EP1284339A1 - Annular cover plate system for gas turbine rotors - Google Patents

Abstract

Covering ring system for gas turbine blade plates comprises ring segments (1) having grooves (10-13) in the front edge surfaces (6, 7), and strip-like sealing plates. The ring segments are securely positioned between adjacent segments leaving gaps to prevent axial displacement of blades inserted in a blade plate and are secured to prevent radial displacement. The sealing plates are inserted and fixed in the grooves of adjacent ring segments to seal the gaps. <??>Preferred Features: The ring segments have a cross-section extending from the inner to the outer periphery in the axial direction. The ring segments have a number of grooves in the front edge surfaces. The grooves intersect and at least partly form a ring segment outer surface.

Description

The present invention relates to a cover ring system for Blade disks of gas turbines.

In the area of gas turbines, the blades of the turbine area against axial displacement in the axial vane holding grooves of the blade disks are secured. Farther need to supply the blades with cooling air and beyond be sealed axially to the front and back. The term Blade disks in the sense of the present invention relates refer to all types of blade arrangements, i.e. disks, Wreaths, support ring systems and the like. Still is embodied and characterized the invention in relation to gas turbines, however, that refers to corresponding energy-producing Turbomachinery.

It is known in the prior art to use these three different ones Solve tasks through three independent systems. In The blade disks are radial disk bores for supplying cooling air arranged. Front and / or rear cover plates are used for sealing and locking pins or locking plates secure the blades against axial displacement. This structure enables maintenance and replacement work individual blades or groups of blades, without the rotor unstacking.

It is also known to perform all three functions through a cantilever to fulfill so-called coverplates, which are is a 360 ° full ring. This is on the blade disc the blades are securely arranged, seals and enables cooling air supply through profiling and drilling. The disadvantage, however, is that to carry out of maintenance and exchange work on individuals Shovels or groups of blades of the runners completely unstacked must become. However, this is for stationary gas turbines economically intolerable.

Starting from the known prior art, the invention has for its object to provide a cover ring system for blade disks of gas turbines, with which the required functions, namely blade shear, cooling air supply and seal can be performed and which carry out maintenance and replacement work on individual blades or blade groups without Unstacking of the runner enables.

For the technical solution to this problem, the invention proposes a cover ring system for blade disks of gas turbines, consisting of ring segments with grooves arranged in the end edge surfaces, and of strip-shaped sealing plates, the ring segments being left in these blades with gaps between adjacent segments on a blade disk Axial displacement can be securely positioned and even secured against radial displacement, and the sealing plates can be inserted and fixed in the grooves of adjacent ring segments in a sealing manner.

The use of ring segments that are separate on the blade disc can be arranged, causes at the separation points Gap additionally sealed by sealing plates become. The ring segments are essentially mutually related same and have one from the inner to the outer circumference Axial direction extending cross section, d. i.e., are in Contoured axial direction. Thus, cooling air holes and Guided tours are trained. Can advantageously the segments have ribs. For easy attachment of the segments on the blade disks, have the segments in the area of the inner circumference according to one advantageous proposal of the invention an undercut Ring groove on, which is substantially parallel to the inner Circumferential edge runs. The undercut enables one Insertion into appropriate hook designs on the pane, for example an annular hook projection. Insertion of the ring segment on the disc is then done by radial Push inwards, push the segment axially to the disc and pulling radially outwards to catch. Dismantling is done by pushing radially inwards for the end hook, pull it off axially until the notch is released Hooking and then radial removal of the segments. This Installation option allows the blades to be individually or to make them freely accessible in groups. About these movements To make it feasible, the seals of the gap can also be dismantled.

According to an advantageous proposal of the invention in the End edges of the ring segments are formed grooves. In these grooves Adjoining ring segments are then inserted. A plurality of grooves are advantageous trained who intersect. The sealing plates to be inserted thus cross each other. Preferably the grooves led to an outer surface to push in and pull out of the sealing plates in the gap area to be able to.

