EP1290293B1 - Dispositif de nettoyage a air comprime pour piscine pourvu d'un mecanisme de guidage interne - Google Patents

Dispositif de nettoyage a air comprime pour piscine pourvu d'un mecanisme de guidage interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1290293B1
EP1290293B1 EP00937904A EP00937904A EP1290293B1 EP 1290293 B1 EP1290293 B1 EP 1290293B1 EP 00937904 A EP00937904 A EP 00937904A EP 00937904 A EP00937904 A EP 00937904A EP 1290293 B1 EP1290293 B1 EP 1290293B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
swimming pool
wheels
pressure cleaner
drive
wheel
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EP00937904A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1290293A4 (fr
EP1290293A1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter J. Rief
Manuela Rief
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Poolvergnuegen
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Poolvergnuegen
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/14—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for
    • E04H4/16—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for specially adapted for cleaning
    • E04H4/1654—Self-propelled cleaners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to swimming pool cleaners and, more particularly, to automatic swimming pool cleaners driven by the flow of water therethrough for purposes of cleaning. Still more particularly, this invention relates to swimming pool pressure cleaners (as opposed to suction-type cleaners) of the type powered by the flow of water pumped by remote pumps into and through the pool cleaners.
  • Automatic swimming pool cleaners of the type that move about the underwater surfaces of a swimming pool are driven by many different kinds of systems.
  • Some of the many kinds of water-driven automatic pool cleaners are those driven in various ways by turbines, which translate water movement into rotational motion. Wheel rotation by linkage to a turbine or other drive mechanism causes propulsion in such prior art devices.
  • pressure cleaners i.e., those pool cleaners the movement of which is motivated by the flow of water pumped to the pool cleaner from a remote pump, as opposed to the more common suction cleaners, through which water is sucked by a remote pump.
  • One problem particularly seen with respect to pressure cleaners is difficulty in obtaining reliable steering for complete coverage of the underwater surfaces of a pool. Steering of certain pressure cleaners of the prior art is typically by external means.
  • Such pool cleaner includes the pool cleaner unit itself at the end of a water-supply hose and a separate box-like control unit along the hose and spaced from the pool cleaner unit itself by a distance on the order of ten feet or so.
  • the pool cleaner unit itself is a wheeled device which includes a turbine for driving the wheels, but does not have any steering apparatus incorporated with it.
  • the box-like control unit which has a second turbine and a sequencing device, periodically shuts off the flow of water to the pool cleaner unit itself and at the same time opens up an orifice which shoots a jet of water from the control unit such that the control unit, acting through the hose, in effect drags the pool cleaner unit into a different orientation and/or position, after which the flow to the pool cleaner unit is reestablished and the jet of water from the control unit is stopped.
  • venturi jet(s) used in such prior systems are made very smallsometimes as low as about 0,3-0,4 cm (0.100-0.160 inch) in diameter -- allow development of high linear flow velocities of water from the venturi jet(s), despite the low flow volume.
  • Low flow volumes and very localized venturi effects limit pool cleaning effectiveness in such prior pool cleaners.
  • One specific result of the low flow volumes from the venturi jet(s) is that the opening for inflow of water and debris is more limited in size than is desirable. Thus, the inflow of debris and the size of the debris which can be collected are more limited than is desirable.
  • Control of the pool cleaner at best tends to be rather ineffective, resulting in ineffective coverage of the surfaces of a pool.
  • the water available to operate the principal turbine of the apparatus is reduced, and this in turn reduces the strength of travel of the pool cleaner unit and detracts from its cleaning power.
  • US-Patent No. 5,507,058 shows an apparatus for automatically cleaning submerged surfaces. This patent does not relate to any sort of pressure cleaner.
  • French Patent No. 2 685 374 shows a pool cleaner which is driven by electricity.
  • the device has no turbine and no venturi.
  • UK-Patent No. 1,459,853 discloses a pool cleaner of the pressure-cleaner type and the device includes a turbine. A venture is used only to facilitate the pick-up of debris.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner having an internal steering mechanism.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner giving excellent coverage and cleaning of underwater pool surfaces, including hard-to-reach areas.
  • Another object is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner with highly reliable self-steering.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner which has excellent traction in a variety of situations.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner able to utilize a greater portion of flow from the remote pump, and a greater portion of the power of the flow from the remote pump, to create venturi action for picking up debris.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner with larger inflow openings for water and debris and an increased venturi effect in drawing of unwanted debris into a collector.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner which can operate effectively at lower pressures than many pressure cleaners of the prior art.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner which has excellent ability to traverse pool surfaces of different types and hard-to-reach pool areas.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner which generates good driving power even when used with pool pumping systems generating low pumping pressures.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner which resists any tendency to become hung up and is capable of extracting itself from situations in which there is a lack of traction.
  • Still another object is to provide an improved water-driven swimming pool pressure cleaner with excellent speed and steering (direction-changing) capabilities.
  • This invention is an improved swimming pool pressure cleaner of the type motivated by water flow through it to move along a pool surface to be cleaned.
  • the invention including in its preferred embodiments, overcomes various problems and shortcomings of the prior art, including those referred to above.
  • the invention is a pressure cleaner for swimming pools which incorporates within itself apparatus which provides self-steering.
