EP1277545B1 - Apparatus for finishing workpieces - Google Patents

Apparatus for finishing workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1277545B1
EP1277545B1 EP02012025A EP02012025A EP1277545B1 EP 1277545 B1 EP1277545 B1 EP 1277545B1 EP 02012025 A EP02012025 A EP 02012025A EP 02012025 A EP02012025 A EP 02012025A EP 1277545 B1 EP1277545 B1 EP 1277545B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring device
force
spindle unit
motor spindle
slide
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EP02012025A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1277545A3 (en
EP1277545A2 (en
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Thielenhaus Technologies GmbH
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Thielenhaus Technologies GmbH
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Publication of EP1277545A3 publication Critical patent/EP1277545A3/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B35/00Machines or devices designed for superfinishing surfaces on work, i.e. by means of abrading blocks reciprocating with high frequency
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/16Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for finish machining of workpieces that have a feed device with a carriage and an NC-controlled drive, one Motor spindle unit with a motor driven Tool spindle and a force measuring device for measuring the at a workpiece machining on the tool spindle having acting pressure.
  • Such a device is known from US 5 072 550 A.
  • the motor spindle unit is mounted on the carriage and the piezoelectric force measuring device is between the Motor spindle unit and the carriage arranged.
  • the invention is based on the object, a device to specify the finish machining of workpieces that force-controlled infeed movements with sensitively adjustable and precisely maintained pressure force allows.
  • the object is in a device of the beginning described structure according to the invention achieved in that the motor spindle unit with resilient elements that the Take the weight of the motor spindle unit and only in Machining direction are movable on the carriage is stored and that the force measuring device between Connection elements on the motor spindle unit and on Carriage is arranged.
  • the motor spindle unit is on leaf springs supported, transverse to the feed direction of the carriage are aligned.
  • the vertically oriented, with short free length clamped leaf springs are in Feed direction of the spindle very flexible and flexible, so that pressure forces on the tool spindle sensitive and low-loss transfer to the force measuring device.
  • the leaf springs can have great vertical forces as well as great Absorb shear forces. They are therefore suitable for support the motor spindle unit on the carriage, wherein additional, frictional guides not required are.
  • the force measuring device is between the resilient Elements, e.g. B. at the bottom of the motor spindle unit between the leaf springs, arranged or can be attached to the in Working direction rear end of the motor spindle unit be connected.
  • the force measuring device has a piezoelectric element as Force sensor on.
  • the piezo element allows very precise Force measurements with extremely low deformations.
  • the Use of other force sensors should not be excluded be.
  • Strain gauges and magnetorestrictive sensors be used.
  • the force sensor z. B. a piezoelectric element
  • the force sensor is in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention between two Contact elements arranged, the spherical contact surfaces exhibit.
  • the spherical contact surfaces are on annular or cup-shaped bearing surfaces on the Motor spindle unit and the carriage provided Supported connection elements. In this embodiment is ensures that the force sensor is clamped free of lateral forces is and acting on the tool spindle Low pressure transfer forces to the force sensor become. This is a bias of the force sensor appropriate.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the force measuring device provides that the contact elements bolt-shaped, wherein a bolt a Tapped hole and the other bolt a longitudinal bore has, and that the bolt by a strain screw with defined preload force against the between the bolts arranged force sensor are braced. Furthermore, that is carriage-side connection element for the force measuring device expediently arranged on a support which is in Guide grooves of the carriage adjustable movable attached is.
  • the device of the invention allows a very accurate and sensitive detection of the finish machining of workpiece surfaces acting on the work spindle Pressing forces.
  • the force measurements are the NC control supplied to the feed drive.
  • the technology executed high-resolution NC delivery of the Schlitten can be minimal forces, z. B. in the area between 0.1 N and 10 N defined on the workpiece bring.
  • a high surface quality is achieved.
  • Wegmesssystem can also the timing of the Zustellweges be detected metrologically. From the Measured values of the force measuring device and / or the position measuring system can control commands for process control in the Workpiece processing are derived.
  • Fig. 1 Device For the basic structure of that shown in Fig. 1 Device include a feed device 1 with a Carriage 2 and an NC-controlled drive 3, a motor spindle unit 4 with a motor-driven tool spindle 5 and a force measuring device 6 for measuring the at a workpiece machining on the tool spindle 5 acting pressure force.
  • the motor spindle unit 4 is with Leaf springs 7 mounted on the carriage 2, wherein the leaf springs 7 transversely to the feed direction of the carriage. 2 are aligned and the weight of the motor spindle unit. 4 take up.
  • the force measuring device 6 is between Connection elements 8, 9 on the motor spindle unit 4 and on Carriage 2 arranged and with a piezoelectric element as Force sensor 10 equipped.
  • the carriage 2 has one after prior art precision slide guide 11 and as a drive unit a rolling spindle 12 on. Other versions of the feed device 1, z. As a linear actuator, are not excluded.
  • the clamping of the leaf springs 7 and the formation of the Force measuring device 6 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 shown in more detail.
  • the force sensor 10 is between two contact elements arranged in the Embodiment as a bolt 13, 13 'are formed and Have contact surfaces 14.
  • the contact surfaces 14 are on annular or cup-shaped bearing surfaces of the Supported connecting elements 8, 9.
  • One of the bolts 13 has a threaded hole, the other bolt 13 'a Longitudinal bore on.
  • a biasing force between 100 and 200 N.
  • the carriage-side connection element 9 for the force measuring device 6 is arranged on a support 16, which with Grooves 17 in guide grooves 18 of the carriage. 2 is movably mounted.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is the force measuring device 6 to the in Working direction rear end of the motor spindle unit 4 connected.
  • the two leaf springs 7, of which in the Fig. 2 and 3, only the rear leaf spring shown is, are with a short clamping length of support plates 19, 20 attached to the carriage 2 and at the Bottom of the motor spindle unit 4 are attached.
  • Locking pins 21 prevent impermissibly large movements the motor spindle unit 4, when, for example, tool change or other assembly work.
  • the force measuring device 6 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can also at the bottom of the motor spindle unit. 4 be arranged between the leaf springs 7, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is shown schematically.
  • the device according to the invention can additionally with a Weglyn messenger Schwarz 22 be equipped with the temporal course of Zustellweges metrologically detectable is. From the force measurements and measured values of the position measuring system can control commands for process control in the Workpiece processing are derived. That should be in below will be explained by way of examples. With the Bleed of the workpiece, so the touch of the workpiece through the tool, the force-controlled takes Feed rate of the feed rapidly, the temporal course of the curve with increasing erosion of Flatten workpiece surface. From the time course of Delivery route can be criteria for optimal guidance of a Finish machining process are derived. That's how it works temporal profile of the delivery route as a measure of the Surface quality of the workpiece are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Finishbearbeitung von Werkstücken, die eine Vorschubeinrichtung mit einem Schlitten und einem NC-gesteuerten Antrieb, eine Motorspindeleinheit mit einer motorisch angetriebenen Werkzeugspindel sowie eine Kraftmesseinrichtung zum Messen der bei einer Werkstückbearbeitung auf die Werkzeugspindel wirkenden Andrückkraft aufweist.The invention relates to a device for finish machining of workpieces that have a feed device with a carriage and an NC-controlled drive, one Motor spindle unit with a motor driven Tool spindle and a force measuring device for measuring the at a workpiece machining on the tool spindle having acting pressure.

Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist aus US 5 072 550 A bekannt. Dabei ist die Motorspindeleinheit auf dem Schlitten gelagert und die piezoelektrische Kraftmesseinrichtung ist zwischen der Motorspindeleinheit und dem Schlitten angeordnet.Such a device is known from US 5 072 550 A. The motor spindle unit is mounted on the carriage and the piezoelectric force measuring device is between the Motor spindle unit and the carriage arranged.

Es ist auch bekannt, die bei der Werkstückbearbeitung auf die Werkzeugspindel wirkende Andrückkraft kontinuierlich zu messen und den Anpressdruck des Bearbeitungswerkzeuges an der Werkstückoberfläche stufenweise auf einen vorbestimmten Grenzwert nachzuregeln, bei dem ein optimaler Materialabtrag erfolgt (DE 39 30 457 A1). Ferner ist in DE 197 38 818 A1 ein Verfahren beschrieben, bei dem in Abhängigkeit von Maß- und Formabweichungen der Werkstückgeometrie, die während der Werkstückbearbeitung ermittelt werden, die Andrückkraft bzw. die Zustellung des Bearbeitungswerkzeuges geregelt wird. Der Werkzeugträger ist mit einer Messeinrichtung versehen, die einen Feintaster und Abstützelemente aufweist.It is also known that in workpiece machining on the Tool spindle acting pressure force continuously measure and the contact pressure of the machining tool the workpiece surface gradually to a predetermined Readjustment limit, in which an optimal material removal takes place (DE 39 30 457 A1). Furthermore, in DE 197 38 818 A1 describes a method in which in Dependence on dimensional and form deviations of the workpiece geometry, which is determined during workpiece machining be, the pressing force or the delivery of the Machining tool is regulated. The tool carrier is equipped with a measuring device, the one Fine button and support elements has.

