EP1238205A1 - Friction lining for wet running - Google Patents
Friction lining for wet runningInfo
- Publication number
- EP1238205A1 EP1238205A1 EP00984605A EP00984605A EP1238205A1 EP 1238205 A1 EP1238205 A1 EP 1238205A1 EP 00984605 A EP00984605 A EP 00984605A EP 00984605 A EP00984605 A EP 00984605A EP 1238205 A1 EP1238205 A1 EP 1238205A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- friction
- fabric
- friction lining
- friction surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
- F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D2069/005—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces having a layered structure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
- F16D2069/0425—Attachment methods or devices
- F16D2069/045—Bonding
- F16D2069/0466—Bonding chemical, e.g. using adhesives, vulcanising
- F16D2069/0475—Bonding chemical, e.g. using adhesives, vulcanising comprising thermal treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
- F16D2069/0425—Attachment methods or devices
- F16D2069/0491—Tools, machines, processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0091—Impregnating a mat of fibres with a binder
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2344—Coating or impregnation is anti-slip or friction-increasing other than specified as an abrasive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3854—Woven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
Definitions
- the invention relates to a friction lining for wet running, consisting of an attachable to a carrier, partially impregnated with resin, and a method for producing such a friction lining.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to design a friction lining of the type described so that on the one hand meets the requirement for the lowest possible hydrodynamic friction and on the other hand the tendency to settle can be largely held back.
- the invention solves this problem in that the porosity of the resin-impregnated fabric in the area of the friction surface is greater than in the rest of the layer due to a lower resin content in one surface layer.
- the invention is based on the finding that the comparatively high porosity which is relevant for the friction behavior only has to be ensured in one surface layer of the friction surface, but the porosity of the remaining layer of the friction lining hardly plays a role for the friction behavior.
- the otherwise contradicting requirements on the one hand for good drainage of the lubricating fluid through the friction surface and on the other hand with regard to the lowest possible setting behavior can be advantageously met become.
- the fabric of which is partially impregnated with liquid resin and then subjected to a pressing pressure during the curing of the resin different paths can be taken.
- the resin is partially removed mechanically after curing in the area of the friction surface. This mechanical resin removal at least partially exposes the surface fibers of the tissue and removes locally coherent resin layers, which results in an advantageous, structured friction surface which, due to its structure, has the porosity required for dissipating the lubricating film.
- the mechanical removal of the resin can be achieved by brushing the friction surface. However, it is also possible to grind the resin out of the friction surface area or to use sandblasting for this.
- the resin does not need to be removed mechanically afterwards.
- sucking the resin out of the surface area of the friction surface when pressing the impregnated fabric for example with the aid of a suction film, which is placed on the resin-impregnated fiber layer before the resin has completely hardened and then subjected to a pressing pressure together with the fabric is so that the still sufficiently flowable resin is displaced from the layer adjacent to the absorbent sheet into the pores of the absorbent sheet.
- the resin-impregnated can then Suction film are removed from the friction surface, the released surface layer of the friction lining having a significantly lower resin content than the rest of the friction lining layer.
- FIG. 1 shows a detail of a friction lining according to the invention in a plan view
- FIG. 2 shows this friction lining in a section along the line II-II of FIG. 1 on a larger scale
- FIG. 3 shows a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2.
- the friction lining has a fabric 1 made of carbon fibers in a linen weave, the warp threads with 2 and the weft threads with 3 are designated. These warp and weft threads 2, 3 each consist of a large number of filaments, which, however, are not twisted.
- a surface layer h is largely freed of the resin, either mechanically or by suction with the aid of a suction film.
- the resin content is between 0 and 12%.
- the resin content which is indicated by cross hatching in FIGS. 2 and 3, will be between 40 and 70, preferably between 45 and 60%.
- the low resin content in the surface layer h results in a surface structure that is advantageous for the friction lining, both with regard to the friction behavior and with regard to the guidance of the lubricant.
- the invention is of course not limited to the structure of the friction lining shown.
- the friction lining could be multi-layered be built up so that the fabric 1 is applied to at least one further layer, for example a non-woven layer.
- this additional layer z. B. the sound transmission properties or the thermal insulation of the friction lining.
- the high heat resistance of the preferably used carbon fibers of the fabric 1 allows a higher thermal load on the friction lining if this higher thermal load does not endanger the binding of the friction lining to the friction lining carrier.
- the thermal load on the binding layer 5 between the friction lining and the friction lining carrier 6 can be limited by means of a heat-insulating intermediate layer.
- the structure of the fabric 1 can be different, both with regard to the fibers used and the weave. Although very different fibers can be used in special cases, high-modular aramid fibers with a length-related mass of 22 to 158 tex and glass fibers made of e-glass with a thickness of 22 to 300 tex are particularly suitable. Polyacrylonitrile-based high-strength carbon fibers are particularly suitable, non-twisted fiber bundles with 1000 to 6000 filaments, preferably 3000 filaments, being preferred. Linen, satin or twill weaves with a weight per unit area of between 80 and 400 g / m 2 , preferably 170 to 250 g / m 2 , are advantageously suitable for the fabrics.
