EP1263267A2 - Method for starting a discharge lamp - Google Patents

Method for starting a discharge lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1263267A2
EP1263267A2 EP02005924A EP02005924A EP1263267A2 EP 1263267 A2 EP1263267 A2 EP 1263267A2 EP 02005924 A EP02005924 A EP 02005924A EP 02005924 A EP02005924 A EP 02005924A EP 1263267 A2 EP1263267 A2 EP 1263267A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
electrode
phase
preheated
discharge lamp
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Granted
Application number
EP02005924A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1263267B1 (en
EP1263267A3 (en
Inventor
Franz Dr. Raiser
Bernhard Reiter
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Osram GmbH
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Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication of EP1263267A3 publication Critical patent/EP1263267A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method according to the preamble of the claim 1. This is, in particular, a method for starting a discharge lamp.
  • Lamps are often called electrodes, which act as electrode filaments are executed.
  • Preheating is important for the following reason: Is an electrode coil cold then it forms for the emission of electrons, i.e. for the If it acts as a cathode, a high cathode drop. This cathode case causes a rapid acceleration of incoming mercury ions. Those striking the electrode coil with high energy Mercury ions lead to rapid wear of the electrode coil and therefore a short lamp life.
  • the preheating is therefore a quality feature for a high-quality electronic Control gear.
  • the circuitry means implementation the preheating a considerable effort, which is a substantial part of the Costs of the control gear.
  • Preheating is complicated by the fact that the electrode coils to be heated lie on different sides of the lamp. That is, the circuit parts for heating the two electrode coils must be designed so that they allow an ignition voltage on the lamp and survive it undamaged.
  • the object of the present invention is a method according to the preamble of claim 1 to provide with a simple and inexpensive preheating the electrode filaments of a discharge lamp is possible.
  • Electrode filaments of a lamp preheated only one of the two is used to reduce the circuit complexity Electrode filaments of a lamp preheated.
  • an electrode coil is used only damaged if it is cold and currently acts as a cathode.
  • the ignition will take place when the one The electrode is currently the cathode, which has been preheated because in this state the the voltage required for ignition is the lowest.
  • the ignition process itself thus no damage to the electrode coil not preheated according to the invention.
  • Ignition with DC voltage is also possible, but this does not preheated electrode coil acts as an anode. In this case, too Ignition process for no damage to the electrode coil not preheated according to the invention.
  • a non-preheated electrode coil is used always damaged if it is currently a cathode.
  • the operation of the lamp is therefore divided into two sub-phases.
  • the lamp is operated according to the invention with direct current applied, the non-preheated electrode coil acting as an anode.
  • the anode is not exposed to the bombardment of mercury ions, it will not damaged even if it has not been preheated.
  • Electron bombardment heats up an anode during lamp operation.
  • D. H. The non-preheated electrode coil is in the first sub-phase of operation heated.
  • the first ends according to the invention Subphase of operations.
  • the subsequent second sub-phase of the operation AC lamp applied to the lamp.
  • the second subphase corresponds to that Normal operation of the lamp as prescribed in relevant standards (e.g. IEC81) is.
  • the first subphase according to the invention is of such a short duration that the segregation effects mentioned above do not occur.
  • the non-preheated electrode coil operated as an anode at a temperature level, which allows damage-free operation as a cathode.
  • the preheating according to the invention leads to only one electrode coil to a significant reduction in circuitry. Since you are in the choice of the electrode coil that is preheated is free, you become one
  • Preheat the electrode coil which has the least amount of circuitry due to its reference to ground requires. Preheating the electrode coil without reference to ground generally requires more circuitry. This can, however, according to the invention omitted.