Bei der Finishbearbeitung von kleinteiligen Werkstücken, z. B. der Finishbearbeitung an Sitzflächen von Brennstoffeinspritzventilen, an planen Flächen von Miniaturdrucksensoren o. dgl., sind präzise geführte Zustellbewegungen des rotierenden Schleifwerkzeuges erforderlich, um hohe Anforderungen an die Maßhaltigkeit und Oberflächengüte der bearbeiteten Werkstückfläche zu erfüllen. Die Zustellung muss so eingerichtet sein, dass das Bearbeitungswerkzeug mit definierter, feinfühlig einstellbarer Kraft an der zu bearbeitenden Werkstückfläche anliegt. Es müssen im Regelfall Andrückkräfte von weniger als 100 N und bei sehr kleinen Werkstücken Andrückkräfte in der Größenordnung von 1 bis 25 N eingestellt werden.In the finishing of small parts, z. B. the finish machining on seats of fuel injection valves, on plan surfaces of miniature pressure sensors o. The like., Are precisely guided Zustellbewegungen of the rotating grinding tool required to high Demands on the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the Machined workpiece surface to meet. Delivery must be set up so that the editing tool with defined, sensitive adjustable force at the abutting workpiece surface. It must be in Normally pressure forces of less than 100 N and at very small workpieces Andrückkräfte of the order of 1 to 25 N can be set.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Finishbearbeitung von Werkstücken anzugeben, die kraftgesteuerte Zustellbewegungen mit feinfühlig einstellbarer und präzise eingehaltener Andrückkraft ermöglicht.The invention is based on the object, a device to specify the finish machining of workpieces that force-controlled infeed movements with sensitively adjustable and precisely maintained pressure force allows.

Die Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorrichtung des eingangs beschriebenen Aufbaues erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Motorspindeleinheit mit federnden Elementen, die das Gewicht der Motorspindeleinheit aufnehmen und lediglich in Bearbeitungsrichtung beweglich sind, an dem Schlitten gelagert ist und dass die Kraftmesseinrichtung zwischen Anschlusselementen an der Motorspindeleinheit und am Schlitten angeordnet ist.The object is in a device of the beginning described structure according to the invention achieved in that the motor spindle unit with resilient elements that the Take the weight of the motor spindle unit and only in Machining direction are movable on the carriage is stored and that the force measuring device between Connection elements on the motor spindle unit and on Carriage is arranged.

Vorzugsweise ist die Motorspindeleinheit auf Blattfedern abgestützt, die quer zur Vorschubrichtung des Schlittens ausgerichtet sind. Die vertikal ausgerichteten, mit kurzer freier Länge eingespannten Blattfedern sind in Vorschubrichtung der Spindel sehr nachgiebig und flexibel, so dass Andrückkräfte an der Werkzeugspindel feinfühlig und verlustarm auf die Kraftmesseinrichtung übertragen werden. Insbesondere bei einer Einspannung mit kurzer freier Länge können die Blattfedern große vertikale Kräfte sowie große Querkräfte aufnehmen. Sie eignen sich daher zur Abstützung der Motorspindeleinheit auf dem Schlitten, wobei zusätzliche, reibungsbehaftete Führungen nicht erforderlich sind.Preferably, the motor spindle unit is on leaf springs supported, transverse to the feed direction of the carriage are aligned. The vertically oriented, with short free length clamped leaf springs are in Feed direction of the spindle very flexible and flexible, so that pressure forces on the tool spindle sensitive and low-loss transfer to the force measuring device. Especially with a clamping with short free length The leaf springs can have great vertical forces as well as great Absorb shear forces. They are therefore suitable for support the motor spindle unit on the carriage, wherein additional, frictional guides not required are.

