EP1290243A1 - Method for coating a metallic component - Google Patents

Method for coating a metallic component

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Publication number
EP1290243A1
EP1290243A1 EP01940517A EP01940517A EP1290243A1 EP 1290243 A1 EP1290243 A1 EP 1290243A1 EP 01940517 A EP01940517 A EP 01940517A EP 01940517 A EP01940517 A EP 01940517A EP 1290243 A1 EP1290243 A1 EP 1290243A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
release agent
mold
mold release
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01940517A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1290243B1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Barth
Marita Bauer
Wilfrid Polley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1290243A1 publication Critical patent/EP1290243A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1290243B1 publication Critical patent/EP1290243B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
    • B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
    • C23C22/74—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process for obtaining burned-in conversion coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/06—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls
    • B21B27/10—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls externally

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for coating a metallic component with a corrosion protection layer.
  • light metal components e.g. B. made of aluminum or magnesium.
  • the components are usually cast, forged, extruded or extruded
  • the metals mentioned and their alloys form a passivation layer on the surface, which protects them well against corrosion under normal climatic conditions. Under the influence of corrosive media such as water and salt, however, these metals are attacked to an unacceptable degree.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for the corrosion protection of light metal components which is less expensive than the prior art.
  • the solution to the problem consists of the features of claim 1.
  • Light metal components are usually manufactured in metal molds using elevated temperatures. In these processes, the molds are sprayed with a mold release agent before the molding process.
  • the mold release agent adheres to the surface of the mold and supports the demolding of a molded component, since the adhesion between the mold and the component is reduced.
  • the mold release agent commonly used in the molding process consists of 98% to 99% water, which contains between 1% and 2% of an organic base material based on waxes.
  • the organic base material of the mold release agent burns into a surface of the component and has a clearly corrosion-inhibiting effect. Burning-in here means the formation of a continuous surface layer during the solidification of the component. This is firmly attached to the surface of the component and cannot be washed off. It has been shown that, depending on the type of raw material, a mold release agent with a share of organic base material of more than 15% (hereinafter called concentrated mold release agent) already has a corrosion-inhibiting effect. The corrosion-inhibiting properties increase with increasing concentration of the mold release agent on organic raw material. The best protection against corrosion is achieved by the undiluted raw material.
  • the mold is only partially sprayed with concentrated mold release agent, whereas the other areas are treated with conventional, diluted mold release agent become.
  • this only leads to partial corrosion protection and can be used if only certain component areas are exposed to corrosive media.
  • the method according to the invention is an in situ coating of the component.
  • a slightly larger amount of organic base material is required for the mold release agent to produce the component, the costs for the base material are comparatively low. No further coating process has to be introduced in this process and no further additives are added to the process.
  • the method according to the invention can be used in all shaping methods for light metals, in which metallic permanent molds (which may have ceramic or hard metal layers or inserts) are used.
  • the molding tools must have a temperature of at least 80 ° C., preferably 150 ° C. to 400 ° C. during the molding process in order to ensure baking on the component surface.
  • B. permanent molds, pressing tools, forging tools, rolling tools, traction tools, extrusion tools or extrusion tools are suitable.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for components which are produced by casting in permanent casting molds or by forging in forging tools (claims 2 and 3).
  • the organic raw material is based on waxes. These include paraffins and saturated fatty acids from glycerol esters. These raw materials burn themselves particularly well into the casting skin of the component without decomposition taking place (claim 4).
  • the temperature of the mold is generally maintained at a temperature between 150 ° C and 400 ° C during the molding process. If the concentrated mold release agent is sprayed onto the hot surface of the mold, the organic base materials dry at least partially. This results in the base material being fixed and leads to an even surface layer on the component surface.
  • the consideration of a fixing time of up to 30 s is expedient here (claim 6).
  • Light metal components made of aluminum, magnesium, zinc or alloys of these metals are particularly suitable for coating by the method according to the invention (claim 7).
  • Example 2 shows the use of the method according to the invention for coating a forged component.