  • the swimming pool pressure cleaner of this invention provides many important advantages, including the following: compactness in a pressure cleaner with steering by virtue of the inclusion of steering apparatus in a single structure; excellent coverage of underwater surfaces; highly-reliable self-steering; improved take-up of debris; a larger inflow opening for debris; better utilization of water flow, for purposes of propulsion, steering and take-up of debris; effective pool cleaner operation at low pressure; excellent traction; ability to avoid and/or escape situations involving hang-up of the pool cleaner; and excellent speed and power.
  • the swimming pool pressure cleaner is a pressure cleaner of the type including a body, wheels rotatably mounted to the body, a turbine housing having a water-flow chamber formed by a chamber wall and having an inlet and an outlet, a turbine rotor rotatably mounted in the chamber and having vanes, a drive member secured to the rotor and a drive train from the drive member to drive the wheels on underwater pool surfaces, a venturi jet and a water conduit to feed water to the venturi jet from a hose.
  • the turbine inlet is supported in close proximity to the pool surface and the venturi jet is located at the turbine inlet, oriented to direct water into the turbine inlet -- to both rotate the turbine and cause water and debris to flow from the pool past the venturi jet and into the inlet, by means of venturi action.
  • the pool cleaner also includes a steering mechanism secured to the body and having a movable part which periodically interrupts the synchronous rotation of the wheels on the pool surface, thereby causing changes in the direction of pool cleaner travel.
  • the steering mechanism in the pool cleaner of this invention is sometimes referred to as "internal.”
  • the pool cleaners of this invention are compared to pressure cleaners having an additional apparatus which may be said to provide some "steering" for a pool cleaner. But such additional apparatus is separate from the pool cleaner and linked to it only by a length of flexible hose by which the additional apparatus pulls the pool cleaner unit in various directions.
  • additional apparatus is separate from the pool cleaner and linked to it only by a length of flexible hose by which the additional apparatus pulls the pool cleaner unit in various directions.
  • the steering mechanism includes: a cam having portions of greater and lesser radii which is rotatably secured to the body and driven by the rotor through reduction gearing; and linkage from the cam to a wheel to periodically interrupt synchronous rotation of the wheels on the pool surface.
  • the device of this invention includes: a body having front, rear and opposite sides; a set of two wheels rotatably mounted to the body, one on each side; a turbine housing secured to the body and having a water-flow chamber formed by a chamber wall, the chamber having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet supported in close proximity to the pool surface; a turbine rotor rotatably mounted in the chamber, the rotor having vanes; one or more venturi jets secured to the body and oriented to direct water into the inlet to rotate the turbine and cause, by virtue of the venturi action, a flow of water and debris from the pool into the inlet; one or more water conduits to transmit water from a hose to the one or more venturi jets; a drive member secured to the rotor and rotatable with the rotor; a drive train from the drive member to the wheels for synchronous rotation of the wheels on the underwater pool surfaces; a cam having portions of greater and lesser radii, the cam being rotatably secured to the body and
  • the water conduit transmitting water to the venturi jets is fed by a flexible hose which is attached in fluid-flow relation to an upstream end of the conduit hose. Water is supplied under pressure from a remote pump through the hose, through a rotatable cylindrical sleeve mount on the housing, in well-known fashion.
  • venturi jets there are a plurality of spaced venturi jets. Multiple jets improve the venturi action which draws water and debris from near the underwater surfaces of the pool into the pool cleaner -- and ultimately into a filter attached to the pool cleaner.
  • the presence of two or three venturi jets is preferred, and the spacing not only provides more venturi action but serves to provide space to facilitate flow of debris into the inlet.
  • At least one of the venturi jets is preferably oriented toward the outlet to provide an accelerated flow of water directly toward the outlet.
  • Preferred embodiments of this invention include a debris-capturing bag secured to the outlet.
  • the improved pressure cleaner of this invention provides excellent power and drive particularly when the turbine is in the highly preferred forms which are the subject of United States Patent No. 6,292,970 , entitled “Turbine-Driven Automatic swimming Pool Cleaners,” to Dieter J. Rief and Manuela Rief, the inventors herein, and Rosemarie Rief.
  • the turbine vanes have proximal ends connected to the rotor and distal ends movable with respect to the rotor between extended positions adjacent to the wall of the turbine chamber and retracted positions which are spaced from the wall and closer to the rotor.
  • the turbine vanes are pivotably mounted with respect to the rotor, and most preferably the turbine vanes are curved and have distal edges which contact the chamber wall in their extended positions, at least in certain positions about the rotor.
  • a preferred form of rotational mounting of the vanes is as follows: The rotor has an exterior surface beneath which, for each vane, there is a corresponding cavity which pivotably holds the proximal end of the vane. Enlargements at the proximal ends of the vanes are sized for free insertion into, and pivotable engagement in, the cavities within the rotor.
  • Each wheel has an inward side and an outward side depending upon how it is mounted on the pool cleaner.
  • the first wheel of the set has radially-spaced primary and secondary wheelgears on its inward side, such wheelgears facing one another, and the second wheel of the set has another primary wheelgear on its inward side, the primary wheelgears on the two wheels being similar to one another.
