EP1222252A1 - New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics - Google Patents

New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics

Info

Publication number
EP1222252A1
EP1222252A1 EP00969340A EP00969340A EP1222252A1 EP 1222252 A1 EP1222252 A1 EP 1222252A1 EP 00969340 A EP00969340 A EP 00969340A EP 00969340 A EP00969340 A EP 00969340A EP 1222252 A1 EP1222252 A1 EP 1222252A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hsp
cells
lymphocytes
mutated
overexpression
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00969340A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Pierre Abastado
Jacques Manoir de la Vignole BARTHOLEYNS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IDM Immuno Designed Molecules
Original Assignee
IDM Immuno Designed Molecules
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IDM Immuno Designed Molecules filed Critical IDM Immuno Designed Molecules
Priority to EP00969340A priority Critical patent/EP1222252A1/en
Publication of EP1222252A1 publication Critical patent/EP1222252A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/46—Cellular immunotherapy
    • A61K39/461—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by the cell type used
    • A61K39/4611—T-cells, e.g. tumor infiltrating lymphocytes [TIL], lymphokine-activated killer cells [LAK] or regulatory T cells [Treg]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/46—Cellular immunotherapy
    • A61K39/461—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by the cell type used
    • A61K39/4612—B-cells
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/46—Cellular immunotherapy
    • A61K39/461—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by the cell type used
    • A61K39/4615—Dendritic cells
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/46—Cellular immunotherapy
    • A61K39/462—Cellular immunotherapy characterized by the effect or the function of the cells
    • A61K39/4622—Antigen presenting cells
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/46—Cellular immunotherapy
    • A61K39/464—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by the antigen targeted or presented
    • A61K39/4643—Vertebrate antigens
    • A61K39/4644—Cancer antigens
    • A61K39/464476—Heat shock proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/51—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising whole cells, viruses or DNA/RNA
    • A61K2039/515—Animal cells
    • A61K2039/5158—Antigen-pulsed cells, e.g. T-cells
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2239/00—Indexing codes associated with cellular immunotherapy of group A61K39/46
    • A61K2239/31—Indexing codes associated with cellular immunotherapy of group A61K39/46 characterized by the route of administration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2239/00—Indexing codes associated with cellular immunotherapy of group A61K39/46
    • A61K2239/38—Indexing codes associated with cellular immunotherapy of group A61K39/46 characterised by the dose, timing or administration schedule

