EP1230484A1 - Piston vacuum pump - Google Patents

Piston vacuum pump

Info

Publication number
EP1230484A1
EP1230484A1 EP00972836A EP00972836A EP1230484A1 EP 1230484 A1 EP1230484 A1 EP 1230484A1 EP 00972836 A EP00972836 A EP 00972836A EP 00972836 A EP00972836 A EP 00972836A EP 1230484 A1 EP1230484 A1 EP 1230484A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
elastic device
connecting rod
vacuum pump
bearing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00972836A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Dreifert
Jürgen Meyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leybold GmbH
Original Assignee
Leybold Vakuum GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leybold Vakuum GmbH filed Critical Leybold Vakuum GmbH
Publication of EP1230484A1 publication Critical patent/EP1230484A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/10—Connection to driving members
    • F16J1/14—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections
    • F16J1/16—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections with gudgeon-pin; Gudgeon-pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/36—Engines with parts of combustion- or working-chamber walls resiliently yielding under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0027—Pulsation and noise damping means
    • F04B39/0044—Pulsation and noise damping means with vibration damping supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/10—Connection to driving members
    • F16J1/14—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections
    • F16J1/16—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections with gudgeon-pin; Gudgeon-pins
    • F16J1/18—Securing of gudgeon-pins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston vacuum pump with at least one piston which is driven by a connecting rod.
  • Piston vacuum pumps have pistons that are each driven by a connecting rod. Such piston vacuum pumps are described in EP 0 280 264 and DE 196 34 519 AI. In these pumps, roller or plain bearings are usually used to support the connecting rod in the piston. These bearings are rigidly connected to the piston and the connecting rod.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a piston vacuum pump with and low-noise operation and to reduce the load on the pump bearings.
  • the noise source mentioned is of little importance for other machines equipped with crankshafts, such as compressors and motors, compared to other sources.
  • the lubricating film also dampens structure-borne noise in oil-lubricated piston machines. Such a lubricating film is not available with dry-running piston vacuum pumps.
  • the piston vacuum pump according to the invention is robust, reliable and insensitive to high temperatures. It ensures a reliable transmission of relatively high periodically changing piston forces and causes only a slight intervention in the adjacent components.
  • the elastic device can be arranged such that it carries the piston pin inside the piston, a piston bearing of the connecting rod being seated on the piston pin. Standard bearings can be used here.
  • An alternative possibility provides that the elastic device is arranged in the course of the connecting rod. Common bearings are also used here.
  • the elastic device is integrated in the piston bearing of the connecting rod. There are also numerous embodiments for this latter variant.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the connection between the piston and piston pin in a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a second exemplary embodiment in which the elastic device is part of the connecting rod
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a third exemplary embodiment in which the elastic device is part of the piston
  • 4 shows a schematic illustration of a fourth exemplary embodiment in which the elastic device is part of the piston bearing
  • FIG. 5 shows a constructive embodiment of the example from FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 6 shows a constructive embodiment of the example from FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 7 shows a constructive embodiment of the example of Fig. 3 and
  • FIGS. 1 A first figure.
  • the piston 10 of a piston vacuum pump is connected to a connecting rod 11 via a piston bearing 12.
  • the piston bearing 12 is located in the hollow interior 13 of the piston 10.
  • the piston 10 has an essentially cylindrical peripheral wall 14 and a flat end wall 15. The end of the piston 10 facing away from the end wall is open.
  • the connecting rod 11 projects through this end.
  • the connecting rod 11 is mounted on the piston pin 16, which runs parallel to the end wall 15 in the interior 13.
  • the piston pin 16 is supported on the end wall 15 by an elastic device EV, which in the present case consists of two elastomer cushions 17, 18.
  • the main direction of action of the elastic device EV is axially parallel to the piston 10.
  • the elastic device EV also has a damping function.
  • the elastic device EV is integrated into the connecting rod 11, specifically at the transition between connecting rod 11 and piston bearing 12.
  • the piston pin 16 is rigidly connected to the end wall 15 or the peripheral wall of the piston 10.
  • the piston pin 16 is mounted on the piston 10 with an elastic device EV.
  • the elastic device EV is located in the region of the peripheral wall 14 of the piston.