  • the drive train terminates at the first and second wheels in first and second drive pinions, respectively, each engaging the primary wheelgear of the respective wheel; this serves to drive the wheels in the forward direction synchronously, in contact with the underwater pool cleaner surface.
  • the wheelgears of the first wheel be concentric, and integrally formed with the first wheel itself.
  • the wheelgear of the second wheel is also preferably integrally formed with the second wheel.
  • the first and second wheels are identical, and therefore interchangeable.
  • wheelgear refers to any gear which is affixed on, or formed as part of, a swimming pool cleaner wheel which contacts the surface of the pool to propel the pool cleaner.
  • wheelgears referred to herein are the aforementioned primary and secondary gears and, as will be seen below, gears referred to as "final” wheelgears.
  • the drive member is a drive gear and the drive train includes first and second drive shafts which are journaled with respect to the body and which have proximal and distal ends.
  • the first and second drive pinions mentioned above, are driven by the first and second drive shafts, respectively, and the drive train is a gear train from the drive gear to the first and second drive shafts.
  • the first and second drive shafts form the first and second drive pinions, respectively, at their distal ends.
  • the drive train preferably includes a coupler with opposite ends receiving the proximal ends of the first and second drive shafts.
  • the proximal end of the first drive shaft is a ball joint which allows the first drive shaft to be pivoted off-axis. This allows the distal end of the first drive shaft to be moved fore and aft between a driving position in which the first drive pinion engages the primary wheelgear of the first wheel and a steering position in which it engages the secondary wheelgear of the first wheel.
  • This movement from engagement with a wheelgear in the form of a ring gear (with inwardly-facing teeth) to engagement with a wheelgear having outwardly-facing teeth, causes the first wheel to change its direction of rotation -- i.e., to rotate in a direction opposite that of the second wheel. This interrupts the synchronous rotation of the wheels on the pool surface, and causes turning of the pool cleaner.
  • the rotatable cam (a timing cam) mentioned above serves to provide steering of the pool cleaner; in one way or another it causes interruption of synchronous rotation of the first and second wheels on the pool surfaces.
  • the linkage from the cam to the first wheel includes a shift bracket assembly which is slidably held by the body in a position such that the first drive shaft is journaled in it, thereby to allow movement of the distal end of the first drive shaft between driving and steering positions, by movement of the shift bracket assembly.
  • the cam wheel engages the shift bracket and a spring biases the shift bracket toward the cam wheel, such that the cam wheel, acting through the shift bracket assembly, provides the fore-and-aft movement by alternately (a) holding the distal end of the first drive shaft in the driving position and (b) allowing the distal end of the first drive shaft to move to the steering position by virtue of the action of the spring.
  • the rotatable cam can interrupt synchronous rotation of the first and second wheels on the pool surfaces in other ways.
  • One example of other forms of interruption involves a temporary lifting of one wheel from the surface of the pool when a cam portion of larger radius (larger than most of such cam) engages the pool surface and props one side of the pool cleaner away from the pool surface.
  • a cam portion of larger radius larger than most of such cam
  • the first and second wheels may continue to turn synchronously, they will not be turning synchronously on the pool surface; synchronous rotation on the pool surface is restored when the cam is no longer lifting one side of the pool cleaner.
  • the wheels have treads with a multiplicity of outwardly extending radial fingers. It is most preferred that a small subset of the radial fingers (extending along a very small sector of the wheel) project radially farther than the other fingers. With this embodiment, if the pool cleaner for any reason is hung up on some obstruction or pool surface feature, the longer treads, when they come around, tend to provide traction for dislodgement purposes.
  • Certain highly preferred embodiments include a second set of wheels, once again including one wheel on each side of the pool cleaner.
  • the wheels of the second set are preferably aft of the wheels of the first-mentioned set.
  • Each of the wheels of the second set has what is being called a "final" wheelgear on its outward side.
  • there is an extended drive train for each of the wheels of the second set and each such extended drive train includes a transfer shaft journaled with respect to the body, a first transfer pinion engaged with one of the primary wheelgears, and a second transfer pinion engaged with one of the final wheelgears.
  • These extended drive trains serve to impart rotation to the wheels of the second set, having transferred rotational movement from the wheels of the first wheel set.
  • each transfer shaft itself forms the first and second transfer pinions at the opposite ends thereof.
  • all wheels including those having "final” wheelgears on them, have wheelgears integrally formed with the wheel.
  • all four wheels or whatever number there are greater than two are identical so that they can be completely interchangeable.
  • the preferred four-wheel-drive pressure cleaner for swimming pools is among the subjects of PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US00/14771 , entitled “Four-Wheel-Drive Automatic swimming Pool Cleaner,” for an invention of Dieter J. Rief and Manuela Rief, the inventors herein.
  • the aforementioned water inlet faces the surface of the pool and the device includes a skirt secured with respect to the body and extending toward the pool surface such that the skirt and the body, together with the pool surface, form a plenum from which water and debris are drawn into the inlet.
  • the skirt is formed of at least one flap member which has upper and lower articulating portions, the upper articulating portion having a proximal edge hinged to the body and a lower edge hinged to the lower articulating portion.
  • the skirt is segmented in that it is formed of a plurality of the articulated flap members in side-by-side arrangement, each having upper and lower articulating portions.
