EP1287508B1 - Self-adjusting alarm device with low energy consumption - Google Patents

Self-adjusting alarm device with low energy consumption Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1287508B1
EP1287508B1 EP01936588A EP01936588A EP1287508B1 EP 1287508 B1 EP1287508 B1 EP 1287508B1 EP 01936588 A EP01936588 A EP 01936588A EP 01936588 A EP01936588 A EP 01936588A EP 1287508 B1 EP1287508 B1 EP 1287508B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
width
alarm
microprocessor
comparator
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1287508A1 (en
Inventor
François PHILIPPE
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F and F International Sarl
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F and F International Sarl
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
    • G08B13/1654—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems
    • G08B13/1681—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems using infrasonic detecting means, e.g. a microphone operating below the audible frequency range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices alarm capable of detecting pressure differences acoustics following untimely opening or the breaking of a door or a window and concerns in particular a very low self-regulating alarm device energy consumption.
  • the signal output of a microphone is first amplified, then, in general, compared to a reference voltage fixed in a comparator whose output can have two possible states according to the relative value of the signal from the microphone and the reference voltage.
  • These devices trigger the alarm under the effect of an aperiodic compression wave, while they are insensitive to a periodic signal such as an audible sound, the monitoring taking place in particular on the shape and the amplitude signals received.
  • the threshold adjustment sensitivity should be done manually, case by case.
  • a differential sound pressure detector has a sensitivity threshold permanently set to its value optimal by the microphone output signal which is function of atmospheric disturbances captured at the input microphone.
  • the device described in the patent EP 0.317.459 uses electronic components analog such as capacitors, resistors including specifications vary from component to component for the same type of component. This dispersion of characteristics for a given component, even if it is relatively small can cause deviations of important functioning between two devices in the measure the operation of the device results from the combination of a plurality of such components.
  • a such a device is generally powered continuously and therefore leads to excessive energy consumption due to fact that it is connected to the mains in a central wired alarm.
  • the object of the invention is to provide self-regulating alarm devices with deviations of insignificant operation from one device to another of the in particular that part of the functions of the device is produced by a microprocessor.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a alarm device of the above type having a very low energy consumption thanks to the use of a microprocessor.
  • the invention relates to a device alarm according to claim 1.
  • the signals received by a acoustic sensor 10 are transmitted on the one hand at the input + of a gain amplifier means constant 12 and on the other hand at the input + a means adjustable gain amplifier 14 via a resistor 16 connected to a voltage of 0.8 volts.
  • the amplifier means 12 is mainly composed an operational amplifier 13 comprising between its input - and its output a resistance (worth 3M ⁇ ) and a capacitor (with a value of 1nF) serving as feedback to limit the gain.
  • the entrance - is connected to the ground via an electrolytic capacitor preventing amplification of the resting voltage.
  • the amplifier means 14 is mainly composed an operational amplifier 15 comprising between its input - and its output a resistance (worth 4.7M ⁇ ) and a capacitor (with a value of 1nF) serving as feedback to limit the gain.
  • the input - is connected to the ground via an electrolytic capacitor 20 preventing amplification of the resting voltage and of a potentiometer 22 from 210 to 10 000 whose adjustment is made in depending on the room in which the device is installed alarm, the necessary gain of the amplifier means being the lower the said room is watertight on the plan acoustic.
  • the output of the amplifier means 12 is connected to the input + of a comparator 24 which has the function of transform the analog signal supplied by the means amplifier 12 into a binary signal whose width is depending on the size of the disturbance and that is transmitted to microprocessor 26 in order to self-regulate the alarm device.
  • the output of the amplifier means 14 is connected to the input + of a comparator 34 which transforms the signal analog supplied by the amplifier means 14 in a signal binary which is transmitted to microprocessor 26 for the purpose inform him of an untimely door opening or a breaking in.
  • microprocessor 26 transmits a signal to the alarm means 28 which is preferably a radio transmitter transmitting the alarm signal to the alarm center.
  • the microprocessor 26 is programmed to transmit a signal on its output 32 when it detects a digital signal of value 1 on its input 30 from comparator 24.
