EP1224762A1 - Method for securing data transfer in a data bus - Google Patents

Method for securing data transfer in a data bus

Info

Publication number
EP1224762A1
EP1224762A1 EP00974421A EP00974421A EP1224762A1 EP 1224762 A1 EP1224762 A1 EP 1224762A1 EP 00974421 A EP00974421 A EP 00974421A EP 00974421 A EP00974421 A EP 00974421A EP 1224762 A1 EP1224762 A1 EP 1224762A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
checksum
length
data field
telegram
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00974421A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Griessbach
Martin Peller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP1224762A1 publication Critical patent/EP1224762A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0094—Bus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for securing data transmission in a data bus, via which file programs of at least one transmitter are transmitted, which contain a data field of variable length and a checksum (CRC) and in which the data transmission quality is determined by the receiver on the basis of the checksum.
  • CRC checksum
  • the checksum can be a parity check or a cyclic redundancy check.
  • the data telegram essentially consists of header data, the so-called header, for identifying the transmitter and / or the content of the data telegram, the actual (useful) data (data field) and the checksum.
  • the checksum is calculated from the data to be transmitted in accordance with a defined formula and is also transmitted with the useful data via the transmission medium, which is preferably designed as a data bus.
  • the recipient of the data also calculates this checksum according to the same calculation rule. If the two values do not match, there is a transmission fault and the data can be identified as corrupted.
  • the length of the checksum depends on the number of user data bits to be protected and on the required transmission security, ie the Hamming distance. A large number of data bits to be secured require a longer checksum with the same Hamming distance.
  • the checksum is calculated according to a fixed scheme, ie the length of the checksum depends on the maximum possible number of data bits to be protected.
  • the disadvantage here is that the long checksum is also transmitted with short data telegrams. This leads to a constant telegram overhead that is independent of the number of user data bits.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the telegram overhead to an unavoidable level without any loss in transmission quality and thus to reduce the bus load by reducing the telegram overhead
  • the number of checksum bits depends on the number of data bits to be protected and thus the telegram length. This gives you the option of using fewer checksum bits for short telegrams than for longer telegrams. The same transmission security is achieved in both cases.
  • a data telegram has a variable number of user data bits with up to 31 bytes. This number is determined by the transmitter before the start of its transmission and is transmitted to the telegram as digital telegram length information LEN in the header data.
  • the number of bits of the checksum resulting from the chosen formula for calculating the checksum can be predetermined. If, for example, two different checksum bit numbers of 15 bits are used for a user data bit number of less than 18 data bytes and 24 bit of more than or equal to 18 data bytes, the number of checksum bits is reduced from 24 to 15 bits for data telegrams that have the specified user data bit number of less than 18 Own data bytes
  • the protocoiler overhead during data transmission can be minimized.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for securing data transfer in a data bus via which data telegrams of at least one transmitter are transferred containing a data field of avariable length and a check sum (CRC) and the data transfer quality is determined by the receiver using the check sum, said check having a shorter length when the data field length is shorter than when the data field is longer.