  • the elastic device EV is integrated in the piston bearing 12, with which the connecting rod 11 is mounted on the piston pin 16.
  • Fig. 5 shows a constructive embodiment of the example of Fig. 1 in a dry-running vacuum pump.
  • the piston bearing 12 includes a roller bearing 20, e.g. a needle bearing, which is arranged in a transverse bore of the head of the piston rod 11 and sits on the piston pin 16.
  • the roller bearing 20 has an outer ring 21, an inner ring 22 and rolling elements 23.
  • the piston pin 16 is fastened with damping bolts 24 and 25 on the inside of the end wall 15. These damping bolts contain the. Elastomer cushion 17 and 18 and form the elastic device EV.
  • FIG. 6 shows the implementation of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2.
  • the piston bearing 12 sits on the piston pin 16 and is inserted into a transverse bore in the head 26 of the connecting rod 11.
  • the elastic device EV is integrated in the connecting rod 11, namely directly adjacent to the head piece 26.
  • the head piece 26 is to this Purpose provided with a lug '27, which the connecting rod 11 is immersed in a fork-shaped receptacle 28th
  • elastomer cushions 29, 30 which form the elastic device EV. Shocks that act in the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod 11 produce shear stresses on the elastomer cushions 29.30.
  • Fig. 7 shows a practical embodiment of the diagram of Fig. 3.
  • the piston pin 16 is supported in transverse bores of the peripheral wall 14.
  • the elastic device EV sits in the transverse bores in the form of an elastomeric tube piece 31, which surrounds the end of the piston pin 16, or an arrangement of O-rings 32. This allows the piston pin 16 to move within limits transversely to its axial direction, while the elastic device EV is deformed.
  • the coupling between the connecting rod 11 and the piston pin 16 via the piston bearing 12 is a direct coupling without damping elements.
  • the figures 8 to 13 show different variants of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 4.
  • a roller bearing 20 is mounted in the head 26 of the connecting rod 11, in which the piston pin 16 is mounted.
  • the piston pin 16 is provided with projecting arms 33 with which it is screwed onto the end wall 15. Furthermore, the piston pin 16 is provided with two circumferential grooves 34, 35, in each of which a few O-rings 36 sit, which form the elastic device EV.
  • the piston pin 16 has a diameter which is considerably smaller, so that the piston pin can move radially relative to the rolling bearing than the inside diameter of 'the inner ring of the rolling bearing 20th This radial movement is cushioned by the O-rings 36.
  • Fig. 9 shows an embodiment similar to that of Fig. 8, wherein the elastic device EV consists of an elastomer hose 38 which surrounds the piston pin 16 and is seated in the inner ring 22 of the rolling bearing.
  • the elastic device EV consists of an elastomer ring 39, which is arranged between the inner ring 22 of the rolling bearing and the piston pin 16 and vulcanized onto these two parts.
  • the elastic device EV consists of chambered O-rings 40, which are each arranged in a circumferential groove of the piston pin 16 and protrude radially therefrom and support the inner ring 22 of the rolling bearing.
  • FIG. 12 corresponds to that of FIG. 9, with the difference that the piston pin 16 has sections 41 of reduced diameter which are surrounded by the elastomer ring 39.
  • the spring line of the elastomer hose can be influenced by the changes in diameter. With this construction, one part of the elastomer hose 38 is constantly carrying and another part is only carrying in the case of high loads, which makes the characteristic curve stiffer. It can also be seen from FIG. 12 how the components can be axially secured in a simple manner by projecting edges.
  • the elastic device EV is provided in the form of an elastomer hose 38 so that it surrounds the piston bearing 12.
  • the elastic device is thus located between the piston bearing 12 and the bore of the head piece 26.
  • materials for the elastic device include fluorine rubber FPM / FQM / FFKM (e.g. Viton), acrylic rubber ACM and silicone rubber VMQ / FVMQ / PVMQ.
  • Silicone rubber has the particular advantage of low internal damping, so that only a small amount of additional heat, which arises from periodic elastic deformation of the material, has to be dissipated and the material does not damage itself. Silicone components hardly change their properties and shape in the described installation situations, making them ideal for this application.

