel für ein Mischgewebe,FIG. 4 shows an example of a mixed fabric,
Figur 5 ein Beispiel für ein Hybridgewebe undFigure 5 shows an example of a hybrid fabric and
Figur 6 ein Beispiel für eine Hülse, deren Wickelkörper aus Lagen von Vlies gewickelt worden ist. In Figur 1 ist in der Ansicht a) eine Aufsicht auf ein Gewebe 1 in Leinwandbindung dargestellt. Die Aufsicht auf die unterschiedlich gefärbten Kett- und Schußfäden zeigt das typische Schachbrettmuster einer Leinwandbindung. Die dunkel eingezeichneten Fäden 2 sowie die hell dargestellten Fäden 3 wechseln sich hinsichtlich ihrer Bindungspunkte 4 im kontinuierlichen Wechsel ab. Zwischen den einzelnen Fäden verbleiben Poren 5, welche mit Bindemittel oder gegebenenfalls Bindemitteln mit dem Zusatz von Explosivstoffen gefüllt werden können. Sie können allerdings auch als Luftporen genutzt werden, um für die Verbrennung erforderliche Verbrennungsluft zur Verfügung zu stellen.Figure 6 shows an example of a sleeve, the winding body has been wound from layers of nonwoven. A view of a fabric 1 in plain weave is shown in FIG. 1 in view a). The top view of the differently colored warp and weft threads shows the typical checkerboard pattern of a plain weave. The threads 2 drawn in dark and the threads 3 shown in light alternate in terms of their binding points 4 in a continuous change. Pores 5 remain between the individual threads, which can be filled with binders or optionally binders with the addition of explosives. However, they can also be used as air pores to provide the combustion air required for the combustion.
Der in Figur 1 b) dargestellte Schnitt durch das Gewebe 1 zeigt den typischen Fadenverlauf mit der bindungsbedingten starken Krümmung, Flottierung, der Fäden.The section through the fabric 1 shown in FIG. 1 b) shows the typical course of the thread with the strong curvature, floatation, and the threads caused by the binding.
In Figur 2 a) ist die Aufsicht auf ein Gewebe 10 in sogenannter Köperbindung dargestellt. Diese Bindungsart weist einen diagonalen Verlauf der Bindungspunkte 4 der Fäden 3 und 4 auf.2 a) shows the top view of a fabric 10 in a so-called twill weave. This type of weave has a diagonal course of the weave points 4 of the threads 3 and 4.
Der in der Figur 2 b) dargestellte Schnitt durch das Gewebe 10 zeigt, daß die Flottierung, die Krümmung der Fäden, weiter ist und die Fäden dadurch eine größere Streckung aufweisen.The section through the fabric 10 shown in FIG. 2 b) shows that the floatation, the curvature of the threads, is wider and the threads thus have a greater stretch.
Ein noch größere Streckung weisen die Fäden in dem in Figur 3 dargestellten Gewebe 20 mit Atlasbindung auf. Eine Atlasbindung entsteht durch regelmäßige Verteilung der Kettfaden-Hoch- und Tiefgänge über den gesamten Bindungs- Rapport, so daß sie sich an keiner Stelle berühren. Dadurch wird eine glatte Gewebeoberfläche erzielt. Hierzu sind je Rapport mindestens 5 Kett- und Schußfäden erforderlich. Als Rapport wird die Wiederholungseinheit einer bestimmten Fadenverkreuzung oder derselben Figur bei gemusterten Textilien oder Tapeten bezeichnet. Wie die Aufsicht auf das Gewebe 20 zeigt, liegt ein Bindungspunkt 4 erst bei der Kreuzung mit jedem vierten Faden.The threads have an even greater stretch in the fabric 20 shown in FIG. 3 with an atlas weave. An atlas weave is created by regularly distributing the warp threads up and down over the entire weave repeat so that they do not touch at any point. This creates a smooth fabric surface. For this, at least 5 warp and weft threads are required per repeat. The repetition is the repetition unit of a certain thread crossing or the same figure for patterned textiles or wallpaper. As the top view of the fabric 20 shows, a binding point 4 is only at the intersection with every fourth thread.
Die Figuren 4 und 5 zeigen zwei Gewebe, die mit Fäden unterschiedlicher Faserwerkstoffe gewebt sind. Figur 4 zeigt ein Mischgewebe 30 in einer Leinwandbindung, wobei beispielsweise die in der eingezeichneten X-Richtung verlaufenden Fäden 32 aus Kohlenstoffasem und die in Y-Richtung verlaufenden Fasern 31 aus Glasfasern bestehen.Figures 4 and 5 show two fabrics that are woven with threads of different fiber materials. FIG. 4 shows a mixed fabric 30 in a plain weave, for example the threads 32 running in the X direction shown are made of carbon fibers and the fibers 31 running in the Y direction are made of glass fibers.
