EP1234511A1 - Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak mittels katalytisch aktiven Material zum Reduzieren schädlicher Bestandteile von Tabakrauch - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak mittels katalytisch aktiven Material zum Reduzieren schädlicher Bestandteile von Tabakrauch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1234511A1
EP1234511A1 EP01810198A EP01810198A EP1234511A1 EP 1234511 A1 EP1234511 A1 EP 1234511A1 EP 01810198 A EP01810198 A EP 01810198A EP 01810198 A EP01810198 A EP 01810198A EP 1234511 A1 EP1234511 A1 EP 1234511A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
catalytically active
active material
distributing
conveyor belt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP01810198A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Walter M. Meier
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to EP01810198A priority Critical patent/EP1234511A1/de
Priority to EP01810928A priority patent/EP1234512A3/de
Priority to US10/078,492 priority patent/US20020195115A1/en
Publication of EP1234511A1 publication Critical patent/EP1234511A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
    • A24B15/246—Polycyclic aromatic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/287—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by inorganic substances only

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for treating tobacco with catalytically active material for reducing toxic components in tobacco smoke of smokers' articles, particularly of cigarettes.
  • mainstream smoke is the smoke which enters the mouth of the smoker when he draws on the cigarette through the filter part
  • sidestream smoke is the smoke which is released by the smoldering combustion of the cigarette in the interim phases. From technical literature it can be learned that approximately twice as much tobacco is burned during the glowing of a cigarette between the puffs than during the puffs.
  • Described in EP-A-0740 907 are smokers' articles wherein the tobacco is comprises a catalyst of a zeolite compound. It is proposed that the catalyst in the tobacco be bound to the tobacco with or without a binding agent, such as silica gel or attapulgite, a meerschaum-like clay mineral. Attempts to fix catalyst particles on the tobacco by electrostatic deposition failed. The catalyst particles were observed to discharge on the tobacco fibers within seconds and sputtered. It was found that the use of binding agents has serious drawbacks because the catalytic activity of the material which is bound by the agent is affected. Without binding agent, the binding strength of the catalytically active material to the tobacco is not sufficient, and therefore a separation of the catalyst from the material can occur easily during the manufacturing process of smokers' articles or during transportation.
  • a binding agent such as silica gel or attapulgite, a meerschaum-like clay mineral.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a method for binding catalytically active material to tobacco without the above mentioned drawbacks.
  • Zeolitic materials both natural and synthetic, in appropriate form, can have catalytic capabilities for various kinds of organic reactions.
  • Zeolites are microporous crystalline aluminosilicates which have definite crystal structures having a large number of cavities connected to each other by channels. These cavities and channels are absolutely uniform in size, and their dimensions can be determined by probe molecules as well as by crystal structure analysis. In most cases these data are known and do not have to be determined further. Since the dimensions of these pores are such that they sorb molecules of particular dimensions while rejecting those of larger dimensions, these materials have come to be known as "molecular sieves" and are utilized in a variety of ways to take advantage of these properties.
  • Such molecular sieves comprise a large variety of structural types (nearly 100; cf. W.M. Meier, D.H. Olson and Ch. Baerlocher, Atlas of Zeolite Structure Types, 4rd Edition, 1996, Elsevier) of crystalline aluminosilicates and isostructural materials with free pore diameters in the range of 0.3 to 1.3 nm or 3 to 13 ⁇ .
  • These aluminosilicates can be described as a rigid three-dimensional network of SiO 4 and AlO 4 , wherein the tetrahedra are cross-linked by sharing of oxygen atoms, the ratio of all aluminium and silicon atoms to oxygen being 1:2.
  • Such a network containing aluminium is negatively charged, and requires for charge balance one monovalent cation (e.g. Na or K) or half a divalent cation (e.g. Ca) for each Al in the network.
  • monovalent cation e.g. Na or K
  • divalent cation e.g. Ca
  • Cation exchange is a possible means of fine tuning the critical pore diameter in a particular application.
  • zeolite-like molecular sieves The pore volume of a typical zeolite is occupied by water molecules before dehydration.
  • Dehydrated or activated zeolites are excellent sorbents for molecules which are small enough to pass through the apertures of the sieve.
  • Syntheses using organic cations have led to "high silica zeolites", which contain only few Al in the network, if any at all, and the composition approaches that of SiO 2 .
  • High silica zeolites are not unanimously considered to be zeolites; although they have the same kind of structure, their exchange capacities are comparatively low, their selectivities very different, and these materials are hydrophobic. Consequently they are referred to as zeolite-like molecular sieves in this specification, following widespread usage.
  • the sieving effect of the molecular sieve is based on the pore size. Sorption is also controlled by electrostatic interactions. Many of the chemical and physical properties are dependent upon the Al content of the zeolite.
