EP1258849B1 - Anti-intrusion detecting device - Google Patents
Anti-intrusion detecting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1258849B1 EP1258849B1 EP02076918A EP02076918A EP1258849B1 EP 1258849 B1 EP1258849 B1 EP 1258849B1 EP 02076918 A EP02076918 A EP 02076918A EP 02076918 A EP02076918 A EP 02076918A EP 1258849 B1 EP1258849 B1 EP 1258849B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- detecting device
- sensor
- alarm
- outlet
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
- G08B29/183—Single detectors using dual technologies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2491—Intrusion detection systems, i.e. where the body of an intruder causes the interference with the electromagnetic field
- G08B13/2494—Intrusion detection systems, i.e. where the body of an intruder causes the interference with the electromagnetic field by interference with electro-magnetic field distribution combined with other electrical sensor means, e.g. microwave detectors combined with other sensor means
Description
- This invention refers to an anti-intrusion detecting device, especially for doors and windows, to be applied on the outside of buildings.
- The anti-intrusion systems of a traditional kind, installed on the outside of buildings, utilise a multiple number of detectors, capable of exploiting various physical principles to identify intruders, and to automatically actuate alarm systems to point out the danger to the building's occupants, and to discourage the ill-disposed.
- However, the detectors placed inside the buildings identify the intruder at the time he has penetrated the building, after already damaging the passive protections present (doors and/or windows).
- Likewise, external detectors are normally used which are places outside the building, so as to reveal the presence of the intruder before he can damage the door and window frames, when he approaches the external perimeter; these detectors are designed to create invisible barriers, which trigger an alarm if crossed by the intruder.
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US-A-5, 216, 410 ,US-A-5, 475, 365 ,US-B1-6, 188, 318 andUS-A-4, 710, 750 disclose dual-sensor intrusion detecting devices having different zones of sensitivity, in which the alarm is generated when the two sensors are activated in sequence within a predetermined interval of time. - Moreover,
EP-A-1052605 discloses an anti-intrusion detecting device in which means for protection and: safety against damage of the device are provided, such as a vibration sensor, capable of generating an alarm in case percussions are applied in an attempt of damaging it. - However, the detecting devices of this type currently on the market generally exhibit a number of drawbacks, such as a complex installation, difficult calibrations and the need for long and complex wirings, poor esthetic effects due to the presence of long bars to be vertically applied to the sides of the opening to be protected, a sensitivity to false alarms caused by small mammals (dogs, cats) and birds, or by sudden changes in the environmental parameters (wind, rain, sunrise or others), or by the motion of persons or objects outside the controlled area.
- The object of the present invention is therefore that of obviating the drawbacks mentioned above, and in particular to point out an anti-intrusion detecting device, especially for doors and windows, to be applied on the outside of buildings, which allows it to be installed in a simple manner and at the same time to be esthetically agreeable.
- Another object of this invention is to produce an anti-intrusion detecting device to be extremely reliable and minimally sensitive or totally insensitive to false alarms caused by small animals, atmospheric agents or by the motion of persons or objects outside the controlled area.
- A further object of this invention is to produce an anti-intrusion detecting device, to be applied on the outside of buildings, in a simple and functional manner and at moderate costs, based on the advantages achieved.
- These objects are achieved by producing an anti-intrusion detecting device, especially for doors and windows, to be applied on the outside of buildings, according to claim 1, which is being referred to for brevity; further technical characteristics are contained in the subsequent claims.
- In an advantageous manner, the detecting device according to the invention is especially designed for the protection of a single opening to the building (door or window or porch) and is applied on top, above the opening, for control and safety purposes.
- Further characteristics and advantages of the anti-intrusion detecting device, as an object of this invention, will be better evident from the description and the attached drawings that follow, supplied for purely exemplifying and non-limiting purposes, in which:
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of an anti-intrusion detecting device according to this invention, installed above an opening door to a building;
- Figure 2 is a prospective view of a preferred form of embodiment of the anti-intrusion detecting device, according to this invention;
- Figure 3 represents a block diagram of the anti-intrusion detecting device according to this invention;
- Figure 4 is an electrical diagram of the processing circuits of the anti-intrusion detecting device according to this invention;
- Figures 4A and 4B represent the flow in time of a series of logical signals present in the processing circuit shown in Figure 4;
- Figure 5A is a front view of the detecting device according to this invention, applied above a door, in which the orthogonal projections of the areas of sensitivity are visible;
- Figure 5B is a lateral view of the detecting device according to this invention, applied above a door, in which the orthogonal projections of the areas of sensitivity are visible.