  • a corresponding permanent casting mold with a concentrated mold release agent which consists of 30% water and 70% organic base material based on glycerol esters, is sprayed all over. After a waiting time of approx. 15 s, the water of the mold release agent has largely evaporated and the organic base material is fixed on the permanent casting mold, which is heated to approx. 250 ° C.
  • the permanent casting mold is then filled with the molten magnesium alloy (magnesium melt), which has a temperature of 650 ° C., under pressure.
  • the mold release agent which is fixed to the surface of the permanent casting mold, prevents the surface from being wetted by the magnesium melt during filling. In this process phase there is almost no interaction between the melt and the mold release agent.
  • the magnesium melt solidifies into a component.
  • the solidification process takes approx. 15 s.
  • a casting skin forms on the surface of the permanent casting mold, which forms the surface of the component after removal from the mold.
  • parts of the fixed release agent dissolve and burn themselves into the cast skin.
  • the chemical structure of the mold release agent is not permanently damaged.
  • the component is quenched in water to prevent the burned-in mold release agent from decomposing during a longer cooling phase.
  • VDA Association of the German Automobile Industry
  • the VDA alternating test consists of a defined series of corrosion tests according to DIN standards.
  • the components are sprayed with salt for 24 hours (according to DIN 50021 SS) and then a climate change test between 120 ° C and 90% relative humidity -40 ° C for 96 h (according to DIN 50017 KFW) and finally kept under a defined climate at room temperature for 48 h.
  • a visual inspection of the components shows the following:
  • the uncoated component has a surface heavily encrusted with oxides. Fine surface structures can no longer be recognized.
  • the component coated according to the invention remained almost unchanged, minor surface defects can only be recognized by sharp edges, where the mold release agent could only burn into the surface to a lesser extent.
  • a mold release agent is sprayed onto a forging tool that has a surface temperature of 200 ° C. It consists of 85% water and 15% waxes based on paraffins.
  • the mold release agent first dries on the forging tool, which leads to local fixation of the mold release agent.
  • a waiting time of approx. 30 s is inserted for optimal fixation.
  • An aluminum semi-finished product made of the AlMgSil alloy is preheated to approx. 370 ° C and formed into an aluminum component in the form of a tension strut in the forging tool.
  • part of the wax component of the mold release agent burns into the surface of the aluminum component. Enough wax remains on the surface of the mold to ensure that the component is removed from the mold.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for coating a metallic component with an anticorrosive coat. To this end, a metallic shaping tool is at least partially sprayed with a concentrated mold release agent, and the component is poured into the metallic shaping tool, whereby, during the solidification of the component, the concentrated mold release agent is baked into a surface of the component.

Description

Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines metallischen Bauteils Process for coating a metallic component
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines metallischen Bauteils mit einer Korrosionsschutzschicht.The invention relates to a method for coating a metallic component with a corrosion protection layer.
Zur Realisierung von Leichtbaukonzepten mit dem Ziel der Kraftstoffeinsparung werden insbesondere im Automobilbereich zunehmend Leichtmetallbauteile, z. B. aus Aluminium oder Magnesium eingesetzt. Die Bauteile werden in der Regel gegossen, geschmiedet, stranggepresst oder extrudiertTo realize lightweight construction concepts with the aim of saving fuel, light metal components, e.g. B. made of aluminum or magnesium. The components are usually cast, forged, extruded or extruded
Die genannten Metalle und ihre Legierungen bilden eine Passivierungsschicht an der Oberfläche aus, die sie unter normalen klimatischen Bedingungen gut gegen Korrosion schützt. Unter Einfluss von korrosionsfordernden Medien wie Wasser und Salz werden diese Metalle hingegen in nicht vertretbaren Maße korrosiv angegriffen.The metals mentioned and their alloys form a passivation layer on the surface, which protects them well against corrosion under normal climatic conditions. Under the influence of corrosive media such as water and salt, however, these metals are attacked to an unacceptable degree.
