EP1287338A1 - Opto-electronic sensor - Google Patents
Opto-electronic sensorInfo
- Publication number
- EP1287338A1 EP1287338A1 EP01927600A EP01927600A EP1287338A1 EP 1287338 A1 EP1287338 A1 EP 1287338A1 EP 01927600 A EP01927600 A EP 01927600A EP 01927600 A EP01927600 A EP 01927600A EP 1287338 A1 EP1287338 A1 EP 1287338A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light
- optoelectronic sensor
- sensor according
- optode
- optode material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
- G01N21/783—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour for analysing gases
Definitions
- the invention is based on an optoelectronic sensor according to the category of the independent claim.
- MIRE Multiple Internal Reflection
- ATR Analog Total Reflection
- Another measurement method is the transmission measurement.
- An absorption change is also measured here. Light passes through a membrane that comes into contact with the analyte, the absorption of the membrane being changed as a function of the analyte.
- the analyte can be determined by comparison measurement with and without analyte. If necessary, a rinse solution can be used to remove the analyte from the membrane between measurements.
- the optoelectronic sensor according to the invention with the features of the independent claim has the advantage that the light does not have to be coupled into the optode under total reflection, so that the light is coupled into the optode at any angle, since the optode has a mirror that the light at the edge of the optode reflects back into the optode.
- the measurement result of the gas to be analyzed, which penetrates the optode can be determined immediately by means of the light-sensitive sensors.
- the increased measuring sensitivity can advantageously be used to identify early stages of jaundice in infants simply and quickly, the carbon monoxide content in the exhaled air of the infants being examined. If the carbon monoxide content exceeds 1.8 ppm, a possible jaundice disease is indicated.
- the optoelectronic transmitter according to the invention immediately delivers a measurement result and timely, life-saving treatment can be initiated.
- the measures and further developments listed in the dependent claims permit advantageous improvements of the optoelectronic sensor specified in the independent claim.
- the mirror on the outside of the optode material is realized by embedded metal particles. This method is simple and can be easily integrated into the manufacturing process of the optoelectronic sensor.
- covering the optode material with an opaque material prevents light from being emitted by scattered light. This reduces the effect of stray light on the measurement to be carried out and thus increases the measuring accuracy.
- the optode material is a polymer to which an indicator substance is added.
- the use of a polymer with an indicator substance enables simple manufacture and application of the optode material to the semiconductor substrate.
- dye molecules are present in the indicator substance, which lead to gas-dependent absorption of the injected light.
- an absorption dependent on the gas type is advantageously represented in a reversible manner, which absorption is then used to determine the gas concentration on the basis of the measured absorption.
- the opaque material is designed as a polymer, as a result of which the opaque manufacturing process is carried out Layer is adapted to the manufacturing process of the optodes. This simplifies the overall production.
- Optode material are arranged in a sector-like manner in a centrally symmetrical manner around the light transmitter. The light emitted by the light transmitter is thus distributed uniformly and used for measurement in the different sections covered with optode material.
- a chip forming the optoelectronic sensor can therefore be square, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-sided or also circular.
- such an optoelectronic sensor can also contain fewer or more than four transmission branches.
- the light transmitter is preferably a light-emitting diode (LED), but several LEDs can also be applied to delimit the wavelength.
- the optode material is designed for the detection of nitrogen oxides, so that these gases, which characterize a fire, are quantitatively detected by the fire detector which has the optoelectronic sensor. This enables early fire detection due to the high measuring sensitivity of the optoelectronic sensor according to the invention.
- the sensor according to the invention is provided with oxidizing agents which are applied to a carrier material, so that damage to the sensor according to the invention by sulfur dioxide is avoided.
- the sensor according to the invention it is possible for the sensor according to the invention to have a molecular sieve which filters out undesired gases.
- the individual transmission branches are separated by barriers, so that the individual transmission branches are not optically influenced by scattered light emerging from the optode material.
- the height of these barriers can be chosen approximately equal to the height of the central light sensor.
