EP1219916B1 - Bullet-proof vest - Google Patents

Bullet-proof vest Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1219916B1
EP1219916B1 EP20010204893 EP01204893A EP1219916B1 EP 1219916 B1 EP1219916 B1 EP 1219916B1 EP 20010204893 EP20010204893 EP 20010204893 EP 01204893 A EP01204893 A EP 01204893A EP 1219916 B1 EP1219916 B1 EP 1219916B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vest
packets
layers
weight
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP20010204893
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1219916A1 (en
Inventor
Jan Lodewijk Lindemulder
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DSM IP Assets BV
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DSM IP Assets BV
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP00204641A external-priority patent/EP1219915A1/en
Application filed by DSM IP Assets BV filed Critical DSM IP Assets BV
Priority to EP20010204893 priority Critical patent/EP1219916B1/en
Publication of EP1219916A1 publication Critical patent/EP1219916A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1219916B1 publication Critical patent/EP1219916B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ballistic vest with protection factor SK 1 and a surface weight between 3.7 and 4.1 kg / m 2 and which contains a stack of flexible packets composed of unidirectional layers consisting largely of a first type of fiber, namely polybenzoxazole ( PBO), wherein the fibers in a unidirectional layer are mainly parallel and form an angle greater than 0 degrees to the fibers of the adjacent layer.
  • a ballistic vest with protection factor SK 1 and a surface weight between 3.7 and 4.1 kg / m 2 and which contains a stack of flexible packets composed of unidirectional layers consisting largely of a first type of fiber, namely polybenzoxazole ( PBO), wherein the fibers in a unidirectional layer are mainly parallel and form an angle greater than 0 degrees to the fibers of the adjacent layer.
  • PBO polybenzoxazole
  • Ballistic vests consisting of unidirectional PBO fiber layers and characterized by an SK1 protection factor, ie bullet-resistant to 9 mm Geco steel sheath ammunition at 410 m / s, are known to the market.
  • SK1 protection factor ie bullet-resistant to 9 mm Geco steel sheath ammunition at 410 m / s
  • a surface weight of about 3.7 kg / m 2 is required.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a vest containing at most 2.6 kg / m 2 unidirectional layers of PBO fiber, while maintaining the SK 1 protection factor and increasing the surface weight by no more than 10%.
  • This objective is achieved by making the vest at the weft side of packets of second fiber type layers, these packets of second fiber type layers constituting 40-80% by weight of the vest and containing predominantly aramid or HPPE fibers.
  • HPPE fibers are preferred.
  • a vest which contains at a surface weight of 3.7 to 4.1 kg / m 2 and a SK 1 protection factor at most 2.46 kg / m 2 PBO UD.
  • Surface weight is defined here as the weight of the vest per square meter.
  • HPPE fibers are stretched ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers.
  • Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers are made of polyethylene having an average molecular weight of at least 500,000 kg / kmol. The molecular weight is preferably more than 2,000,000 kg / kmol.
  • SK 1 protection means that the vest complies with the requirements of the German protection class 1 standard.
  • a vest consists of a stack of packets of strong fibers. These packets may be constructed of two or more layers of unidirectional fibers. In this case, the fibers usually run parallel and form an angle to the fibers of an adjacent layer that is greater than 0 degrees.
  • a packet should preferably consist of two or four layers.
  • the vest preferably comprises 50-70 weight percent layers of the second grade. This ensures that the weight deviates less than 5% from that of a vest made entirely from PBO layers.
  • Fibers we mean stretched objects whose length is significantly greater than their width or thickness. Fibers contain continuous mono- and multifilaments such as staple or cut fibers.
  • strong fibers in this new development generally indicates fibers having a thickness of at least 6 dN / tex, a modulus of at least 130 dN / tex and a breaking energy of at least 8 J / g. Preference is given to strong fibers, fibers having a thickness of at least 10 dN / tex, a modulus of at least 200 dN / tex and a breaking energy of at least 20 J / g. More preferred are fibers having a thickness of at least 16 dN / tex, a modulus of at least 400 dN / tex, and a fracture energy of at least 27 J / g.
  • strong fibers are both aramid and HPPE fibers in question.
  • the SK 1 protection factor for a vest was less than 4.1 kg / m 2 and less than 70 weight percent PBO fibers in the compilation of Example 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine ballistische Weste mit Schutzfaktor SK 1 und einem Oberflächengewicht zwischen 3,7 und 4,1 kg/m2 und die einen Stapel flexibler Päckchen enthält, die aus unidirektionalen Schichten zusammengesetzt sind, bestehend größtenteils aus einem ersten Fasertyp, nämlich Polybenzoxazol (PBO), wobei die Fasern in einer unidirektionalen Schicht hauptsächlich parallel verlaufen und zu den Fasern der benachbarten Schicht einen Winkel bilden, der größer ist als 0 Grad. Eine derartige Weste ist aus der WO 97 49546 A, welche eine grundlage für der Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 bildet, bekannt.The invention relates to a ballistic vest with protection factor SK 1 and a surface weight between 3.7 and 4.1 kg / m 2 and which contains a stack of flexible packets composed of unidirectional layers consisting largely of a first type of fiber, namely polybenzoxazole ( PBO), wherein the fibers in a unidirectional layer are mainly parallel and form an angle greater than 0 degrees to the fibers of the adjacent layer. Such a vest is known from WO 97 49546 A, which forms a basis for the preamble of claim 1 known.