  • This signal is formed by pulses of variable width depending on the number and the width of the pulses of value 1 detected on entry 30. Indeed, assuming a sampling of a 150Hz frequency of this input, an input bit of a 15Hz frequency will therefore be sampled approximately 5 times if the received signal is a perfect sinusoid. Every sampling, the width of the pulse transmitted over the line 32 will be increased. In the same way this width is decreased each time the microprocessor detects the value 0 of the signal on line 30. So we see that the higher the the stronger the wind, the more the impulses transmitted at the output of the comparator 24 are wide and the more the pulse delivered on line 32 will also be wide. We thus obtain a pulse width modulation.
  • the pulse transmitted on line 32 charges more or minus the capacitor 38 (of value 1 ⁇ F) through the resistor 36 (of value 4.7 M ⁇ ) and provides a voltage of which the value depends on the width of the pulse supplied on the line 32.
  • the larger this pulse the higher the voltage supplied on the input - of comparator 34 is high and less is the sensitivity of comparator 34 to react to signal received from sensor 10 to trigger alarm 28.
  • the length of time the microprocessor 26 reacts to the presence of the atmospheric disturbance in transmitting increasingly large impulses to integrator 36-38 can be limited to a maximum value such as 10 or 20s.
  • a self-calibration of the device This takes place at the end of the phase initialization, after power up, and consists for the microprocessor to find the width of the signal 32 which allows for optimal sensitivity. By proceeding by successive adjustments of signal 32, it searches for the sensitivity threshold causing untimely triggering materialized by a permanent signal 32. Readjustments periodicals are however necessary due to possible thermal variations. For this, the microprocessor does this in two ways. Without incident, it recalculates the optimal signal width 32 (for example every 1 ⁇ 2 hour). In the event of an incident detected, it checks that it is not a trigger untimely by testing the sensitivity threshold before validate the incident.
  • FIG. 2 makes it possible to illustrate the value of the signals S 1 at the output of the amplifier means 12, S 2 at the output of the comparator 24, S 3 at the output of the comparator 34, S 4 on the output line 32, S 5 at the input of the comparator 34 and S 6 at the output of the microprocessor 26 towards the alarm 28, when 1) the device is at rest, 2) in the presence of an atmospheric disturbance and 3) in the presence of d 'a break-in.
  • the signal S 1 supplied by the amplifier means 12 has a constant value (0.8 volts) and the comparators 24 and 34 each provide an almost zero signal S 2 or S 3 .
  • the signal S 4 supplied by the microprocessor on line 32 is a regular signal which makes it possible to obtain a signal S 5 on the input - of the comparator equal to approximately 1 volt.
  • the signal S 3 being reduced to 0, it is the same for the alarm signal S 6 .
  • the signal S 1 supplied at the output of the amplifier means 12 becomes approximately sinusoidal and the signal S 2 supplied to the microprocessor is formed of pulses of variable width according to the importance of the disturbance.
  • the signal S 3 is still almost zero because the sensitivity threshold has been increased. Indeed, the existence of pulses S 2 leads to the generation by the microprocessor of pulses S 4 whose width depends on the width and the number of pulses S 2 , which results in a signal S 5 of higher voltage ( 2 volts in this case) at the input - of comparator 34. As before, the signal S 3 being reduced to 0, the same is true of the alarm signal S 6 .
  • the analysis of the width of the signal S 3 by the microprocessor could make it possible to differentiate the alarm signal supplied. It could thus be provided that if this width is between a minimum width and a maximum width, it is a shock (against a window for example) or an attempted break-in, while the break-in will not be proven that if this width is greater than the maximum width.
  • the comparator 24 could be replaced by an analog-to-digital converter making it possible to provide bit configurations associated with the signature of possible atmospheric disturbances, said configurations being analyzed and recognized by the microprocessor 26 before the latter transmits a signal S 4 on its output 32 which is a function of the detected disturbance.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns an acoustic pressure sensor (10) delivering an analog signal to first amplifying means (12) and to second amplifying means (14), a first comparator (34) whereof the input + is connected to the output of the second amplifying means and whereof the output delivers a warning signal to alarm means (26, 28) when there is a break-in or an attempt at breaking in, and self-adjusting means comprising a microprocessor (26) programmed to deliver a digital signal at the input - of said first comparator whereof the pulses have a variable width which increases in accordance with the duration and the importance of said atmospheric disturbance so as to automatically increase the alarm device triggering threshold and hence reduce its sensitivity when the acoustic sensor detects an atmospheric disturbance such as wind.