Abstract

The invention relates to a piston vacuum pump, in which the joint, between the piston (10) and the connecting rod (11), which controls said piston, contains an elastic device (EV). In this manner pulsation and vibration, from the connecting rod (11), is isolated from the piston (10). A clear reduction in the noise level and an increased bearing life are thus achieved.

Description

Kolben-Vakuumpumpe Piston vacuum pump
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kolben-Vakuumpumpe mit mindestens einem Kolben, der von einer Pleuelstange angetrieben wird.The invention relates to a piston vacuum pump with at least one piston which is driven by a connecting rod.
Kolben-Vakuumpumpen haben Kolben, die jeweils über eine Pleuelstange angetrieben sind. Solche Kolben-Vakuumpumpen sind beschrieben in EP 0 280 264 und DE 196 34 519 AI. Bei diesen Pumpen werden üblicherweise Wälz- oder Gleitlager zur Lagerung der Pleuelstange im Kolben eingesetzt. Diese Lager sind starr mit dem Kolben und der Pleuelstange verbunden.Piston vacuum pumps have pistons that are each driven by a connecting rod. Such piston vacuum pumps are described in EP 0 280 264 and DE 196 34 519 AI. In these pumps, roller or plain bearings are usually used to support the connecting rod in the piston. These bearings are rigidly connected to the piston and the connecting rod.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kolben- Vakuumpumpe mit und schallarmem Betrieb zu schaffen und die Belastung der Pumpenlager zu reduzieren.The invention has for its object to provide a piston vacuum pump with and low-noise operation and to reduce the load on the pump bearings.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Hiernach sind der Kolben und die Pleuelstange durch eine elastische Vorrichtung verbunden. Diese elastische Vorrichtung dämpft Schläge, die durch das Lagerspiel und den Kraftrichtungswechsel hervorgerufen werden, und verhindert, dass Körperschall, der durch Schläge, welche durch Lagerspiel und Wechsel der Kraftrichtung erzeugt werden, aus dem Kurbeltrieb über das Lager direkt an den Kolben und an die Gehäuseaußenwände weitergeleitet wird. Außerdem führen Kraftrichtungswechsel zu einem schlagartigen Wechsel der geführten Kolbenseite. Während eine relativ starre Verbindung des Kolbens mit der Pleuelstange besonders starke Stöße zur Folge hat, werden gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung diese Stöße durch die elastische Vorrichtung abgefangen bzw. gedämpft. Das führt insbesondere bei kleinen txockenlaufenden Kolben-Vakuumpumpen zu einer deutlichen Verminderung des Geräuschspektrums. Die genannte Geräuschquelle fällt bei anderen mit Kurbelwellen versehenen Maschinen, wie Kompressoren und Motoren, gegenüber anderen Quellen kaum ins Gewicht. Bei ölgeschmierten Kolbenmaschinen dämpft außerdem der Schmierfilm die Körperschallübertragung. Ein solcher Schmierfilm ist bei trockenlaufenden Kolben- Vakuumpumpen nicht vorhanden.This object is achieved according to the invention with the features specified in claim 1. After that, the piston and the connecting rod are through an elastic device connected. This elastic device dampens impacts caused by the bearing play and the change in direction of force and prevents structure-borne noise caused by impacts caused by bearing play and change in the direction of force from the crank mechanism via the bearing directly to the piston and to the housing outer walls is forwarded. In addition, changing the direction of force leads to a sudden change in the guided piston side. While a relatively rigid connection of the piston to the connecting rod results in particularly strong impacts, according to the present invention these impacts are absorbed or damped by the elastic device. This leads to a significant reduction in the noise spectrum, particularly in the case of small piston-running piston vacuum pumps. The noise source mentioned is of little importance for other machines equipped with crankshafts, such as compressors and motors, compared to other sources. The lubricating film also dampens structure-borne noise in oil-lubricated piston machines. Such a lubricating film is not available with dry-running piston vacuum pumps.
