EP1258771A1 - Raumsparende optische Architektur für Helmvisier mit grossem Sichtfeld - Google Patents

Raumsparende optische Architektur für Helmvisier mit grossem Sichtfeld Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1258771A1
EP1258771A1 EP02291088A EP02291088A EP1258771A1 EP 1258771 A1 EP1258771 A1 EP 1258771A1 EP 02291088 A EP02291088 A EP 02291088A EP 02291088 A EP02291088 A EP 02291088A EP 1258771 A1 EP1258771 A1 EP 1258771A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
revolution
visor
mirror
optical architecture
image
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Granted
Application number
EP02291088A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1258771B1 (de
Inventor
Laurent Thales Intellectual Property Bignolles
Joel Thales Intellectual Property Baudou
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical architecture with reduced dimensions for wide field helmet sight, and applies more particularly visors for helmets for airplane pilots or helicopter.
  • Helmet viewfinder allows pilot to display information relating to theft and / or an image from sensors, for example of the type light intensifier (IL). Coupled with a position detection, it allows dramatically increase the performance of the sighting system comparison with a head-up sight fixed to the plane's axis.
  • IL type light intensifier
  • FIG. 1A and 1B illustrate thus by diagrams the case of the use of a visor with two elements.
  • FIG. 1A very schematically represents a top view of a two-element visor 11g (in front of the left eye OG) and 11d (in front of the eye straight OD), with respective ocular axes ⁇ g and ⁇ d parallel, separated by a separation 12, in the case of a field ⁇ greater than 45 ° (for example 60 °).
  • the ocular axis is defined by the axis which passes through the center of the pupil of the eye and which is perpendicular to the plane of said pupil.
  • Figure 1B shows the fields seen by the left eye and the right eye in the case of a configuration of the type of that of FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 2 represents a simplified and partial top view of a helmet visor with a single element visor.
  • a visor consisting of a single element (noted 21 in Figure 2) causes difficulties in technical implementation because it imposes a relatively long path in the air between the first front deflection mirror 22 and the image-forming means, noted 24g on the path of the left eye OG (in solid line in FIG. 2) and 24d on the path of the right eye OD (in dotted line ).
  • This constraint comes from the fact that the optical beam emitted by an image source (not shown in FIG. 2) is returned in the case of a single-element visor on the side opposite the eye that it is supposed to illuminate.
  • the vectors n g and n d represent the normal vectors on the surface of the visor 21 at the points of impact of the ocular axes ⁇ g and ⁇ d of the left eye and the right eye respectively. Folding of the optical paths is therefore necessary (in particular by means of folding mirrors denoted 23g and 23d in FIG. 2, respectively for the channels of the left eye and the right eye) which entail longer optical paths than in the case of a visor with two elements.
  • this propagation of light beams over a long distance in the air leads to large beam diameters, requiring large image-forming means, incompatible with the space requirements of helmet visors.
  • the present invention proposes a new type of architecture optic for helmet visor with projection on visor, allowing increase the field of viewfinder while satisfying mass constraints and size imposed by the port on the head.
  • FIG. 3 represents the diagram of an optical architecture 30 with reduced bulk for wide field helmet viewfinder according to the invention.
  • a single channel is represented corresponding to the projection by a single element visor 31 of an image emitted by an image source 32 in front of an eye of the pilot whose pupil is noted 33 in FIG. 3 and the axis ocular is noted ⁇ oc .
  • the optical architecture 30 also includes relay optics 34 making it possible to transport the image between the image source and the visor 31, that is to say to form from the image emitted by the source 32 an intermediate image positioned in a focal plane of the visor.
  • Relay optics conventionally comprises means for forming images (in the example of FIG.
  • these means are reduced in a simplified way to a doublet, denoted 341, and of a lens, denoted 342) and at least two folding mirrors (including a front mirror denoted 21 in FIG. 2 and 343 in FIG. 3) making it possible to return the light beam from said source towards the eye from the side of which the image source is located.
  • These two mirrors appear in Figure 2 (22, 23d or 23g).
  • the architecture is represented “unfolded”, that is to say without taking account of the folding mirror noted 23g or 23d in the representation of FIG. 2.
  • This plane ⁇ must also be a plane of symmetry of all of the image formation means of the “unfolded” relay optics in order to correctly correct the aberrations associated with off-axis use of the visor. Therefore, the mirrors 23d and 23g of FIG. 2, which cannot present the plane ⁇ as the plane of symmetry, are necessarily plane mirrors.
  • a third folding mirror noted 344, is provided, allowing in particular to fold the optical architecture along the helmet.
  • a relay optic is represented, corresponding to the projection on one eye.
  • the optical architecture includes two relay optics each corresponding to the projection of one or more image source (s) on one eye, the front mirror being common to the two relay optics.
  • the image source is for example an image from a sensor, for example the back side of a standard light intensifier coupled to a shooting lens (not shown).
  • Other sources images can be used, such as a source delivering information relating to the flight and emitted for example by a ray tube cathodic (or CRT according to the abbreviation Anglo-Saxon "cathodic ray tube ”), by a liquid crystal display, etc.
  • a source can be used alone or, preferably, coupled with an image from a sensor.
