EP1230326A1 - Jet fuels with improved flow properties - Google Patents
Jet fuels with improved flow propertiesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1230326A1 EP1230326A1 EP00974402A EP00974402A EP1230326A1 EP 1230326 A1 EP1230326 A1 EP 1230326A1 EP 00974402 A EP00974402 A EP 00974402A EP 00974402 A EP00974402 A EP 00974402A EP 1230326 A1 EP1230326 A1 EP 1230326A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blend
- hccn
- fraction
- kerosine
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
Definitions
- This invention relates to jet fuels, especially kerosine based fuels, with improved cold flow properties.
- the final boiling point of the fractions of kerosine which are or can be used as jet fuels is governed by considerations of the freezing point of a given fraction.
- Most jet fuels are straight-run distillates.
- the composition of the crude feed being subjected to distillation determines the composition of the fraction boiling within the kerosine boiling range and hence the freezing point of the jet fuel.
- the only fuel containing up to 50% synthetic material and is approved by DEF STAN 91 - 91-3 is a jet fuel produced by Sasol. Whilst a number of other additives have been allowed, such as eg antioxidants, static dissipators, metal deactivators, lubricity improvers, icing inhibitors and thermal stability improvers, none has been approved hitherto for depressing the freezing point of such fuels.
- HCCN catalytic cracking of heavy gas oil
- the amount of the kerosine fraction in the jet fuel blend of the present invention is suitably greater than 75% by volume, preferably in the range from about 80-99%, more preferably from 85-95% by volume of the total blend comprising the kerosine fraction and the HCCN.
- the HCCN is a relatively light fraction derived by catalytic cracking of the so-called gasoil fraction during the refining of petroleum crudes.
- the catalytic cracking of the gasoil fraction to obtain HCCN can be carried out by any of the known conventional catalytic cracking methods. Such methods are well known in the art and are described in detail for instance by Keith Owen and Trevor Colley in "Automotive Fuels Reference Book", Second Edition, published by the Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc, Wanendale, PA, USA (1995). Specifically reference is made to Chapter 3 of this textbook at pages 29-49, Chapter 16 at pages 419-469 and 865-890, the latter pages forming Appendix 12 which is a 'Glossary of Terms'.
- the HCCN has an aromatic content of at least 50% by volume, suitably from 50-75% by volume and preferably from 60-75% by volume.
- the blend of the kerosine fraction and the HCCN is suitably such that the total aromatic content of the blend is in the range from 15-25% by volume of the total blend.
- the amount of HCCN required to form such blends is suitably from 0.5 to 15% by volume of the blend, preferably from 2.5 to 10% by volume of the total blend.
- the freezing point of such a blend can be determined by a number of methods. This can be done, for instance, by detecting the cloud point of blend using optical sensors or by absorption of light through a sample of the blend. It can also be determined by monitoring the change in cooling rate of the blend as energy is absorbed in the formation of, or released in the dissolution of wax crystals.
- the latter method can be carried out using a freeze point analyser (Models FPA-30, FPA-50 and FPA-70, marketed by Phase Technology Inc).
- NIR near infra-red
- Yet another method for determining freezing points is the so-called cold-filter plugging point method (hereafter "CFPP").
- the filter flow of aviation fuels is measured at low temperatures across a stainless steel filter.
- a sample is subjected to a programmed cooling cycle by water-cooled thermoelectric modules, while a pump maintains an oscillating flow at constant rate across the filter. Separated wax crystals cause an increase in pressure which is sensed electronically.
- IP 16 Institute of Petroleum method
- the freezing point of the jet fuel blend as determined by the IP 16 method has been found to be well below that of the kerosine fraction in the absence of the HCCN component.
- a kerosine fraction without the HCCN component has a freezing point of -53.5°C.
- HCCN alone has a freezing point of -42 to -45°C.
- the same fraction when blended with 2.5% by volume of HCCN has a freezing point of -54°C
- when blended with 5% by volume of HCCN has a freezing point of -54.5°C
- 10% by volume of HCCN has a freezing point of -55°C.
- these numbers do not appear significant, in respect of the general risk of waxes crystallising from fuels, these numbers are very significant and reduce the potential risk of blockage of filters and pumps by an order of magnitude.