- With particular reference to the Figures 1 and 2, in which a typical installation of the anti-intrusion detecting device according to this invention is visible above the door, the detecting device itself is generally indicated by 1 and assumes the typical and preferred, while simplified and non-limiting appearance of a kind of parallelepiped with a long side and two short sides; the long side runs horizontally above the opening 40, which must be protected.
- The detecting device 1 incorporates two
sensors - In particular, the preferred use as a
sensor 2 is a passive infrared sensor characterized by an area of sensitivity schematically indicated by the beams 4, while the preferred use as asensor 3 is a "Doppler effect" microwave sensor, characterized by an area of sensitivity schematically indicated by thebubbles 5 in Figure 1. - Each beam 4 of the passive
infrared sensor 2 schematically shows the axis of a focusing beam of a "Multiple Fresnel lens" of the built-insensor 2 mentioned above, whose lens is facing downward; these beams create an invisible network sensitive to the heat of a human body, and their crossing on the part of a human body induces the activation of thesensor 2. - On the other hand, the
bubbles 5 of the "Doppler effect"microwave sensor 3 schematically show the virtual surfaces that must be crossed by an object in motion, having conductive or dielectric properties different from those of the air, for the purpose of inducing the activation ofsensor 3. - The area of sensitivity of the
infrared sensor 2 is separated in space from the area of sensitivity of themicrowave sensor 3, as more evidently shown in the Figures 5A and 5B, which are schematically representing two orthogonal projections of the areas of sensitivity. The detecting device 1 also houses in its interior the processing circuits of the signals generated by the built-in sensors, a radio system with built-in antennas for transmitting the alarms, and a battery for supplying the whole. - Moreover, the detector 1 is equipped with a robust enclosure fitted with anti-opening switches, and provides a series of anti-removal switches, so as to sound an alarm in case the slightest attempt at tampering occurs.
- Finally, the detecting device 1 may be fitted with appropriate protections against damage, such as for instance a vibration sensor, capable of generating an alarm in case of percussions applied in an attempt to damage it.
- In some exemplifying and preferred yet not limiting forms of embodiment of this invention, the detecting device 1 may contain a lighting lamp, for instance of an incandescent or fluorescent type; in this case the circuits of the safety devices may be directly supplied by electrical energy from the network.
- Figure 2 shows a possible esthetic embodiment of the detector 1, wherein the
infrared sensor 2, assembled together with its own lens, is installed to the left of the device, while themicrowave sensor 3 is to the right, protected and hidden inside theplastic enclosure 41 of the detector 1. - The advantages obtained by inserting a
microwave detector 3 of a "Doppler" differential impulse effect type are those relating to the impulse technology and consist in achieving a low current consumption and a moderate sensitivity at close quarters, as well as in the possibilities of limiting the action radius of thesensor 3 with precision; in any case, such characteristics are in themselves not sufficient to achieve the requisites of immunity from false alarms. - In reality, such requisites can be achieved only by combining the mentioned technology with the detection technology based on measuring the infrared beams and the particular geometries used, according to this invention.
- The operation of the anti-intrusion detecting device according to the invention is substantially as follows. As clearly illustrated in Figure 3, the passive
infrared sensor 2 supplies, if crossed by one of the sensitive beams, asignal 23 to theprocessing circuits 9, and themicrowave sensor 3 likewise supplies, if crossed by the sensitive bubble, asignal 24 to theprocessing circuits 9. - The
processing circuits 9 generate thesignals acoustic indicator 15, to a "dual band"radio transmitter 10, to theoutlet circuits 11 and eventually to alighting lamp 12 built into theenclosure 41 of the device 1. - The
outlet circuits 11 comprise a relay of a bi-stable type to limit power consumption to a minimum, and their outlet may supply eventual external electrical devices. Anon-rechargeable lithium battery 13 of 3.6 V, 5Ah supplies energy to the entire detector, by appropriate lowconsumption supply circuits 8 guaranteeing an autonomy of several years at normal operation. - As clearly visible in Figure 3, in which the dotted connecting lines indicate an electrical energy supply, the sole element not supplied by the
lithium battery 13 is theeventual lighting lamp 12, which receives energy directly from the external 220 V electrical energy network, through theconnection 29. - The
lamp 12 is connected to the rest of the circuits only by the switching-on control, based on very low power, through an appropriate electronic switch and can eventually also be switched on in a permanent manner by anexternal control 35 connected to an appropriate switch. - Note that in a different version of the device the processing circuits of the
signal 9 could likewise be shifted inside an alarm processing center; for this purpose, for example, it would be possible to produce a simpler and more economical version of the detecting device 1, in which both of thesensors radio transmitter 10 which, when appropriately coding the alarm data of the twosensors - As is evident from the picture in Figure 1, the crossing of the opening 40 of a door on the part of a person consequently determines the crossing of the
bubbles 5 and of at least one of the beams 4; note that the functional blocks of the detector 1 are constituted in such a manner that the final alarm is sounded only after the activation in series of both themicrowave sensor 3 and of thepassive infrared sensor 2, respectively. - With particular reference to the Figures 3 and 4, note that the crossing of the
bubbles 5 on the part of a person activates thesignal 24, while the subsequent crossing of one or more of the beams 4 generates thesignal 23; a mono-stable "re-triggerable" electronic device 39a extends theimpulse 24 generated by themicrowave sensor 3, generating at theoutlet 32 an impulse which outlines the time frame within which the arrival of animpulse 23, generated by the passiveinfrared sensor 2 can trigger the alarm by using thesignal 26. - Figure 4A represents the flow of the logic signals present in the electronic circuit of the detecting device 1 in the situation just described above.