  • a rising modulus means an increased temperature stability, up to 1000 °C in the case of silicalite, which is a molecular sieve with a pure SiO 2 framework structure.
  • the selectivity of the inner surfaces changes from strongly polar and hydrophilic in the case of the molecular sieves rich in aluminium to a polar and hydrophobic in the case of a zeolite with a modulus > 400.
  • the object of the present invention can be achieved by incorporating certain zeolites or zeolite-like molecular sieves or other catalytically active material, which fulfil the necessary catalytic criteria, into tobacco by distributing the catalytically active material regularly on conditioned tobacco and by pressing the catalytically active material on the tobacco.
  • the catalytic properties of the material which is pressed on the tobacco can develop its catalytic activity completely.
  • the advantage is that the pores of the material remain open.
  • the method assures an even distribution of catalyst particles on the tobacco which is all-important.
  • the subject matter of this invention is a process for treating of tobacco with catalytically active materials, e.g. zeolites as well as non-zeolites, like oxides of aluminum and silicon having a surface area of around 100 m2/g or more, consisting of the steps of
  • the catalytic active material is distributed evenly on the smoking tobacco.
  • the tobacco can comprise leaves or reconstituted tobacco sheets, cut or uncut.
  • the tobacco is made reasonably soft by conditioning it, i.e. it has a defined degree of moisture. If the tobacco is too dry it is brittle and not suitable for receiving the catalytic material.
  • the catalyst is pressed on the tobacco by a single or double layer cylinder press.
  • a single or double layer cylinder press can work in combination with a conveyor belt.
  • the process can be carried out with two or more distributing and pressing steps, e.g. on the upper and lower side of the tobacco.
  • the catalyst content in relation to the tobacco is about 4 - 8 % (wt/wt).
  • the present invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawing showing a double layer cylinder press adapted to the method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a double layer cylinder press 1 equipped with conveyor belts 11,12 and devices 7, 8, 9, 10 which are adapted to the present method.
  • a first conveyor belt 11 is carried by the cylinders 2 and 6. Tobacco is distributed on the belt 11 by the tobacco dispenser 7.
  • a flattener 8 is responsible for regularizing the distributed tobacco T.
  • a suitable amount of catalytically active compound C1 is layered on the tobacco layer T by a catalyst supply device 9. After this step the belt 11 moves into a first cylinder press formed by the cylinders 5 and 6. These cylinders exercise an adjustable pressure on the tobacco/catalyst layer T, C1 for binding the catalyst on the soft tobacco particles.
  • a second conveyor belt joins to the tobacco/catalyst layer at the catalyst side.
  • the two conveyor belts carry the tobacco layer around the cylinder 6: the layer is now turned, i.e. the catalyst layer C1 is on the lower side of the layer and directly on the second conveyor belt 12, and is supported by this belt, whereas the first belt 11 is moving away from the tobacco layer.
  • a scraper 13 is cleansing the first belt of tobacco particles, which fall back on the tobacco layer T.
  • this layer moves on the second belt 12, passing a second catalyst supply 10, where a further layer C2 of catalytically active material is put on the tobacco layer T.
  • the layers C1, T, C2 are introduced into a second cylinder press, formed by the cylinders 3 and 4, which exercise again a suitable pressure on the tobacco layer, carrying on both sides a catalyst layer.
  • the loose catalyst is also bound on the tobacco particles of the layer on the belt 12.
  • the dust of catalyst not bound is removed, and the tobacco carrying a catalytically active compound exits, and is ready for direct use or storage.
  • acidic and hydrophilic zeolites saturated with water, including zeolites X, Y, L, mordenite and BETA, are used in the tobacco and are bound to the tobacco, without a binding agent, according to the present invention.
  • these molecular sieves function as catalysts and, with respect to the noxious components of the smoke, have positive effects during combustion of the tobacco without a residue being left in the ashes which is harmful to the environment.
  • the noxious substances such as lower aldehydes, nitrosamines and the like, are considerably reduced in the mainstream smoke and in the sidestream smoke, without affecting the taste.
  • the tobacco blend type (Amercan blend Type) was received from a tobacco lot ready for cigarette manufacture and kept in a humidifier. 5% by weight of synthetic faujasite in powder form (obtained from CU Uetikon, Switzerland) were pressed on the tobacco in using a cylinder press rolled on a rubber belt. Hand rolled cigarettes of 1 g each were then prepared. In the sidestream a reduction of 50 % of PAH was observed using the method described by Meier and Siegmann, Microporous an Mesoporous Materials, 33 (1999) 307.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
EP01810198A 2001-02-26 2001-02-26 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak mittels katalytisch aktiven Material zum Reduzieren schädlicher Bestandteile von Tabakrauch Withdrawn EP1234511A1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01810198A EP1234511A1 (de) 2001-02-26 2001-02-26 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak mittels katalytisch aktiven Material zum Reduzieren schädlicher Bestandteile von Tabakrauch
EP01810928A EP1234512A3 (de) 2001-02-26 2001-09-24 Tabakprodukt mit katalytisch aktivem Material, seine Verwendung in einem Raucherartikel und Verfahren zur Herstellung
US10/078,492 US20020195115A1 (en) 2001-02-26 2002-02-21 Tobacco product carrying catalytically active material and its use in a smokers' article