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne les dispositifs d'alarme capable de détecter les différences de pression acoustique consécutives à l'ouverture intempestive ou à l'effraction d'une porte ou d'une fenêtre et concerne en particulier un dispositif d'alarme autorégulé à très faible consommation d'énergie.The present invention relates to devices alarm capable of detecting pressure differences acoustics following untimely opening or the breaking of a door or a window and concerns in particular a very low self-regulating alarm device energy consumption.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Dans les dispositifs d'alarme de ce type, le signal de sortie d'un microphone est tout d'abord amplifié, puis, d'une manière générale, comparé à une tension de référence fixe dans un comparateur dont la sortie peut avoir deux états possibles suivant la valeur relative du signal provenant du microphone et de la tension de référence.In alarm devices of this type, the signal output of a microphone is first amplified, then, in general, compared to a reference voltage fixed in a comparator whose output can have two possible states according to the relative value of the signal from the microphone and the reference voltage.

Ces dispositifs déclenchent l'alarme sous l'effet d'une onde de compression apériodique, alors qu'ils sont insensibles à un signal périodique tel qu'un son audible, la surveillance s'opérant notamment sur la forme et l'amplitude des signaux captés.These devices trigger the alarm under the effect of an aperiodic compression wave, while they are insensitive to a periodic signal such as an audible sound, the monitoring taking place in particular on the shape and the amplitude signals received.

Dans la plupart des dispositifs de l'art antérieur destinés à prévenir les ouvertures intempestives de portes et fenêtres dans un local clos, le réglage du seuil de sensibilité doit être effectué manuellement, cas par cas.In most devices of the prior art intended to prevent untimely door openings and windows in a closed room, the threshold adjustment sensitivity should be done manually, case by case.

Ce réglage est étroitement lié, dans la pratique, aux éventuels défauts d'étanchéité du site concerné, ainsi qu'à l'excessive flexibilité de certains matériaux de construction utilisés, qui, en cas de vent violent, donnent naissance, par effet de poussée ou par infiltration, à des variations de pression à l'intérieur du local.This adjustment is closely linked, in practice, to any leaks on the site concerned, as well as the excessive flexibility of certain materials construction used, which, in strong winds, give birth, by pushing effect or by infiltration, to pressure variations inside the room.

Afin d'éviter tout risque de déclenchement d'alarme non motivé par une effraction, il convient de régler à une valeur relativement élevée le seuil de sensibilité de ces détecteurs, afin qu'ils ne prennent pas en compte ces perturbations atmosphériques aléatoires et fugitives, mais inévitables puisque conditionnées par la présence de vent violent. Un tel réglage s'effectue au détriment de l'efficacité du détecteur par temps calme.To avoid any risk of triggering an alarm not motivated by a break-in, it should be settled at a relatively high value the sensitivity threshold of these detectors, so that they don't take these random and fugitive atmospheric disturbances but inevitable since conditioned by the presence of wind violent. Such an adjustment is made at the expense of the effectiveness of the detector in calm weather.

Pour remédier à ces inconvénients, le demandeur avait mis au point un dispositif d'alarme à autorégulation décrit dans le brevet européen 0.317.459. Dans ce dispositif, un détecteur différentiel de pression acoustique comporte un seuil de sensibilité réglé en permanence à sa valeur optimale par le signal de sortie du microphone qui est fonction des perturbations atmosphériques captées à l'entrée du microphone.To remedy these drawbacks, the applicant had developed a self-regulating alarm device described in European patent 0.317.459. In this device, a differential sound pressure detector has a sensitivity threshold permanently set to its value optimal by the microphone output signal which is function of atmospheric disturbances captured at the input microphone.

Malheureusement le dispositif décrit dans le brevet EP 0.317.459 fait appel à des composants électroniques analogiques tels que des condensateurs, des résistances dont les caractéristiques varient d'un composant à l'autre pour un même type de composant. Cette dispersion des caractéristiques pour un composant donné, même si elle est relativement faible peut entraíner des écarts de fonctionnement importants entre deux dispositifs dans la mesure où le fonctionnement du dispositif résulte de la combinaison d'une pluralité de tels composants. En outre, un tel dispositif est généralement alimenté en permanence et entraíne donc une consommation d'énergie excessive due au fait qu'il est branché sur le secteur dans une centrale d'alarme filaire. Unfortunately the device described in the patent EP 0.317.459 uses electronic components analog such as capacitors, resistors including specifications vary from component to component for the same type of component. This dispersion of characteristics for a given component, even if it is relatively small can cause deviations of important functioning between two devices in the measure the operation of the device results from the combination of a plurality of such components. In addition, a such a device is generally powered continuously and therefore leads to excessive energy consumption due to fact that it is connected to the mains in a central wired alarm.

Il existe cependant des documents tels que les documents US-A-5.705.985, US-A- 5.084.696 ou EP-A-0.159.218 qui décrivent des dispositifs d'alarme dans lesquels les moyens de régulation sont constitués d'un convertisseur analogique/numérique et d'un microprocesseur, mais aucun de ces documents n'utilise la durée de la perturbation atmosphérique pour augmenter le seuil de sensibilité du dispositif d'alarme. However, there are documents such as documents US-A-5,705,985, US-A-5,084,696 or EP-A-0.159.218 which describe alarm devices in which the means of regulation consist of an analog / digital converter and of a microprocessor, but none of these documents uses the duration of the atmospheric disturbance to increase the alarm device sensitivity threshold.

Exposé de l'inventionStatement of the invention

C'est pourquoi le but de l'invention est de fournir des dispositifs d'alarme autorégulés présentant des écarts de fonctionnement insignifiants d'un dispositif à l'autre du fait notamment qu'une partie des fonctions du dispositif est réalisée par un microprocesseur.This is why the object of the invention is to provide self-regulating alarm devices with deviations of insignificant operation from one device to another of the in particular that part of the functions of the device is produced by a microprocessor.