Definitions

  • the invention relates to new lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics.
  • the invention relates to a new method of therapeutic vaccination against most forms of cancer or chronic infectious diseases.
  • HSPs heat shock proteins
  • HPS70 HPS70 extracted from tumors
  • HSPs have a very conserved sequence and are not immunogenic as such, but are carriers of antigenic pep tides that do elicit a specific immunity against the said tumor.
  • HSPs are supposed to be nonpolymorphic molecules that do not differ in their primary structure among normal tissues and cancers or among normal and virus- infected cells. It has thus been reported that the immunizing ability of HSP preparations is related to the association of HSP molecules with peptides generated in the cells from which the HSPs are isolated. Indeed, HSP-peptide complexes can be generated in vitro, and the biological activity of these complexes is comparable with that of HSP-peptide complexes generated in vivo (Blachere, N.E.et al 1997; Heat shock protein-peptide complexes reconstituted in vitro, elicit peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes response and tumor immunity. J. Exp.Med. 186-1315).
  • HSP 70 has also been used with CTL epitopes to induce efficient protective antiviral immunity in addition to the generation of peptide-specific CTLs, and therefore represents an alternative to adjuvant and DNA vectors for the delivery of CTL epitopes to APCs (Ciupitu A.M. et al 1998; Immunization with a lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus peptide mixed with heat shock protein 70 results in protective antiviral immunity and specific cytotoxic T. lymphocytes. J; Exp. Med. 187-685). These observations demonstrate that HSPs can be efficient CD8 + T cell response eliciting adjuvants.
  • the tumors naturally express more HSP molecules (HSP70, HSP65, HSP90 for example) than normal tissues and the number of HSP molecules expressed can be markedly augmented in cases of stress (heat, shock, irradiation, surgery, chemotherapy, etc).
  • the immune system is normally tolerant to tumor HSP due to its identity to HSP expressed in normal tissue.
  • HSP-70.2 a rare HSP70 antigen encoded by a mutated form of HSP-70.2 gene was recently found in a patient with renal cell carcinoma (C. Gaudin et al. 1999. A hsp 70-2 mutation recognized by CTL on a human renal cell carcinoma. The Journal of Immunology 1730-1738). This mutated form of HSP70 was specifically recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. A point mutation on the conserved HSP structure induced a dramatic increase in immunogenicity. The sequence of the immunogenic peptidedecamer was described allowing obtention of mutated HPS for immuno therapy.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to provide a process for breaking the immunotolerance to HSP.
  • Another aim of the invention is to provide a process to enhance specifically HSP in a tumor or infectious area, to direct immune cytotoxic responses only to tumor or infected sites.
  • Another aim of the invention is to provide a process to achieve optimal antitumoral or antiinfectious response.
  • the invention relates to lymphocytes, having the property of recognizing cells of a patient in which the pericellular membrane expression of HSP or presentation of HSP epitopes has been induced and increased with respect to the normally occurring HSP expression level in the patient's body, and corresponding to an overexpression of HSP, particularly at a level of at least about 10 times the normally occurring level.
  • HSP corresponds to peptidic compounds, comprising at least an amino acid sequence having at least 80 % homology with the amino acids between the positions 286 and 294 of HSP70.
  • the said peptidic compounds comprise isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine, glycine or phenylalanine on position 293, and more particularly isoleucine.
  • overexpression also designates overpresentation, which corresponds to an increase of HSP epitopes presented on the membrane.
  • peptidic compounds designates an entity constituted by at least a HSP70 peptidic fragment above defined or by a succession of said peptidic fragments, and having possibly one or several other elements different from natural amino acids.
  • this protection enables the peptides to reach their targets without undergoing the action of several proteases which are present in the organism.
  • Such chemical modifications can also increase the affinity of an antigenic peptide for the molecule HLA- A2 and enable an increased efficiency of in vivo vaccine.
  • Said elements can be for example :
  • lymphocytes having the property of recognizing cells designates lymphocytes having receptors with high affinity for antigens expressed or presented on the membranes of said cells.
  • HSP is expressed intracellularly and almost not on the membrane of non transformed cells, i. e non tumor cells or non infectious cells.
  • the amount of HSP expressed or presented on the membrane is increased, but not in an amount sufficient for HSP to be recognized by the immune system and not under a form which, in itself, makes it antigenic, as it is a conserved protein.
  • the expression "normally occuring level of HSP" corresponds to the level of HSP expressed by tumor or infectious cells.
  • induced and increased means triggering of an active response with de novo synthesis of HSP and expression on the cell membrane after a stress.
  • HSP overexpression of HSP
  • membrane HSP expression level can be determined by classic immunological methods such as ELISA, FACS analysis, immunohistology or Western blotting.
  • lymphocytes can recognize cells having overexpression of HSP can be shown by the cytotoxic activity that T lymphocytes express against these cells (for example Cr 51 release assay) or by the increased proliferation of the lymphocytes recognizing the HSP antigen.
  • lymphocytes which are T lymphocytes specific for cells having an overexpression of HSP on their pericellular membrane, and more particular T8 lymphocytes able to lyse said cells which have an overexpression of HSP, or T4 helper lymphocytes, and not to lyse cells with normally occurring expression of HSP.
  • T8 lymphocytes designate cytotoxic T lymphocytes expressing CD8 membrane marker and having receptors for HSP polypeptidic sequence.
  • T4 helper lymphocytes are helper T lymphocytes which express CD4.
  • lymphocytes are specific for cells having an overexpression of HSP on their pericellular membrane, specificity meaning that they engage in high affinity, interactions and can be determined by classic immunological methods such as ELISA, FACS analysis or immunohistology.
  • lymphocytes of the invention are such that they do not lyse cells with normally occuring expression of HSP, which means that they do not interact with cells having no or very low HSP on their membrane.
  • the lymphocytes which are B lymphocytes, secrete antibodies recognizing specifically cells which have an overexpression of HSP on their pericellular membrane.
  • the B lymphocytes which are specific for HSP will produce anti HSP antibodies (IgG/IgM)
  • the cells which have an overexpression of HSP are tumor cells or infectious cells, particularly virus infected cells.
  • tumor cells or infectious cells are also designated as transformed cells.
  • the overexpression of HSP is induced by physical of chemical means, to induce locally a stress responsible for an overexpression of HSP on target cells, and in particular the local stress is induced:
  • chemotherapy or by local drug delivery (chemotherapy) or by starvation from essential nutrients or of growth factors, chemokines, and hormones, essential for rapid proliferation of target cells.
  • a variable magnetic field has the property of inducing agitation of target cells.
  • Ferrofluid are very small magnetic beads in the range from about 5 nm to about 100 nm.They can be chemically coupled to antibodies against the target cells.
  • Laser beam targeting is a local excitation of transformed cells by laser technology which results in stress. Local surgery, radiation or local drug delivery or starvation produce local cell death apoptosis and stress.
  • the invention also relates to a process for preparing lymphocytes as above defined, comprising the steps of :
  • APCs are loaded with mutated HSP, which comprises phagocytosis or pinocytosis of mutated HSP, which lead to intracellular degradation (processing) and expression of epitopes on the APC membrane in association with MHC molecules.