Ballistische Westen, die aus unidirektionalen PBO-Faserschichten bestehen und sich durch einen SK1-Schutzfaktor, i.e. durchschusshemmend gegen 9 mm Geco-Stahlmantel Munition auf 410 m/s, auszeichnen, sind dem Markt bekannt. Zur Erlangung des SK 1-Schutzfaktors ist ein Oberflächengewicht von ca. 3,7 kg/m2 erforderlich.Ballistic vests, consisting of unidirectional PBO fiber layers and characterized by an SK1 protection factor, ie bullet-resistant to 9 mm Geco steel sheath ammunition at 410 m / s, are known to the market. To obtain the SK 1 protection factor, a surface weight of about 3.7 kg / m 2 is required.

Der Nachteil einer solchen Weste liegt in den hohen Kosten für Päckchen von unidirektionalen Schichten aus PBO-Faser.The disadvantage of such a vest is the high cost of packets of unidirectional PBO fiber layers.

Das Ziel der Erfindung ist die Entwicklung einer Weste, die höchstens 2,6 kg/m2 unidirektionale Schichten aus PBO-Faser enthält, wobei der SK 1-Schutzfaktor gewahrt bleibt und das Oberflächengewicht um nicht mehr als 10% zunimmt.The object of the invention is to develop a vest containing at most 2.6 kg / m 2 unidirectional layers of PBO fiber, while maintaining the SK 1 protection factor and increasing the surface weight by no more than 10%.

Dieses Ziel wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Weste an Schussseite aus Päckchen von Schichten eines zweiten Fasertyps besteht, wobei diese Päckchen von Schichten des zweiten Fasertyps 40-80 Gewichtsprozent der Weste bilden und vornehmlich Aramid- oder HPPE-Fasern enthalten. Bei der Herstellung der Schichten des zweiten Fasertyps verdienen HPPE-Fasern den Vorzug.This objective is achieved by making the vest at the weft side of packets of second fiber type layers, these packets of second fiber type layers constituting 40-80% by weight of the vest and containing predominantly aramid or HPPE fibers. In making the second fiber type layers, HPPE fibers are preferred.

So wird erreicht, dass eine Weste entsteht, die bei einem Oberflächengewicht von 3,7 bis 4,1 kg/m2 und einem SK 1-Schutzfaktor höchstens 2,46 kg/m2 PBO UD enthält.Thus, it is achieved that a vest is formed, which contains at a surface weight of 3.7 to 4.1 kg / m 2 and a SK 1 protection factor at most 2.46 kg / m 2 PBO UD.