  • the advantage of the present invention lies not only in the reduction of the Circuit effort but also in a reduction of the effort for connection the lamp.
  • a lamp with two electrode filaments usually has four Connections. If both electrode coils are preheated, four connecting wires must be used be laid to the lamp. However, according to the invention only one Electrode coil preheated, three connecting wires are sufficient. Just the electrode coil, which is preheated is connected at its two connections. For the non-preheated electrode coil is sufficient for one connecting wire.
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic circuit diagram of an electronic control gear, with which the inventive method can be carried out.
  • An AC voltage generator which is designed as a half-bridge inverter, forms the core of the electronic control gear. It consists of the series connection of the electronic half-bridge switches S1 and S2, which are controlled by a control unit CTR.
  • the series connection of the electronic half-bridge switches S1 and S2 is connected to a DC voltage source UDC for energy supply.
  • the reference potential is the potential M, which is connected to the negative pole of the DC voltage source UDC.
  • a free-wheeling diode D1 and D2 is connected in parallel with each half-bridge switch S1 and S2. They are polarized so that the cathode points in the direction of the positive pole of the DC voltage source.
  • the load circuit is connected between the source voltage Uq and the reference potential M. It consists of a series connection of a coupling capacitor Cb, an inductor L, a capacitor C and an electronic heating control switch S3.
  • the coupling capacitor Cb serves to decouple the DC component of the source voltage Uq .
  • the inductance L and the capacitance C form a series resonance with the resonance frequency fres .
  • the output of the load circuit, to which a lamp Lp is connected, is parallel to the capacitance C. A lamp voltage ULp is also tapped there.
  • the lamp has two filaments W1 and W2, each with two connections.
  • the lamp is connected to the capacitance C so that a connection of the electrode filament W1 is connected to a connector of capacitance C and a connector the electrode coil W2 is connected to the other connection of the capacitance C. is.
  • the other connection of the electrode coil W1 remains unconnected according to the invention.
  • the other connection of the electrode coil W2 is with the reference potential M connected.
  • the control unit CTR also controls the heating control switch S3. This doesn't have to can be designed for the ignition voltage of the lamp Lp of several hundred volts. Rather, a dielectric strength of up to 50 volts is sufficient.
  • the half-bridge switches S1 and S2 alternate with one high preheating frequency on and off.
  • the heating control switch S3 is open.
  • the electrode coil W2 is preheated via the capacitance C.
  • the preheating frequency must be selected so high that the capacitance C is activated sets a sufficiently high preheating current, which turns the electrode filament in about one second W2 heats up to a temperature that is largely damage-free Ignition allowed.
  • the heating control switch S3 is closed and the frequency with which the half-bridge switches S1 and S2 are switched on and off alternately up to the resonance frequency of the series resonant circuit, consisting of the inductance L and the capacitance C. This builds on the lamp Lp an ignition voltage that leads to the ignition of the lamp.
  • the half-bridge switch remains S2 opened and only the half-bridge switch S1 is switched on and off.
  • the non-preheated electrode coil W1 acts as an anode. It is on it to ensure that the value of the capacitance of the coupling capacitor Cb is chosen so large is that the voltage across the coupling capacitor Cb during the first subphase of operations does not change significantly.
  • the second sub-phase of operation begins after a maximum of 2 seconds.
  • the half-bridge switches S1 and S2 are switched on and off alternately. As a result, an alternating current is supplied to the lamp Lp.
  • the heating control switch S3 remains closed during the operating phase. In order to is achieved that no heating current through the electrode coil during the operating phase W2 flows through. This will cause the filament W2 to overheat avoided and the efficiency of the control gear increased. Through the electrode coil According to the invention, current never flows through W1.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