Die Kraftmesseinrichtung ist zwischen den federnden Elementen, z. B. an der Unterseite der Motorspindeleinheit zwischen den Blattfedern, angeordnet oder kann an das in Arbeitsrichtung rückseitige Ende der Motorspindeleinheit angeschlossen sein. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführung weist die Kraftmesseinrichtung ein Piezoelement als Kraftsensor auf. Das Piezoelement ermöglicht sehr präzise Kraftmessungen bei extrem geringen Verformungen. Die Verwendung anderer Kraftsensoren soll nicht ausgeschlossen sein. Im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre können auch Dehnungsmessstreifen sowie magnetorestriktive Sensoren eingesetzt werden.The force measuring device is between the resilient Elements, e.g. B. at the bottom of the motor spindle unit between the leaf springs, arranged or can be attached to the in Working direction rear end of the motor spindle unit be connected. According to a preferred embodiment the force measuring device has a piezoelectric element as Force sensor on. The piezo element allows very precise Force measurements with extremely low deformations. The Use of other force sensors should not be excluded be. In the context of the teaching of the invention can also Strain gauges and magnetorestrictive sensors be used.

Der Kraftsensor, z. B. ein Piezoelement, ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung zwischen zwei Kontaktelementen angeordnet, die kugelförmige Kontaktflächen aufweisen. Die kugelförmigen Kontaktflächen sind an ringförmigen oder schalenförmigen Lagerflächen der an der Motorspindeleinheit und dem Schlitten vorgesehenen Anschlusselemente abgestützt. Bei dieser Ausführung ist gewährleistet, dass der Kraftsensor querkraftfrei eingespannt ist und die auf die Werkzeugspindel wirkenden Andrückkräfte verlustarm auf den Kraftsensor übertragen werden. Dabei ist eine Vorspannung des Kraftsensors zweckmäßig. Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Kraftmesseinrichtung sieht vor, dass die Kontaktelemente bolzenförmig ausgebildet sind, wobei ein Bolzen eine Gewindebohrung und der andere Bolzen eine Längsbohrung aufweist, und dass die Bolzen durch eine Dehnungsschraube mit definierter Vorspannkraft gegen den zwischen den Bolzen angeordneten Kraftsensor verspannt sind. Ferner ist das schlittenseitige Anschlusselement für die Kraftmesseinrichtung zweckmäßig an einem Träger angeordnet, der in Führungsnuten des Schlittens verstellbeweglich befestigt ist.The force sensor, z. B. a piezoelectric element, is in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention between two Contact elements arranged, the spherical contact surfaces exhibit. The spherical contact surfaces are on annular or cup-shaped bearing surfaces on the Motor spindle unit and the carriage provided Supported connection elements. In this embodiment is ensures that the force sensor is clamped free of lateral forces is and acting on the tool spindle Low pressure transfer forces to the force sensor become. This is a bias of the force sensor appropriate. An advantageous embodiment of the force measuring device provides that the contact elements bolt-shaped, wherein a bolt a Tapped hole and the other bolt a longitudinal bore has, and that the bolt by a strain screw with defined preload force against the between the bolts arranged force sensor are braced. Furthermore, that is carriage-side connection element for the force measuring device expediently arranged on a support which is in Guide grooves of the carriage adjustable movable attached is.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht eine sehr genaue und feinfühlige Erfassung der bei der Finishbearbeitung von Werkstückflächen auf die Werkspindel wirkenden Andrückkräfte. Die Kraftmesswerte werden der NC-Steuerung des Vorschubantriebes zugeführt. Mit einer nach dem Stand der Technik ausgeführten hochauflösenden NC-Zustellung des Schlittens lassen sich minimale Kräfte, z. B. im Bereich zwischen 0,1 N und 10 N definiert auf das Werkstück bringen. Bei der Finishbearbeitung von kleinstückigen Serienteilen wird dabei eine hohe Oberflächengüte erreicht. In Verbindung mit einem in der Vorrichtung integrierbaren Wegmesssystem kann ferner der zeitliche Verlauf des Zustellweges messtechnisch erfasst werden. Aus den Messwerten der Kraftmesseinrichtung und/oder des Wegmesssystems können Steuerbefehle zur Prozessführung bei der Werkstückbearbeitung abgeleitet werden.The device of the invention allows a very accurate and sensitive detection of the finish machining of workpiece surfaces acting on the work spindle Pressing forces. The force measurements are the NC control supplied to the feed drive. With one after the state the technology executed high-resolution NC delivery of the Schlitten can be minimal forces, z. B. in the area between 0.1 N and 10 N defined on the workpiece bring. For finish machining of small pieces Series parts, a high surface quality is achieved. In conjunction with an integrable in the device Wegmesssystem can also the timing of the Zustellweges be detected metrologically. From the Measured values of the force measuring device and / or the position measuring system can control commands for process control in the Workpiece processing are derived.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch

Fig. 1
eine Vorrichtung zur Finishbearbeitung von Werkstücken,
Fig. 2
eine weitere konstruktive Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung, ausschnittsweise und in einer gegenüber Fig. 1 stark vergrößerten Darstellung,
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht auf den in Fig. 2 dargestellten Gegenstand.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment. It show schematically
Fig. 1
a device for finish machining of workpieces,
Fig. 2
a further structural embodiment of the device, in part and in a comparison with FIG. 1 greatly enlarged representation,
Fig. 3
a plan view of the object shown in Fig. 2.

Zum grundsätzlichen Aufbau der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Vorrichtung gehören eine Vorschubeinrichtung 1 mit einem Schlitten 2 und einem NC-gesteuerten Antrieb 3, eine Motorspindeleinheit 4 mit einer motorisch angetriebenen Werkzeugspindel 5 sowie eine Kraftmesseinrichtung 6 zum Messen der bei einer Werkstückbearbeitung auf die Werkzeugspindel 5 wirkende Andrückkraft. Die Motorspindeleinheit 4 ist mit Blattfedern 7 an dem Schlitten 2 gelagert, wobei die Blattfedern 7 quer zur Vorschubrichtung des Schlittens 2 ausgerichtet sind und das Gewicht der Motorspindeleinheit 4 aufnehmen. Die Kraftmesseinrichtung 6 ist zwischen Anschlusselementen 8, 9 an der Motorspindeleinheit 4 und am Schlitten 2 angeordnet und mit einem Piezoelement als Kraftsensor 10 ausgerüstet. Der Schlitten 2 weist eine nach dem Stand der Technik ausgebildete Präzisonsschlittenführung 11 sowie als Antriebsaggregat eine Rollspindel 12 auf. Andere Ausführungen der Vorschubeinrichtung 1, z. B. ein Linearantrieb, sind nicht ausgeschlossen. For the basic structure of that shown in Fig. 1 Device include a feed device 1 with a Carriage 2 and an NC-controlled drive 3, a motor spindle unit 4 with a motor-driven tool spindle 5 and a force measuring device 6 for measuring the at a workpiece machining on the tool spindle 5 acting pressure force. The motor spindle unit 4 is with Leaf springs 7 mounted on the carriage 2, wherein the leaf springs 7 transversely to the feed direction of the carriage. 2 are aligned and the weight of the motor spindle unit. 4 take up. The force measuring device 6 is between Connection elements 8, 9 on the motor spindle unit 4 and on Carriage 2 arranged and with a piezoelectric element as Force sensor 10 equipped. The carriage 2 has one after prior art precision slide guide 11 and as a drive unit a rolling spindle 12 on. Other versions of the feed device 1, z. As a linear actuator, are not excluded.

Die Einspannung der Blattfedern 7 sowie die Ausbildung der Kraftmesseinrichtung 6 ist in den Fig. 2 und 3 ausführlicher dargestellt. Der Kraftsensor 10 ist zwischen zwei Kontaktelementen angeordnet, die im Ausführungsbeispiel als Bolzen 13, 13' ausgebildet sind und Kontaktflächen 14 aufweisen. Die Kontaktflächen 14 sind an ringförmigen oder schalenförmigen Lagerflächen der der Anschlusselemente 8, 9 abgestützt. Einer der Bolzen 13 weist eine Gewindebohrung, der andere Bolzen 13' eine Längsbohrung auf. Die Bolzen 13, 13' sind durch eine Dehnungsschraube 15 mit definierter Vorspannkraft gegen den zwischen den Bolzen 13, 13' angeordneten Kraftsensor 10 vorgespannt. Zweckmäßig ist eine Vorspannkraft zwischen 100 und 200 N. Den Fig. 2 und 3 entnimmt man ferner, dass das schlittenseitige Anschlusselement 9 für die Kraftmesseinrichtung 6 an einem Träger 16 angeordnet ist, der mit Nutensteinen 17 in Führungsnuten 18 des Schlittens 2 verstellbeweglich befestigt ist.The clamping of the leaf springs 7 and the formation of the Force measuring device 6 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 shown in more detail. The force sensor 10 is between two contact elements arranged in the Embodiment as a bolt 13, 13 'are formed and Have contact surfaces 14. The contact surfaces 14 are on annular or cup-shaped bearing surfaces of the Supported connecting elements 8, 9. One of the bolts 13 has a threaded hole, the other bolt 13 'a Longitudinal bore on. The bolts 13, 13 'are connected by a Expansion screw 15 with defined preload force against the between the bolts 13, 13 'arranged force sensor 10th biased. Suitably, a biasing force between 100 and 200 N. It is further apparent from FIGS. 2 and 3 that the carriage-side connection element 9 for the force measuring device 6 is arranged on a support 16, which with Grooves 17 in guide grooves 18 of the carriage. 2 is movably mounted.