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un dispositif d'alarme du type ci-dessus présentant une très faible consommation d'énergie grâce à l'utilisation d'un microprocesseur.Another object of the invention is to provide a alarm device of the above type having a very low energy consumption thanks to the use of a microprocessor.

Par conséquent, l'invention concerne un dispositif d'alarme selon la revendication 1. Consequently, the invention relates to a device alarm according to claim 1.

Description brève des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

Les buts, objets et autres caractéristiques de l'invention apparaítront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit faite en référence aux dessins dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma synoptique d'un dispositif d'alarme selon l'invention, et
  • la figure 2 est un diagramme représentant les signaux observés en différents points du dispositif lorsque celui-ci est au repos, lorsqu'il réagit à une perturbation atmosphérique et lorsqu'il est en présence d'une effraction.
    • The objects, objects and other characteristics of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description made with reference to the drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an alarm device according to the invention, and
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram representing the signals observed at different points of the device when it is at rest, when it reacts to an atmospheric disturbance and when it is in the presence of a break-in.

    • Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention

    En référence à la figure 1, les signaux reçus par un capteur acoustique 10 tel qu'un microphone sont transmis d'une part à l'entrée + d'un moyen amplificateur à gain constant 12 et d'autre part à l'entrée + d'un moyen amplificateur à gain réglable 14 par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance 16 connectée à une tension de 0,8 volt.Referring to Figure 1, the signals received by a acoustic sensor 10 such as a microphone are transmitted on the one hand at the input + of a gain amplifier means constant 12 and on the other hand at the input + a means adjustable gain amplifier 14 via a resistor 16 connected to a voltage of 0.8 volts.

    Le moyen amplificateur 12 est composé principalement d'un amplificateur opérationnel 13 comportant entre son entrée - et sa sortie une résistance (d'une valeur de 3MΩ) et un condensateur (d'une valeur de 1nF) servant de contre-réaction pour limiter le gain. L'entrée - est reliée à la masse par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur électrolytique empêchant l'amplification de la tension de repos.The amplifier means 12 is mainly composed an operational amplifier 13 comprising between its input - and its output a resistance (worth 3MΩ) and a capacitor (with a value of 1nF) serving as feedback to limit the gain. The entrance - is connected to the ground via an electrolytic capacitor preventing amplification of the resting voltage.

    Le moyen amplificateur 14 est composé principalement d'un amplificateur opérationnel 15 comportant entre son entrée - et sa sortie une résistance (d'une valeur de 4,7MΩ) et un condensateur (d'une valeur de 1nF) servant de contre-réaction pour limiter le gain. L'entrée - est connectée à la masse par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur électrolytique 20 empêchant l'amplification de la tension de repos et d'un potentiomètre 22 de 210 à 10 000 dont le réglage se fait en fonction du local dans lequel est installé le dispositif d'alarme, le gain nécessaire du moyen amplificateur étant d'autant moins élevé que ledit local est étanche sur le plan acoustique.The amplifier means 14 is mainly composed an operational amplifier 15 comprising between its input - and its output a resistance (worth 4.7MΩ) and a capacitor (with a value of 1nF) serving as feedback to limit the gain. The input - is connected to the ground via an electrolytic capacitor 20 preventing amplification of the resting voltage and of a potentiometer 22 from 210 to 10 000 whose adjustment is made in depending on the room in which the device is installed alarm, the necessary gain of the amplifier means being the lower the said room is watertight on the plan acoustic.

    La sortie du moyen amplificateur 12 est connectée à l'entrée + d'un comparateur 24 qui a pour fonction de transformer le signal analogique fourni par le moyen amplificateur 12 en un signal binaire dont la largeur est fonction de l'importance de la perturbation et qui est transmis au microprocesseur 26 dans le but d'autoréguler le dispositif d'alarme.The output of the amplifier means 12 is connected to the input + of a comparator 24 which has the function of transform the analog signal supplied by the means amplifier 12 into a binary signal whose width is depending on the size of the disturbance and that is transmitted to microprocessor 26 in order to self-regulate the alarm device.