The sealing plates according to the invention in their dimensions the groove lengths on the one hand and the gap widths on the other. That is, the sealing plates are so wide that they Cover gaps can be inserted into the grooves of adjacent segments are, and so long that they are complete without protruding are mountable. Furthermore, the sealing plates according to an advantageous proposal of the invention notches to cross over when inserting into intersecting grooves to enable the sealing plates, so that the Secure the sealing plates to one another.

To move the assembled ring segments relative to To be able to avoid blade disc in the radial direction proposed with the invention in one in the ring segments trained through hole to insert a safety bolt, in a corresponding hole in the blade disc is used. Advantageously, the Through hole arranged so that it from one to one Groove inserted sealing plate at least partially covered becomes. In this way, one of the sealing plates can Bolt locks are used. It is then sufficient for one Most sealing plates the last one in the area of a protrusion to bend on the surface of the ring segment and secure with it. The remaining sealing plates then secure themselves each other and beyond the safety bolt for that Ring segment. In this way, without further assembly means, Fasteners and the like an easy attachment done, just a simple release, since only the sheet is bent back or must be pulled, the remaining sealing plates are to be pulled, the safety bolt is to be pulled and then it is possible to unhook and remove the ring segment. A appropriate assembly is just as easy.

The invention makes it simple and economical to set up Cover ring system for blade disks of gas turbines provided, which on the one hand with very few parts on the other hand the possibilities of blade cooling, the bucket lock and the seal combine and nevertheless maintenance and exchange work on individual Allow blades or blade groups without destacking the rotor. Because of the use of very few parts have significant economic advantages over all known solutions.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische schematisierte Ansicht eines Ringsegmentes;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Draufsicht auf die Anordnung von zwei Ringsegmenten auf eine Scheibe;

Fig. 3a) bis d)

perspektivische Darstellungen von Abdichtblechen und

Fig. 4

eine schematisierte Ansicht gemäß Fig. 1 mit eingesetzten Abdichtblechen.

Further advantages and features of the invention result from the following description with reference to the figures. Show:

Fig. 1

a perspective schematic view of a ring segment;

Fig. 2

a schematic plan view of the arrangement of two ring segments on a disc;

3a) to d)

perspective representations of sealing plates and

Fig. 4

a schematic view of FIG. 1 with inserted sealing plates.

In the figures, the same elements have the same reference symbols Mistake.

The ring segment 1 shown in Fig. 1 has an outer circumference 2 and an inner circumference 3. In between is the ring area with an axial extension 4, d. H. a sufficient one Thickness on the one hand and a desired contouring on the other hand for the desired purpose of flow guidance. In the exemplary embodiment shown, ribs 5 are on one surface of the ring segment. Furthermore, the Ring segments over front edges 6 and 7.

In the area of the inner circumference 3 there is a segment course following groove 8 formed, which is an undercut Groove acts to hook in this way a corresponding hook ring of a disc, not shown to enable.

Grooves 10, 11, 12 and 13 are formed in the front edges 6 and 7, that intersect at appropriate points and moreover, if reasonable, opened to the surface are carried out. These opening areas are exemplary designated 14, 15, 16. But there are also other opening areas in the area of other grooves or in other places.

There is still a hole in the area of the inner circumference 9 formed, which as a through hole for insertion a locking pin is suitable. This hole intersects with the groove 13, which at least partially bores the hole covered.

2 schematically shows how two ring segments 1 on a disc 17 leaving a gap 18 are positioned.

3a to 3d show exemplary embodiments for sealing sheets, which together form a system in the adjacent grooves Ring segments are insertable, in such a way that they secure each other. To this end, the Sealing plates 19, 20, 21 and 22 notches 23, 24, 25, 26 and, if necessary, others.