One of the two electrode filaments (W1,W2) of the low pressure discharge lamp is preheated in the preheating phase. A direct current and an alternating current flow through the discharge lamp during in respective sub-phases of the operation phases. <??>An Independent claim is included for discharge lamp starter.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Es handelt sich dabei insbesondere um ein Verfahren zum Start einer Entladungslampe.The invention is based on a method according to the preamble of the claim 1. This is, in particular, a method for starting a discharge lamp.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Entladungslampen, insbesondere Niederdruckentladungslampen, die im folgenden kurz Lampen genannt werden, besitzen häufig Elektroden, die als Elektroden-Wendeln ausgeführt sind.Discharge lamps, in particular low-pressure discharge lamps, as follows Lamps are often called electrodes, which act as electrode filaments are executed.

Im folgenden wird der Start einer derartigen Lampe beschrieben. Er kann in 3 Phasen unterteilt werden:

  • 1. Vorheizen - Dazu werden die Elektroden-Wendeln von einem Vorheizstrom durchflossen und dadurch aufgeheizt. Damit wird die Elektronenaustrittsarbeit an den Elektrodenwendeln reduziert.
  • 2. Zünden - Dazu wird an die Lampe eine Zündspannung angelegt, die in der Lampe eine Gasentladung initiiert. Dabei kann es sich um eine Gleich- oder eine Wechselspannung handeln. Bei elektronischen Betriebsgeräten für Niederdruckentladungslampen ist eine Resonanzzündung üblich, weshalb die Zündspannung dort meist eine Wechselspannung ist.
  • 3. Betrieb - Nach dem Zünden wird die Lampe mit einem Betriebsstrom beaufschlagt. Der Betriebsstrom muss ein Wechselstrom sein, da es sonst zu einer Entmischung des Gases bzw. Plasmas in der Lampe kommt. Bei üblichen Niederdruckentladungslampen spielen positiv geladene Quecksilber-Ionen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Lichterzeugung. Durch einen Gleichstrom würden sich die Quecksilber-Ionen an der Kathode ansammeln und an der Anode würde kein Licht mehr erzeugt werden. Bei handelsüblichen elektronischen Betriebsgeräten wird die Lampe mit einem Wechselstrom beaufschlagt, dessen Frequenz im Bereich von 30kHz bis 150kHz liegt.
    • The start of such a lamp is described below. It can be divided into 3 phases:
  • 1. Preheating - To this end, a preheating current flows through the electrode coils and heats them up. This reduces the electron work function on the electrode coils.
  • 2. Ignition - To do this, an ignition voltage is applied to the lamp, which initiates a gas discharge in the lamp. This can be a DC or an AC voltage. In electronic control gear for low-pressure discharge lamps, resonance ignition is common, which is why the ignition voltage there is usually an AC voltage.
  • 3. Operation - After ignition, the lamp is supplied with an operating current. The operating current must be an alternating current, otherwise the gas or plasma in the lamp will separate. In conventional low-pressure discharge lamps, positively charged mercury ions play an important role in the generation of light. A direct current would accumulate the mercury ions on the cathode and light would no longer be generated on the anode. In the case of commercially available electronic operating devices, an alternating current is applied to the lamp, the frequency of which is in the range from 30 kHz to 150 kHz.

    • Die Vorheizung ist aus folgendem Grund wichtig: Ist eine Elektroden-Wendel kalt dann bildet sie zur Emission von Elektronen, also für den Fall, dass sie als Kathode wirkt, einen hohen Kathodenfall aus. Dieser Kathodenfall bewirkt eine starke Beschleunigung eintreffender Quecksilber-Ionen. Die mit hoher Energie auf der Elektroden-Wendel aufschlagenden Quecksilber-Ionen führen zu einem schnellen Verschleiß der Elektroden-Wendel und somit zu einer kurzen Lebensdauer der Lampe.Preheating is important for the following reason: Is an electrode coil cold then it forms for the emission of electrons, i.e. for the If it acts as a cathode, a high cathode drop. This cathode case causes a rapid acceleration of incoming mercury ions. Those striking the electrode coil with high energy Mercury ions lead to rapid wear of the electrode coil and therefore a short lamp life.

    Die Vorheizung bildet somit ein Qualitätsmerkmal für ein hochwertiges elektronisches Betriebsgerät. Allerdings bedeutet die schaltungstechnische Realisierung der Vorheizung einen erheblichen Aufwand, der einen wesentlichen Teil der Kosten des Betriebsgeräts ausmacht. Was die schaltungstechnische Realisierung der Vorheizung erschwert ist die Tatsache, dass die zu heizenden Elektroden-Wendeln auf verschiedenen Seiten der Lampe liegen. D. h. die Schaltungsteile zur Heizung der beiden Elektroden-Wendeln müssen so ausgelegt sein, dass sie eine Zündspannung an der Lampe zulassen und diese auch unbeschadet überstehen.The preheating is therefore a quality feature for a high-quality electronic Control gear. However, the circuitry means implementation the preheating a considerable effort, which is a substantial part of the Costs of the control gear. As for the circuit implementation Preheating is complicated by the fact that the electrode coils to be heated lie on different sides of the lamp. That is, the circuit parts for heating the two electrode coils must be designed so that they allow an ignition voltage on the lamp and survive it undamaged.

    Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

    Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bereitzustellen, mit dem eine einfache und kostengünstige Vorheizung der Elektroden-Wendeln einer Entladungslampe möglich ist. The object of the present invention is a method according to the preamble of claim 1 to provide with a simple and inexpensive preheating the electrode filaments of a discharge lamp is possible.

    Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen.This task is accomplished by a method with the features of the preamble of Claim 1 solved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. Particularly advantageous configurations can be found in the dependent claims.

    Erfindungsgemäß wird zur Reduzierung des Schaltungsaufwandes nur eine der beiden Elektroden-Wendeln einer Lampe vorgeheizt.According to the invention, only one of the two is used to reduce the circuit complexity Electrode filaments of a lamp preheated.

    Wie im Abschnitt zum Stand der Technik ausgeführt, wird eine Elektroden-Wendel nur dann geschädigt, wenn sie kalt ist und momentan als Kathode wirkt. Bei einer Zündung mit Wechselspannung wird die Zündung dann stattfinden, wenn diejenige Elektrode momentan Kathode ist, die vorgeheizt wurde, weil in diesem Zustand die für eine Zündung nötige Spannung am geringsten ist. Der Zündvorgang selbst führt also zu keiner Schädigung der erfindungsgemäß nicht vorgeheizten Elektroden-Wendel. Es ist auch eine Zündung mit Gleichspannung möglich, bei der die nicht vorgeheizte Elektroden-Wendel als Anode wirkt. Auch in diesem Fall führt der Zündvorgang zu keiner Schädigung der erfindungsgemäß nicht vorgeheizten Elektroden-Wendel.As stated in the prior art section, an electrode coil is used only damaged if it is cold and currently acts as a cathode. At a Ignition with AC voltage, the ignition will take place when the one The electrode is currently the cathode, which has been preheated because in this state the the voltage required for ignition is the lowest. The ignition process itself thus no damage to the electrode coil not preheated according to the invention. Ignition with DC voltage is also possible, but this does not preheated electrode coil acts as an anode. In this case, too Ignition process for no damage to the electrode coil not preheated according to the invention.

    Beim der Zündung folgenden Betrieb wird jedoch eine nicht vorgeheizte Elektroden-Wendel immer dann geschädigt, wenn sie momentan Kathode ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird deshalb der Betrieb der Lampe in zwei Subphasen unterteilt. In der auf die Zündung folgenden ersten Subphase wird die Lampe erfindungsgemäß mit Gleichstrom beaufschlagt, wobei die nicht vorgeheizte Elektroden-Wendel als Anode wirkt. Da die Anode nicht dem Bombardement der Quecksilber-Ionen ausgesetzt ist, wird sie auch dann nicht geschädigt, wenn sie nicht vorgeheizt wurde. Durch den nicht schädigenden Elektronenbeschuss wird eine Anode im Betrieb der Lampe aufgeheizt. D. h. die nicht vorgeheizte Elektroden-Wendel wird in der ersten Subphase des Betriebs aufgeheizt. Hat diese Elektroden-Wendel eine Temperatur erreicht, die auch einen nicht schädigenden Betrieb als Kathode zulässt, endet erfindungsgemäß die erste Subphase des Betriebs. In der darauffolgenden zweiten Subphase des Betriebs wird die Lampe mit Wechselstrom beaufschlagt. Die zweite Subphase entspricht dem Normalbetrieb der Lampe, wie er in einschlägigen Normen (z. B. IEC81) vorgeschrieben ist. Die erfindungsgemäße erste Subphase ist von so kurzer Dauer, dass die oben erwähnten Entmischungseffekte nicht auftreten. Nach maximal 2 Sekunden ist die als Anode betriebene nicht vorgeheizte Elektroden-Wendel auf einem Temperaturniveau, das einen schädigungsfreien Betrieb als Kathode erlaubt.During the operation following the ignition, however, a non-preheated electrode coil is used always damaged if it is currently a cathode. According to the invention the operation of the lamp is therefore divided into two sub-phases. In the on the ignition Following the first subphase, the lamp is operated according to the invention with direct current applied, the non-preheated electrode coil acting as an anode. There the anode is not exposed to the bombardment of mercury ions, it will not damaged even if it has not been preheated. By the non-damaging Electron bombardment heats up an anode during lamp operation. D. H. The non-preheated electrode coil is in the first sub-phase of operation heated. Has this electrode coil reached a temperature that also allows non-damaging operation as a cathode, the first ends according to the invention Subphase of operations. In the subsequent second sub-phase of the operation AC lamp applied to the lamp. The second subphase corresponds to that Normal operation of the lamp as prescribed in relevant standards (e.g. IEC81) is. The first subphase according to the invention is of such a short duration that the segregation effects mentioned above do not occur. After a maximum of 2 seconds the non-preheated electrode coil operated as an anode at a temperature level, which allows damage-free operation as a cathode.