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01810198A EP1234511A1 (de) 2001-02-26 2001-02-26 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak mittels katalytisch aktiven Material zum Reduzieren schädlicher Bestandteile von Tabakrauch

Publications (1)

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EP1234511A1 true EP1234511A1 (de) 2002-08-28

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EP01810198A Withdrawn EP1234511A1 (de) 2001-02-26 2001-02-26 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabak mittels katalytisch aktiven Material zum Reduzieren schädlicher Bestandteile von Tabakrauch

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008056011A1 (es) 2006-11-07 2008-05-15 Universidad De Alicante Mezclas tabaco-catalizador para la reducción de los compuestos tóxicos presentes en el humo del tabaco

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3002863A (en) * 1960-06-20 1961-10-03 Richard J Shaw Smoking tobacco mixture and method of making
US3703901A (en) * 1971-03-11 1972-11-28 Liggett & Myers Inc Tobacco composition
US3840026A (en) * 1972-08-23 1974-10-08 Rosen Enterprises Inc Method of treating tobacco
EP0740907A1 (de) * 1995-05-03 1996-11-06 F. J. Burrus SA Rauchartikel
US5671758A (en) * 1994-12-13 1997-09-30 Rongved; Paul I. Catalytic cigarette smoke cleaning devise and process

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3002863A (en) * 1960-06-20 1961-10-03 Richard J Shaw Smoking tobacco mixture and method of making
US3703901A (en) * 1971-03-11 1972-11-28 Liggett & Myers Inc Tobacco composition
US3840026A (en) * 1972-08-23 1974-10-08 Rosen Enterprises Inc Method of treating tobacco
US5671758A (en) * 1994-12-13 1997-09-30 Rongved; Paul I. Catalytic cigarette smoke cleaning devise and process
EP0740907A1 (de) * 1995-05-03 1996-11-06 F. J. Burrus SA Rauchartikel

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008056011A1 (es) 2006-11-07 2008-05-15 Universidad De Alicante Mezclas tabaco-catalizador para la reducción de los compuestos tóxicos presentes en el humo del tabaco

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