- HCCN catalytic cracking of heavy gas oil
- a further feature of the present invention is that the HCCN used in the blends to depress the freezing point of jet fuels is substantially a natural component of the petroleum crudes from which the fuel itself is derived. Hence, there are no problems of compatibility problems nor indeed any of the problems associated with external additives.
- the jet fuel blends of the present invention may contain in addition any of the conventional additives used in such fuel compositions.
- they may contain ter alia approved additives such as antioxidants, static dissipators, metal deactivators, lubricity improvers, fuel system icing inhibitors, thermal stability improvers, drag reducing agents, dyes and the like.
- a kerosine fraction was taken as the base fuel and was blended with various amounts of HCCN and the various properties measured including the freezing points of the each of the two components and the blends thereof.
- the freezing points were measured according to the standard Institute of Petroleum (IP16) technique.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9925640 | 1999-10-29 | ||
GB9925640A GB2355725A (en) | 1999-10-29 | 1999-10-29 | Jet fuels with improved flow properties |
PCT/EP2000/010186 WO2001032811A1 (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2000-10-17 | Jet fuels with improved flow properties |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1230326A1 true EP1230326A1 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
EP1230326B1 EP1230326B1 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
Family
ID=10863619
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00974402A Expired - Lifetime EP1230326B1 (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2000-10-17 | Method for depressing the freezing point of a kerosine jet fuel blend |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1230326B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003514066A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE329988T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2389079A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60028807D1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2355725A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001032811A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120267481A1 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2012-10-25 | Palox Offshore S.A.L. | Protection of liquid fuels |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1927644A3 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-09-24 | C.E.-Technology Limited | Aircraft fuels based on synthetic hydrocarbons with a high percentage of isoparaffin and method for manufacturing aircraft fuels with alcohols |
JP5147549B2 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2013-02-20 | コスモ石油株式会社 | Fuel oil composition for diesel engines |
JP5147550B2 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2013-02-20 | コスモ石油株式会社 | Fuel oil composition for diesel engines |
JP5043754B2 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2012-10-10 | コスモ石油株式会社 | Fuel oil composition for diesel engines |
JP5525786B2 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2014-06-18 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Aviation fuel oil base material production method and aviation fuel oil composition production method |
JP5330935B2 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2013-10-30 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Aviation fuel oil base material production method and aviation fuel oil composition |
JP5530134B2 (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2014-06-25 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Aviation fuel oil composition |
JP5312646B2 (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2013-10-09 | コスモ石油株式会社 | Fuel oil composition for diesel engines |
JP5328974B2 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-10-30 | コスモ石油株式会社 | Fuel oil composition for diesel engines |
JP5328973B2 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-10-30 | コスモ石油株式会社 | Fuel oil composition for diesel engines |
CN108368441A (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2018-08-03 | 环球油品有限责任公司 | Fuel composition and preparation method thereof for GCI engines |
JP6849504B2 (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2021-03-24 | 出光興産株式会社 | How to refine jet fuel shipments and how to manufacture jet fuel |
CN116286124B (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2024-01-05 | 西南石油大学 | System and method for removing high-condensation-point aromatic hydrocarbon in low-temperature purification process of natural gas |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB735134A (en) * | 1952-04-29 | 1955-08-17 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Improved fuels for internal combustion engines |
US3111482A (en) * | 1960-07-12 | 1963-11-19 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Production of jet fuel |
GB8705839D0 (en) * | 1987-03-12 | 1987-04-15 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Fuel compositions |
-
1999
- 1999-10-29 GB GB9925640A patent/GB2355725A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-10-17 EP EP00974402A patent/EP1230326B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-17 WO PCT/EP2000/010186 patent/WO2001032811A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-10-17 JP JP2001535496A patent/JP2003514066A/en active Pending
- 2000-10-17 DE DE60028807T patent/DE60028807D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-17 AT AT00974402T patent/ATE329988T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-10-17 CA CA002389079A patent/CA2389079A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0132811A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120267481A1 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2012-10-25 | Palox Offshore S.A.L. | Protection of liquid fuels |
US11186793B2 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2021-11-30 | Palox Limited | Protection of liquid fuels |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1230326B1 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
WO2001032811A1 (en) | 2001-05-10 |
GB2355725A (en) | 2001-05-02 |
DE60028807D1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
JP2003514066A (en) | 2003-04-15 |
GB9925640D0 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
CA2389079A1 (en) | 2001-05-10 |
ATE329988T1 (en) | 2006-07-15 |
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