  • mutated HSP comprises phagocytosis or pinocytosis of mutated HSP, which lead to intracellular degradation (processing) and expression of epitopes on the APC membrane in association with MHC molecules.
  • APC will specifically present mutated HSP epitopes to lymphocytes.
  • the preparation of the lymphocytes of the invention implies a binary immune response comprising :
  • non mutated HSP a second immune response to amplify lymphocytes recognizing non mutated HSP, more precisely said second immune response being a result of a boost by induced overexpression of non mutated HSP which result in the synthesis of high level of Ig G and in the proliferation of specific T lymphocytes against HSP epitopes.
  • the lymphocytes have higher affinity for the target cells overexpressing HSP than those obtained further to the induction of the primary response.
  • the expression "non mutated HSP" designates wild type HSP.
  • the affinity constant Ka of lymphocytes amplified in the secondary immune response varies from 10 9 to 10 u M ' 0
  • the induction of a primary response against the mutated immunogenic form of HSP comprises the following step :
  • antigen presenting cells presenting the mutated immunogenic form of HSP, with lymphocytes from a patient, to obtain a mixture of antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes educated against the mutated immunogenic form of HSP and injection of said mixture to the patient.
  • the mutated immunogenic form of HSP consists in HSP presenting a point mutation in a peptide derived from HEAT Shock protein and particularly from HSP-70, and in particular the mutated immunogenic form of HSP contains or corresponds to one of the following peptides : Ser Leu Phe Glu Gly He Asp Phe Tyr Thr
  • chemotherapy or by local drug delivery (chemotherapy) or by starvation from essential nutrients or of growth factors, chemokines, and hormones, essential for rapid proliferation of target cells.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the process of the invention, for the treatment of cancer or intracellular infections.
  • lymphocytes of the invention are useful for the treatment of cancer and infections, in which it is possible to induce overexpression of HSP.
  • the invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions, containing lymphocytes as defined above and possibly antigen presenting cells specific for HSP, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicule.
  • the invention also related to a method for the treatment of cancer or of intracellular infections comprising
  • the transformed cells are not efficiently recognized by the immune system, which means that there is a tolerance.
  • HSP antigen
  • HSP Heat Shock Protein
  • the patients bearing tumors are immunized with recombinant mutated- HSP or mutated HSP70.2 decapeptide.
  • This immunization is achieved for example with mutated peptides plus adjuvant, or with patient autologous dendritic cells pulsed with the m-peptide, or by injection with viral vectors expressing the m-peptide.
  • HSP-70 overexpression in specifically induced in the targeted tumor cells. Therefore, magnetic nanoparticules (Ferrofluid) coupled to anti-tumor surface antigen Fab antibody are injected to the patients. Then the patient is submitted to a variable magnetic field of high intensity and frequency. This causes local temperature increase of several degrees in tumor cells covered with ferrofluids, resulting in overexpression of heat shock proteins and particularly of HSP-70. The tumor cells therefore become the target of a very strong secondary immune response against HSP overexpressed on tumors.
  • magnetic nanoparticules Ferofluid
  • Fab antibody anti-tumor surface antigen Fab antibody
  • the antibodies used are directed against a viral antigen expressed by the infected cells. After an identical two steps treatment, the infected cells are recognized and killed by the elicited specific immune response of the patient.
  • Transformed human B cells are obtained after infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV). These cells are selected from HLA A2 patients and express B cell receptor (BCR). They are maintained in culture in RPMI 1640 medium (Lifecell Technology, GB) supplemented with 10% foetal calf serum.
  • EBV Epstein Barr Virus
  • Ferromagnetic nano particules (ferrofluid of 1 to 20 nm) are coupled to anti- BCR antibodies (anti-BCR antibodies, Immunotech, Fr) in phosphate buffered saline containing 1 % human serum albumin.
  • the infected B cells (5-10 6 ) are incubated for one hour on ice with an excess of antibody coated ferrofluid. Unbound ferrofluid is eliminated by washing and the cells are subjected to a magnetic field. This magnetic agitation induces overexpression of stress proteins and in particular of HSP-70 on the surface of B cells. This induction of HSP-70 is measured by Western Blot analysis using monoclonal antibodies against the constitutive and inducible forms of HSP-70.
  • a mHSP-70 specific T cell clone is obtained by the following technique : PBMC (10 7 ) and MAC-DC (10 7 ) loaded with the mutant peptide of HSP-70 (Triebel, IGR) are seeded in 6 well plates in 5ml complete RPMI containing 10 Ul/ml rIL-2, 50 Ul/ml rIl-7 (Sanofi) and 10 Ul/ml IL 12 -Genetics Institute). On day 7 th of the culture, fresh MAC-DC and fresh medium are added.
  • lymphocytes are cloned by limiting dilution in 96 wells containing complete RPMI with 30 IU rIl-2 and 2% TCGF and 10 5 irradiated EBV-transformed autologous cells. Clones are split twice a week. After 3 week expansion, clones are tested for their lytic potential.
  • the T cell clones obtained are able to lyse specifically the B cells overexpressing HSP-70 after submission to the magnetic field.
  • B cells not submitted to the magnetic field are not lysed by the T cell clone specific for mHSP70.
  • the EBV transformed B cells loaded with the mutated peptide from HSP-70.2 (SLFEGIDFYT) or with the wild type HSP-70.2 peptide (SLFEGIDIYT) are recognized and lysed by the specific T cell clone.
  • HHD Mice (Kb-, Dd-, b2m-, HLA-A2 HDD+) are immunized against the mutated peptide of HSP-70.2 (SLFEGIDFYT) by subcutaneous injection of 10 6 dendritic cells (differenciated from murine bone marrow in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-13) loaded with mutated mHSP-70 protein. After one week, they are inoculated with EL4 tumor (EL4 S3 RobHHD, Db-, Kb-, HLA A21 +) transfected with BCR gene.
  • mice After another 4 days mice receive intravenous injection of ferrofluid coupled to anti-BCR monoclonal antibodies. Five mice out of 10 are submitted to magnetic field. Only the animals previously immunized and exposed to the magnetic field show a marked ( > 50%) tumor regression. In contrast, control mice not immunized against mutated HSP70 or immunized but not exposed to magnetic field experience normal tumor growth.
  • PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells
  • MD- APCs monocyte-derived antigen presenting cells
  • CD8 MicroBeads and VarioMACS Miltenyi Biotec
  • the CD8+ cells were cultured in round-bottom 96-well plates during five rounds of weekly stimulation by MD-APCs. Each stimulation consisted of setting the CD8 + T cells in contact with peptide-pulsed irradiated (3500 Rad) MD-APCs. The first stimulation was in the presence of IL-6 at 10 3 U/mL and IL-12 at lOU/mL. The four remaining rounds of stimulation were in the presence of IL-2 at 20U/mL and IL- 7 at lOng/mL. A week after the last stimulation, the presence of specific cytotoxic lymphocytes was determined by a 51 Cr release assay against target cells pulsed with the HSP286 peptide (SLFEGIDFYT), or an irrelevant control peptide.
  • SLFEGIDFYT HSP286 peptide
  • Results showed that a CTL repertoire specific for HSP286 is not completely deleted and indeed exists. It can thus be recruited and used in an immunotherapy strategy. This can be done by inducing a stress increasing the expression of HSP70 peptides and thus reactivating the immune response.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to lymphocytes, having the property of recognizing cells of a patient in which the pericellular membrane expression of HSP or presentation of HSP epitopes has been induced and increased with respect to the normally occuring HSP expression level in the patient's body, and corresponding to an overexpression of HSP, particularly at a level of at least about 10 times the normally occuring level. These lymphocytes are used, for instance, as active substance in pharmaceutical compositions.