Durch die elastische Vorrichtung in der Verbindung zwischen Pleuelstange und Kolben wird der Schallpegel der Pumpe erheblich reduziert. Durch eine Verringerung der Schlagbeanspruchung des Kolbens ergibt sich eine erhöhte Lagerlebensdauer. Infolge des elastischen Ausgleichs von Formund Lagetoleranzen werden die an die Bauteilgenauigkeit zu stellenden Ansprüche verringert. Die erfindungsgemäße Kolben- Vakuumpumpe ist robust, betriebssicher und unempfindlich gegenüber hohen Temperaturen. Sie bewirkt eine sichere Übertragung relativ hoher periodisch wechselnder Kolbenkräfte und bewirkt einen nur geringen Eingriff in die angrenzenden Bauteile. Für die Realisierung der Erfindung bzw. die Anordnung und Gestaltung der elastischen Vorrichtung gibt es zahlreiche Möglichkeiten. So kann die elastische Vorrichtung so angeordnet sein, dass sie den Kolbenbolzen im Innern des Kolbens trägt, wobei auf dem Kolbenbolzen ein Kolbenlager der Pleuelstange sitzt. Hierbei können übliche Standardlager benutzt werden. Eine alternative Möglichkeit sieht vor, dass die elastische Vorrichtung im Verlauf der Pleuelstange angeordnet ist. Auch hier werden übliche Lager verwendet. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Variante der Erfindung ist die elastische Vorrichtung in das Kolbenlager der Pleuelstange integriert. Auch für diese letztgenannte Variante gibt es zahlreiche Ausführungsformen.Due to the elastic device in the connection between the connecting rod and the piston, the noise level of the pump is considerably reduced. By reducing the impact stress on the piston, the bearing life is increased. As a result of the elastic compensation of shape and position tolerances, the demands placed on component accuracy are reduced. The piston vacuum pump according to the invention is robust, reliable and insensitive to high temperatures. It ensures a reliable transmission of relatively high periodically changing piston forces and causes only a slight intervention in the adjacent components. There are numerous possibilities for realizing the invention or for arranging and designing the elastic device. For example, the elastic device can be arranged such that it carries the piston pin inside the piston, a piston bearing of the connecting rod being seated on the piston pin. Standard bearings can be used here. An alternative possibility provides that the elastic device is arranged in the course of the connecting rod. Common bearings are also used here. According to a preferred variant of the invention, the elastic device is integrated in the piston bearing of the connecting rod. There are also numerous embodiments for this latter variant.
Im folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung der Verbindung zwischen Kolben und Kolbenbolzen bei einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,1 is a schematic representation of the connection between the piston and piston pin in a first embodiment,
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels, bei dem die elastische Vorrichtung Bestandteil der Pleuelstange ist,2 shows a schematic illustration of a second exemplary embodiment in which the elastic device is part of the connecting rod,
Fig. 3 eine schematische Darstellung eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels, bei dem die elastische Vorrichtung Bestandteil des Kolbens ist, Fig. 4 eine schematische Darstellung eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels, bei dem die elastische Vorrichtung Bestandteil des Kolbenlagers ist,3 shows a schematic illustration of a third exemplary embodiment in which the elastic device is part of the piston, 4 shows a schematic illustration of a fourth exemplary embodiment in which the elastic device is part of the piston bearing,
Fig. 5 eine konstruktive Ausführung des Beispiels von Fig. 1,5 shows a constructive embodiment of the example from FIG. 1,
Fig. 6 eine konstruktive Ausführung des Beispiels von Fig. 2,6 shows a constructive embodiment of the example from FIG. 2,
Fig. 7 eine konstruktive Ausführung des Beispiels von Fig. 3 undFig. 7 shows a constructive embodiment of the example of Fig. 3 and
Fign.FIGS.
8 - 14 konstruktive Ausgestaltungen des Beispiels von Fig. 4.8 - 14 constructive configurations of the example from FIG. 4.