- all parts of the chip that are not sensitive to light - if necessary - can be mirrored, including the side walls of the barriers.
- Metallization preferably gold, is advantageously used for this purpose.
- the light transmitter is operated with pulses, so that the power consumption of the sensor according to the invention is reduced.
- the optoelectronic sensor according to the invention has feed lines which drive the light transmitter and the light-sensitive sensors or tap the measurement signals.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through the optoelectronic sensor according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a schematic representation of the optoelectronic sensor according to the invention.
- Optoelectronic sensors in particular if they are manufactured on a semiconductor basis, have the advantage that they have very small dimensions.
- an optode material through which light is radiated to quantitatively determine a gas concentration by means of absorption in the optode material
- the interaction of the gas with the optode material i.e. the absorption of light
- a measure of the length the light travels through the optode material The longer the path, the more often light is attenuated by gas-dependent absorption of the optode material. It is therefore a goal to increase the light path in an optode material.
- the total reflection in an optode material e.g.
- Polymer is allowed only a certain angle at which the light must at least be coupled in, so that the light is not coupled out of the optode again. Steeper angles, which lead to a longer optical path, then no longer maintain the angle for total reflection, and the light is coupled out of the optode.
- the optode material is therefore provided with a mirror on the outer edge, so that almost any coupling angle of the light is possible and thus longer optical paths which the light travels through the optode material.
- the optode material itself is a polymer carrier material that at least one indicator substance from the group of compounds consisting of azobenzenes, acetophenones, corrins, porphyrins, phthalocyanines, macrolides, porphyrinogens, nonactin, valinomycin and / or their complexes with transition metals of the first, second and fifth to eighth subgroups.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a schematic illustration of the optoelectronic sensor according to the invention.
- a light transmitter 1 is placed in the middle.
- the light transmitter 1 is a light-emitting diode (LED).
- LED light-emitting diode
- a laser diode or small lamps or other light sources can also be used.
- Two light beams 2 and 3 emerging from the light transmitter 1 are represented here. It is therefore sufficient to limit yourself to the geometric optics. In fact, the light transmitter 1 emits light beams at many other angles.
- the light transmitter is operated with electrical pulses to reduce the power consumption. This means that only light pulses are sent. In addition to the lower power consumption, the use of pulses has the advantage that the influence of thermal effects is reduced.
- a frequency suitable for the pulses, depending on the light transmitter used, is selected.
- the light beams 2 and 3 strike the outer edge of the optode material 4, which is on the light transmitter 1 a semiconductor substrate 10 and on photosensitive sensors 6, at an angle which is smaller than the angle required for total reflection. This makes the optical path of the light beams 2 and 3 longer than if they were in the condition of total reflection
- Optode material 4 would be coupled. Since the optode material 4 is located directly on the light transmitter 1, direct coupling of the light is guaranteed.
- the optode material 4 is here as shown above
- An optode denotes an optical sensor.
- the optode material 4 is designed as a light guide through which light is guided, the absorption of the light by this light guide being determined by a gas concentration.
- the absorption behavior for the corresponding gases is set, for example for carbon onoxide or nitrogen oxides.
- the optode material 4 is also referred to here as a membrane since it is applied as such to the light transmitter 1, the semiconductor substrate 10 and the light-sensitive sensors 6. In order to avoid coupling out light from the optode material 4, is located on the
- Optode material 4 a mirror 5.
- the mirror 5 reflects the rays back into the optode material 4.
- the mirror 5 is realized here by means of metal particles embedded in the polymer for the optode material 4.
- vapor deposition of the optode material 4 is also possible with a metal film, wherein a metal film can also be applied with a coating technique.
- the admission of metal particles into the polymer of the optode material 4 in order to realize the mirror enables the production of the mirror to be realized with the application of the optode material.
- the polymer of the optode material 4 is applied in a liquid state to the light guide 1, the semiconductor substrate 10 and the light-sensitive sensors 6.
- the polymer is converted into a solid state by drying and / or heating.