Description

NEW LYMPHOCYTES, A PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND THEIR USE IN THERAPEUTICS
The invention relates to new lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics.
More precisely, the invention relates to a new method of therapeutic vaccination against most forms of cancer or chronic infectious diseases.
Strivastava (US Patent 5 830 464) has demonstrated that HSPs (heat shock proteins) and particularly HPS70 extracted from tumors can be injected in a form of complex with tumor protein/peptide and do elicit an immune response against these autologous tumors. However, HSPs have a very conserved sequence and are not immunogenic as such, but are carriers of antigenic pep tides that do elicit a specific immunity against the said tumor.
HSPs are supposed to be nonpolymorphic molecules that do not differ in their primary structure among normal tissues and cancers or among normal and virus- infected cells. It has thus been reported that the immunizing ability of HSP preparations is related to the association of HSP molecules with peptides generated in the cells from which the HSPs are isolated. Indeed, HSP-peptide complexes can be generated in vitro, and the biological activity of these complexes is comparable with that of HSP-peptide complexes generated in vivo (Blachere, N.E.et al 1997; Heat shock protein-peptide complexes reconstituted in vitro, elicit peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes response and tumor immunity. J. Exp.Med. 186-1315). HSP 70 has also been used with CTL epitopes to induce efficient protective antiviral immunity in addition to the generation of peptide-specific CTLs, and therefore represents an alternative to adjuvant and DNA vectors for the delivery of CTL epitopes to APCs (Ciupitu A.M. et al 1998; Immunization with a lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus peptide mixed with heat shock protein 70 results in protective antiviral immunity and specific cytotoxic T. lymphocytes. J; Exp. Med. 187-685). These observations demonstrate that HSPs can be efficient CD8+T cell response eliciting adjuvants. The tumors naturally express more HSP molecules (HSP70, HSP65, HSP90 for example) than normal tissues and the number of HSP molecules expressed can be markedly augmented in cases of stress (heat, shock, irradiation, surgery, chemotherapy,...). The immune system is normally tolerant to tumor HSP due to its identity to HSP expressed in normal tissue.
What can make a protein antigenic is a mutation in its sequence allowing its recognition by the immune system. Normally such mutation is not found in HSP, however a rare HSP70 antigen encoded by a mutated form of HSP-70.2 gene was recently found in a patient with renal cell carcinoma (C. Gaudin et al. 1999. A hsp 70-2 mutation recognized by CTL on a human renal cell carcinoma. The Journal of Immunology 1730-1738). This mutated form of HSP70 was specifically recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. A point mutation on the conserved HSP structure induced a dramatic increase in immunogenicity. The sequence of the immunogenic peptidedecamer was described allowing obtention of mutated HPS for immuno therapy.
However, a general stress would induce HSP in tumors as well as in normal cells.
All the tentative antitumoral treatment by stress induction on tumor cells did not induce specific immune response to HSP nor significative tumor response.
One of the aims of the invention is to provide a process for breaking the immunotolerance to HSP.
Another aim of the invention is to provide a process to enhance specifically HSP in a tumor or infectious area, to direct immune cytotoxic responses only to tumor or infected sites.
Another aim of the invention is to provide a process to achieve optimal antitumoral or antiinfectious response.
In a broad embodiment, the invention relates to lymphocytes, having the property of recognizing cells of a patient in which the pericellular membrane expression of HSP or presentation of HSP epitopes has been induced and increased with respect to the normally occurring HSP expression level in the patient's body, and corresponding to an overexpression of HSP, particularly at a level of at least about 10 times the normally occurring level.
In the text, the term "HSP" corresponds to peptidic compounds, comprising at least an amino acid sequence having at least 80 % homology with the amino acids between the positions 286 and 294 of HSP70. The said peptidic compounds comprise isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine, glycine or phenylalanine on position 293, and more particularly isoleucine.
It is to be noted that the term "overexpression" also designates overpresentation, which corresponds to an increase of HSP epitopes presented on the membrane.
In particular, HSP which is used in the invention comprises at least one of the following sequences :
- SEQ ID n° 1 286.SLFEGIDIY.294
- SED ID n° 2 286.SLFEGIDJNT.295
- SEQ ID n° 3 286.SLFEGIDFYT.295
The expression "peptidic compounds" designates an entity constituted by at least a HSP70 peptidic fragment above defined or by a succession of said peptidic fragments, and having possibly one or several other elements different from natural amino acids.
These elements have the aim to protect chemically or physically said peptidic fragments and/or to favour their absorption by organism, and/or their administration, and/or their biodisponibility.
For example, this protection enables the peptides to reach their targets without undergoing the action of several proteases which are present in the organism.
Such chemical modifications can also increase the affinity of an antigenic peptide for the molecule HLA- A2 and enable an increased efficiency of in vivo vaccine.
Said elements can be for example :
- chemical protecting groups known by the man in the art ,
- chemical groups improving the efficiency of the vaccine in vivo,
- lipids or fatty acids which are covalently bound to the peptidic fragments to form lipopeptides,
- a carrier protein of said peptidic fragments presenting restriction sites and enabling the route of the inctact peptide fragments to their site of action in organism. The expression "lymphocytes having the property of recognizing cells "designates lymphocytes having receptors with high affinity for antigens expressed or presented on the membranes of said cells.
HSP is expressed intracellularly and almost not on the membrane of non transformed cells, i. e non tumor cells or non infectious cells.
In the case of transformed cells, i.e tumor or infectious cells, the amount of HSP expressed or presented on the membrane is increased, but not in an amount sufficient for HSP to be recognized by the immune system and not under a form which, in itself, makes it antigenic, as it is a conserved protein.
The expression "normally occuring level of HSP" corresponds to the level of HSP expressed by tumor or infectious cells.
The expression "induced and increased" means triggering of an active response with de novo synthesis of HSP and expression on the cell membrane after a stress.
The expression "overexpression of HSP" means expression of HSP higher than the normally occuring level of HSP above defined. Membrane HSP expression level can be determined by classic immunological methods such as ELISA, FACS analysis, immunohistology or Western blotting.
The evidence that lymphocytes can recognize cells having overexpression of HSP can be shown by the cytotoxic activity that T lymphocytes express against these cells (for example Cr51 release assay) or by the increased proliferation of the lymphocytes recognizing the HSP antigen.