  • the optical architecture used makes it possible to project the image towards the eye of the side of which the sensor is located, resulting in the use of a single element visor, as explained above, folding of the optical path and therefore an elongation thereof.
  • the optical architecture according to the invention makes it possible to resolve the difficulties of technical achievement generated by these multiple folds in the case including a wide field viewfinder.
  • the single-element visor 31 is formed of a non-planar surface of revolution, an axis of revolution of which, denoted ⁇ in FIG. 3, is substantially parallel to the ocular axis ⁇ oc and substantially contained in the sagittal plane of the pilot, at forehead level.
  • the front mirror of the optical architecture according to the invention is chosen to be non-planar, substantially centered relative to the sagittal plane of the pilot, having an axis of revolution coincident with the axis ⁇ of revolution of the visor.
  • the geometric parameters of the mirror are calculated, according to the invention, so that the envelope of the useful beams (not diaphragmed by the pupil of the eye) propagating between said front mirror and the first image-forming means 341 of the relay optics upstream of the front mirror is substantially contained in a cylinder of section substantially equal to the useful surface of said mirror.
  • useful surface is meant the surface illuminated by the beams propagating between the source and the eye.
  • a particularly interesting of the front mirror is to use a mirror formed of two dioptres of which at least one has a non-planar surface of revolution, the internal diopter being reflective, in other words a lens with one face reflective. More particularly, a very good optimization of the envelope of the useful beams between the front mirror and the first means image formation 341 is obtained, as it appears in FIG. 3, with diopters whose surfaces of revolution are convex, aspherical, and whose axis of revolution coincides with the axis ⁇ of visor revolution.
  • the visor is formed of a surface of chosen aspheric revolution, ⁇ axis, the choice of parameters geometric also helping to maintain the envelope useful beams in the desired volume.
  • the relay optics 34 comprises at least three folding mirrors, one of said mirrors, the mirror denoted 344 in FIG. 3, positioned upstream of the first training means of images 341, and whose plane ⁇ is also a plane of symmetry, also allowing to correct at least part of the aberrations introduced by the front mirror 343.
  • the function of the front mirror according to the invention is essentially photometric, making it possible to reduce the envelope of the useful beams, but the front mirror according to the invention does not not contribute to image quality.
  • the mirror of aberration correction 344 is also a lens type mirror with a reflecting face, formed by two diopters including an internal diopter reflecting and of which at least one of the two diopters has a surface of non-planar revolution.
  • a correction mirror 344 having two dioptres with aspherical surfaces of revolution, can allow good compensation for geometric aberrations and chromatic, as well as distortion, induced by the front mirror 343.
  • Figures 4A and 4B show the layout an optical architecture of the type described in FIG. 3 on a helmet, according to front and side views respectively.
  • This is a binocular sight including a channel for the left eye OG and a channel for the right eye OD, the optical elements of the different channels being indexed respectively by the letter "g" for the left eye and "d" for the right eye.
  • the optical architecture illustrated in this example thus comprises, for each eye, a source of images (32g and 32d), formed in this example a light intensifier coupled to a shooting lens. The images formed by a given light intensifier are projected towards the eye on the side of which said intensifier is positioned.
  • Optical architecture of the viewfinder also includes a single element visor 31 and two relay optics each associated with an eye, the two relay optics being identical in this example for each channel.
  • the relay optics which allows you to transport the images emitted between the 32d source and the visor 31, includes a set of folding mirrors (41d, 43d, 344d, 23d and the front mirror 343) as well as means for forming images (in particular the elements 42d, 342d and the doublet 341 d which constitutes the first means image formation upstream of the front mirror 343).
  • the mirror frontal is formed by a mirror with two convex diopters, whose surfaces are of revolution, aspherical, with an axis of revolution coincident with the axis of revolution of the visor 31, the surface of which is itself aspherical.
  • the envelope of useful beams propagating between the front mirror and the doublet 341d is substantially contained in a cylinder of section substantially equal to the useful surface of the front mirror, thus making it possible to limit the size of the doublet 341d (typically its diameter should remain less than about 60 mm) and limit the size Relay optics at acceptable dimensions, even for a large viewfinder field, typically of the order of 60 °.
  • the folding mirror 344d is also a lens type with a reflecting surface whose diopters have non-planar surfaces of revolution calculated to reduce aberrations geometric and chromatic introduced by the front mirror.
  • the applicant has shown that it is possible, thanks to the optical architecture according to the invention including advantageous examples but non-limiting have been described above, to propose a helmet viewfinder large field, with single element visor and which also has a space acceptable for operational use and good image quality.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
EP02291088A 2001-05-15 2002-04-30 Raumsparende optische Architektur für Helmvisier mit grossem Sichtfeld Expired - Lifetime EP1258771B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0106397 2001-05-15
FR0106397A FR2824921B1 (fr) 2001-05-15 2001-05-15 Architecture optique a encombrement reduit pour viseur de casque grand champ