- Resins can be thermosets, such as epoxy, phenol, polyurethane or polyamide resins, and thermoplastics, for example polysulfones, polyetherimides or polyether ketones, can be used.
- thermosets based on epoxy or phenolic resins have proven particularly useful.
- the treatment temperature when impregnating the fibers is to be selected as a function of the respective glass transition temperature, which should be greater than 120 ° C, preferably greater than 140 ° C.
- the resins used can be mixed with different different additives are used, for example to influence toughness or strength.
- a corresponding fabric 1 is first impregnated with resin, with the aid of a resin solution, a resin melt or a resin film. After partial curing of the resin, a suction film is applied to the later friction surface 4 in a preferred embodiment.
- Fabrics made of polyester or polyamide threads in a linen weave with a basis weight of 50 to 120 g / m 2 are particularly suitable as the absorbent film.
- the friction lining with the absorbent film is then subjected to a corresponding temperature treatment in a second treatment stage in order to ensure complete hardening of the resin. In this second treatment stage, the friction lining can be kept under a pressure, for example from 1 to 10 bar.
- Resin can also be removed without using a suction film by brushing, grinding or sandblasting the hardened surface of the friction lining.
- a commercially available fabric made of carbon fibers (high tenacity, 3000 filaments) in linen weave with a basis weight of 200 g / m 2 was impregnated with an epoxy resin based on bisphenol-A and a hardener based on methylenediamiline. In the impregnation system used, the solvent was eliminated and the fabric impregnated with resin was partially cured at a temperature of 180 ° C.
- the resin treated fabric in this manner had a basis weight of 377 g / m 2 with a glass transition point lower than 100 ° C.
- a polyamide fiber absorbent sheet with a basis weight of 65 g / m 2 was then applied to the fabric, on both sides, and the fabric with the absorbent sheets in a press under a pressure of 3 bar and a temperature of 160 ° C. for a period of time suspended from 4h. After curing of the resin, the Peeled off suction films.
- the partial removal of resin on the surface facing the friction lining carrier can improve the adhesion of the bonding layer between the friction lining and the friction lining carrier.
- the friction lining produced had a weight per unit area of 345 g / m 2 with a glass transition temperature of 140 ° C.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT209099 | 1999-12-13 | ||
AT209099 | 1999-12-13 | ||
PCT/AT2000/000338 WO2001044678A1 (en) | 1999-12-13 | 2000-12-13 | Friction lining for wet running |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1238205A1 true EP1238205A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
Family
ID=3527544
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00984605A Ceased EP1238205A1 (en) | 1999-12-13 | 2000-12-13 | Friction lining for wet running |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6811820B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1238205A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2125701A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001044678A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040147192A1 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-07-29 | Ballard Material Products Inc. | Carbon fiber friction material |
DE10334881A1 (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2005-03-03 | Sgl Carbon Ag | A method of making a carbon fiber fabric-based friction material for wet friction members and friction material produced by the method |
US7017845B2 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2006-03-28 | Penn Fishing Tackel Manufacturing Co. | Drag material and apparatus for fishing reels |
US7687022B2 (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2010-03-30 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Method for manufacturing a synchronizing ring |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4490201A (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1984-12-25 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Method of fabricating carbon composites |
JPH01269735A (en) | 1988-04-22 | 1989-10-27 | Akebono Brake Res & Dev Center Ltd | Wet friction material and manufacture thereof |
JPH02134427A (en) | 1988-11-11 | 1990-05-23 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Friction material and manufacture thereof |
US5446919A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1995-08-29 | Wilkins; Jeff K. | Communication system and method with demographically or psychographically defined audiences |
US5436045A (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1995-07-25 | Speedfam Corporation | Low abraision material comprising a fibrous matrix impregnated with a polyurethane resin wherein fiber ends are exposed on at least one surface of the material |
US5515098A (en) * | 1994-09-08 | 1996-05-07 | Carles; John B. | System and method for selectively distributing commercial messages over a communications network |
JP3831430B2 (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 2006-10-11 | Nskワーナー株式会社 | Method for producing wet friction material |
US5895716A (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1999-04-20 | The B.F. Goodrich Company | Wet friction materials, methods of making them, and apparatus containing the same |
US6002393A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1999-12-14 | Hite; Kenneth C. | System and method for delivering targeted advertisements to consumers using direct commands |
US5662993A (en) | 1995-09-08 | 1997-09-02 | General Motors Corporation | Carbon-based friction material for automotive continuous slip service |
US5858511A (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 1999-01-12 | Eaton Corporation | Grooved friction material, method of making same, and wet friction member using grooved friction material |
EP0943832A3 (en) | 1998-03-16 | 2001-01-31 | Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. | Friction material |
-
2000
- 2000-12-13 WO PCT/AT2000/000338 patent/WO2001044678A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-12-13 AU AU21257/01A patent/AU2125701A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-13 EP EP00984605A patent/EP1238205A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-12-13 US US10/149,638 patent/US6811820B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0144678A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2001044678A1 (en) | 2001-06-21 |
US20030104736A1 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
US6811820B2 (en) | 2004-11-02 |
AU2125701A (en) | 2001-06-25 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20020626 |
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18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 20070704 |