- The impulse-carrying
signal 24 generated by themicrowave sensor 3 activates the time frame T1; during said interval T1 theimpulse 23 generated by thepassive infrared sensor 2 arrives, and the combination of the two conditions allows generating thealarm impulse 26. - In the case of Figure 4B, this condition has not occurred and the
impulse 23 generated by theinfrared sensor 2 has failed to arrive in time, because the time frame T1 is already at the logical zero point; in this case thealarm 26 is not generated. - The duration of the time frame T1 is programmable within a pre-defined range of values, such as for instance between 200 ms and 1 s.
- The described operating logic allows generating the alarm (signal 26) only when both
sensors AND gate 31, connected in series to thesignals sensors sensors opening 40, first cross thevolume 45 of thebubbles 5 emitted by themicrowave sensor 3, and subsequently themaximum volume 44 covered by the beams 4 emitted by the passiveinfrared sensor 2; the intruder's only alternative is to laterally approach the door's opening 40 by simultaneously engaging both areas of sensitivity. In both cases, the described operating logic allows properly generating thealarm signal 26. - In the described cases, the
alarm signal 26 at any rate activates the circuits of the "dual band"radio transmitter 10, which transmits a sequence of coded alarm signals capable of activating the alarm center and eventual acoustic and/or other actuators connected via radio to the detector 1. Ay every activation of thesignal 24 generated by themicrowave sensor 3, the mono-stable "re-triggerable"device 39b is further activated to supply animpulse 28 at its outlet, having a temporal duration T2 which can be regulated, for instance between 1 s and 30 s. - The
signal 28 is utilized for the switching-on control of theeventual lighting lamp 12, which thereby lights up simultaneously with any activation of themicrowave sensor 3, with an increasingly deterrent effect on the ill-intentioned. - The
signal 27, which is utilized for activating the outlet circuits 11 (outlet relay), may be chosen, together with thedeviator 33, between thealarm signal 26 and thesignal 28, thus establishing the possibility of attributing to the outlet relay a significance either as an alarm or as a control for an external signaler with a deterrent purpose. - The
signal 25, which pilots the acoustic signaler 15 ("buzzer") built into the detecting device 1, may similarly be chosen, along with the change-over switch 34, between thesignal 32 relating to the mere activation of themicrowave sensor 3 and theoverall alarm signal 26. - The
acoustic signaler 15, which can eventually be totally deactivated by using the change-overswitch 34 in a central position, allows utilizing the detector 1 to warn the persons inside the building of the approach of a person to the opening 40 by a short sounding "beep". - With particular reference to Figure 5, the
microwave sensor 3 exhibits a very precise sensitivity limit, as schematically shown in the figure by thetotal volume 45 of thebubbles 5; within a distance of about 20-30 cm this sensitivity falls to zero. - The detecting device 1, as an object of this invention, comprises a
microwave sensor 3 which is built and calibrated at the factory, so that beyond a predetermined distance, shown by DM in Figure 5 and adjustable by the user at fixed intervals (for instance, at discrete intervals of 1.5, 2 or 2.5 meters), its sensitivity comes to be zero. - For this purpose, if for example the action range of the
microwave sensor 3 is adjusted to 2 meters and the detecting device 1 is mounted above anopening 40, as shown in Figure 5, at a hypothetical height of 2.4 meters, a small animal, for instance the cat shown by 18 in the figure, is left out of the action range of thissensor 3, and therefore unable to activate it; in this case, for distances equal or less than 40 cm from the ground, thesensor 3 is in fact not sensitive. The same effect is obtained if the sensor is regulated for instance at 1.5 meters and mounted 20 cm above the upper side of a window, whose vertical opening length is 1.5 meters; in this case a small bird moving on the window sill is unable to activate themicrowave sensor 3, because at least 20 cm of insensitive height are left over above said window sill. - In any case, thanks to the presence of the passive
infrared sensor 2, which exhibits a beam detecting volume 4 indicated by 44 in the figures that is clearly separated from thevolume 45 of thebubbles 5 generated by themicrowave sensor 3, this system overcomes the limitation tied to a generalized hyper-sensitivity of thesensor 3; moreover, because thesensitivity volume 44 of the passiveinfrared sensor 2 is constituted by a very narrow band, which perfectly laps the wall by leaning against the same, this system further avoids false alarms, because the probability of a bird flight grazing the wall is extremely low. - Finally, it can experimentally be verified that, even if a bird crossed both of the