    Wie bereits erwähnt, führt das erfindungsgemäße Vorheizen von nur einer Elektroden-Wendel zu einer erheblichen Reduzierung des Schaltungsaufwandes. Da man in der Wahl der Elektroden-Wendel, die vorgeheizt wird, frei ist, wird man diejenigeAs already mentioned, the preheating according to the invention leads to only one electrode coil to a significant reduction in circuitry. Since you are in the choice of the electrode coil that is preheated is free, you become one

    Elektroden-Wendel vorheizen, die wegen ihres Massebezugs den geringsten Schaltungsaufwand erfordert. Die Vorheizung der Elektroden-Wendel ohne Massebezug erfordert im allgemeinen einen höheren Schaltungsaufwand. Dieser kann aber erfindungsgemäß entfallen.Preheat the electrode coil, which has the least amount of circuitry due to its reference to ground requires. Preheating the electrode coil without reference to ground generally requires more circuitry. This can, however, according to the invention omitted.

    Der Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt aber nicht nur in der Reduzierung des Schaltungsaufwandes sondern auch in einer Reduzierung des Aufwandes beim Anschluss der Lampe. Üblicherweise hat eine Lampe mit zwei Elektroden-Wendel vier Anschlüsse. Werden beide Elektroden-Wendeln vorgeheizt, so müssen vier Anschlussdrähte zur Lampe verlegt werden. Wird jedoch erfindungsgemäß nur eine Elektroden-Wendel vorgeheizt, so genügen drei Anschlussdrähte. Nur die Elektroden-Wendel, die vorgeheizt wird, wird an ihren zwei Anschlüssen verschaltet. Für die nicht vorgeheizte Elektroden-Wendel genügt ein Anschlussdraht.The advantage of the present invention lies not only in the reduction of the Circuit effort but also in a reduction of the effort for connection the lamp. A lamp with two electrode filaments usually has four Connections. If both electrode coils are preheated, four connecting wires must be used be laid to the lamp. However, according to the invention only one Electrode coil preheated, three connecting wires are sufficient. Just the electrode coil, which is preheated is connected at its two connections. For the non-preheated electrode coil is sufficient for one connecting wire.

    Die Beschreibung der Erfindung ist weitgehend auf eine Lampe beschränkt. Der erfinderische Gedanke kann jedoch auch auf den erfindungsgemäßen Start mehrerer Lampen ausgedehnt werden.The description of the invention is largely limited to a lamp. The inventive one However, thought can also be given to the start of several of the invention Lamps to be extended.

    Beschreibung der ZeichnungenDescription of the drawings

    Im folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert werden. Die Figur zeigt das Prinzipschaltbild eines elektronischen Betriebsgeräts, mit dem das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchgeführt werden kann.In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment become. The figure shows the basic circuit diagram of an electronic control gear, with which the inventive method can be carried out.