  • Such skirt which is the subject of commonly-owned copending United States Patent No. 6,131,227 , entitled “Suction-Regulating Skirt for Automated swimming Pool Cleaner Heads,” to Dieter J. Rief, an inventor herein, and Hans Raines Schlitzer, facilitates relative enclosure of the plenum despite encountered irregularities in the pool surface immediately under the pool cleaner.
  • the skirt minimizes the openness between the pool cleaner body and the underwater surface of the pool, and this causes a speed-up in the linear flow of water immediately along the underwater surface of the pool, at positions under the pool cleaner.
  • Such speed-up of linear flow improves the ability of the pool cleaner to ingest debris along with water, so that the debris tends to move easily into the turbine chamber, and from there through the outlet and into a bag or other collector.
  • FIGURES 1-9 illustrate a preferred swimming pool pressure cleaner cleaner 20 in accordance with this invention.
  • Pool cleaner 20 has four identical drive wheels marked by numeral 22, including left front drive wheel 22a, right front drive wheel 22b, and left and right rear drive wheels 22c and 22d. All four drive wheels are driven to provide forward movement of pool cleaner 20.
  • Rear drive wheels 22c and 22d are driven by separate linkages from front wheels 22a and 22b, respectively.
  • Left front drive wheel 22a which is normally driven in a forward direction, is periodically temporarily driven in a reverse direction.
  • left rear drive wheel 22c is also driven in a reverse direction by virtue of the linkage between drive wheels 22a and 22c.
  • This steering function together with the power provided by four-wheel drive of this invention, provides excellent cleaning coverage of underwater pool surfaces 54.
  • Pool cleaner 20 includes a body 24 preferably formed of two or more plastic pieces designed to accommodate the parts and features of the invention.
  • Front drive wheels 22a and 22b are rotatably mounted to body 24 on wheel shafts 26, as shown in FIGURE 6 . Attached to body 24 are rear wheel supports 28, and rear wheels 22c and 22d are rotatably mounted thereon by wheel shafts 30.
  • Front wheels 22a and 22b have gearing (hereafter described) on their inward surfaces, i.e., the surfaces facing each other.
  • Rear wheels 22c and 22d have the same gearing on their outward surfaces.
  • Drive wheels 22a-d are identical to each other, and thus are interchangeable.
  • the gearing on wheels 22a-d includes concentric radially-spaced primary and secondary wheelgears 32 and 34.
  • Primary and secondary wheelgears 32 and 34 are radially spaced from one another by a distance in excess of the diameter of a pinion gear (hereafter described) which alternately engages such gears on drive wheel 22a. While all wheels are interchangeable, only drive wheel 22a uses both wheelgears; on drive wheels 22b-d, only wheelgear 32 is used.
  • Pool cleaner 20 has a turbine which uses pressurized flow of water from a hose to create rotary motion for transfer to the wheels by a drive train. More specifically, as shown in schematic FIGURE 7 , pool cleaner 20 includes a turbine 36, part of which, notably turbine housing 38, is secured to body 24. (As used with respect to turbine housing 38 and body 24, the term “secured to” includes having been formed together.)
  • Turbine housing 38 has a chamber 40 in it which is formed by a chamber wall 42.
  • Chamber 40 includes an inlet port 70 and an outlet port 72.
  • Turbine 36 also includes a rotor 48, which is rotatably mounted within chamber 40, and a number of turbine vanes 50, each of which has proximal and distal edges 50a and 50b.
  • Proximal edge 50a of each vane 50 is generally cylindrical in shape and is loosely received within a generally cylindrical void in rotor 48, formed just below the outer surface of the rotor.
  • vanes 50 which are of a curved configuration, freely move between fully extended positions in which they contact chamber wall 42 and retracted positions in which their distal edges 50b are closer to rotor 48 and spaced from chamber wall 42. This provides free adjustability of vanes 50 to facilitate passage of large pieces of debris to pass through chamber 40 without interfering with operation of the turbine.
  • Chamber 40 is of substantial size to further facilitate flow of debris.
  • FIGURE 7 operates by receiving a flow of water through a flexible pool cleaner hose (not shown), which is attached to a swiveling hose coupling 75, shown in FIGURES 1 , 4 and 5 (and not shown in FIGURE 7 ) in well-known manner.
  • the water from the hose flows through conduits 64 and conduit branches 64a and 64b, and ultimately through venturi jets 66a and 66b into turbine 68.
  • Conduit 64 and conduit branches 64a and 64b which are illustrated schematically in FIGURE 7 , extend within body 24 around turbine housing 38 by means of channels (not shown) formed in the housing or flexible hose (not shown). It should be remembered that FIGURE 7 is schematic; it omits a number of parts and does not purport to show the location or structure providing conduits for flow of water from the hose to the venturi jets.
  • turbine 68 has a large inlet 70 facing the pool surface 54; inlet 70 is larger than openings in certain prior pressure cleaners.
  • Venturi jets 66a and 66b are at or near inlet 70 and are oriented to direct water upwardly into inlet 70 and toward outlet 72.
  • Venturi jets 66a and 66b, particularly 66a, are located to cause rotation of rotor 48 of turbine 68 to provide driving and steering power for pressure cleaner 20.