    En fait, lorsque se produit une perturbation atmosphérique telle que du vent, cette perturbation induit un signal modulé à la sortie du moyen amplificateur 12, un tel signal ayant généralement une fréquence basse comprise entre 10 et 20Hz. Ce signal fourni à l'entrée + du comparateur 24 entraíne un signal de sortie numérique à la sortie 30 dudit comparateur et donc à l'entrée du microprocesseur 26. Ce dernier détectant une valeur 1 à la sortie 30 du comparateur 24 transmet alors, après une temporisation donnée, des impulsions numériques sur la ligne de sortie 32 qui ont pour but de diminuer la sensibilité du dispositif de manière à ne pas déclencher l'alarme de façon intempestive en cas de coup de vent comme on le verra par la suite. La valeur de la temporisation peut être fixée à 1s de sorte que si le signal reçu sur la ligne 30 dure moins que cette temporisation, le microprocesseur 26 ne prenne aucune mesure. In fact, when a disturbance occurs atmospheric such as wind, this disturbance induces a modulated signal at the output of the amplifier means 12, a such signal generally having a low frequency included between 10 and 20Hz. This signal supplied to the input + of the comparator 24 causes a digital output signal to the output 30 of said comparator and therefore at the input of microprocessor 26. The latter detecting a value 1 at the output 30 of comparator 24 then transmits, after a given time delay, digital pulses on the output line 32 which aim to decrease the sensitivity of the device so as not to trigger the alarm inadvertently in case of gale like we will see it later. The timeout value can be set to 1s so that if the signal received on the line 30 lasts less than this time delay, microprocessor 26 take no action.

    La sortie du moyen amplificateur 14 est connectée à l'entrée + d'un comparateur 34 qui transforme le signal analogique fourni par le moyen amplificateur 14 en un signal binaire qui est transmis au microprocesseur 26 dans le but de l'informer d'une ouverture de porte intempestive ou d'une effraction. Lorsqu'un signal correspondant à ce type d'événement est reconnu par le microprocesseur 26, celui-ci transmet un signal au moyen d'alarme 28 qui est de préférence un émetteur radio transmettant le signal d'alarme à la centrale d'alarme.The output of the amplifier means 14 is connected to the input + of a comparator 34 which transforms the signal analog supplied by the amplifier means 14 in a signal binary which is transmitted to microprocessor 26 for the purpose inform him of an untimely door opening or a breaking in. When a signal corresponding to this type event is recognized by microprocessor 26, the latter transmits a signal to the alarm means 28 which is preferably a radio transmitter transmitting the alarm signal to the alarm center.

    Comme on l'a vu précédemment, le microprocesseur 26 est programmé pour transmettre un signal sur sa sortie 32 lorsqu'il détecte un signal numérique de valeur 1 sur son entrée 30 en provenance du comparateur 24. Ce signal est formé d'impulsions de largeur variable dépendant du nombre et de la largeur des impulsions de valeur 1 détectées sur l'entrée 30. En effet, en supposant un échantillonnage d'une fréquence de 150Hz de cette entrée, un bit d'entrée d'une fréquence de 15Hz sera donc échantillonné environ 5 fois si le signal reçu est une sinusoïde parfaite. A chaque échantillonnage, la largeur de l'impulsion transmise sur la ligne 32 sera augmentée. De la même façon cette largeur est diminuée chaque fois que le microprocesseur détecte la valeur 0 du signal sur la ligne 30. On voit donc que plus le vent est fort, plus les impulsions transmises à la sortie du comparateur 24 sont larges et plus l'impulsion délivrée sur la ligne 32 sera large également. On obtient ainsi une modulation par largeur d'impulsion.As seen above, the microprocessor 26 is programmed to transmit a signal on its output 32 when it detects a digital signal of value 1 on its input 30 from comparator 24. This signal is formed by pulses of variable width depending on the number and the width of the pulses of value 1 detected on entry 30. Indeed, assuming a sampling of a 150Hz frequency of this input, an input bit of a 15Hz frequency will therefore be sampled approximately 5 times if the received signal is a perfect sinusoid. Every sampling, the width of the pulse transmitted over the line 32 will be increased. In the same way this width is decreased each time the microprocessor detects the value 0 of the signal on line 30. So we see that the higher the the stronger the wind, the more the impulses transmitted at the output of the comparator 24 are wide and the more the pulse delivered on line 32 will also be wide. We thus obtain a pulse width modulation.

    L'impulsion transmise sur la ligne 32 charge plus ou moins le condensateur 38 (de valeur 1µF) à travers la résistance 36 (de valeur 4,7 MΩ) et fournit une tension dont la valeur dépend de la largeur de l'impulsion fournie sur la ligne 32. Plus cette impulsion est large, plus la tension fournie sur l'entrée - du comparateur 34 est élevée et moins est grande la sensibilité du comparateur 34 à réagir au signal reçu du capteur 10 pour déclencher l'alarme 28. On doit noter que la durée pendant laquelle le microprocesseur 26 réagit à la présence de la perturbation atmosphérique en transmettant des impulsions de plus en plus larges vers l'intégrateur 36-38 peut être limitée à une valeur maximale telle que 10 ou 20s.The pulse transmitted on line 32 charges more or minus the capacitor 38 (of value 1µF) through the resistor 36 (of value 4.7 MΩ) and provides a voltage of which the value depends on the width of the pulse supplied on the line 32. The larger this pulse, the higher the voltage supplied on the input - of comparator 34 is high and less is the sensitivity of comparator 34 to react to signal received from sensor 10 to trigger alarm 28. On should note that the length of time the microprocessor 26 reacts to the presence of the atmospheric disturbance in transmitting increasingly large impulses to integrator 36-38 can be limited to a maximum value such as 10 or 20s.