Zahlreiche Maßnahmen zur Beschichtung von Leichtmetallen insbesondere von Magnesium wurden hiergegen entwickelt. Ein gebräuchliches Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Korrosionsschutzes auf Leichtmetallen besteht in der elektrolytischen Beschichtung, wie sie z. B. in der EP 33 048 Bl beschrieben wird. Der Nachteil dieses Verfahrens besteht hingegen in der aufwendigen und teueren nachträglichen Beschichtung der Bauteile.Numerous measures for coating light metals, especially magnesium, have been developed to counter this. A common method for producing corrosion protection on light metals is the electrolytic coating, such as z. B. is described in EP 33 048 B1. The disadvantage of this method, on the other hand, is the complex and expensive subsequent coating of the components.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht demnach darin, ein gegenüber des Standes der Technik kostengünstigeres Verfahren für den Korrosionsschutz von Leichtmetallbauteilen bereitzustellen. Die Lösung der Aufgabe besteht aus den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for the corrosion protection of light metal components which is less expensive than the prior art. The solution to the problem consists of the features of claim 1.
Leichtmetallbauteile werden in der Regel in metallischen Formwerkzeugen unter Anwendung erhöhter Temperaturen hergestellt. Bei diesen Verfahren werden die Formwerkzeuge vor dem Formgebungsprozess mit einem Formtrennmittel besprüht. Das Formtrennmittel haftet an der Oberfläche des Formwerkzeuges und unterstützt das Entformen eines geformten Bauteils, da die Haftung zwischen dem Formwerkzeug und dem Bauteil herabgesetzt wird. Das im Formgebungsprozess üblicherweise verwendete Formtrennmittel besteht zu 98 % bis 99 % aus Wasser, das zwischen 1 % und 2 % eines organischen Grundstoffs auf der Basis von Wachsen enthält.Light metal components are usually manufactured in metal molds using elevated temperatures. In these processes, the molds are sprayed with a mold release agent before the molding process. The mold release agent adheres to the surface of the mold and supports the demolding of a molded component, since the adhesion between the mold and the component is reduced. The mold release agent commonly used in the molding process consists of 98% to 99% water, which contains between 1% and 2% of an organic base material based on waxes.
Erfindungsgemäß wurde bei der Verwendung von konzentrierten Formtrennmitteln festgestellt, dass sich der organische Grundstoff des Formtrennmittels in eine Oberfläche des Bauteils einbrennt und deutlich korrosionshemmend wirkt. Unter Einbrennen wird hierbei das Entstehen einer kontinuierlichen Oberflächenschicht während des Erstarrens des Bauteils verstanden. Diese ist mit der Oberfläche des Bauteils fest verbunden und nicht abwaschbar. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass je nach Art des Grundstoffes ein Formtrennmittel mit einem Anteil an organischem Grundstoff von mehr als 15 % (im Folgenden konzentriertes Formtrennmittel genannt) bereits korrosionshemmend wirkt. Die korrosionshemmenden Eigenschaften verstärken sich mit zunehmender Konzentration des Formtrennmittels an organischem Grundstoff. Der beste Korrosionsschutz wird durch den unverdünnten Grundstoff erzielt.According to the invention, when using concentrated mold release agents, it was found that the organic base material of the mold release agent burns into a surface of the component and has a clearly corrosion-inhibiting effect. Burning-in here means the formation of a continuous surface layer during the solidification of the component. This is firmly attached to the surface of the component and cannot be washed off. It has been shown that, depending on the type of raw material, a mold release agent with a share of organic base material of more than 15% (hereinafter called concentrated mold release agent) already has a corrosion-inhibiting effect. The corrosion-inhibiting properties increase with increasing concentration of the mold release agent on organic raw material. The best protection against corrosion is achieved by the undiluted raw material.
Zur Reduktion von Prozesskosten ist es möglich, dass das Formwerkzeug nur teilweise mit konzentriertem Formtrennmittel besprüht wird, wogegen die anderen Bereiche mit herkömmlichen, verdünnten Formtrennmittel behandelt werden. Dies führt natürlich lediglich zu einem partiellen Korrosionsschutz und kann dann angewendet werden, wenn nur bestimmte Bauteilbereiche korrosiven Medien ausgesetzt sind.To reduce process costs, it is possible that the mold is only partially sprayed with concentrated mold release agent, whereas the other areas are treated with conventional, diluted mold release agent become. Of course, this only leads to partial corrosion protection and can be used if only certain component areas are exposed to corrosive media.