The arrangement of the sealing plates is purely schematic in FIG. 4 shown in the grooves of a ring segment 1 shown. First for example, the sheets 20, 21 are attached, then the sheets 19 and 22. The sheet 22 is in the area 27 provided with a bend and thus secured to the ring segment. The sheet 21 at least partially covers the bore 9 and thus secures the attached safety bolt, not shown against axial movement or against falling out. The overall system of mutually securing individual elements can be assembled in the simplest way.

First, a ring segment becomes radially parallel to a disc shifted inwards, then pressed axially against the disc and then pulled radially outward to align with the Groove 8 on a corresponding hook element of the disc snag. There will then be a locking pin, not shown in the hole 9 inserted in a corresponding Bore of the disc, not shown, to be used. It then, if necessary, further locking pins in comparable Bores of the ring segment used and finally assembled the remaining ring segments. Then there will be in the gap areas the sealing plates secure each other and finally the last sealing plate with a bend secured. At the same time through one of the sealing plates Securing bolt secured. It is therefore a complete one Sealing ring, the blades in the area of the blade grooves securing and created for the supply of cooling air. By simple Leave the sealing plates and the locking pin pulled disassemble individual ring segments and thus make individual blade areas accessible.

The exemplary embodiment described serves only for explanation and is not restrictive. In particular, the shape of the sealing plates, their latches and the securing of the Sheets can be changed according to needs. For example V-shaped gaps arise and the locking washers accordingly have trapezoidal surface contours. The fuse can also be done with securing elements and the like. The notches can also be designed as required his. Finally, the securing of the disks can vary be, the one inserted into the through hole Locking pin represents an embodiment which can be changed as required.

Claims (13)

Cover ring system for blade disks of gas turbines, consisting from ring segments (1) with in the front edge surfaces (6, 7) arranged grooves (10, 11, 12, 13), and from strip-shaped Sealing plates (19, 20, 21, 22), the ring segments (1) leaving gaps (18) between adjacent ones Segments (1) on a blade disk inserted into this Buckets can be positioned to prevent axial displacement and can even be secured against radial displacement, and that Sealing plates (19, 20, 21, 22) sealing the gap (18) in the grooves of adjacent ring segments (1) can be inserted and fixed are. Cover ring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring segments (1) have a cross section (4) extending from the inner to the outer circumference in the axial direction. Cover ring system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring segments (1) have a plurality of grooves (10, 11, 12, 13) in the end edge surfaces (6, 7). Cover ring system according to claim 3, characterized in that the grooves (10, 11, 12, 13) intersect and are at least partially guided to an outer surface of the ring segment. Cover ring system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring segments (1) have radially extending ribs (5). Cover ring system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring segments (1) have a radially extending undercut groove (8) in the region of the inner circumference (3). Cover ring system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring segments have through bores (9) in the region lying on the inner circumference (3). Cover ring system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the sealing plates (19, 20, 21, 22) in coordination with the assigned grooves (10, 11, 12, 13) and in width in coordination with the course of the gap ( 18) are dimensioned. Cover ring system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing plates have notches (24, 25, 26). Cover ring system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing plates (19, 20, 21, 22) can be used to seal the gaps (18) in the grooves (10, 11, 12, 13) of adjacent ring segments (1) in such a way that secure each other by overlapping the notches (24, 25, 26). Cover ring system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises securing bolts which can be inserted into the through bores (9) of the ring segments (1) to secure them against radial displacement. Cover ring system according to claim 11, characterized in that the securing bolt can be inserted into a through hole (9) in such a way that it is countered by a sealing plate (19, 20, 21, 22) pushed into a corresponding groove (10, 11, 12, 13) Axial displacement can be secured. Cover ring system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring segments with the undercut groove formed on the inner circumferential area are hooked into corresponding circumferential hook configurations of a blade disk while leaving radially running gaps and are secured against radial displacement by bolts inserted through the through holes in holes in the blade disk the radially extending sealing plates overlap each other in the area of notches and are used to secure each other, at least one plate closing a through hole and securing the bolt against axial displacement, and at least one plate being secured against displacement by bending, and thus fixing the entire sealing plate assembly.

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