  • a venturi action caused by venturi jets 66a and 66b draws water and debris from beneath pool cleaner 20 through inlet 70, turbine 36 and outlet port 72 into a collection bag 74 connected to neck 73. Bag 74 acts as a filter, in known manner.
  • venturi action is caused by the accelerated flow of water created by jets 66a and 66b.
  • the accelerated flow of water creates a pressure differential which causes an upward suction of water and debris from adjacent to pool surface 54 into inlet 70.
  • the venturi jets serve two purposes -- driving the turbine and creating an upward flow from beneath the pool cleaner for cleaning purposes.
  • the size and orientation of venturi jets 66a and 66b not only cause these actions, but serve to facilitate an essentially quick straight-line movement of debris into collection bag 74.
  • Turbine 36 serves two functions, providing power to drive wheels 22a-d through linkages (hereafter described) and providing power for operation of a steering device (hereafter described), both of which occur as water and debris are drawn through it by the above-described venturi action.
  • the water pressure for pressure cleaner 20 is supplied by a remote pump, in known fashion.
  • Pool cleaner 20 includes a segmented skirt which has forward and rearward portions, each of which includes a number of flap members 56 arranged in side by side relationship. Together, flap members 56, body 24 and pool surface 54 form a plenum 62. Each flap member 56 includes an upper articulating portion 58 and a lower articulating portion 60. Upper portion 58 has a proximal end 58a which is hinged to body 24 and a distal end 58b which is hinged to a proximal end 60a of upper portion 60. By virtue of this design, flap members 56 self-adjust to the contours of pool surface 54. Flap members 56 serve to keep plenum 62 substantially closed, which provides flow characteristics favorable for collection of debris from beneath pool cleaner 20 by the venturi action.
  • FIGURE 6 is particularly helpful in illustrating the drive train and its three different portions.
  • the three different portions include: (1) a first portion which extends from a first drive gear 76, affixed to rotor 48, to left and right front wheels 22a and 22b; (2) a second portion which extends from front wheel 22a to rear wheel 22c; and (3) a third portion which extends from front wheel 22b to rear wheel 22d.
  • first drive gear 76 (The second and third portions of the drive train are identical to each other.) All four wheels are driven by first drive gear 76; a second drive gear 78, which is affixed to the opposite side of rotor 48, is used to control the steering of pool cleaner 20.
  • First and second drive gears 76 and 78 are integrally formed with rotor 48 and are affixed to a rotor shaft 79 which is rotatably mounted with respect to body 24.
  • the first drive train portion includes left and right drive shafts 80 and 82, sometimes referred to as "first" and “second” drive shafts. They are in end-to-end alignment.
  • the first drive train portion also includes a gear train having gears 84a, 84b and 84c. Gear 84c also serves as a coupler receiving the proximal ends 80a and 82a of drive shafts 80 and 82.
  • Proximal end 80a of drive shaft 80 forms a ball-joint coupling with coupling gear 84c, for steering-related purpose described below.
  • Drive shafts 80 and 82 terminate at their distal ends in pinion gears 86a and 86b, which are integrally formed with the shafts.
  • Pinion gears 86a and 86b engage primary wheelgears 32 of drive train wheels 22a and 22b, respectively.
  • the rotation of rotor 48 causes synchronous rotation of front drive wheels 22a and 22b, each in the same direction.
  • each of these identical drive-train portions ends up engaging primary (or final) wheelgear 32 of one of rear drive wheels 22c and 22d.
  • Adjacent to each rear wheel is a transfer shaft 88 journaled in body 24 by means of appropriate bearings.
  • the opposite ends of each transfer shaft 88 include pinion gears 90a and 90b, which are formed as part of transfer shaft 88.
  • Each pinion gear 90a engages primary wheelgear 32 of one of front drive wheels 22a or 22b, at a position spaced about 180° from the point of engagement of pinion gear 86a or 86b therewith.
  • Each pinion gear 90b engages primary (or final) wheelgear 32 of one of rear drive wheels 22c and 22d.
  • Left drive shaft 80 which is generally in exact axial alignment with right drive shaft 82, can be moved off-axis by virtue of the ball-joint at its proximal end 80a. More specifically, pinion gear 86a, which is formed at the distal end of left drive shaft 80, is movable in fore-and-aft directions depending upon forces applied to drive shaft 80, as hereafter described.
  • FIGURE 7 shows an oblong opening 92 in a portion of body 24 which accommodates such movement of left drive shaft 80.
  • Pool cleaner 20 includes a shift bracket assembly 94 slidably held within a cavity 96 formed in body 24.
  • Drive shaft 80 is journaled by a suitable bearing in shift bracket assembly 94.
  • Shift bracket assembly 94 includes a roller 98 at its rear end for engagement by a cam wheel 100 that serves the purpose of controlling the fore-and-aft position of shift bracket assembly 94.
  • a spring 102 is located within cavity 96 in a position between a fixed surface of body 24 and the front end of shift bracket assembly 94. Spring 102 biases shift bracket assembly 94 into engagement with cam wheel 100.