In dem in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Kraftmesseinrichtung 6 an das in Arbeitsrichtung rückseitige Ende der Motorspindeleinheit 4 angeschlossen. Die beiden Blattfedern 7, von denen in den Fig. 2 und 3 nur die rückwärtige Blattfeder dargestellt ist, sind mit einer kurzen Einspannlänge an Trägerplatten 19, 20 befestigt, die an dem Schlitten 2 bzw. an der Unterseite der Motorspindeleinheit 4 befestigt sind. Sicherungsstifte 21 verhindern unzulässig große Bewegungen der Motorspindeleinheit 4, wenn beispielsweise Werkzeugwechsel oder sonstige Montagearbeiten vorgenommen werden. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is the force measuring device 6 to the in Working direction rear end of the motor spindle unit 4 connected. The two leaf springs 7, of which in the Fig. 2 and 3, only the rear leaf spring shown is, are with a short clamping length of support plates 19, 20 attached to the carriage 2 and at the Bottom of the motor spindle unit 4 are attached. Locking pins 21 prevent impermissibly large movements the motor spindle unit 4, when, for example, tool change or other assembly work.

Die in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellte Kraftmesseinrichtung 6 kann auch an der Unterseite der Motorspindeleinheit 4 zwischen den Blattfedern 7 angeordnet sein, wie dies in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellt ist.The force measuring device 6 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can also at the bottom of the motor spindle unit. 4 be arranged between the leaf springs 7, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is shown schematically.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann zusätzlich mit einer Weglängenmesseneinrichtung 22 ausgerüstet sein, mit der der zeitliche Verlauf des Zustellweges messtechnisch erfassbar ist. Aus den Kraftmesswerten und Messwerten des Wegmesssystems können Steuerbefehle zur Prozessführung bei der Werkstückbearbeitung abgeleitet werden. Das soll im Folgenden anhand von Beispielen erläutert werden. Mit dem Anschnitt des Werkstückes, also der Berührung des Werkstückes durch das Werkzeug, nimmt die kraftgesteuerte Zustellgeschwindigkeit des Vorschubes rasch ab, wobei der zeitliche Verlauf der Kurve mit zunehmendem Abtrag der Werkstückfläche abflacht. Aus dem zeitlichen Verlauf des Zustellweges können Kriterien zur optimalen Führung eines Finishbearbeitungsprozesses abgeleitet werden. So kann das zeitliche Profil des Zustellweges als Maß für die Oberflächengüte des Werkstückes herangezogen werden. Bei vorgegebener Andrückkraft zwischen Werkstück und Bearbeitungswerkzeug erreicht die kraftgesteuerte Zustellgeschwindigkeit mit zunehmender Oberflächengüte einen annähernd konstanten Wert. Durch Einstellung eines Kraftsollwertes im beschriebenen Einstellbereich zwischen 0,1 und 100 N kann der Abtrag und die daraus resultierende Zustellgeschwindigkeit verändert werden. Bei einer prozessbezogen optimalen Kraft wird im Allgemeinen eine höhere Oberflächengüte sehr konstant erreicht. Die Parametereinstellungen können so optimiert werden, dass die gewünschte Oberflächengüte bei minimaler Bearbeitungszeit erreicht wird.The device according to the invention can additionally with a Weglängenmesseneinrichtung 22 be equipped with the temporal course of Zustellweges metrologically detectable is. From the force measurements and measured values of the position measuring system can control commands for process control in the Workpiece processing are derived. That should be in Below will be explained by way of examples. With the Bleed of the workpiece, so the touch of the workpiece through the tool, the force-controlled takes Feed rate of the feed rapidly, the temporal course of the curve with increasing erosion of Flatten workpiece surface. From the time course of Delivery route can be criteria for optimal guidance of a Finish machining process are derived. That's how it works temporal profile of the delivery route as a measure of the Surface quality of the workpiece are used. at predetermined pressing force between the workpiece and Machining tool achieves the force-controlled feed rate with increasing surface quality one approximately constant value. By setting a Force setpoint in the described setting range between 0.1 and 100 N can be the removal and the resulting Delivery speed to be changed. At a Process-related optimal force generally becomes one higher surface quality achieved very constant. The Parameter settings can be optimized so that the desired surface quality with minimal processing time is reached.