    Avec l'autorégulation du seuil de sensibilité qui vient d'être d'écrit, on voit donc que si le vent se transforme en tempête, l'alarme ne se déclenche pas du fait que le seuil de sensibilité du comparateur 34 a été augmenté automatiquement auparavant.With the self-regulation of the sensitivity threshold which has just been written, so we see that if the wind turns into a storm, the alarm does not go off that the sensitivity threshold of comparator 34 has been increased automatically before.

    On doit noter que les contraintes de fabrication liées à la précision des composants mais aussi aux écarts thermiques imposent de prévoir une marge diminuant la sensibilité du dispositif pour ne pas risquer un déclenchement intempestif. C'est pourquoi, dans le mode de réalisation préféré, il est prévu une auto-calibration du dispositif. Celle ci a lieu à la fin de la phase d'initialisation, après la mise sous tension, et consiste pour le microprocesseur à rechercher la largeur du signal 32 qui permet d'avoir une sensibilité optimale. En procédant par ajustements successifs du signal 32, il recherche le seuil de sensibilité provoquant un déclenchement intempestif matérialisé par un signal 32 permanent. Des ré-ajustements périodiques sont toutefois nécessaires à cause des variations thermiques possibles. Pour cela, le microprocesseur procède de deux façons. En l'absence d'incident, il recalcule la largeur optimale du signal 32 (par exemple toutes les ½ heures). En cas d'incident détecté, il vérifie qu'il ne s'agit pas d'un déclenchement intempestif en testant le seuil de sensibilité avant de valider l'incident.It should be noted that the manufacturing constraints linked component precision but also deviations thermal require a margin decreasing the sensitivity of the device so as not to risk untimely triggering. Therefore, in the mode of preferred embodiment, a self-calibration of the device. This takes place at the end of the phase initialization, after power up, and consists for the microprocessor to find the width of the signal 32 which allows for optimal sensitivity. By proceeding by successive adjustments of signal 32, it searches for the sensitivity threshold causing untimely triggering materialized by a permanent signal 32. Readjustments periodicals are however necessary due to possible thermal variations. For this, the microprocessor does this in two ways. Without incident, it recalculates the optimal signal width 32 (for example every ½ hour). In the event of an incident detected, it checks that it is not a trigger untimely by testing the sensitivity threshold before validate the incident.

    Les diagrammes illustrés sur la figure 2 permettent d'illustrer la valeur des signaux S1 à la sortie du moyen amplificateur 12, S2 à la sortie du comparateur 24, S3 à la sortie du comparateur 34, S4 sur la ligne de sortie 32, S5 à l'entrée du comparateur 34 et S6 à la sortie du microprocesseur 26 vers l'alarme 28, lorsque 1) le dispositif est au repos, 2) en présence d'une perturbation atmosphérique et 3) en présence d'une effraction.The diagrams illustrated in FIG. 2 make it possible to illustrate the value of the signals S 1 at the output of the amplifier means 12, S 2 at the output of the comparator 24, S 3 at the output of the comparator 34, S 4 on the output line 32, S 5 at the input of the comparator 34 and S 6 at the output of the microprocessor 26 towards the alarm 28, when 1) the device is at rest, 2) in the presence of an atmospheric disturbance and 3) in the presence of d 'a break-in.

    Lorsqu'il n'y a pas de perturbation atmosphérique (diagramme 1) telle que du vent ni d'effraction, le signal S1 fourni par le moyen amplificateur 12 a une valeur constante (0,8 volt) et les comparateurs 24 et 34 fournissent chacun un signal S2 ou S3 quasiment nul. Dans ce cas, le signal S4 fourni par le microprocesseur sur la ligne 32 est un signal régulier qui permet d'obtenir un signal S5 sur l'entrée - du comparateur égal à environ 1 volt. Le signal S3 étant réduit à 0, il en est de même du signal d'alarme S6.When there is no atmospheric disturbance (diagram 1) such as wind or break-in, the signal S 1 supplied by the amplifier means 12 has a constant value (0.8 volts) and the comparators 24 and 34 each provide an almost zero signal S 2 or S 3 . In this case, the signal S 4 supplied by the microprocessor on line 32 is a regular signal which makes it possible to obtain a signal S 5 on the input - of the comparator equal to approximately 1 volt. The signal S 3 being reduced to 0, it is the same for the alarm signal S 6 .