Gemäß Fig. 1 ist der Kolben 10 einer Kolben-Vakuumpumpe mit einer Pleuelstange 11 über ein Kolbenlager 12 verbunden. Das Kolbenlager 12 befindet sich in dem hohlen Innenraum 13 des Kolbens 10. Der Kolben 10 weist eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Umfangswand 14 und eine ebene Stirnwand 15 auf. Das der Stirnwand abgewandte Ende des Kolbens 10 ist offen. Durch dieses Ende ragt die Pleuelstange 11 hindurch. Mit dem Kolbenlager 12 ist die Pleuelstange 11 an dem Kolbenbolzen 16 gelagert, welcher parallel zu der Stirnwand 15 im Innenraum 13 verläuft. Der Kolbenbolzen 16 ist mit einer elastischen Vorrichtung EV, die im vorliegenden Fall aus zwei Elastomerkissen 17,18 besteht, an der Stirnwand 15 abgestützt. Die Hauptwirkungsrichtung der elastischen Vorrichtung EV verläuft achsparallel zum Kolben 10. Die elastische Vorrichtung EV hat auch eine Dämpfungsfunktion. Sie eliminiert Vibrationen, Schläge und Stöße, die von der Pleuelstange 11 kommen, und verhindert deren Übertragung auf den Kolben 10. Andererseits verhindert sie auch die Übertragung von Schwingungen in umgekehrter Richtung. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 2 ist die elastische Vorrichtung EV in die Pleuelstange 11 integriert, und zwar am Übergang zwischen Pleuelstange 11 und Kolbenlager 12. Der Kolbenbolzen 16 ist starr mit der Stirnwand 15 oder der Umfangswand des Kolbens 10 verbunden.1, the piston 10 of a piston vacuum pump is connected to a connecting rod 11 via a piston bearing 12. The piston bearing 12 is located in the hollow interior 13 of the piston 10. The piston 10 has an essentially cylindrical peripheral wall 14 and a flat end wall 15. The end of the piston 10 facing away from the end wall is open. The connecting rod 11 projects through this end. With the piston bearing 12, the connecting rod 11 is mounted on the piston pin 16, which runs parallel to the end wall 15 in the interior 13. The piston pin 16 is supported on the end wall 15 by an elastic device EV, which in the present case consists of two elastomer cushions 17, 18. The main direction of action of the elastic device EV is axially parallel to the piston 10. The elastic device EV also has a damping function. It eliminates vibrations, impacts and shocks that come from the connecting rod 11 and prevents their transmission to the piston 10. On the other hand, it also prevents the transmission of vibrations in the opposite direction. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the elastic device EV is integrated into the connecting rod 11, specifically at the transition between connecting rod 11 and piston bearing 12. The piston pin 16 is rigidly connected to the end wall 15 or the peripheral wall of the piston 10.
Gemäß Fig. 3 ist der Kolbenbolzen 16 mit einer elastischen Vorrichtung EV an dem Kolben 10 gelagert. Im Gegensatz zu Fig. 1 befindet sich die elastische Vorrichtung EV im Bereich der Umfangswand 14 des Kolbens.3, the piston pin 16 is mounted on the piston 10 with an elastic device EV. In contrast to FIG. 1, the elastic device EV is located in the region of the peripheral wall 14 of the piston.
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 4 ist die elastische Vorrichtung EV in das Kolbenlager 12 integriert, mit dem die Pleuelstange 11 an dem Kolbenbolzen 16 gelagert ist.In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the elastic device EV is integrated in the piston bearing 12, with which the connecting rod 11 is mounted on the piston pin 16.
Fig. 5 zeigt eine konstruktive Ausführung des Beispiels von Fig. 1 bei einer trockenlaufenden Vakuumpumpe. Das Kolbenlager 12 enthält ein Wälzlager 20, z.B. ein Nadellager, welches in einer Querbohrung des Kopfes der Kolbenstange 11 angeordnet ist und auf dem Kolbenbolzen 16 sitzt. Das Wälzlager 20 weist einen Außenring 21, einen Innenring 22 sowie Wälzkörper 23 auf. Der Kolbenbolzen 16 ist mit Dämpfungsbolzen 24 und 25 an der Innenseite der Stirnwand 15 befestigt. Diese Dämpfungsbolzen enthalten die . Elastomerkissen 17 und 18 und bilden die elastische Vorrichtung EV.Fig. 5 shows a constructive embodiment of the example of Fig. 1 in a dry-running vacuum pump. The piston bearing 12 includes a roller bearing 20, e.g. a needle bearing, which is arranged in a transverse bore of the head of the piston rod 11 and sits on the piston pin 16. The roller bearing 20 has an outer ring 21, an inner ring 22 and rolling elements 23. The piston pin 16 is fastened with damping bolts 24 and 25 on the inside of the end wall 15. These damping bolts contain the. Elastomer cushion 17 and 18 and form the elastic device EV.