  • pinion gear 86a Since left drive shaft 80 is journaled in shift bracket assembly 94, the position of pinion gear 86a is determined by the fore-or-aft position of shift bracket assembly 94. In the forward position, pinion gear 86a engages primary wheelgear 32 of left front wheel 22a; in the rearward position, it engages secondary wheelgear 34 of left front wheel 22a. Left front wheel 22a moves in a forward direction when pinion gear 86a engages primary wheelgear 32; however, since the reverse side of pinion gear 86a is what engages secondary wheelgear 34 when pinion gear 86a is in the aft position, such engagement results in reverse rotation of left front wheel 22a.
  • cam wheel 100 has a fixed radius sufficient to allows cam wheel 100 to hold shift bracket assembly 94 in a forward position.
  • Cam wheel 100 also has one or more smaller portions of lesser radius which allow shift bracket assembly 94 to move to its aft position under the biasing force of spring 102.
  • Cam wheel 100 is rotatably supported on an extension 104 of rotor shaft 79 at a position spaced from rotor 48. Also rotatably supported on extension 104 are several gear members of a reduction gear assembly 106, the purpose of which is to reduce rotational speed such that cam wheel 100 turns slowly -- at a rate such that its portions of greater or lesser radial dimension dwell in contact with roller 98 of shift bracket assembly 94 for reasonable periods of time. More specifically, the gearing and cam design are such that the pool cleaner 20 will move in a forward position most of the time, and only intermittently change directions for short periods of time.
  • Primary and secondary wheelgears 32 and 34 are integrally formed with each of the drive wheels 22a-d.
  • FIGURE 8 illustrates the main portion of one such drive wheel, with its tread piece removed.
  • FIGURE 9 illustrates a resilient elastomeric tread element 108 which is shaped for firm engagement about the periphery of the main portion of each drive wheel and to provide good traction.
  • Tread element 108 has many outwardly extending resilient radial fingers 110.
  • These tread features on the drive wheels of the present invention provide increased traction on slippery surfaces.
  • This tread in combination with the large size of the drive wheels, which are essentially as large in diameter as the pool cleaner is high, allows the cleaner to ride over commonly encountered impediments and obstacles in the pool environment, including main drains, pool liner wrinkles, and uneven, convex and concave surfaces.
  • Such drive wheels in the four-wheel-drive pool cleaner of this invention also allow the pool cleaner to navigate a vertical wall which joins a pool bottom surface without any curved transition (or "radius").
  • radial fingers 110a-c project radially farther than the others. As explained above, this serves to provide additional traction for dislodgement of the pool cleaner 20, if needed.
  • Radial finger 110b extends slightly farther than radial fingers 110a and 110c.
  • FIGURE 10 shows a two-wheel swimming pool pressure cleaner 120 in accordance with this invention.
  • Pool cleaner 120 is powered, supported and steered by two, rather than four, drive wheels.
  • Pool cleaner 120 is similar to pool cleaner 120 in all significant respects, the principal differences being only that the rear wheels, the rear wheel mounts and the rear wheel drive linkages are absent.
  • venturi jets can be varied, either up or down form the two referred to above. Having said that, however, it should be pointed out that the use of multiple venturi jets dramatically increases the pressure differential between the water in plenum 62 and the water in the region immediately above venturi jets 66a and 66b. This allows better pick-up of heavier particles of debris.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Electric Suction Cleaners (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)

Claims (30)

  1. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine (20) du type comportant un corps (24), des roues (22) montées à rotation sur le corps (24), un logement de turbine (38) ayant une chambre d'écoulement d'eau (40) formée par une paroi de chambre (42) et ayant une entrée (70) et une sortie (72), un rotor de turbine (48) monté à rotation dans la chambre (40) et ayant des ailettes (50), un organe d'entraînement fixé au rotor (48) et un train d'entraînement provenant de l'organe d'entraînement pour entraîner de manière synchronisée les roues (22) sur des surfaces immergées d'une piscine, au moins un jet de venturi et un conduit d'eau (64) pour alimenter l'eau au jet de venturi (66) depuis un tuyau, dans lequel :
    - l'entrée de turbine (70) est supportée à proximité immédiate de la surface de la piscine;
    - le jet de venturi est situé au niveau de l'entrée de la turbine (70) et est orienté de manière à diriger l'eau dans l'entrée pour à la fois faire tourner la turbine et entraîner l'eau et les débris de façon à ce qu'ils s'écoulent depuis la piscine devant le jet de venturi et parviennent jusque dans l'entrée ; et
    le dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine comprenant en outre :
    - un mécanisme de guidage fixé intérieurement au corps (24) et ayant une partie mobile destinée à interrompre périodiquement la rotation synchronisée des roues (22) sur la surface de la piscine et ainsi changer la direction du dispositif de nettoyage de piscine.
  2. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le mécanisme de guidage comprend :
    - une came (100) ayant des portions de plus grand et de plus petit rayons, la came étant fixée à rotation au corps (24) et étant entraînée par le rotor (48) par un engrenage réducteur ; et
    - une liaison de la came à l'une des roues pour interrompre périodiquement la rotation synchronisée des roues sur la surface de la piscine.
  3. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comportant une pluralité de jets de venturi (66a, 66b) espacés l'un de l'autre pour faciliter le passage de débris dans l'entrée (70).
  4. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 3, dans lequel au moins l'un des jets de venturi (66a, 66b) est orienté de manière à fournir un écoulement d'eau accéléré directement vers la sortie (72).