    Si le vent se lève (diagramme 2) le signal S1 fourni à la sortie du moyen amplificateur 12 devient approximativement sinusoïdal et le signal S2 fourni au microprocesseur est formé d'impulsions d'une largeur variable selon l'importance de la perturbation. Le signal S3 est toujours quasiment nul du fait que le seuil de sensibilité a été augmenté. En effet, l'existence d'impulsions S2 entraíne la génération par le microprocesseur d'impulsions S4 dont la largeur dépend de la largeur et du nombre des impulsions S2, ce qui résulte en un signal S5 de tension plus élevée (2 volts dans le cas présent) à l'entrée - du comparateur 34. Comme précédemment, le signal S3 étant réduit à 0, il en est de même du signal d'alarme S6.If the wind picks up (diagram 2) the signal S 1 supplied at the output of the amplifier means 12 becomes approximately sinusoidal and the signal S 2 supplied to the microprocessor is formed of pulses of variable width according to the importance of the disturbance. The signal S 3 is still almost zero because the sensitivity threshold has been increased. Indeed, the existence of pulses S 2 leads to the generation by the microprocessor of pulses S 4 whose width depends on the width and the number of pulses S 2 , which results in a signal S 5 of higher voltage ( 2 volts in this case) at the input - of comparator 34. As before, the signal S 3 being reduced to 0, the same is true of the alarm signal S 6 .

    En présence d'une effraction (diagramme 3) le signal S1 est très important aussi bien en largeur qu'en amplitude mais sans être sinusoïdal. Le Signal S2 à la sortie du comparateur 24 comporte alors une importante largeur d'impulsion. Il en est de même du signal S3 à la sortie du comparateur 34, et ce, quel que soit le seuil de sensibilité fixé par l'entrée -. Par conséquent le signal S6 prend une valeur élevée après une temporisation prédéterminée et déclenche ainsi l'alarme 28. On doit noter que les signaux S4 et S5 ne revêtent aucune importance dans ce cas (ils sont représentés en pointillés) puisque l'effraction est bien plus importante que la perturbation éventuelle.In the presence of an intrusion (diagram 3) the signal S 1 is very important both in width and in amplitude but without being sinusoidal. Signal S 2 at the output of comparator 24 then has a large pulse width. The same applies to the signal S 3 at the output of the comparator 34, regardless of the sensitivity threshold fixed by the input -. Consequently the signal S 6 takes a high value after a predetermined time delay and thus triggers the alarm 28. It should be noted that the signals S 4 and S 5 are of no importance in this case (they are shown in dotted lines) since the housebreaking is far more important than eventual disturbance.

    On doit noter que l'analyse de la largeur du signal S3 par le microprocesseur pourrait permettre de différencier le signal d'alarme fourni. On pourrait ainsi prévoir que si cette largeur est comprise entre une largeur minimale et une largeur maximale, il s'agit d'un choc (contre une vitre par exemple) ou d'une tentative d'effraction, alors que l'effraction ne sera avérée que si cette largeur est supérieure à la largeur maximale.It should be noted that the analysis of the width of the signal S 3 by the microprocessor could make it possible to differentiate the alarm signal supplied. It could thus be provided that if this width is between a minimum width and a maximum width, it is a shock (against a window for example) or an attempted break-in, while the break-in will not be proven that if this width is greater than the maximum width.

    Des modifications peuvent être apportées à la description qui vient d'être faite sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention. Ainsi, on pourrait remplacer le comparateur 24 par un convertisseur analogique numérique permettant de fournir des configurations de bits associées à la signature des perturbations atmosphériques possibles, lesdites configurations étant analysées et reconnues par le microprocesseur 26 avant que ce dernier transmette un signal S4 sur sa sortie 32 qui soit fonction de la perturbation détectée.Modifications can be made to the description which has just been made without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, the comparator 24 could be replaced by an analog-to-digital converter making it possible to provide bit configurations associated with the signature of possible atmospheric disturbances, said configurations being analyzed and recognized by the microprocessor 26 before the latter transmits a signal S 4 on its output 32 which is a function of the detected disturbance.