Aus dem zeitlichen Verlauf des Zustellweges kann ferner ein das Schneidverhalten kennzeichnender Signalwert abgeleitet werden, um ein Werkzeug zuzusetzen, einen etwaigen Werkzeugbruch oder Werkzeugverschleiß zu identifizieren. Ferner können aus dem zeitlichen Verlauf des Zustellweges Prozessinstabilitäten festgestellt werden.From the time course of Zustellweges can also be a derives the cutting behavior characterizing signal value to add a tool, if necessary Tool breakage or tool wear to identify. Furthermore, from the time course of the Zustellweges Process instabilities are detected.

Claims (8)

  1. An apparatus for the finish-machining of workpieces, which comprises a feeder device (1) having a slide (2) and an NC-controlled drive (3), a motor spindle unit (4) having a motor-driven tool spindle (5), and a force measuring device (6) for measuring the contact pressure force which acts on the workpiece spindle during a workpiece machining operation, characterised in that the motor spindle unit (4) is mounted on the slide (2) by spring-like elements which absorb the weight of the motor spindle unit (4) and which can only move in the direction of machining, and that the force measuring device (6) is disposed between attachment elements (8, 9) on the motor spindle unit (4) and on the slide (2).
  2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the motor spindle unit (4) is supported on leaf springs (7) which are aligned transversely to the direction of feed of the slide (2).
  3. An apparatus according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the force measuring device (6) is disposed between the spring-like elements:
  4. An apparatus according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the force measuring device (6) is attached to the rear end of the motor spindle unit (4) in the axial direction.
  5. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the force measuring device (6) comprises a piezo element as a force sensor (10).
  6. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the force measuring device (6) comprises a force sensor (10) which is disposed between two contact elements, and that the contact elements have spherical contact faces (14) which are supported on annular or saucer-like bearing faces of the attachment elements (8, 9) which are provided on the motor spindle unit (4) and on the slide (2).
  7. An apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the contact elements are formed as pins (13, 13'), wherein one pin (13) has a tapped hole and the other pin (13') has a longitudinal hole, and that the pins (13, 13') are braced under a defined prestress, by an extension screw (15), against the force sensor (10) which is disposed between the pins (13, 13').
  8. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the attachment element (9) on the slide for the force measuring device (6) is disposed on a support (16) which is fixed in guide slots (18) in the slide (2) so that it is adjustably moveable.
EP02012025A 2001-07-19 2002-05-31 Apparatus for finishing workpieces Expired - Lifetime EP1277545B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10135139 2001-07-19
DE10135139A DE10135139C1 (en) 2001-07-19 2001-07-19 Numerically-controlled workpiece finishing device has force measuring device for measuring pressure force acting on tool spindle during finishing

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EP1277545A2 EP1277545A2 (en) 2003-01-22
EP1277545A3 EP1277545A3 (en) 2004-02-04
EP1277545B1 true EP1277545B1 (en) 2005-08-03

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US7645180B2 (en) * 2007-10-18 2010-01-12 Thielenhaus Microfinish Corporation Method for finishing a workpiece
AT508789B1 (en) * 2009-10-13 2013-01-15 Wintersteiger Ag MACHINING DEVICE FOR SKIER
DE102012207448A1 (en) * 2012-05-04 2013-11-07 Nagel Maschinen- Und Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh Finishing process and finishing device for finish machining of rotationally symmetrical workpiece sections
DE102014018541B4 (en) * 2014-12-12 2016-07-28 Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal Process for finish machining of workpiece surfaces
CN111775040A (en) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-16 宁波安杰森精密机械制造有限公司 Compound synchronizer ring internal and external diameter super lapping machine

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EP1277545A3 (en) 2004-02-04
US6852005B2 (en) 2005-02-08
US20030017793A1 (en) 2003-01-23
EP1277545A2 (en) 2003-01-22
DE10135139C1 (en) 2002-11-21

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