volumes sensors sensors - At any rate, this condition could eventually only occur if the bird crossed a left-open door or window in his flight.
- Another important characteristic of this invention is the fact that the two
sensors detecting volumes sensors - This further guarantees an excellent immunity against false alarms because an object such as a small bird or leaf carried by the wind has a very low probability of crossing the
volumes sensors - The passive infrared sensor is, on the other hand, while not particularly sensitive to this environmental factor, extremely sensitive to sudden changes of heat, such as a sudden sunrise, or sudden sources of infrared radiation, such as an exposure to automotive halogen lights, while the microwave sensor is totally immune to these factors.
- Thanks to its truly peculiar technical, characteristics, the detecting device 1 as an object of this invention can, as already mentioned, advantageously be employed for the external protection of door and window frames, for the purpose of not only preventively avoiding an undesired intrusion, but also of protecting the door and window frames themselves, which are in this case rendered unapproachable by potentially ill-intentioned persons.
- It is moreover possible to implement a summertime perimeter protection of lived-in villas and apartments, under conditions where doors and windows are left open for aerating the premises.
- The detecting device 1 is therefore capable of promptly signaling the intrusion, by actuating the acoustic alarm signal; this guarantees a very small probability of false alarms and leaves the occupants free to circulate within the protected premises, without risking false activations of the alarm.
- The above description clarifies the characteristics of the anti-intrusion detecting device, especially for doors and windows to be installed on the outside of buildings, which is the object of this invention, just as it clarifies its advantages.
- In particular, these are represented by:
- integration of two sensors having different detecting technologies;
- activation in a sequential or simultaneous manner of the two sensors for generating an alarm signal, in case a person approaches or crosses the protected opening;
- integration of the sensors within the detectors by using geometries such as to provide areas of sensitivity as far as possible not overlapping in space and separated a short distance from the detector, so as to minimize the probability that small flying objects may activate the alarm;
- a beam of a very flat sensitivity and of a vertical and squashed form of the infrared sensor,
- a microwave sensor of a controlled action radius, capable of allowing the calibration of the action radius, so that small animals may transit without activating the sensor;
- a very high immunity to false alarms generated by domestic animals, small animals, birds and environmental factors such as wind, the sudden switching on of lights, rain, hail or other;
- a supply by very low consumption batteries;
- a simplicity of positioning and installation;
- an absence of wirings for connecting to other portions of the safety system that the detector could be a part of, thanks to the transmission of the generated information;
- a possibility of choosing a broad action radius of the microwave sensor, depending on the detector's installation height;
- a possibility of utilizing the detecting device even during the summer period, in order to alert whoever lives inside a building about the presence of an intruder approaching a door or window left open to aerate the building;
- a possibility of arranging for a relay outlet to pilot the switching on of a signaling device or lighting lamp for deterrent purposes;
- a possibility of integrating a lighting lamp which may be lighted permanently (under the control of an external switch) for the purpose of lighting the building from the outside, or be switched on automatically as a deterrent against ill-intentioned persons;
- Finally, it is evident that numerous variants can be applied to the anti-intrusion detecting device according to the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims, without thereby abandoning the principles of novelty inherent in the inventive idea, just as it is clear that in the practical implementation of the invention, the materials, shapes and dimensions of the illustrated details may be of any kind depending on the requirements, and that the same may be substituted by others of a technically equivalent type.