An advantageous embodiment, the invention relates to lymphocytes, which are T lymphocytes specific for cells having an overexpression of HSP on their pericellular membrane, and more particular T8 lymphocytes able to lyse said cells which have an overexpression of HSP, or T4 helper lymphocytes, and not to lyse cells with normally occurring expression of HSP.
"T8 lymphocytes" designate cytotoxic T lymphocytes expressing CD8 membrane marker and having receptors for HSP polypeptidic sequence.
"T4 helper lymphocytes" are helper T lymphocytes which express CD4.
These lymphocytes are specific for cells having an overexpression of HSP on their pericellular membrane, specificity meaning that they engage in high affinity, interactions and can be determined by classic immunological methods such as ELISA, FACS analysis or immunohistology.
The lymphocytes of the invention are such that they do not lyse cells with normally occuring expression of HSP, which means that they do not interact with cells having no or very low HSP on their membrane.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the lymphocytes, which are B lymphocytes, secrete antibodies recognizing specifically cells which have an overexpression of HSP on their pericellular membrane.
The B lymphocytes which are specific for HSP (presenting adequate receptor) will produce anti HSP antibodies (IgG/IgM)
According to another advantageous embodiment, the cells which have an overexpression of HSP are tumor cells or infectious cells, particularly virus infected cells.
In the present text, tumor cells or infectious cells are also designated as transformed cells.
According to another advantageous embodiment, the overexpression of HSP is induced by physical of chemical means, to induce locally a stress responsible for an overexpression of HSP on target cells, and in particular the local stress is induced:
- by submission of the body to variable magnetic field after injection of magnetic beads, and particularly ferrofluids, coupled to antibodies recognizing target cells and accumulating in these target cells,
- or by laser beam targeting the target cells ,
- or by local surgery ,
- or by radiation therapy,
- or by local drug delivery (chemotherapy) or by starvation from essential nutrients or of growth factors, chemokines, and hormones, essential for rapid proliferation of target cells.
A variable magnetic field has the property of inducing agitation of target cells. Ferrofluid are very small magnetic beads in the range from about 5 nm to about 100 nm.They can be chemically coupled to antibodies against the target cells. Laser beam targeting is a local excitation of transformed cells by laser technology which results in stress. Local surgery, radiation or local drug delivery or starvation produce local cell death apoptosis and stress.
The invention also relates to a process for preparing lymphocytes as above defined, comprising the steps of :
- loading antigen presenting cells with a mutated immunogenic form of HSP or cDNA coding for a mutated immunogenic form of HSP, to obtain antigen presenting cells presenting the mutated immunogenic form of HSP ;
- induction of a primary immune response against the mutated immunogenic form of HSP to obtain lymphocytes specific for said mutated immunogenic form of HSP and recognizing non mutated form of HSP ;
- induction of a secondary immune response against cells induced to have an overexpression of HSP on their membrane, to obtain an amplification of lymphocytes recognizing said cells with an affinity with respect to non mutated HSP overexpressed on said cells, with said affinity being increased compared to that obtained in the primary immune response.
APCs are loaded with mutated HSP, which comprises phagocytosis or pinocytosis of mutated HSP, which lead to intracellular degradation (processing) and expression of epitopes on the APC membrane in association with MHC molecules. As a consequence, APC will specifically present mutated HSP epitopes to lymphocytes.
The preparation of the lymphocytes of the invention implies a binary immune response comprising :
- a first immune response leading to lymphocytes recognizing mutated HSP and non mutated HSP with the synthesis of specific IgM/ IgG,
- a second immune response to amplify lymphocytes recognizing non mutated HSP, more precisely said second immune response being a result of a boost by induced overexpression of non mutated HSP which result in the synthesis of high level of Ig G and in the proliferation of specific T lymphocytes against HSP epitopes. It is to be noted that the lymphocytes have higher affinity for the target cells overexpressing HSP than those obtained further to the induction of the primary response. In the present text, the expression "non mutated HSP " designates wild type HSP.
The affinity constant Ka of lymphocytes amplified in the secondary immune response varies from 109 to 10u M ' 0
According to another advantageous embodiment, in the process of the invention, the induction of a primary response against the mutated immunogenic form of HSP comprises the following step :
* either injection to a patient of antigen presenting cells loaded with:
- a mutated immunogenic peptide derived from HSP,
- or a mutated immunogenic protein derived from HSP,
- or cDNA coding for a protein containing said mutated immunogenic peptide or protein,
- or a bacterial or viral vector coding for said mutated immunogenic peptide or protein, to obtain lymphocytes specific for said mutated immunogenic form of HSP and recognizing non mutated form of HSP ;
* or contacting antigen presenting cells, presenting the mutated immunogenic form of HSP, with lymphocytes from a patient, to obtain a mixture of antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes educated against the mutated immunogenic form of HSP and injection of said mixture to the patient.
According to another advantageous embodiment, in the process of the invention, the mutated immunogenic form of HSP consists in HSP presenting a point mutation in a peptide derived from HEAT Shock protein and particularly from HSP-70, and in particular the mutated immunogenic form of HSP contains or corresponds to one of the following peptides : Ser Leu Phe Glu Gly He Asp Phe Tyr Thr
Ser Leu Phe Glu Gly He Asp He Tyr Ser Leu Phe Glu Gly He Asp He Tyr Thr According to another advantageous embodiment, in the process of the invention, the secondary immune response is induced against cells having an overexpression of HSP comprises physical of chemical methods to induce locally a stress responsible for an overexpression of HSP on target cells, and in particular the local stress is induced:
- by submission of the body to variable magnetic field after injection of magnetic beads and particularly ferrofluids coupled to antibodies recognizing target cells and accumulating in these target cell,
- or by laser beam targeting the target cells,
- or by local surgery,
- or by radiation therapy,
- or by local drug delivery (chemotherapy) or by starvation from essential nutrients or of growth factors, chemokines, and hormones, essential for rapid proliferation of target cells.
The invention also relates to the use of the process of the invention, for the treatment of cancer or intracellular infections.