    Ein Wechselspannungsgenerator der als Halbbrückenwechselrichter ausgeführt ist, bildet das Kernstück des elektronischen Betriebsgeräts. Er besteht aus der Serienschaltung der elektronischen Halbbrückenschalter S1 und S2, die von einer Steuereinheit CTR angesteuert werden. Die Serienschaltung der elektronischen Halbbrückenschalter S1 und S2 ist zur Energieversorgung an eine Gleichspannungsquelle UDC angeschlossen. Bezugspotenzial ist das Potenzial M, das mit dem Minuspol der Gleichspannungsquelle UDC verbunden ist. Parallel zu jedem Halbbrückenschalter S1 und S2 ist eine Freilaufdiode D1 und D2 geschaltet. Sie sind so gepolt, dass jeweils die Kathode in Richtung des Pluspols der Gleichspannungsquelle weist. An der Verbindungsstelle der elektronischen Schalter S1 und S2 befindet sich der Ausgang des Wechselspannungsgenerators, wo die Quellspannung Uq anliegt. Zwischen Quellspannung Uq und Bezugspotenzial M ist der Lastkreis geschaltet. Er besteht aus der Serienschaltung eines Koppelkondensators Cb einer Induktivität L, einer Kapazität C und einem elektronischen Heizsteuer-Schalter S3. Der Koppelkondensator Cb dient zum Abkoppeln des Gleichanteils der Quellspannung Uq. Die Induktivität L und die Kapazität C bilden eine Serienresonanz mit der Resonanzfrequenz fres aus. Parallel zur Kapazität C liegt der Ausgang des Lastkreises, an dem eine Lampe Lp angeschlossen ist. Dort wird auch eine Lampenspannung ULp abgegriffen.An AC voltage generator, which is designed as a half-bridge inverter, forms the core of the electronic control gear. It consists of the series connection of the electronic half-bridge switches S1 and S2, which are controlled by a control unit CTR. The series connection of the electronic half-bridge switches S1 and S2 is connected to a DC voltage source UDC for energy supply. The reference potential is the potential M, which is connected to the negative pole of the DC voltage source UDC. A free-wheeling diode D1 and D2 is connected in parallel with each half-bridge switch S1 and S2. They are polarized so that the cathode points in the direction of the positive pole of the DC voltage source. At the junction of the electronic switches S1 and S2 is the output of the AC voltage generator, where the source voltage Uq is present. The load circuit is connected between the source voltage Uq and the reference potential M. It consists of a series connection of a coupling capacitor Cb, an inductor L, a capacitor C and an electronic heating control switch S3. The coupling capacitor Cb serves to decouple the DC component of the source voltage Uq . The inductance L and the capacitance C form a series resonance with the resonance frequency fres . The output of the load circuit, to which a lamp Lp is connected, is parallel to the capacitance C. A lamp voltage ULp is also tapped there.

    Die Lampe besitzt zwei Wendeln W1 und W2, die jeweils zwei Anschlüsse haben. Die Lampe ist mit der Kapazität C so verbunden, dass ein Anschluss der Elektroden-Wendel W1 mit einem Anschluss der Kapazität C verbunden ist und ein Anschluss der Elektroden-Wendel W2 mit dem anderen Anschluss der Kapazität C verbunden ist. Der andere Anschluss der Elektroden-Wendel W1 bleibt erfindungsgemäß unbeschaltet. Der andere Anschluss der Elektroden-Wendel W2 ist mit dem Bezugspotenzial M verbunden.The lamp has two filaments W1 and W2, each with two connections. The lamp is connected to the capacitance C so that a connection of the electrode filament W1 is connected to a connector of capacitance C and a connector the electrode coil W2 is connected to the other connection of the capacitance C. is. The other connection of the electrode coil W1 remains unconnected according to the invention. The other connection of the electrode coil W2 is with the reference potential M connected.