    Claims (10)

    1. An alarm device comprising an acoustic pressure sensor (10) supplying an analog signal to a first amplifying means (12) on the one hand and to a second amplifying means (14) on the other hand, a first comparator (34) whereof the positive input is connected to the output of said second amplifying means and whereof the output delivers a warning signal to a programmed microprocessor (26) when there is a break-in or a break-in attempt, self-adjusting means responsive to an atmospheric disturbance such as wind having a sinusoidal representation, and comprising an analog-digital converter (24), the input of which is connected to the output of said first amplifying means to supply at the output a digital signal which varies in accordance with said atmospheric disturbance;
         said device being characterized in that said microprocessor (26) is programmed to deliver, in response to the detection of said digital signal supplied by said converter, a digital signal at the negative input of said first comparator, the pulses of which have a variable width which increases in accordance with the duration and the strength of said atmospheric disturbance so as to automatically increase the alarm device's triggering threshold and hence reduce its sensitivity when said acoustic sensor detects said atmospheric disturbance.
    2. The device according to claim 2, in which pulse conversion means (36, 38) connected to the negative input of said first comparator (34) supply a signal whose voltage varies according to the width vs time of said variable-width pulses.
    3. The device according to claim 3, in which said pulse conversion means include a capacitor (38) charged by said variable-width pulses by means of a resistor (36) in order to transform said variable-width pulses into a voltage signal, the value of which is proportional to their width vs time.
    4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which said analog-digital converter (24) delivers a configuration of bits associated with said disturbance and said microprocessor (26) is programmed to deliver an augmentation signal for the voltage applied to the negative input of said first comparator (34) in accordance with said configuration.
    5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which said analog-digital converter is a second comparator (24) that supplies pulses whose width varies in accordance with the magnitude of said atmospheric disturbance.
    6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which said alarm means include said microprocessor (26) programmed to supply a voltage signal (S6) in response to said alarm signal whose width vs time exceeds a predetermined threshold and an alarm means (28) which is activated upon detection of said voltage signal.
    7. The device according to claim 6, in which said alarm means (28) is activated differently depending upon whether the width of said alarm signal is between a minimum value and a maximum value indicating that a break-in attempt or impact has occurred, or said width is greater than said maximum value indicating that a break-in has occurred.
    8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which said second amplifying means (14) features an operational amplifier (15) and has variable gain owing to a potentiometer (22) connected between the ground and the - input of said operational amplifier, the setting of said potentiometer varying according to the room in which the alarm device is located.
    9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in which said microprocessor (26) searches, by successive adjustments, for the optimum width of said variable-width pulses causing untimely triggering represented by a permanent signal (32) at the time of device initialization.
    10. The device according to claim 9, in which said microprocessor (26) carries out periodic readjustments by recalculating said optimal width when no incident is detected or by checking that it is not an untimely triggering by testing the sensitivity threshold when an incident is detected.
    EP01936588A 2000-05-18 2001-05-18 Self-adjusting alarm device with low energy consumption Expired - Lifetime EP1287508B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR0006360 2000-05-18
    FR0006360A FR2809215B1 (en) 2000-05-18 2000-05-18 SELF-REGULATED ALARM DEVICE WITH VERY LOW ENERGY CONSUMPTION
    PCT/FR2001/001541 WO2001088870A1 (en) 2000-05-18 2001-05-18 Self-adjusting alarm device with low energy consumption

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1287508A1 EP1287508A1 (en) 2003-03-05
    EP1287508B1 true EP1287508B1 (en) 2004-09-01

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP01936588A Expired - Lifetime EP1287508B1 (en) 2000-05-18 2001-05-18 Self-adjusting alarm device with low energy consumption

    Country Status (9)

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    EP (1) EP1287508B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE275279T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU2001262464A1 (en)
    CA (1) CA2407117A1 (en)
    DE (1) DE60105289T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2228868T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2809215B1 (en)
    PT (1) PT1287508E (en)
    WO (1) WO2001088870A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR2842933B1 (en) * 2002-07-26 2004-11-19 F And F Internat DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE FALL OF A BODY IN A POOL

    Family Cites Families (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR2560701B1 (en) * 1984-03-05 1987-04-17 Sogesec Sarl DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ACCESS DETECTOR
    US5084696A (en) * 1991-01-24 1992-01-28 Aritech Corporation Signal detection system with dynamically adjustable detection threshold
    FR2694650A1 (en) * 1992-08-04 1994-02-11 Frizet Christian Parametric analyser for intruder detector using pressure sensor - includes microprocessor for memorising and comparing signals in order to set detection thresholds and sense abnormal signals
    EP0726548B1 (en) * 1995-02-13 2004-07-21 Siemens Building Technologies AG Sonic detector for monitoring intrusions
    FR2770670A1 (en) * 1997-11-03 1999-05-07 Omega Conception Et Systeme Sound detector alarm

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    Publication number Publication date
    WO2001088870A1 (en) 2001-11-22
    EP1287508A1 (en) 2003-03-05
    CA2407117A1 (en) 2001-11-22
    FR2809215A1 (en) 2001-11-23
    FR2809215B1 (en) 2004-09-10
    ATE275279T1 (en) 2004-09-15
    DE60105289D1 (en) 2004-10-07
    ES2228868T3 (en) 2005-04-16
    DE60105289T2 (en) 2005-09-01
    PT1287508E (en) 2005-01-31
    AU2001262464A1 (en) 2001-11-26

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