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1258771A1 true EP1258771A1 (de) 2002-11-20
EP1258771B1 EP1258771B1 (de) 2005-01-19

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EP02291088A Expired - Lifetime EP1258771B1 (de) 2001-05-15 2002-04-30 Raumsparende optische Architektur für Helmvisier mit grossem Sichtfeld

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6747802B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1258771B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60202641T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2824921B1 (de)
IL (1) IL149649A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014145070A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Immy Inc. Head mounted display with non-pupil forming optical path
US9250444B2 (en) 2009-11-21 2016-02-02 Immy Inc. Head mounted display device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7091930B2 (en) * 2003-08-02 2006-08-15 Litton Systems, Inc. Centerline mounted sensor fusion device
US7375894B2 (en) 2006-03-07 2008-05-20 Gentex Corporation Common lens helmet mounted display
US7586686B1 (en) 2006-04-14 2009-09-08 Oasys Technology Llc Eyepiece for head mounted display system and method of fabrication
US10488660B2 (en) 2008-03-13 2019-11-26 Everysight Ltd. Wearable optical display system for unobstructed viewing
US11513349B2 (en) 2008-03-13 2022-11-29 Everysight Ltd. Optical see-through (OST) near-eye display (NED) system integrating ophthalmic correction
US11256094B2 (en) 2008-03-13 2022-02-22 Everysight Ltd. Wearable optical display system for unobstructed viewing
US7791809B2 (en) * 2008-03-13 2010-09-07 Day And Night Display Systems, Inc. Visor heads-up display
WO2009136393A1 (en) * 2008-05-06 2009-11-12 Elbit Systems Ltd. Wide angle helmet mounted display system
FR2950982B1 (fr) 2009-10-06 2017-05-19 Thales Sa Equipement de vision comportant une lampe optique a coefficient de transmission lumineuse commandee
CN105247861B (zh) 2013-03-22 2017-11-10 精工爱普生株式会社 红外视频显示眼镜
TWM521179U (zh) 2016-01-21 2016-05-01 中強光電股份有限公司 頭戴式顯示裝置
WO2018200414A1 (en) 2017-04-26 2018-11-01 Fend Corp. Collapsible helmet
CN113341577B (zh) * 2021-08-06 2021-12-10 深圳珑璟光电科技有限公司 一种双目近眼显示设备

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WO1991004508A2 (en) * 1989-09-14 1991-04-04 General Electric Company Helmet mounted display
EP0531121A2 (de) * 1991-09-05 1993-03-10 Elbit Ltd. Helmmontierte Anzeigevorrichtung
US5734505A (en) * 1994-05-27 1998-03-31 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Visual display apparatus
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US6333820B1 (en) * 1997-06-27 2001-12-25 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Image display apparatus
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US6201646B1 (en) * 1998-10-26 2001-03-13 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd Image-forming optical system and viewing optical system
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9250444B2 (en) 2009-11-21 2016-02-02 Immy Inc. Head mounted display device
WO2014145070A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Immy Inc. Head mounted display with non-pupil forming optical path
US9151954B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-10-06 Immy Inc. Head mounted display having alignment maintained via structural frame
US9268139B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-02-23 Immy Inc. Head mounted display with micro-display alignment mechanism
US10078223B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-09-18 Immy Inc. Head mounted display with non-pupil forming optical path
US11187908B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2021-11-30 Immy Inc. Head mounted display assembly with structural frame and separate outer frame

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6747802B2 (en) 2004-06-08
IL149649A0 (en) 2002-12-01
IL149649A (en) 2007-02-11
DE60202641D1 (de) 2005-02-24
EP1258771B1 (de) 2005-01-19
DE60202641T2 (de) 2006-03-23
US20020191298A1 (en) 2002-12-19
FR2824921B1 (fr) 2003-09-19
FR2824921A1 (fr) 2002-11-22

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