In Figur 5 ist ein sogenanntes Hybridgewebe 40 dargestellt. Sowohl in X- als auch in Y-Richtung wechseln sich die Fäden aus unterschiedlichen Fasern untereinander ab. Somit liegt neben jedem Faden aus Aramidfasem 41 ein Faden aus Kohlenstoffasem 42.A so-called hybrid fabric 40 is shown in FIG. The threads of different fibers alternate with each other in both the X and Y directions. Thus, next to each thread made of aramid fiber 41 there is a thread made of carbon fiber 42.
Bei Mischgeweben und bei den Hybridgeweben ist es möglich, die unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften der einzelnen Fasern in einem Bauteil zu kombinieren.With mixed fabrics and hybrid fabrics, it is possible to combine the different properties of the individual fibers in one component.
In Figur 6 ist eine Hülse 50 dargestellt, deren Wand 51 aus drei übereinandergewickelten Lagen 52 einer Vliesbahn 53 besteht. Diese Vliesbahn ist mit einem Steigungswinkel 54 um die Achse 55 in drei Lagen 52 gewickelt. Das Vlies 53 selbst kann neben dem Bindemittel mit Explosivstoffen zur Unterstützung des Verbrennens oder Verzehrens getränkt sein.FIG. 6 shows a sleeve 50, the wall 51 of which consists of three layers 52 of a nonwoven web 53 which are wound one on top of the other. This nonwoven web is wound with an angle of inclination 54 around the axis 55 in three layers 52. In addition to the binding agent, the fleece 53 itself can be impregnated with explosives to support burning or consumption.
Während des Wickelvorgangs kann auch beim Aufwickeln auf die bereits bestehende erste Vlieslage ein Stoff zwischen die bereits gewickelte Vlieslage und die aufzuwickelnde Vlieslage eingebracht werden. Er kann zusätzlich die Bindung zwischen den Vlieslagen 52 unterstützen. Er kann gegebenenfalls zusätzlich Explosivstoffe einer anderen Zusammensetzung aufweisen, wie sie beispielsweise in dem Stoff vorhanden ist, mit dem das Vlies 53 selbst getränkt ist. During the winding process, a substance can also be introduced between the already wound nonwoven layer and the nonwoven layer to be wound up when winding onto the already existing first nonwoven layer. It can additionally support the bond between the nonwoven layers 52. If appropriate, it can additionally have explosives of a different composition, such as is present in the substance with which the fleece 53 itself is impregnated.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Hülse für eine Munition, wobei die Wand der Hülse aus einem verbrennbaren oder verzehrbaren Wickelkörper besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wickelkörper der Hülse aus Chemiefasern, vorzugsweise synthetischen und anorganischen Chemiefasern (2, 3; 31 , 32; 41), besteht.1. sleeve for ammunition, wherein the wall of the sleeve consists of a combustible or consumable winding body, characterized in that the winding body of the sleeve consists of chemical fibers, preferably synthetic and inorganic chemical fibers (2, 3; 31, 32; 41).
2. Hülse nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wickelkörper aus einer Mischung von Fäden (31 , 32; 41 , 42) gewickelt ist, die jeweils aus einer anderen Faserart besteht.2. Sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that the winding body is wound from a mixture of threads (31, 32; 41, 42), each consisting of a different type of fiber.
3. Hülse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden, die eine höhere Zugfestigkeit aufweisen, in Richtung der höheren Beanspruchung auf den Wickelkörper abgelegt sind.3. Sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the threads, which have a higher tensile strength, are deposited in the direction of higher stress on the winding body.
4. Hülse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens zwei Fäden unterschiedlicher Faserarten in paralleler Anordnung nebeneinander in einer Lage des Wickelkörpers abgelegt sind.4. Sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two threads of different types of fibers are placed next to one another in a position of the winding body in a parallel arrangement.
5. Hülse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wickelkörper aus Gewebestreifen (1 , 10, 20, 30, 40) besteht.5. Sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the winding body consists of fabric strips (1, 10, 20, 30, 40).