Description

Verfahren zum Absichern der Datenübertragung in einem DatenbusMethod for securing data transmission in a data bus
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Absichern der Datenübertragung in einem Datenbus, über den Dateπteiegramme mindestens eines Senders weitergegeben werden, die ein Datenfeld variabler Länge und eine Prüfsumme (CRC) enthalten und bei dem die Datenübertragungsqualität durch den Empfänger anhand der Prüfsumme bestimmt wird.The invention relates to a method for securing data transmission in a data bus, via which file programs of at least one transmitter are transmitted, which contain a data field of variable length and a checksum (CRC) and in which the data transmission quality is determined by the receiver on the basis of the checksum.
Ein derartiges Verfahren ist aus der DE 197 53 288 A bekannt. Bei der Prüfsumme kann es sich um einen Parity Check oder einen Cyclic Redundancy Check handeln.Such a method is known from DE 197 53 288 A. The checksum can be a parity check or a cyclic redundancy check.
Das Datentelegramm besteht im wesentlichen aus Kopfdaten, dem sog. Header, zur Identifikation des Senders und/oder des Inhalt des Datentelegramms, den eigentlichen (Nutz-)Daten (Data field) und der Prüfsumme. Die Prüfsumme wird aus den zu übertragenden Daten nach einer festgelegten Formel berechnet und mit den Nutz- daten über das vorzugsweise als Datenbus ausgebildete Übertragungsmedium mitübertragen. Der Empfänger der Daten berechnet nach der gleichen Rechenvorschrift diese Prüfsumme ebenfalls. Bei Nichtübereinstimmung der beiden Werte liegt eine Übertragungsstörung vor und die Daten können als verfälscht identifiziert werden.The data telegram essentially consists of header data, the so-called header, for identifying the transmitter and / or the content of the data telegram, the actual (useful) data (data field) and the checksum. The checksum is calculated from the data to be transmitted in accordance with a defined formula and is also transmitted with the useful data via the transmission medium, which is preferably designed as a data bus. The recipient of the data also calculates this checksum according to the same calculation rule. If the two values do not match, there is a transmission fault and the data can be identified as corrupted.
Die Länge der Prüfsumme richtet sich nach der Anzahl der abzusichernden Nutzdatenbits und nach der benötigten Übertragungssicherheit, also der Hamming- Distanz. Eine große Anzahl von abzusichernden Datenbits erfordert bei gleicher Hammingdistanz eine längere Prüfsumme. Bei den heute bekannten Datenübertragungsprotokollen erfolgt die Berechnung der Prüfsumme nach einem festen Schema, d. h. die Länge der Prüfsumme richtet sich nach der maximal möglichen Anzahl von abzusichernden Datenbits. Nachteilig dabei ist, daß bei kurzen Datentelegrammen ebenfalls die lange Prüfsumme mitübertragen wird. Das führt zu einem von der Anzahl der Nutzdatenbits unabhängigen, konstanten Telegrammoverhead.The length of the checksum depends on the number of user data bits to be protected and on the required transmission security, ie the Hamming distance. A large number of data bits to be secured require a longer checksum with the same Hamming distance. In the data transmission protocols known today, the checksum is calculated according to a fixed scheme, ie the length of the checksum depends on the maximum possible number of data bits to be protected. The disadvantage here is that the long checksum is also transmitted with short data telegrams. This leads to a constant telegram overhead that is independent of the number of user data bits.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Telegrammoverhead ohne Einbu- sseπ in der Übertragungsqualität auf ein unumgängliches Maß zu reduzieren und damit die Buslast durch die Reduktion des Telegrammoverheads zu reduzierenThe object of the invention is to reduce the telegram overhead to an unavoidable level without any loss in transmission quality and thus to reduce the bus load by reducing the telegram overhead
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1.
Die Anzahl der Prüfsummenbits wird abhängig von der Anzahl der abzusichernden Datenbits und damit der Telegrammlänge. Man erhält damit die Möglichkeit, bei kurzen Telegrammen weniger Prüfsummenbits als bei längeren Telegrammen zu ver- wenden. In beiden Fällen wird die gleiche Übertragungssicherheit erreicht.The number of checksum bits depends on the number of data bits to be protected and thus the telegram length. This gives you the option of using fewer checksum bits for short telegrams than for longer telegrams. The same transmission security is achieved in both cases.
Die Entscheidung, welche Formel zur Berechnung der Prüfsumme und damit zur Bestimmung der verwendeten Prüfsummenbitsanzahl herangezogen wird, kann vielfach schon vor Aussenden des Telegramms getroffen werden, weil bei vielen Protokollen auch eine Angabe über die Länge des Telegramms zur weiteren Absicherung mitübertragen wird.The decision as to which formula is used to calculate the checksum and thus to determine the number of checksum bits used can often be made before the telegram is sent, because in many protocols an indication of the length of the telegram is also transmitted for further protection.
Anhand eines Beispiels sei dies verdeutlicht. Ein Datentelegramm besitze eine variable Anzahl von Nutzdatenbits mit bis zu 31 Bytes. Diese Anzahl wird vom Sender bereits vor Beginn seiner Sendung festgestellt und als digitale Telegrammlängeninformation LEN in den Kopfdaten dem Telegramm mitgegeben.This is illustrated using an example. A data telegram has a variable number of user data bits with up to 31 bytes. This number is determined by the transmitter before the start of its transmission and is transmitted to the telegram as digital telegram length information LEN in the header data.
Für bis zu 31 Bytes Nutzdateninhalt mit der angegebenen Abstufung von 1 Byte sind hierzu 5 Bits erforderlich. Die Angabe LEN=00001 bedeutet, daß 1 Byte Nutzdaten im Telegramm enthalten sind, LEN=00010 bzw. LEN=1 1111 stehen für 2 bzw. 31 Bytes Nutzdaten. Mit Hilfe des Werts von LEN läßt sich die sich aufgrund der gewählten Formel zur Berechnung der Prüfsumme ergebende Bitanzahl der Prüfsumme vorherbestimmen. Wird beispielsweise mit zwei unterschiedlichen Prüfsummenbitzahlen von 15 Bit bei einer Nutzdatenbitanzahl von unter 18 Datenbytes und 24 bit von über oder gleich 18 Datenbytes gearbeitet, ergibt sich eine Verringerung der Zahl der Prüfsummenbits von 24 auf 15 Bit für Datentelegramme, die die angegebene Nutzdatenbitanzahl von unter 18 Datenbytes besitzen5 bits are required for up to 31 bytes of user data with the specified gradation of 1 byte. The specification LEN = 00001 means that 1 byte of user data are contained in the telegram, LEN = 00010 or LEN = 1 1111 stand for 2 or 31 bytes of user data. With the help of the value of LEN, the number of bits of the checksum resulting from the chosen formula for calculating the checksum can be predetermined. If, for example, two different checksum bit numbers of 15 bits are used for a user data bit number of less than 18 data bytes and 24 bit of more than or equal to 18 data bytes, the number of checksum bits is reduced from 24 to 15 bits for data telegrams that have the specified user data bit number of less than 18 Own data bytes
Mit der Erfindung läßt sich der Protokoiloverhead bei einer Datenübertragung mini- miereπ. With the invention, the protocoiler overhead during data transmission can be minimized.