- the opaque layer 9 has the task of blocking light that was not reflected back into the optode material 4 by the mirror 5, so that the measurement of the gas concentration is not is distorted by escaping scattered light.
- the opaque layer 9 is designed in such a way that it is inert to the optode material 4, that is to say it does not react with it or change its properties.
- the optode material 4 is rounded off at the end in the case of the light-sensitive sensors 6 in order to achieve better coupling into the light-sensitive sensors.
- the LED 1 as a light transmitter is produced either by diffusion of dopants or by applying the LED 1 to the semiconductor substrate 10.
- the light-sensitive sensors 6 are also made possible by a diffusion of dopants at the locations where the light-sensitive sensors 6 are to be produced.
- the components are then manufactured using standard technology steps in silicon semiconductor technology such as photolithography, etching, passivation and metallization.
- 10 n-type silicon is present as the semiconductor substrate.
- acceptors are diffused into the places where the photosensitive sensors 6 are to be manufactured. Since this is silicon, can Boron can be used as an acceptor. The acceptors can also be implanted here.
- compound semiconductors which may be more suitable for light-emitting components.
- compound semiconductors include arsenides, phosphides, nitrides, antimonides and silicon carbide.
- the opaque polymer 9, the mirror 5 and the optode material 4 are permeable to the gases to be measured.
- FIG. 2 shows a top view of a schematic illustration of the optoelectronic sensor according to the invention.
- the light transmitter 1 is located in the center of the sensor.
- transmission arms 8 lead to the light-sensitive sensors 6.
- Barriers 7 lie between the transmission arms 8 in order to prevent crosstalk by scattered light.
- more than four transmission arms can be used, and fewer transmission arms are also possible.
- the transmission arms 8, which form the membrane of the optode material have a length of 600 to 1200 micrometers and a width of 280 micrometers and a thickness of 10
- the distance between the light transmitter 1 and the light-sensitive sensors 6 should be as small as possible in order to minimize the maximum light output that can be applied. This also saves chip area. at Given these dimensions, the optical path is then maximized according to the invention.
- the barriers 7 can be produced from semiconductor material that does not assume an electrical function in isolation.
- the barriers 7 can additionally be provided with a metal layer in order to reflect scattered light.
- the barriers 7 can also be made of metal or a dielectric material. Since the barriers 7 are intended to prevent crosstalk between the transmission arms, the barriers 7 are at least as high as the LED 1.
- the light transmitter 1 and the light-sensitive sensors 6 are supplied by central voltage or current sources.
- the output signals from the light sensors 6, which carry the measurement signals, are routed to amplifiers.
- the measurement signals are amplified for better evaluation by the amplifiers which are connected to the optoelectronic sensors according to the invention.
- the optoelectronic sensor can also be used in a fire detector, preferably nitrogen dioxide and / or carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide being detected as a fire-indicating gas, this sensor must also be protected against harmful gases.
- a harmful gas is primarily sulfur dioxide.
- sulfur dioxide irreversibly damage the optode material.
- the oxidizability of S0 2 to S0 3 is used to separate sulfur dioxide and the gases to be measured, such as CO or C0 2 .
- Sulfur trioxide is no longer a problem as a noxious gas.
- Potassium permanganate is used here as an oxidizing agent, but other oxidizing agents such as chromates can also be used.
- C0 2 and S0 2 Another possibility of separating C0 2 and S0 2 is the molecular sieve. Since C0 2 and S0 2 differ significantly in terms of their spatial structure, they are adsorbed differently by the molecular sieve.