    Die Steuereinheit CTR steuert auch den Heizsteuer-Schalter S3. Dieser muss nicht für die Zündspannung der Lampe Lp von mehreren hundert Volt ausgelegt werden. Vielmehr genügt eine Spannungsfestigkeit von maximal 50 Volt. Bevorzugt enthält die Steuereinheit CTR einen Mikrokontroller. Damit kann der Startvorgang in einem Computerprogramm abgelegt werden und ggf. einfach an andere Lampentypen angepasst werden.The control unit CTR also controls the heating control switch S3. This doesn't have to can be designed for the ignition voltage of the lamp Lp of several hundred volts. Rather, a dielectric strength of up to 50 volts is sufficient. Preferably contains the control unit CTR a microcontroller. So that the starting process in one Computer program are stored and if necessary simply adapted to other lamp types become.

    Zum Vorheizen werden die Halbbrückenschalter S1 und S2 abwechselnd mit einer hohen Vorheizfrequenz ein- und ausgeschaltet. Der Heizsteuer-Schalter S3 ist geöffnet. Dadurch wird die Elektroden-Wendel W2 über die Kapazität C vorgeheizt. Die Vorheizfrequenz muss so hoch gewählt werden, dass über die Kapazität C sich ein ausreichend hoher Vorheizstrom einstellt, der in ca. einer Sekunde die Elektroden-Wendel W2 auf eine Temperatur aufheizt, die eine weitgehend schädigungsfreie Zündung erlaubt.For preheating, the half-bridge switches S1 and S2 alternate with one high preheating frequency on and off. The heating control switch S3 is open. As a result, the electrode coil W2 is preheated via the capacitance C. The The preheating frequency must be selected so high that the capacitance C is activated sets a sufficiently high preheating current, which turns the electrode filament in about one second W2 heats up to a temperature that is largely damage-free Ignition allowed.

    Nach der Vorheizphase wird der Heizsteuer-Schalter S3 geschlossen und die Frequenz mit der die Halbbrückenschalter S1 und S2 abwechselnd ein- und ausgeschaltet werden, wird bis zur Resonanzfrequenz des Serienschwingkreises, bestehend aus der Induktivität L und der Kapazität C, abgesenkt. An der Lampe Lp baut sich dadurch eine Zündspannung auf, die zur Zündung der Lampe führt.After the preheating phase, the heating control switch S3 is closed and the frequency with which the half-bridge switches S1 and S2 are switched on and off alternately up to the resonance frequency of the series resonant circuit, consisting of the inductance L and the capacitance C. This builds on the lamp Lp an ignition voltage that leads to the ignition of the lamp.

    Nach der Zündung beginnt die erste Subphase des Betriebs. Dazu bleibt der Halbbrückenschalter S2 geöffnet und nur der Halbbrückenschalter S1 wird ein- und ausgeschaltet. Dadurch wird ein Gleichstrom der Lampe Lp zugeführt, wobei erfindungsgemäß die nicht vorgeheizte Elektroden-Wendel W1 als Anode wirkt. Es ist darauf zu achten, dass der Wert der Kapazität des Koppelkondensators Cb so groß gewählt wird, dass sich die Spannung am Koppelkondensator Cb während der ersten Subphase des Betriebs nicht wesentlich ändert.After the ignition, the first subphase of the operation begins. The half-bridge switch remains S2 opened and only the half-bridge switch S1 is switched on and off. As a result, a direct current is supplied to the lamp Lp, according to the invention the non-preheated electrode coil W1 acts as an anode. It is on it to ensure that the value of the capacitance of the coupling capacitor Cb is chosen so large is that the voltage across the coupling capacitor Cb during the first subphase of operations does not change significantly.

    Nach maximal 2 Sekunden beginnt die zweite Subphase des Betriebs. Dabei werden wieder die Halbbrückenschalter S1 und S2 abwechselnd ein- und ausgeschaltet. Dadurch wird ein Wechselstrom der Lampe Lp zugeführt.The second sub-phase of operation begins after a maximum of 2 seconds. The half-bridge switches S1 and S2 are switched on and off alternately. As a result, an alternating current is supplied to the lamp Lp.