Es handelt sich demnach bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren um eine in situ Beschichtung des Bauteils. Es wird zwar zur Herstellung des Bauteils eine geringfügig größere Menge an organischem Grundstoff für das Formtrennmittel benötigt, die Kosten für den Grundstoff sind jedoch vergleichsweise gering. Es muss in diesem Verfahren kein weiterer Beschichtungsprozess eingeführt werden und es werden keine weiteren Zusatzstoffe dem Prozess zugeführt.Accordingly, the method according to the invention is an in situ coating of the component. Although a slightly larger amount of organic base material is required for the mold release agent to produce the component, the costs for the base material are comparatively low. No further coating process has to be introduced in this process and no further additives are added to the process.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann bei allen Formgebungsverfahren für Leichtmetalle angewendet werden, bei denen metallische Dauerformwerkzeuge (die ggf. keramische oder hartmetallische Schichten oder Einsätze aufweisen können) eingesetzt werden. Die Formwerkzeuge müssen während des Formprozesses eine Temperatur von mindestens 80 °C, bevorzugt 150 °C bis 400 °C aufweisen um ein Einbrennen auf der Bauteiloberfläche zu gewährleisten. Als Formwerkzeuge sind hierfür z. B. Dauergießformen, Presswerkzeuge, Schmiedewerkzeuge, Walzwerkzeuge, Zugwerkzeuge, Extrudierwerkzeuge oder Strangpresswerkzeuge geeignet. Besonders geeignet ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bei Bauteilen, die durch Gießen in Dauergießformen oder durch Schmieden in Schmiedewerkzeugen dargestellt werden (Ansprüche 2 u. 3) .The method according to the invention can be used in all shaping methods for light metals, in which metallic permanent molds (which may have ceramic or hard metal layers or inserts) are used. The molding tools must have a temperature of at least 80 ° C., preferably 150 ° C. to 400 ° C. during the molding process in order to ensure baking on the component surface. As molding tools for this. B. permanent molds, pressing tools, forging tools, rolling tools, traction tools, extrusion tools or extrusion tools are suitable. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for components which are produced by casting in permanent casting molds or by forging in forging tools (claims 2 and 3).
Die besten Ergebnis bezüglich des Korrosionsschutzes werden erzielt, wenn der organische Grundstoff auf der Basis von Wachsen besteht. Hierzu gehören Paraffine und gesättigte Fettsäuren aus Glycerinester. Diese Grundstoffe brennen sich besonders gut in die Gießhaut des Bauteils ein, ohne dass eine Zersetzung stattfindet (Anspruch 4) .The best results regarding corrosion protection are achieved if the organic raw material is based on waxes. These include paraffins and saturated fatty acids from glycerol esters. These raw materials burn themselves particularly well into the casting skin of the component without decomposition taking place (claim 4).
Durch eine Zersetzung der Grundstoffe würde der Korrosionsschutz beeinträchtigt werden. Zur Vermeidung einer Zersetzung des organischen Grundstoffes auf der Bauteiloberfläche ist es im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zweckmäßig, das Bauteil direkt nach der Formgebung in Wasser abzuschrecken (Anspruch 5) .The corrosion protection would be impaired by decomposition of the raw materials. To avoid a Decomposition of the organic base material on the component surface, in the context of the method according to the invention, is expedient to quench the component in water immediately after shaping (claim 5).
Die Temperatur des Formwerkzeuges wird im Allgemeinen während des Formgebungsprozesses auf einer Temperatur zwischen 150° C und 400° C gehalten. Wird das konzentrierte Formtrennmittel auf die heiße Oberfläche des Formwerkzeuges gesprüht, so trocknen die organischen Grundstoffe zumindest teilweise an. Dies hat eine Fixierung des Grundstoffes zur Folge und führt zu einer gleichmäßigen Oberflächenschicht auf der Bauteiloberfläche. Die Berücksichtigung einer Fixierzeit von bis zu 30 s ist hierbei zweckmäßig (Anspruch 6) .The temperature of the mold is generally maintained at a temperature between 150 ° C and 400 ° C during the molding process. If the concentrated mold release agent is sprayed onto the hot surface of the mold, the organic base materials dry at least partially. This results in the base material being fixed and leads to an even surface layer on the component surface. The consideration of a fixing time of up to 30 s is expedient here (claim 6).