6. Hülse nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kettfäden und die Schußfäden des Gewebes (30; 40) aus Fäden (31 , 32; 41 , 42) unterschiedlicher Faserarten bestehen.6. Sleeve according to claim 5, characterized in that the warp threads and the weft threads of the fabric (30; 40) consist of threads (31, 32; 41, 42) of different types of fibers.
7. Hülse nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden (32) eines Gewebes (30), die im wesentlichen in Umfangsrichtung (x) der Hülse verlaufen, eine höhere Zugfestigkeit aufweisen als die Fäden (31), die im wesentlichen in Längsrichtung (y) der Hülse angeordnet sind. 7. Sleeve according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the threads (32) of a fabric (30) which extend substantially in the circumferential direction (x) of the sleeve have a higher tensile strength than the threads (31), which essentially are arranged in the longitudinal direction (y) of the sleeve.
8. Hülse nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gewebe (1 , 10, 20, 30, 40) unterschiedliche Fadenbindungen aufweisen.8. Sleeve according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the fabrics (1, 10, 20, 30, 40) have different thread bindings.
9. Hülse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wickelkörper (50) aus mindestens einer Lage (52) eines Vlieses (53) besteht.9. Sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the winding body (50) consists of at least one layer (52) of a fleece (53).
5 10. Hülse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden (2, 3; 31, 32; 41 , 42) oder Fasern (53) des Wickelkörpers mit einem Bindemittel getränkt sind.5 10. Sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the threads (2, 3; 31, 32; 41, 42) or fibers (53) of the winding body are soaked with a binder.
11. Hülse nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Bindemittel ein Explosivstoff beigemischt ist.11. A sleeve according to claim 10, characterized in that an explosive is added to the binder.
10 12. Hülse nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Lagen (52) des Vlieses (53) zusätzlich ein die Verbrennung steuernder Stoff (56) eingebettet ist.10 12. Sleeve according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that between the layers (52) of the fleece (53) is additionally a combustion controlling substance (56) is embedded.
13. Hülse nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zwischen den Lagen (52) des Vlieses (53) eingebettete Stoff (56) eine chemisch andere 15 Zusammensetzung aufweist als das Bindemittel bzw. die Explosivstoffe, mit denen das Vlies (53) getränkt ist. 13. A sleeve according to claim 12, characterized in that the material (56) embedded between the layers (52) of the fleece (53) has a chemically different composition than the binder or the explosives with which the fleece (53) is impregnated is.
EP01933960A 2000-05-24 2001-05-12 Wound body for use as an ammunition shell Expired - Lifetime EP1290400B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10025418 2000-05-24
DE10025418 2000-05-26
DE10038751A DE10038751A1 (en) 2000-05-26 2000-08-09 Bobbin as a sleeve for ammunition
DE10038751 2000-08-09
PCT/EP2001/005441 WO2001090681A1 (en) 2000-05-24 2001-05-12 Wound body for use as an ammunition shell

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1290400A1 true EP1290400A1 (en) 2003-03-12
EP1290400B1 EP1290400B1 (en) 2005-12-28

Family

ID=26005794

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01933960A Expired - Lifetime EP1290400B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2001-05-12 Wound body for use as an ammunition shell

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7024999B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1290400B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE314621T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10038751A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1290400T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2258083T3 (en)
IL (1) IL153015A (en)
WO (1) WO2001090681A1 (en)

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FI3643826T3 (en) * 2018-10-04 2023-03-21 Nitrochemie Gmbh Cylindrical sleeve for propellant charge powder

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10038751A1 (en) 2001-11-29
EP1290400B1 (en) 2005-12-28
US7024999B2 (en) 2006-04-11
IL153015A (en) 2008-12-29
DK1290400T3 (en) 2006-05-08
DE50108555D1 (en) 2006-02-02
US20040025736A1 (en) 2004-02-12
ES2258083T3 (en) 2006-08-16
WO2001090681A1 (en) 2001-11-29
ATE314621T1 (en) 2006-01-15
IL153015A0 (en) 2003-06-24

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