In Fig. 6 ist die Realisierung des Ausführungsbeispiels von Fig. 2 dargestellt. Auf dem Kolbenbolzen 16 sitzt das Kolbenlager 12, das in eine Querbohrung des Kopfes 26 der Pleuelstange 11 eingesetzt ist. Die elastische Vorrichtung EV ist in die Pleuelstange 11 integriert, und zwar unmittelbar angrenzend an das Kopfstück 26. Das Kopfstück 26 ist zu diesem Zweck mit einem Ansatz '27 versehen, welcher in eine gabelförmige Aufnahme 28 der Pleuelstange 11 eintaucht. Zwischen dem Ansatz 27 und den Wänden der Aufnahme 28 befinden sich Elastomerkissen 29,30, die die elastische Vorrichtung EV bilden. Stöße, die in Längsrichtung der Pleuelstange 11 wirken, erzeugen an den Elastomerkissen 29,30 Scherbeanspruchungen.FIG. 6 shows the implementation of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2. The piston bearing 12 sits on the piston pin 16 and is inserted into a transverse bore in the head 26 of the connecting rod 11. The elastic device EV is integrated in the connecting rod 11, namely directly adjacent to the head piece 26. The head piece 26 is to this Purpose provided with a lug '27, which the connecting rod 11 is immersed in a fork-shaped receptacle 28th Between the shoulder 27 and the walls of the receptacle 28 there are elastomer cushions 29, 30 which form the elastic device EV. Shocks that act in the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod 11 produce shear stresses on the elastomer cushions 29.30.
Fig. 7 zeigt eine praktische Ausführung des Schemas von Fig. 3. Der Kolbenbolzen 16 ist hierbei in Querbohrungen der Umfangswand 14 abgestützt. In den Querbohrungen sitzt die elastische Vorrichtung EV in Form eines elastomeren Schlauchstücks 31, das das Ende des Kolbenbolzens 16 umgibt, oder einer Anordnung aus O-Ringen 32. Dadurch kann der Kolbenbolzen 16 sich quer zu seiner Achsrichtung in Grenzen bewegen, während die elastische Vorrichtung EV verformt wird. Dagegen ist die Kopplung zwischen Pleuelstange 11 und Kolbenbolzen 16 über das Kolbenlager 12 eine direkte Kopplung ohne dämpfende Elemente. Die Fign. 8 bis 13 zeigen verschiedene Varianten des Ausführungsbeispiels von Fig. 4.Fig. 7 shows a practical embodiment of the diagram of Fig. 3. The piston pin 16 is supported in transverse bores of the peripheral wall 14. The elastic device EV sits in the transverse bores in the form of an elastomeric tube piece 31, which surrounds the end of the piston pin 16, or an arrangement of O-rings 32. This allows the piston pin 16 to move within limits transversely to its axial direction, while the elastic device EV is deformed. In contrast, the coupling between the connecting rod 11 and the piston pin 16 via the piston bearing 12 is a direct coupling without damping elements. The figures 8 to 13 show different variants of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 4.
Gemäß Fig. 8 ist in dem Kopf 26 der Pleuelstange 11 ein Wälzlager 20 montiert, in welchem der Kolbenbolzen 16 gelagert ist. Der Kolbenbolzen 16 ist- mit abstehenden Auslegern 33 versehen, mit denen er an der Stirnwand 15 festgeschraubt ist. Ferner ist der Kolbenbolzen 16 mit zwei Umfangsnuten 34,35 versehen, in denen jeweils einige O-Ringe 36 sitzen, welche die elastische Vorrichtung EV bilden. Der Kolbenbolzen 16 hat einen Durchmesser, der deutlich kleiner ist als der lichte Durchmesser des' Innenringes des Wälzlagers 20, so dass der Kolbenbolzen sich relativ zu dem Wälzlager radial bewegen kann. Diese Radialbewegung wird durch die O-Ringe 36 abgefedert. Fig. 9 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel ähnlich demjenigen von Fig. 8, wobei die elastische Vorrichtung EV aus einem Elastomerschlauch 38 besteht, welcher den Kolbenbolzen 16 umgibt und in dem Innenring 22 des Wälzlagers sitzt.8, a roller bearing 20 is mounted in the head 26 of the connecting rod 11, in which the piston pin 16 is mounted. The piston pin 16 is provided with projecting arms 33 with which it is screwed onto the end wall 15. Furthermore, the piston pin 16 is provided with two circumferential grooves 34, 35, in each of which a few O-rings 36 sit, which form the elastic device EV. The piston pin 16 has a diameter which is considerably smaller, so that the piston pin can move radially relative to the rolling bearing than the inside diameter of 'the inner ring of the rolling bearing 20th This radial movement is cushioned by the O-rings 36. Fig. 9 shows an embodiment similar to that of Fig. 8, wherein the elastic device EV consists of an elastomer hose 38 which surrounds the piston pin 16 and is seated in the inner ring 22 of the rolling bearing.