The lymphocytes of the invention are useful for the treatment of cancer and infections, in which it is possible to induce overexpression of HSP. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions, containing lymphocytes as defined above and possibly antigen presenting cells specific for HSP, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicule.
The invention also related to a method for the treatment of cancer or of intracellular infections comprising
- vaccination as above defined, by which the tolerance of the organism to the tumor or to the virus associated HSP is broken using immunogenic mutated form of HSP and induction of a stress on the target tumoral or intracellular infected cells.
The transformed cells are not efficiently recognized by the immune system, which means that there is a tolerance.
A mutation of the antigen (HSP) makes it immunogenic, and the tolerance towards the wild HSP is broken.
As to the induction of stress, it is done by physical or chemical means which result in stressed cells and expression of stress proteins.
A more detailed description of the invention is given hereafter.
The induction of tumor rejection by host cellular and humoral immunity is achieved by two steps: Immunization against a mutated form of Heat Shock Protein (HSP) combined with specific means of shocking tumor cells causing HSP overexpression.
First, the patients bearing tumors are immunized with recombinant mutated- HSP or mutated HSP70.2 decapeptide. This immunization is achieved for example with mutated peptides plus adjuvant, or with patient autologous dendritic cells pulsed with the m-peptide, or by injection with viral vectors expressing the m-peptide.
Second, HSP-70 overexpression in specifically induced in the targeted tumor cells. Therefore, magnetic nanoparticules (Ferrofluid) coupled to anti-tumor surface antigen Fab antibody are injected to the patients. Then the patient is submitted to a variable magnetic field of high intensity and frequency. This causes local temperature increase of several degrees in tumor cells covered with ferrofluids, resulting in overexpression of heat shock proteins and particularly of HSP-70. The tumor cells therefore become the target of a very strong secondary immune response against HSP overexpressed on tumors.
This approach can also be extended to patients infected with intracellular pathogens and particularly viruses. In this case, the antibodies used are directed against a viral antigen expressed by the infected cells. After an identical two steps treatment, the infected cells are recognized and killed by the elicited specific immune response of the patient.
EXAMPLES
1) Examples in vitro
Transformed human B cells are obtained after infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV). These cells are selected from HLA A2 patients and express B cell receptor (BCR). They are maintained in culture in RPMI 1640 medium (Lifecell Technology, GB) supplemented with 10% foetal calf serum.
Ferromagnetic nano particules (ferrofluid of 1 to 20 nm) are coupled to anti- BCR antibodies (anti-BCR antibodies, Immunotech, Fr) in phosphate buffered saline containing 1 % human serum albumin.
The infected B cells (5-106) are incubated for one hour on ice with an excess of antibody coated ferrofluid. Unbound ferrofluid is eliminated by washing and the cells are subjected to a magnetic field. This magnetic agitation induces overexpression of stress proteins and in particular of HSP-70 on the surface of B cells. This induction of HSP-70 is measured by Western Blot analysis using monoclonal antibodies against the constitutive and inducible forms of HSP-70.
A mHSP-70 specific T cell clone is obtained by the following technique :PBMC (107) and MAC-DC (107) loaded with the mutant peptide of HSP-70 (Triebel, IGR) are seeded in 6 well plates in 5ml complete RPMI containing 10 Ul/ml rIL-2, 50 Ul/ml rIl-7 (Sanofi) and 10 Ul/ml IL 12 -Genetics Institute). On day 7th of the culture, fresh MAC-DC and fresh medium are added.
After culturing for 3 weeks, lymphocytes are cloned by limiting dilution in 96 wells containing complete RPMI with 30 IU rIl-2 and 2% TCGF and 105 irradiated EBV-transformed autologous cells. Clones are split twice a week. After 3 week expansion, clones are tested for their lytic potential.
The T cell clones obtained are able to lyse specifically the B cells overexpressing HSP-70 after submission to the magnetic field. In contrast B cells not submitted to the magnetic field are not lysed by the T cell clone specific for mHSP70. The EBV transformed B cells loaded with the mutated peptide from HSP-70.2 (SLFEGIDFYT) or with the wild type HSP-70.2 peptide (SLFEGIDIYT) are recognized and lysed by the specific T cell clone.
This example shows that one can obtain lymphocytes having the property to recognize specifically transformed human cells in which the membrane expression of HSP has been induced and increased by stress with respect to the same cells which have no induction of HSP overexpression.
The sequence of specific induction of anti-mHSP T cells and the submission of target human cells to stress (and HSP overexpression as a result) allows immune recognition and lysis.
2) Obtaining tumor regression in experimental murine model
HHD Mice (Kb-, Dd-, b2m-, HLA-A2 HDD+) are immunized against the mutated peptide of HSP-70.2 (SLFEGIDFYT) by subcutaneous injection of 106 dendritic cells (differenciated from murine bone marrow in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-13) loaded with mutated mHSP-70 protein. After one week, they are inoculated with EL4 tumor (EL4 S3 RobHHD, Db-, Kb-, HLA A21 +) transfected with BCR gene.
After another 4 days mice receive intravenous injection of ferrofluid coupled to anti-BCR monoclonal antibodies. Five mice out of 10 are submitted to magnetic field. Only the animals previously immunized and exposed to the magnetic field show a marked ( > 50%) tumor regression. In contrast, control mice not immunized against mutated HSP70 or immunized but not exposed to magnetic field experience normal tumor growth.
3) Recruitment of a T cell repertoire specific for the HSP 286 peptide (SLFEGIDFYT) and other HSP 70-derived peptides
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HLA-A*0201 healthy donors were partly differentiated into monocyte-derived antigen presenting cells (MD- APCs), according to WO 97/44441 , partly treated as recommended by manufacturer (CD8 MicroBeads and VarioMACS, Miltenyi Biotec) to purify CD8+ T cells.
The CD8+ cells were cultured in round-bottom 96-well plates during five rounds of weekly stimulation by MD-APCs. Each stimulation consisted of setting the CD8 + T cells in contact with peptide-pulsed irradiated (3500 Rad) MD-APCs. The first stimulation was in the presence of IL-6 at 103 U/mL and IL-12 at lOU/mL. The four remaining rounds of stimulation were in the presence of IL-2 at 20U/mL and IL- 7 at lOng/mL. A week after the last stimulation, the presence of specific cytotoxic lymphocytes was determined by a 51Cr release assay against target cells pulsed with the HSP286 peptide (SLFEGIDFYT), or an irrelevant control peptide.
Results showed that a CTL repertoire specific for HSP286 is not completely deleted and indeed exists. It can thus be recruited and used in an immunotherapy strategy. This can be done by inducing a stress increasing the expression of HSP70 peptides and thus reactivating the immune response.
Preliminary data also show that such specific repertoires can be recruited by the native HSP380 peptide (LMGDKSENV) and the modified HSP10 Yl (YLGTTYSCV) and HSP199 Yl peptides (YLGGGTFDV), all peptides being derived from HSP70..