Besonders geeignet zur Beschichtung durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sind Leichtmetallbauteilen aus Aluminium, Magnesium, Zink oder Legierungen dieser Metalle (Anspruch 7) .Light metal components made of aluminum, magnesium, zinc or alloys of these metals are particularly suitable for coating by the method according to the invention (claim 7).
Die einzige Figur zeigt den schematischen Ablauf des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens an Hand eines Gießprozesses, der im Beispiel 1 näher beschrieben ist. Beispiel 2 beschreibt die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines geschmiedeten Bauteils.The single figure shows the schematic sequence of the method according to the invention using a casting process, which is described in more detail in Example 1. Example 2 describes the use of the method according to the invention for coating a forged component.
Beispiel 1example 1
Zur Herstellung eines Gehäuseteils für ein Pkw-Nebenaggregat aus der Magnesiumlegierung AS21 wird eine entsprechende Dauergießform mit einem konzentrierten Formtrennmittel, das zu 30 % aus Wasser und 70 % aus einem organischen Grundstoff auf der Basis von Glycerinester besteht, flächendeckend aufgesprüht . Nach einer Wartezeit von ca. 15 s ist das Wasser des Formtrennmittels großenteils verdampft und der organische Grundstoff auf der Dauergießform, die auf ca. 250° C temperiert wird, fixiert. Anschließend wird die Dauergießform mit der geschmolzenen Magnesiumlegierung (Magnesiumschmelze), die eine Temperatur von 650° C aufweist, unter Druck befüllt. Das Formtrennmittel, das auf der Oberfläche der Dauergießform fixiert ist, verhindert während der Befüllung eine Benetzung der Oberfläche durch die Magnesiumschmelze. In dieser Prozessphase findet nahezu keine Wechselwirkung zwischen der Schmelze und dem Formtrennmittel statt.To produce a housing part for a car auxiliary unit made of the magnesium alloy AS21, a corresponding permanent casting mold with a concentrated mold release agent, which consists of 30% water and 70% organic base material based on glycerol esters, is sprayed all over. After a waiting time of approx. 15 s, the water of the mold release agent has largely evaporated and the organic base material is fixed on the permanent casting mold, which is heated to approx. 250 ° C. The permanent casting mold is then filled with the molten magnesium alloy (magnesium melt), which has a temperature of 650 ° C., under pressure. The mold release agent, which is fixed to the surface of the permanent casting mold, prevents the surface from being wetted by the magnesium melt during filling. In this process phase there is almost no interaction between the melt and the mold release agent.
Nach dem vollständigen Befüllen erstarrt die Magnesiumschmelze zu einem Bauteil. Der Erstarrungsvorgang dauert ca. 15 s. In dieser Zeit bildet sich auf der Oberfläche der Dauergießform eine Gießhaut aus, die nach dem Entformen die Oberfläche des Bauteils bildet. Während des Erstarrens lösen sich Teile des fixierten Trennmittels und brennen sich in die Gießhaut ein. Hierbei wird die chemische Struktur des Formtrennmittels nicht nachhaltig geschädigt. Zur Verhinderung einer Zersetzung des eingebrannten Formtrennmittels während einer längeren Abkühlphase wird das Bauteil in Wasser abgeschreckt.After complete filling, the magnesium melt solidifies into a component. The solidification process takes approx. 15 s. During this time, a casting skin forms on the surface of the permanent casting mold, which forms the surface of the component after removal from the mold. During the solidification process, parts of the fixed release agent dissolve and burn themselves into the cast skin. The chemical structure of the mold release agent is not permanently damaged. The component is quenched in water to prevent the burned-in mold release agent from decomposing during a longer cooling phase.