Gemäß Fig. 10 besteht die elastische Vorrichtung EV aus einem Elastomerring 39, der zwischen dem Innenring 22 des Wälzlagers und dem Kolbenbolzen 16 angeordnet und an diese beiden Teile anvulkanisiert ist.10, the elastic device EV consists of an elastomer ring 39, which is arranged between the inner ring 22 of the rolling bearing and the piston pin 16 and vulcanized onto these two parts.
Gemäß Fig. 11 besteht die elastische Vorrichtung EV aus gekammerten O-Ringen 40, die jeweils in einer Umfangsnut des Kolbenbolzens 16 angeordnet sind und aus dieser radial herausragen und die Abstützung des Innenrings 22 des Wälzlagers bewirken.11, the elastic device EV consists of chambered O-rings 40, which are each arranged in a circumferential groove of the piston pin 16 and protrude radially therefrom and support the inner ring 22 of the rolling bearing.
Die Variante von Fig. 12 entspricht derjenigen von Fig. 9, mit dem Unterschied, dass der Kolbenbolzen 16 Abschnitte 41 verringerten Durchmessers hat, die von dem Elastomerring 39 umgeben werden. Durch die Durchmesseränderungen kann die Federlinie des Elastomerschlauchs beeinflußt werden. Bei dieser Konstruktion trägt ein Teil des Elastomerschlauchs 38 ständig und ein anderer Teil trägt erst im Fall hoher Lasten, wodurch die Kennlinie steifer wird. Außerdem ist aus Fig. 12 zu ersehen, wie die Bauteile durch überstehende Ränder auf einfache Weise axial gesichert werden können.The variant of FIG. 12 corresponds to that of FIG. 9, with the difference that the piston pin 16 has sections 41 of reduced diameter which are surrounded by the elastomer ring 39. The spring line of the elastomer hose can be influenced by the changes in diameter. With this construction, one part of the elastomer hose 38 is constantly carrying and another part is only carrying in the case of high loads, which makes the characteristic curve stiffer. It can also be seen from FIG. 12 how the components can be axially secured in a simple manner by projecting edges.
Bei der Variante nach Fig. 13 ist die elastische Vorrichtung EV in Form eines Elastomerschlauchs 38 so vorgesehen, dass sie das Kolbenlager 12 umgibt. Die elastische Vorrichtung befindet sich somit zwischen dem Kolbenlager 12 und der Bohrung des Kopfstücks 26. Wegen der Einbausituation in Vakuumpumpen kommen für die elastische Vorrichtung als Werkstoffe vor allem solche Elastomere in Betracht, die hohe Temperaturen zulassen. Dazu gehören besonders Fluorgummi FPM/FQM/FFKM (z.B. Viton) , Acrylat-Kautschuk ACM und Silikongummi VMQ/FVMQ/PVMQ. Silikongummi hat den besonderen Vorteil einer geringen- inneren Dämpfung, so dass nur geringe zusätzliche Wärme, die durch periodische elastische Verformung des Werkstoffes entsteht, abgeführt werden muß und sich der Werkstoff nicht selbst schädigt. Silikonbauteile ändern ihre Eigenschaft und ihre Form in den beschriebenen Einbausituationen kaum, so dass sie sich hervorragend für diese Anwendung eignen. In the variant according to FIG. 13, the elastic device EV is provided in the form of an elastomer hose 38 so that it surrounds the piston bearing 12. The elastic device is thus located between the piston bearing 12 and the bore of the head piece 26. Because of the installation situation in vacuum pumps, those elastomers that allow high temperatures are considered as materials for the elastic device. These include fluorine rubber FPM / FQM / FFKM (e.g. Viton), acrylic rubber ACM and silicone rubber VMQ / FVMQ / PVMQ. Silicone rubber has the particular advantage of low internal damping, so that only a small amount of additional heat, which arises from periodic elastic deformation of the material, has to be dissipated and the material does not damage itself. Silicone components hardly change their properties and shape in the described installation situations, making them ideal for this application.