Claims (6)
- An anti-intrusion detecting device (1), especially for doors and windows, applicable on the outside of buildings, on at least one opening (40) to be protected from a crossing, said detecting device (1) comprising at least one passive infrared sensor (2) and at least one microwave sensor (3), each of which functions according to a determined physical principle of detection and each of which exhibits different volumes (44, 45) and different areas (4, 5) of sensitivity, characterized in that the passage of a person inside the volume (45) controlled by said microwave sensor (3) activates a first pulse signal (24), while the subsequent crossing of the volume (44) controlled by said passive infrared sensor (2) generates a second pulse signal (23), wherein said first pulse signal (24) is extended by at least one first mono-stable re-triggerable electronic device (39a), so as to determine an impulse at its outlet (32) which limits a time span (T1), programmable by a user, within which the arrival of said second pulse signal (23) triggers an alarm signal (26), which is generated by the activation in sequence of both said microwave sensor (3) and said passive infrared sensor (2), respectively.
- A detecting device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that means for protection and safety against damage are provided, such as a vibration sensor, which is capable of generating an alarm in case percussions are applied in an attempt of damaging the detecting device (1).
- A detecting device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, in case of a crossing of the respective sensitive areas (4, 5) by suspicious-looking men, said passive infrared sensor (2) and said microwave sensor (3) supply said first and second pulse signals (23, 24) to processing circuits (9), so that the outlet signals (25, 26, 27, 28) from said processing circuits (9) are respectively sent to an acoustic signaller (15), to a radio transmitter (10), to outlet circuits (11) and to a lighting lamp (12), which is built into the enclosure (41) of said detecting device (1) and which is connected to the circuits of the detecting device (1) by a switching-on control (28) or by an external control (35).
- A detecting device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said outlet circuits (11) comprise a relay of a bi-stable type, whose outlet may actuate external electric devices, to limit the power consumption to the utmost.
- A detecting device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said signal processing circuits (9) are installed within an alarm processing centre and said passive infrared sensor (2) and said microwave sensor (3) are connected to said radio transmitter (10), which, after coding the alarm signal (26) generated by said sensors (2, 3), transmits said alarm signal (26) to said centre, where said alarm signal (26) is processed.
- A detecting device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that, at every activation of said first pulse signal (24), at least one second mono-stable re-triggerable device (39b) further activates and supplies an outlet pulse (28) of a pre-established and adjustable duration (T2), wherein said pulse (28) is used to control the switching-on of said lighting lamp (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT2001MI001043A ITMI20011043A1 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2001-05-18 | ANTI-INTRUSION DEVICE |
ITMI20011043 | 2001-05-18 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1258849A2 EP1258849A2 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
EP1258849A3 EP1258849A3 (en) | 2004-01-14 |
EP1258849B1 true EP1258849B1 (en) | 2008-02-06 |
Family
ID=11447697
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02076918A Expired - Fee Related EP1258849B1 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2002-05-15 | Anti-intrusion detecting device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1258849B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60224901D1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITMI20011043A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2504523A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-05 | Martin James Haines Fenner | Intruder alarm system incorporating at least one passive infrared sensor and at least one microwave sensor |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4710750A (en) * | 1986-08-05 | 1987-12-01 | C & K Systems, Inc. | Fault detecting intrusion detection device |
US5216410A (en) * | 1990-11-16 | 1993-06-01 | Digital Security Controls Ltd. | Intrusion alarm sensing unit |
CA2113026A1 (en) * | 1993-01-28 | 1994-07-29 | Paul Michael Hoseit | Methods and apparatus for intrusion detection having improved immunity to false alarms |
IT1312486B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2002-04-17 | Beghelli Spa | PANORAMIC VISION DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR FOR LARGE AREAS OF PUBLIC |
US6188318B1 (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2001-02-13 | Pittway Corp. | Dual-technology intrusion detector with pet immunity |
-
2001
- 2001-05-18 IT IT2001MI001043A patent/ITMI20011043A1/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-05-15 DE DE60224901T patent/DE60224901D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-15 EP EP02076918A patent/EP1258849B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1258849A3 (en) | 2004-01-14 |
ITMI20011043A0 (en) | 2001-05-18 |
DE60224901D1 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
ITMI20011043A1 (en) | 2002-11-18 |
EP1258849A2 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
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