Claims

C L A I M S
1. Lymphocytes, having the property of recognizing cells of a patient in which the pericellular membrane expression of HSP or presentation of HSP epitopes has been induced and increased with respect to the normally occurring HSP expression level in the patient's body, and corresponding to an overexpression of
HSP, particularly at a level of at least about 10 times the normally occurring level.
2. Lymphocytes according to claim 1, which are T lymphocytes specific for cells having an overexpression of HSP on their pericellular membrane, and more particular T8 lymphocytes able to lyse said cells which have an overexpression of HSP, or T4 helper lymphocytes, and not to lyse cells with normally occurring expression of HSP.
3. Lymphocytes according to claim 1, which are B lymphocytes, secreting antibodies recognizing specifically cells which have an overexpression of HSP on their pericellular membrane.
4. Lymphocytes according to anyone of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cells having an overexpression of HSP are tumor cells or infectious cells, particularly virus infected cells.
5. Lymphocytes according to anyone of claims 1 to 4, wherein overexpression of HSP is induced by physical of chemical means to induce locally a stress responsible for an overexpression of HSP on target cells, and in particular the local stress is induced:
- by submission of the body to variable magnetic field after injection of magnetic beads, and particularly ferrofluids, coupled to antibodies recognizing target cells and accumulating in these target cells,
- or by laser beam targeting the target cells,
- or by local surgery , - or by radiation therapy,
- or by local drug delivery (chemotherapy) or by starvation from essential nutrients or of growth factors, chemokines, and hormones, essential for rapid proliferation of target cells.
6. Process for preparing lymphocytes according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of :
- loading antigen presenting cells with a mutated immunogenic form of HSP or cDNA coding for a mutated immunogenic form of HSP, to obtain antigen presenting cells presenting the mutated immunogenic form of HSP ;
- induction of a primary immune response against the mutated immunogenic form of HSP to obtain lymphocytes specific for said mutated immunogenic form of HSP and recognizing non mutated form of HSP ;
- induction of a secondary immune response against cells induced to have an overexpression of HSP on their membrane, to obtain an amplification of lymphocytes recognizing said cells with an affinity with respect to non mutated HSP overexpressed on said cells, with said affinity being increased compared to that obtained in the primary immune response.
7. Process according to claim 6, wherein the induction of a primary response against the mutated immunogenic form of HSP comprises the following step : * either injection to a patient of antigen presenting cells loaded with: a mutated immunogenic peptide derived from HSP, or a mutated immunogenic protein derived from HSP, - or cDNA coding for a protein containing said mutated immunogenic peptide or protein,
- or a bacterial or viral vector coding for said mutated immunogenic peptide or protein, to obtain lymphocytes specific for said mutated immunogenic form of HSP and recognizing non mutated form of HSP ; * or contacting antigen presenting cells, presenting the mutated immunogenic form of HSP, with lymphocytes from a patient, to obtain a mixture of antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes educated against the mutated immunogenic form of HSP and injection of said mixture to the patient.
8 Process according to claim 7, wherein the mutated immunogenic form of HSP consists in HSP presenting a point mutation in a peptide derived from heat shock protein and particularly from HSP-70, and in particular the mutated immunogenic form of HSP contains or corresponds to one of the following peptides: Ser Leu Phe Glu Gly He Asp Phe Tyr Thr Ser Leu Phe Glu Gly He Asp He Tyr Ser Leu Phe Glu Gly He Asp He Tyr Thr
9. Process according to anyone of claims 6 to 8, wherein the secondary immune response is induced against cells having an overexpression of HSP comprises physical of chemical methods to induce locally a stress responsible for an overexpression of HSP on target cells, and in particular the local stress is induced:
- by submission of the body to variable magnetic field after injection of magnetic beads and particularly ferrofluids coupled to antibodies recognizing target cells and accumulating in these target cell, - or by laser beam targeting the target cells,
- or by local surgery,
- or by radiation therapy,
- or by local drug delivery (chemotherapy) or by starvation from essential nutrients or of growth factors, chemokines, and hormones, essential for rapid proliferation of target cells.
10. Use of the process according to anyone of claims 6 to 9, for the treatment of cancer or intracellular infections.
11. Pharmaceutical composition, containing lymphocytes according to anyone of claims 1 to 5 and possibly antigen presenting cells specific for HSP, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicule.
12. Method of the treatment of cancer or of intracellular infections comprising - vaccination according claim 6, by which the tolerance of the organism to the tumor or to the virus associated HSP is broken using immunogenic mutated form of HSP and induction of a stress on the target tumoral or intracellular infected cells.
EP00969340A 1999-10-15 2000-09-29 New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics Withdrawn EP1222252A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00969340A EP1222252A1 (en) 1999-10-15 2000-09-29 New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99120484A EP1103602A1 (en) 1999-10-15 1999-10-15 New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use, in therapeutics
EP99120484 1999-10-15
PCT/EP2000/009530 WO2001029190A1 (en) 1999-10-15 2000-09-29 New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics
EP00969340A EP1222252A1 (en) 1999-10-15 2000-09-29 New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1222252A1 true EP1222252A1 (en) 2002-07-17