- a molecular sieve has an arrangement consisting of tubes which are coated on their inner walls with oxidizing agents.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10018550A DE10018550C2 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2000-04-14 | Optoelectronic sensor and its use |
DE10018550 | 2000-04-14 | ||
PCT/DE2001/001148 WO2001079819A1 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2001-03-24 | Opto-electronic sensor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1287338A1 true EP1287338A1 (en) | 2003-03-05 |
Family
ID=7638759
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01927600A Withdrawn EP1287338A1 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2001-03-24 | Opto-electronic sensor |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6822215B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1287338A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100401040C (en) |
DE (1) | DE10018550C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001079819A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004015439A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-06-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Apparatus for detecting gas (especially carbon dioxide) concentration has a reflector together with a single chip carrying both the radiation source and the receiver |
DE102004057609B4 (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2006-10-19 | Lavision Gmbh | Device for determining laser-induced emission of electromagnetic radiation from gases in a hollow body, fluids and mixtures thereof |
DE102006054165B3 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2008-04-17 | Tyco Electronics Raychem Gmbh | Optical sensor i.e. hydrogen sensor, arrangement for detecting hydrogen in gaseous measuring medium, has transducer designed such that physical characteristic is changed in response to presence and/or concentration of analyte |
CN102439422B (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2016-05-18 | 3M创新有限公司 | For detection of photoelectric method and the device of analyte |
US8558156B2 (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2013-10-15 | The Boeing Company | Device for capturing and preserving an energy beam which penetrates into an interior of said device and method therefor |
WO2014055562A1 (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2014-04-10 | Justin Payne | Method of monolithically integrated optoelectrics |
CN104280343B (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2018-03-02 | 青岛中一监测有限公司 | A kind of gas sensor and environment monitoring sensor for environment monitoring sensor |
EP4043867A1 (en) * | 2016-02-11 | 2022-08-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method of detecting a target gas employing a probing film that absorbs and reacts with gases, with transmitted light for higher gas sensitivity |
CN108885177B (en) | 2016-02-11 | 2021-08-10 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Detection membrane for absorbing and reacting with gases at different wavelengths of light to obtain higher gas sensitivity |
EP3676600A4 (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2021-05-05 | Tampereen korkeakoulusäätiö sr | Optical sensor |
DE102018200615A1 (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2019-07-18 | Osram Gmbh | Method for detecting a gas and gas detection system |
US11760170B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-09-19 | Denso International America, Inc. | Olfaction sensor preservation systems and methods |
US12017506B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2024-06-25 | Denso International America, Inc. | Passenger cabin air control systems and methods |
US11636870B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-04-25 | Denso International America, Inc. | Smoking cessation systems and methods |
US11881093B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2024-01-23 | Denso International America, Inc. | Systems and methods for identifying smoking in vehicles |
US11932080B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2024-03-19 | Denso International America, Inc. | Diagnostic and recirculation control systems and methods |
US11828210B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-11-28 | Denso International America, Inc. | Diagnostic systems and methods of vehicles using olfaction |
US11760169B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-09-19 | Denso International America, Inc. | Particulate control systems and methods for olfaction sensors |
US11813926B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-11-14 | Denso International America, Inc. | Binding agent and olfaction sensor |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5039491A (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1991-08-13 | Metricor, Inc. | Optical oxygen sensor |
US5822483A (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 1998-10-13 | Fibotech, Inc. | Double impact mounted ferrule for fiberoptic connector |
US5822473A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1998-10-13 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Integrated microchip chemical sensor |
DE19741335C1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-06-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Sensor membrane of an optode and method, device and its use for the determination of gases in gas mixtures |
DE19835769C2 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2002-10-24 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Optoelectronic gas sensor based on optodes |
DE19845553C2 (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2003-10-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | fire alarm |
-
2000
- 2000-04-14 DE DE10018550A patent/DE10018550C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-03-24 US US10/018,203 patent/US6822215B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-24 CN CNB018009174A patent/CN100401040C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-24 WO PCT/DE2001/001148 patent/WO2001079819A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-03-24 EP EP01927600A patent/EP1287338A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0179819A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10018550C2 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
US20020148948A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
US6822215B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 |
DE10018550A1 (en) | 2001-10-25 |
CN100401040C (en) | 2008-07-09 |
WO2001079819A1 (en) | 2001-10-25 |
CN1366605A (en) | 2002-08-28 |
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Legal Events
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: HENSEL, ANDREAS |
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RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
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Effective date: 20050906 |
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Effective date: 20130423 |