Claims

Patentansprücheclaims
1 Verfahren zum Absichern der Datenuberragung in einem Datenbus, über den Datentelegramme mindestens eines Senders weitergegeben werden, die ein Datenfeld variabler Lange und eine Prufsumme (CRC) enthalten und die Daten- ubertragungsqualitat durch den Empfanger anhand der Prufsumme bestimmt wird, dadurch geκennzeιchnet, daß die Prufsumme bei kurzer Datenfeldlange eine kürzere Lange als bei einem Datenfeld großer Lange besitzt1 method for securing the data transmission in a data bus, via which data telegrams of at least one transmitter are forwarded, which contain a data field of variable length and a checksum (CRC) and the data transmission quality is determined by the receiver on the basis of the checksum, characterized in that the Check sum with a short data field length has a shorter length than with a data field of large length
2 Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prufsumme zwei mögliche Langen besitzt2 The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the checksum has two possible lengths
3 Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lange der Prufsumme vom Sender anhand der Datenfeldlange bestimmt wird3 The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the length of the checksum is determined by the transmitter based on the data field length
4 Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prufsumme vom Sender anhand einer im Telegramm vorgesehenen Langenangabe des Datenfelds ausgewählt wird 4 The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the checksum is selected by the transmitter on the basis of a length specification of the data field provided in the telegram
EP00974421A 1999-10-25 2000-10-19 Method for securing data transfer in a data bus Withdrawn EP1224762A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19951451A DE19951451A1 (en) 1999-10-25 1999-10-25 Method for protecting or securing data transmission in a data bus, involves data telegrams having variable length data field and a test sum i.e. cyclic redundancy check (CRC), which has shorter length for short data field lengths
DE19951451 1999-10-25
PCT/EP2000/010296 WO2001031831A1 (en) 1999-10-25 2000-10-19 Method for securing data transfer in a data bus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1224762A1 true EP1224762A1 (en) 2002-07-24

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EP00974421A Withdrawn EP1224762A1 (en) 1999-10-25 2000-10-19 Method for securing data transfer in a data bus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20040015603A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1224762A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003513512A (en)
DE (1) DE19951451A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001031831A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19951451A1 (en) 2001-04-26
JP2003513512A (en) 2003-04-08
WO2001031831A1 (en) 2001-05-03
US20040015603A1 (en) 2004-01-22

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