Claims

PATENTANSPRϋCHE PATENTANSPRϋCHE
1. Kolben-Vakuumpumpe mit mindestens einem Kolben (10) und einer den Kolben (10) bewegenden Pleuelstange (11) , die über ein Lager (12) drehbeweglich mit dem Kolben (10) verbunden ist,1. Piston vacuum pump with at least one piston (10) and a connecting rod (11) that moves the piston (10) and is rotatably connected to the piston (10) via a bearing (12),
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t ,characterized ,
dass der Kolben (10) und die Pleuelstange (11) durch eine elastische Vorrichtung (EV) verbunden sind.that the piston (10) and the connecting rod (11) are connected by an elastic device (EV).
2. Kolben-Vakuumpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hauptübertragungsrichtung der elastischen Vorrichtung (EV) axial zum Kolben verläuft.2. Piston vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the main direction of transmission of the elastic device (EV) extends axially to the piston.
3. Kolben-Vakuumpumpe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastische Vorrichtung (EV) einen Kolbenbolzen (16) im Innern des Kolbens (10) trägt, wobei auf dem Kolbenbolzen (16) ein Kolbenlager (12) der Pleuelstange (11) sitzt.3. Piston vacuum pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elastic device (EV) carries a piston pin (16) inside the piston (10), a piston bearing (12) of the connecting rod (12) on the piston pin (16). 11) sits.
4. Kolben-Vakuumpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastische Vorrichtung (EV) im Verlauf der Pleuelstange (11) angeordnet ist.4. Piston vacuum pump according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the elastic device (EV) is arranged in the course of the connecting rod (11).
5. Kolben-Vakuumpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastische Vorrichtung (EV) in ein Kolbenlager der Pleuelstange (11) integriert ist.5. Piston vacuum pump according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the elastic device (EV) is integrated in a piston bearing of the connecting rod (11).
6. Kolben-Vakuumpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastische Vorrichtung (EV) um ein Kolbenlager (12) der Pleuelstange (11) herum angeordnet ist.6. Piston vacuum pump according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the elastic device (EV) around a Piston bearing (12) of the connecting rod (11) is arranged around.
Kolben-Vakuumpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastische Vorrichtung (EV) aus einem oder mehreren der folgenden Werkstoffe besteht: Silikongummi (VMQ, FVMQ, PVMQ) , Fluorgummi (FPM, FQM, FFKM) , Acrylat-Kautschuk ACM. Piston vacuum pump according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the elastic device (EV) consists of one or more of the following materials: silicone rubber (VMQ, FVMQ, PVMQ), fluorine rubber (FPM, FQM, FFKM), acrylate ACM rubber.
EP00972836A 1999-11-19 2000-10-21 Piston vacuum pump Withdrawn EP1230484A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19955688A DE19955688A1 (en) 1999-11-19 1999-11-19 Piston vacuum pump comprises a piston and a connecting rod which are joined to one another by means of an elastic unit
DE19955688 1999-11-19
PCT/EP2000/010385 WO2001038735A1 (en) 1999-11-19 2000-10-21 Piston vacuum pump

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EP1230484A1 true EP1230484A1 (en) 2002-08-14

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EP00972836A Withdrawn EP1230484A1 (en) 1999-11-19 2000-10-21 Piston vacuum pump

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EP (1) EP1230484A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003515055A (en)
DE (1) DE19955688A1 (en)
TW (1) TW508409B (en)
WO (1) WO2001038735A1 (en)

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DE19955688A1 (en) 2001-05-23
WO2001038735A1 (en) 2001-05-31
JP2003515055A (en) 2003-04-22
TW508409B (en) 2002-11-01

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