Family

ID=8239199

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99120484A Withdrawn EP1103602A1 (en) 1999-10-15 1999-10-15 New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use, in therapeutics
EP00969340A Withdrawn EP1222252A1 (en) 1999-10-15 2000-09-29 New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99120484A Withdrawn EP1103602A1 (en) 1999-10-15 1999-10-15 New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use, in therapeutics

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1103602A1 (en)
AU (1) AU7909700A (en)
CA (1) CA2386415A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001029190A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108753716A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-11-06 杭州启澜生物医学技术有限公司 A kind of amplification in vitro human peripheral CD3+The method of T cell

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050267020A1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2005-12-01 Olivier Faure Polypeptides derived from inducible hsp70 and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6130087A (en) * 1996-10-07 2000-10-10 Fordham University Methods for generating cytotoxic T cells in vitro

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0129190A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108753716A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-11-06 杭州启澜生物医学技术有限公司 A kind of amplification in vitro human peripheral CD3+The method of T cell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1103602A1 (en) 2001-05-30
CA2386415A1 (en) 2001-04-26
AU7909700A (en) 2001-04-30
WO2001029190A1 (en) 2001-04-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Condon et al. DNA–based immunization by in vivo transfection of dendritic cells
CA2715488C (en) Immunogenic control of tumours and tumour cells
Yamanaka et al. Enhancement of antitumor immune response in glioma models in mice by genetically modified dendritic cells pulsed with Semliki Forest virus—mediated complementary DNA
US20180194806A1 (en) Induction of tumor immunity by variants of folate binding protein
JP2022046617A (en) Cyaa-based chimeric proteins comprising heterologous polypeptide and their uses in induction of immune response
Qazi et al. Enhancement of DNA vaccine potency by linkage of Plasmodium falciparum malarial antigen gene fused with a fragment of HSP70 gene
RU2556128C2 (en) Immunoprophylactic cancer vaccine
KR20070068398A (en) Combination of a recombinant mycobacterium and a biologically active agent as a vaccine
EP0863704A1 (en) Stimulation of cell-mediated immune responses by targeted particulate genetic immunization
Hung et al. Modifying professional antigen-presenting cells to enhance DNA vaccine potency
US20020119163A1 (en) Methods and compositions for protection against bovine viral deseases
WO2001029190A1 (en) New lymphocytes, a process for preparing the same and their use in therapeutics
Behboudi et al. Dendritic cells infected by recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara retain immunogenicity in vivo despite in vitro dysfunction
AU2002304165B9 (en) Polynucleotide vaccine
JP2003522195A (en) Methods and compositions for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
RU2283129C1 (en) Protein-peptide antitumor composition, cell preparation activated therewith and method for tumor prophylaxis or treatment
CA2183260A1 (en) Prolactin as a vaccine adjuvant
CA2353816C (en) Compositions and methods for enhancement of major histocompatibility complex class i restricted antigen presentation
RU2684235C2 (en) Polyepitope anti-tumour vaccine structure containing epitopes of tumor-associated antigens, pharmaceutical composition and its application for stimulating specific anti-tumor immune response
Ruffini et al. Genetic idiotypic and tumor cell-based vaccine strategies for indolent non Hodgkin's lymphoma
CN117580852A (en) Novel dendritic cell-targeting peptide and composition for treating cancer comprising same
US20040198684A1 (en) Vaccine comprising polynucleotides
Offringa et al. IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
US20060121050A1 (en) Fusion protein comprising bacillus calmette guerin heat shock protein 65 and the epitope of human prostate specific antigen
JPWO2021005338A5 (en)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20020322

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20050203

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20050614