Oberflächengewicht ist hier definiert wie das Gewicht der Weste pro Quadratmeter.Surface weight is defined here as the weight of the vest per square meter.

Wie sich überraschenderweise herausstellte, benötigt man bei der Substitution von PBO durch Aramid oder HPPE an der Schussseite der Weste weniger Aramid oder HPPE, als angesichts des Gewichts einer kompletten Aramid- bzw. HPPE-Weste mit SK 1-Schutzfaktor zu erwarten gewesen wäre.
Die Päckchen von Schichten des zweiten Fasertyps bilden 40-80 Gewichtsprozent der Weste. Bei einem Gewichtsprozentsatz unter 40% fällt der Preisvorteil im Falle einer kompletten PBO-Weste zu gering aus. Liegt der Gewichtsprozentsatz höher als 80%, so benötigt man zur Erlangung des SK 1-Schutzfaktors eine so große Menge Aramid oder HPPE, dass das Oberflächengewicht der Weste den Wert von 4,1 kg/m2 übersteigt.Surprisingly, it has been found that substitution of aramid or HPPE on the firing side of the vest requires less aramid or HPPE than would be expected given the weight of a complete aramid or HPPE vest with SK 1 protection factor.
The packets of second fiber type layers constitute 40-80% by weight of the vest. At a weight percentage below 40%, the price advantage in the case of a complete PBO vest is too low. If the weight percentage is higher than 80%, the amount of aramid or HPPE required to obtain the SK 1 protection factor is such that the surface weight of the vest exceeds 4.1 kg / m 2 .

Unter HPPE-Fasern versteht man gestreckte ultrahohe Molekular-Polyethylenfasern. Ultrahohe Molekular-Polyethylenfasern bestehen aus Polyethylen mit einem durchschnittlichen Molgewicht von mindestens 500 000 kg/kmol. Das Molgewicht beträgt vorzugsweise mehr als 2 000 000 kg/kmol.HPPE fibers are stretched ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers are made of polyethylene having an average molecular weight of at least 500,000 kg / kmol. The molecular weight is preferably more than 2,000,000 kg / kmol.

Das Kürzel "SK 1-Schutz" bedeutet, dass die Weste den durch die Norm der Deutschen Schutzklasse 1 gestellten Anforderungen entspricht.The abbreviation "SK 1 protection" means that the vest complies with the requirements of the German protection class 1 standard.

Im Allgemeinen besteht eine Weste aus einem Stapel von Päckchen aus starken Fasern. Diese Päckchen können aus zwei oder mehr Schichten unidirektionaler Fasern aufgebaut sein. Dabei verlaufen die Fasern meist parallel und bilden zu den Fasern einer benachbarten Schicht einen Winkel, der größer als 0 Grad ist. Ein Päckchen sollte vorzugsweise aus zwei oder vier Schichten bestehen.In general, a vest consists of a stack of packets of strong fibers. These packets may be constructed of two or more layers of unidirectional fibers. In this case, the fibers usually run parallel and form an angle to the fibers of an adjacent layer that is greater than 0 degrees. A packet should preferably consist of two or four layers.

Die Weste umfasst vorzugsweise 50-70 Gewichtsprozent Schichten der zweiten Sorte. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass das Gewicht um weniger als 5% von dem einer Weste abweicht, die ganz aus PBO-Schichten zusammengesetzt ist.The vest preferably comprises 50-70 weight percent layers of the second grade. This ensures that the weight deviates less than 5% from that of a vest made entirely from PBO layers.

Unter "Fasern" verstehen wir hier gestreckte Objekte, deren Länge bedeutend größer ist als ihre Breite oder Stärke. Fasern enthalten kontinuierliche Mono- und Multifilamente wie Stapel- oder Schnittfasern.By "fibers" we mean stretched objects whose length is significantly greater than their width or thickness. Fibers contain continuous mono- and multifilaments such as staple or cut fibers.