  5. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les roues (22) ont des bandes de roulement (108) ayant une pluralité de doigts radiaux (110) s'étendant vers l'extérieur.
  6. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 5, dans lequel certains des doigts radiaux (110) font saillie radialement plus loin que les autres doigts, afin d'augmenter ainsi la traction dans un but de délogement.
  7. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    dans lequel :
    - le corps a un côté avant, un côté arrière et des cotes latéraux ;
    - un ensemble de deux roues (22) sont montées à rotation sur le corps (24), un de chaque côté;
    - le logement de turbine (38) est fixé au corps (24).
  8. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre un sac pour recevoir les débris (74) fixé à la sortie (72).
  9. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les ailettes de turbine (50) ont des extrémités proximales connectées au rotor (48) et des extrémités distales déplaçables par rapport à celui-ci entre des positions étendues adjacentes à la paroi et des positions rentrées plus espacées de la paroi et plus proches du rotor (48).
  10. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 9, dans lequel les ailettes (50) sont montées de manière pivotante par rapport au rotor (48).
  11. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 10, dans lequel les ailettes (50) sont courbées et les bords distaux des ailettes viennent en contact avec la paroi de la chambre (42) dans leurs positions étendues.
  12. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 10, dans lequel le rotor (48) a une surface extérieure sous laquelle, pour chaque ailette (50), se trouve une cavité correspondante qui retient de manière pivotante l'extrémité proximale de l'ailette (50).
  13. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 12, dans lequel les ailettes (50) ont des agrandissements au niveau de leurs extrémités proximales, qui sont dimensionnés de manière à être librement insérés dans les cavités et à pouvoir s'engager avec elles de manière pivotante.
  14. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 7, dans lequel :
    - chacune des roues (22) a un côté intérieur et un côté extérieur ;
    - la première roue de l'ensemble a des engrenages à roue (32 et 34) primaire et secondaire espacés radialement et en regard l'un de l'autre sur le côté intérieur de celle-ci ;
    - la deuxième roue de l'ensemble a un autre engrenage à roue primaire (32) sur le côté intérieur de celle-ci, les engrenages à roue primaires (32) étant similaires les uns aux autres ; et
    - la portion du train d'entraînement se termine aux première et deuxième roues dans des premier et deuxième pignons d'entraînement (86), respectivement, chacun s'engageant avec l'engrenage à roue primaire (32) de la roue respective (22) ;
    pour ainsi entraîner les roues de manière synchronisée dans la direction vers l'avant.
  15. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 14, dans lequel les engrenages à roue de la première roue sont formés intégralement avec la première roue, et sont concentriques.
  16. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 15, dans lequel l'engrenage à roue (32) de la deuxième roue (22) est formé intégralement avec la deuxième roue.
  17. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 16, dans lequel les première et deuxième roues sont identiques, et donc interchangeables.
  18. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 17,
    dans lequel :
    - l'organe d'entraînement est un engrenage d'entraînement (76) ; et
    - le train d'entraînement comporte :
    - des premier et deuxième arbres d'entraînement (80, 82) tourillonnés par rapport au corps (24) et ayant des extrémités proximale et distale ;
    - les premier et deuxième pignons d'entraînement (86) étant entraînés par les premier et deuxième arbres d'entraînement (80, 82), respectivement ; et
    - un train d'engrenage allant de l'engrenage d'entraînement aux premier et deuxième arbres d'entraînement.
  19. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 18, dans lequel les premier et deuxième arbres d'entraînement (80, 82) forment les premier et deuxième pignons d'entraînement (86), respectivement, à leurs extrémités distales.
  20. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 19, dans lequel le train d'entraînement comporte un coupleur avec des extrémités opposées recevant les extrémités proximales des premier et deuxième arbres d'entraînement.
  21. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 20, dans lequel l'extrémité proximale du premier arbre d'entraînement est une rotule permettant à l'extrémité distale du premier arbre d'entraînement d'être déplacée d'avant en arrière entre une position d'entraînement dans laquelle le premier pignon d'entraînement s'engage avec l'engrenage à roue primaire (32) de la première roue (22) et une position de guidage dans laquelle le premier pignon d'entraînement (86) s'engage avec l'engrenage à roue secondaire (43) de la première roue pour ainsi amener la première roue à tourner dans une direction opposée à celle de la deuxième roue, en interrompant la rotation synchronisée des roues sur la surface de la piscine.
  22. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 21, dans lequel la liaison de la came (100) à la première roue comprend :
    - un ensemble de console coulissante (94) maintenu de manière coulissante par le corps (24), le premier arbre d'entraînement étant tourillonné dans celui-ci de manière à permettre le mouvement de son extrémité distale entre les positions d'entraînement et de guidage, la came (100) engageant la console coulissante ; et
    - un ressort sollicitant la console coulissante vers la came ;
    la came (100), agissant par le biais de l'ensemble de console coulissante (94), assurant le mouvement vers l'avant et vers l'arrière en (a) retenant l'extrémité distale du premier arbre d'entraînement dans la position d'entraînement et (b) en permettant à l'extrémité distale du premier arbre d'entraînement de se déplacer dans la position de guidage, et ce en alternance.
  23. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 22, dans lequel les roues (22) ont des bandes de roulement (108) avec une pluralité de doigts radiaux (110) s'étendant vers l'extérieur.