Die Beschichtung der Bauteiloberfläche durch das Formtrennmittel ist nach dem Abschrecken kontinuierlich mit der Oberfläche verbunden und verfestigt, so dass dieses einen dauerhaften Korrosionsschutz gewährleistet. Das nach dem erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beschichtete Bauteil, sowie ein unbeschichtetes, ansonsten identisches Bauteil, wurde dem sogenannten VDA (Verband Deutscher Automobilindustrie) - Wechseltest unterzogen. Der VDA-Wechseltest setzt sich aus einer definierten Reihe von Korrosionstests nach DIN-Normen zusammen. Hierbei werden die Bauteile 24 h mit Salz besprüht (nach DIN 50021 SS) und anschließend bei 90 % relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit einem Klimawechseltest zwischen 120° C und -40° C für 96 h (nach DIN 50017 KFW) ausgesetzt und zum Abschluss unter einem definiertem Klima bei Raumtemperatur 48 h gehalten.After quenching, the coating of the component surface by the mold release agent is continuously bonded to the surface and solidified, so that this ensures permanent corrosion protection. The component coated using the method according to the invention, as well as an uncoated, otherwise identical component, was subjected to the so-called VDA (Association of the German Automobile Industry) alternating test. The VDA alternating test consists of a defined series of corrosion tests according to DIN standards. The components are sprayed with salt for 24 hours (according to DIN 50021 SS) and then a climate change test between 120 ° C and 90% relative humidity -40 ° C for 96 h (according to DIN 50017 KFW) and finally kept under a defined climate at room temperature for 48 h.
Die Sichtprüfung der Bauteile ergibt folgendes: Das unbeschichtete Bauteil weist eine stark durch Oxide verkrustete Oberfläche auf. Feine Oberflächenstrukturen sind nicht mehr zu erkennen. Das erfindungsgemäß beschichtete Bauteil hingegen blieb nahezu unverändert, geringfügige Oberflächendefekte sind lediglich an scharfen Kanten zu erkennen, dort wo das Formtrennmittel nur in geringerem Ausmaß in die Oberfläche einbrennen konnte.A visual inspection of the components shows the following: The uncoated component has a surface heavily encrusted with oxides. Fine surface structures can no longer be recognized. The component coated according to the invention, however, remained almost unchanged, minor surface defects can only be recognized by sharp edges, where the mold release agent could only burn into the surface to a lesser extent.
Beispiel 2Example 2
Auf ein Schmiedewerkzeug, dass eine Oberflächentemperatur von 200 °C aufweist, wird ein Formtrennmittel gesprüht, dass zu 85 % aus Wasser und zu 15 % aus Wachsen auf der Basis von Paraffinen besteht. Das Formtrennmittel trocknet zunächst auf dem Schmiedewerkzeug ein, was zu einer lokalen Fixierung des Formtrennmittels führt. Zur optimalen Fixierung wird eine Wartezeit von ca. 30 s eingelegt.A mold release agent is sprayed onto a forging tool that has a surface temperature of 200 ° C. It consists of 85% water and 15% waxes based on paraffins. The mold release agent first dries on the forging tool, which leads to local fixation of the mold release agent. A waiting time of approx. 30 s is inserted for optimal fixation.
Ein Aluminiumhalbzeug aus der Legierung AlMgSil wird auf ca. 370°C vorgewärmt und in dem Schmiedewerkzeug zu einem Aluminiumbauteil in Form einer Zugstrebe umgeformt. Während des Umformprozesses brennt ein Teil des Wachsbestandteiles des Formtrennmittels in die Oberfläche des Aluminiumbauteils ein. Auf der Oberfläche des Formwerkzeuges bleibt genügend Wachs zurück um das Entformen des Bauteils zu gewährleisten.An aluminum semi-finished product made of the AlMgSil alloy is preheated to approx. 370 ° C and formed into an aluminum component in the form of a tension strut in the forging tool. During the forming process, part of the wax component of the mold release agent burns into the surface of the aluminum component. Enough wax remains on the surface of the mold to ensure that the component is removed from the mold.