    Der Heizsteuer-Schalter S3 bleibt während der Betriebsphase geschlossen. Damit wird erreicht, dass während der Betriebsphase kein Heizstrom durch die Elektroden-Wendel W2 hindurch fließt. Dadurch wird eine Übertemperatur der Wendel W2 vermieden und der Wirkungsgrad des Betriebsgeräts erhöht. Durch die Elektroden-Wendel W1 hindurch fließ erfindungsgemäß nie Strom.The heating control switch S3 remains closed during the operating phase. In order to is achieved that no heating current through the electrode coil during the operating phase W2 flows through. This will cause the filament W2 to overheat avoided and the efficiency of the control gear increased. Through the electrode coil According to the invention, current never flows through W1.

    Claims (5)

    Verfahren zum Start einer Entladungslampe mit zwei vorheizbaren Elektrodenwendeln, welches in die folgenden drei Phasen unterteilt werden kann: Vorheizen Zünden Betrieb, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Phase Vorheizen nur eine Elektroden-Wendel vorgeheizt wird und die Phase Betrieb in zwei Subphasen eingeteilt ist, wobei in der ersten Subphase Gleichstrom und in der zweiten Subphase Wechselstrom durch die Entladungslampe fließt.Process for starting a discharge lamp with two preheatable electrode filaments, which can be divided into the following three phases: preheat Ignite Business, characterized in that in the preheating phase only one electrode coil is preheated and the operation phase is divided into two sub-phases, direct current flowing in the first sub-phase and alternating current flowing in the second sub-phase through the discharge lamp. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Subphase eine Dauer aufweist, die zwischen 0,1 Sekunde und 2 Sekunden liegt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first subphase has a duration which is between 0.1 seconds and 2 seconds. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während der Phase Zünden Gleich- oder Wechselspannung an der Lampe anliegen.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that DC or AC voltage are present on the lamp during the ignition phase. Betriebsgerät zum Betrieb von Entladungslampen mit Elektrodenwendeln (W1, W2) mit einem Wechselspannungsgenerator, der als Halbbrückenwechselrichter mit elektronischen Halbbrückenschaltern (S1, S2) ausgeführt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Betrieb der Lampen eine Subphase beinhaltet, in der ein Halbbrückenschalter (S2) für mindestens 0,1 Sekunden geöffnet bleibt.Operating device for operating discharge lamps with electrode filaments (W1, W2) with an AC voltage generator, which is designed as a half-bridge inverter with electronic half-bridge switches (S1, S2), characterized in that the operation of the lamps includes a subphase in which a half-bridge switch (S2) for remains open for at least 0.1 seconds. Betriebsgerät gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Wendelanschlüsse einer Elektrodenwendel (W2) während des Betriebs einer Lampe über einen Heizsteuer-Schalter (S3) kurzgeschlossen sind.Operating device according to claim 4, characterized in that two coil connections of an electrode coil (W2) are short-circuited via a heating control switch (S3) during the operation of a lamp.
    EP02005924A 2001-05-28 2002-03-14 Method for starting a discharge lamp Expired - Fee Related EP1263267B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10126011A DE10126011A1 (en) 2001-05-28 2001-05-28 Procedure for starting a discharge lamp
    DE10126011 2001-05-28

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    EP1263267A2 true EP1263267A2 (en) 2002-12-04
    EP1263267A3 EP1263267A3 (en) 2005-06-01
    EP1263267B1 EP1263267B1 (en) 2007-05-02

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    EP (1) EP1263267B1 (en)
    CA (1) CA2383335A1 (en)
    DE (2) DE10126011A1 (en)

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    EP0390285A2 (en) * 1989-03-28 1990-10-03 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Discharge lamp lighting device
    DE4014355A1 (en) * 1989-06-27 1991-01-03 Siemens Ag Electronic operating circuit for discharge lamp - has short-circuit switch for auxiliary sec. winding of heating transformer
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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    CA2383335A1 (en) 2002-11-28
    DE10126011A1 (en) 2002-12-05
    EP1263267B1 (en) 2007-05-02
    US6696791B2 (en) 2004-02-24
    EP1263267A3 (en) 2005-06-01
    US20020175629A1 (en) 2002-11-28
    DE50210057D1 (en) 2007-06-14

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