  24. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 22, dans lequel certains des doigts radiaux font saillie radialement plus loin que les autres doigts, afin d'augmenter ainsi la traction dans un but de délogement.
  25. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 22, comprenant en outre :
    - un deuxième ensemble de roues (22), un de chaque côté, chacune des roues du deuxième ensemble ayant un côté intérieur et un côté extérieur ;
    - un engrenage à roue final du côté extérieur de chacune des roues du deuxième ensemble ;
    - un train d'entraînement étendu pour chacune des roues du deuxième ensemble, chacun des trains d'entraînement étendus comprenant :
    - un arbre de transfert tourillonné par rapport au corps ;
    - un premier pignon de transfert en prise avec l'un des engrenages à roue primaires ; et
    - un deuxième pignon de transfert en prise avec l'un des engrenages à roue finaux ;
    pour ainsi assurer la rotation des roues du deuxième ensemble.
  26. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 25, dans lequel chaque arbre de transfert forme les premier et deuxième pignons de transfert à des extrémités opposées de celui-ci.
  27. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 26, dans lequel :
    - les engrenages à roue (32, 34) de toutes les roues sont intégralement formés avec la roue ; et
    - les quatre roues (22) sont identiques, et donc interchangeables.
  28. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel :
    - l'entrée (70) est tournée vers la surface de la piscine ; et
    comprenant en outre :
    - une jupe fixée par rapport au corps (24) et s'étendant vers la surface de la piscine de telle sorte que la jupe et le corps, conjointement avec la surface de la piscine, forment une chambre de laquelle de l'eau et des débris sont aspirés vers l'entrée, la jupe comportant au moins un organe de volet (56) ayant des portions d'articulation supérieure et inférieure (58, 60), la portion d'articulation supérieure (58) ayant un bord proximal articulé au corps (24) et un bord inférieur articulé à la portion d'articulation inférieure (60).
  29. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 28, dans lequel la jupe est segmentée en ce qu'elle comprend une pluralité des organes de volet articulés (56) agencés de manière juxtaposée, pour ainsi faciliter l'encerclement relatif de la chambre malgré les irrégularités rencontrées dans la surface de la piscine immédiatement en dessous du dispositif de nettoyage de piscine.
  30. Dispositif de nettoyage sous pression pour piscine selon la revendication 29, comportant une pluralité de jets de venturi (66a, 66b) espacés l'un de l'autre pour faciliter le passage de débris dans l'entrée (70), au moins l'un des jets de venturi étant orienté de manière à fournir un écoulement accéléré d'eau directement vers la sortie (72).
EP00937904A 2000-05-26 2000-05-26 Dispositif de nettoyage a air comprime pour piscine pourvu d'un mecanisme de guidage interne Expired - Lifetime EP1290293B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2000/014770 WO2001092663A1 (fr) 2000-05-26 2000-05-26 Dispositif de nettoyage a air comprime pour piscine pourvu d'un mecanisme de guidage interne

Publications (3)

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EP1290293A1 EP1290293A1 (fr) 2003-03-12
EP1290293A4 EP1290293A4 (fr) 2004-04-14
EP1290293B1 true EP1290293B1 (fr) 2010-01-20

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EP (1) EP1290293B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE455914T1 (fr)
AU (2) AU5301800A (fr)
CA (1) CA2414101C (fr)
DE (1) DE60043749D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2339915T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001092663A1 (fr)

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US9212498B2 (en) 2010-06-25 2015-12-15 Zodiac Pool Care Europe Self-propelled apparatus for cleaning a submerged surface

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US6733046B1 (en) 2002-10-24 2004-05-11 Pollvergnuegen Hose swivel connection apparatus
US6706175B1 (en) 2002-10-24 2004-03-16 Dieter J. Rief Debris-capturing apparatus for pressure cleaners
US9593502B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2017-03-14 Hayward Industries, Inc. Swimming pool cleaner
US8956533B2 (en) * 2011-10-03 2015-02-17 Pentair Water Pool And Spa, Inc. Pool cleaner with multi-stage venturi vacuum assembly
CA2906043A1 (fr) 2013-03-14 2014-10-02 Hayward Industries, Inc. Systeme de nettoyage pour piscine avec des elements de nettoyage articules
WO2014150506A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 Hayward Industries, Inc. Dispositif de nettoyage de piscine doté d'ensembles entraînement de roue
ES2877114T3 (es) 2013-08-30 2021-11-16 Hayward Ind Inc Limpiador de piscina
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USD789624S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-06-13 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
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USD787760S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-05-23 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner
USD787761S1 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-05-23 Hayward Industries, Inc. Pool cleaner

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2414101A1 (fr) 2001-12-06
WO2001092663A8 (fr) 2002-02-28
AU2000253018A1 (en) 2002-02-28
AU2000253018B2 (en) 2006-07-06
DE60043749D1 (de) 2010-03-11
EP1290293A4 (fr) 2004-04-14
ES2339915T3 (es) 2010-05-27
ATE455914T1 (de) 2010-02-15
CA2414101C (fr) 2006-08-01
EP1290293A1 (fr) 2003-03-12
AU5301800A (en) 2001-12-11
WO2001092663A1 (fr) 2001-12-06

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