Es folgt ein Lösungsglühen des Bauteils bei 550 °C für 6 h an Luft. Durch diese Temperaturbehandlung erfolgte einer weiteres vertieftes Einbrennen des Wachses in die Oberfläche, wodurch die Wirkungsweise der Beschichtung noch verbessert werden konnte. Eine Zersetzung des Wachses konnte bei dieser Temperaturbehandlung nicht beobachtet werden. Durch die Beschichtung der Aluminiumoberfläche mit erfindungsgemäß eingebrannten Wachs ist diese vor Korrosion geschützt. Das Bauteil wird einem Korrosionstest analog dem aus Beispiel 1 unterzogen. Ein Vergleich mit einem unbeschichteten Bauteil der selben Bauart zeigt das selbe Ergebnis wie in Beispiel 1. This is followed by solution annealing of the component at 550 ° C for 6 h in air. This temperature treatment caused the wax to be burned further into the surface, which further improved the effectiveness of the coating. No decomposition of the wax could be observed with this temperature treatment. By coating the aluminum surface with baked wax according to the invention, it is protected against corrosion. The component is subjected to a corrosion test analogous to that from Example 1. A comparison with an uncoated component of the same type shows the same result as in example 1.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines metallischen Bauteils mit einer Korrosionsschutzschicht dadurch ge e nzeichnet, dass1. A method for coating a metallic component with a corrosion protection layer is characterized in that
• eine metallisches Formwerkzeug mindestens teilweise mit konzentriertem Formtrennmittel besprüht wird,A metallic mold is sprayed at least partially with concentrated mold release agent,
• das Bauteil in dem metallischen Formwerkzeug geformt wird,The component is molded in the metallic mold,
• das konzentrierte Formtrennmittel während des Erstarrens des Bauteils in eine Oberfläche des Bauteils eingebrannt wird.• The concentrated mold release agent is burned into a surface of the component during the solidification of the component.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Formwerkzeug eine Dauergießform, ein Schmiedewerkzeug, ein Presswerkzeug, ein Walzwerkzeug, ein Zugwerkzeug, ein Extrudierwerkzeug oder ein Strangpresswerkzeug verwendet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a permanent mold, a forging tool, a pressing tool, a rolling tool, a pulling tool, an extrusion tool or an extrusion tool is used as the molding tool.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Formgebungswerkzeug während der Formgebung eine Temperatur zwischen 80 °C und 400 °C bevorzugt zwischen 150°C und 250°C aufweist.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaping tool has a temperature between 80 ° C and 400 ° C, preferably between 150 ° C and 250 ° C during the shaping.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da durch gekennzeichnet, dass die organischen Stoffe des Formtrennmittels auf der Basis von Wachsen bestehen. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the organic substances of the mold release agent are based on waxes.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Leichtmetallbauteil direkt nach der Formgebung abgeschreckt wird.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the light metal component is quenched directly after the shaping.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Formwerkzeug vor und während des Formgebungsvorgang beheizt wird und das Formtrennmittel auf dem Formwerkzeug mindestens teilweise antrocknet.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mold is heated before and during the molding process and the mold release agent on the mold dries at least partially.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Bauteil aus Aluminium, Magnesium, Zink oder aus Legierungen dieser Metalle besteht. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the component consists of aluminum, magnesium, zinc or alloys of these metals.
EP01940517A 2000-05-26 2001-05-22 Method for coating a metallic component Expired - Lifetime EP1290243B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10026338 2000-05-26
DE10026338A DE10026338B4 (en) 2000-05-26 2000-05-26 Process for coating a metallic component
PCT/EP2001/005871 WO2001092600A1 (en) 2000-05-26 2001-05-22 Method for coating a metallic component

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US7025111B2 (en) 2006-04-11
US20040040686A1 (en) 2004-03-04
ES2222378T3 (en) 2005-02-01
DE10026338B4 (en) 2004-06-09
DE50103132D1 (en) 2004-09-09
WO2001092600A1 (en) 2001-12-06
EP1290243B1 (en) 2004-08-04
MXPA02011265A (en) 2003-04-25
DE10026338A1 (en) 2001-12-06

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