Die Bezeichnung "starke Fasern" deutet in dieser Neuentwicklung in der Regel Fasern mit einer Stärke von mindestens 6 dN/tex, einem Modulus von mindestens 130 dN/tex und einer Bruchenergie von mindestens 8 J/g an. Den Vorzug verdienen starke Fasern, Fasern mit einer Stärke von mindestens 10 dN/tex, einem Modulus von mindestens 200 dN/tex und einer Bruchenergie von mindestens 20 J/g. Größeren Vorzug verdienen Fasern mit einer Stärke von mindestens 16 dN/tex, einem Modulus von mindestens 400 dN/tex und einer Bruchenergie von mindestens 27 J/g. Den größten Vorzug jedoch verdienen Fasern mit einer Stärke von mindestens 28 dN/tex, einem Modulus von mindestens 1200 dN/tex und einer Bruchenergie von mindestens 40 J/g erwiesen. Als starke Fasern kommen sowohl Aramid- als auch HPPE-Fasern in Frage. Bevorzugt werden HPPE-Fasern.The term "strong fibers" in this new development generally indicates fibers having a thickness of at least 6 dN / tex, a modulus of at least 130 dN / tex and a breaking energy of at least 8 J / g. Preference is given to strong fibers, fibers having a thickness of at least 10 dN / tex, a modulus of at least 200 dN / tex and a breaking energy of at least 20 J / g. More preferred are fibers having a thickness of at least 16 dN / tex, a modulus of at least 400 dN / tex, and a fracture energy of at least 27 J / g. However, the greatest preference is given to fibers having a thickness of at least 28 dN / tex, a modulus of at least 1200 dN / tex and a breaking energy of at least 40 Y / g proved. As strong fibers are both aramid and HPPE fibers in question. Preference is given to HPPE fibers.

BEISPIELEEXAMPLES

Die Norm Schutzklasse 1 (Oktober 2000) besteht aus 6 Tests:

  • Munition 9 mm, Geco-Stahlmantel auf 410 ± 10 m/s, Weible Plastilin:
    • Beschuss 90° (senkrecht) bei Zimmertemperatur
    • Beschuss 90° bei einer Temperatur von 70° C
    • Beschuss 90° bei einer Temperatur von -20° C
    • Beschuss bei Zimmertemperatur (unter 25° C)
    • Aufgesetzter Schuss (100 N), Winkel 90° bei Zimmertemperatur
    • Beschuss auf Verbund, der 30 Minuten in Wasser eingetaucht wurde, Winkel 90°.
The standard protection class 1 (October 2000) consists of 6 tests:
  • Ammunition 9 mm, Geco steel casing 410 ± 10 m / s, plasticine:
    • Shelling 90 ° (vertical) at room temperature
    • Bombardment 90 ° at a temperature of 70 ° C
    • Bombardment 90 ° at a temperature of -20 ° C
    • Shelling at room temperature (below 25 ° C)
    • Applied shot (100 N), angle 90 ° at room temperature
    • Shelling on composite immersed in water for 30 minutes, angle 90 °.

Munition 9mm para Geco Steel Jacket.Ammunition 9mm para Geco Steel Jacket.

Alle Westen werden dem SK 1-Normtest unterzogen. Die in den Beispielen und den Vergleichenden Experimenten an erster Stelle genannten Päckchen befinden sich an der Schussseite der Weste. Die Ergebnisse des SK 1-Tests werden in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt. Ein "+" bedeutet das die Norm Schutzklasse 1 eirreicht wurde.All vests are subjected to the SK 1 standard test. The packets mentioned first in the Examples and Comparative Experiments are located at the weft side of the vest. The results of the SK 1 test are listed in Table 1. A "+" means that the standard protection class 1 has been reached.

Materialienmaterials

Als PBO-Faser wurde Zylon® von Toyobo verwendet.
Als HPPE-Faser wurde Dyneema® SK 76 verwendet.

  • a) Zylon UD SB, ein Päckchen von zwei (0/90) Schichten unidirektionalem PBO, an beiden Seiten mit einem PE-Film versehen; Oberflächengewicht 97 g/m2.
  • b) Dyneema UD SB21, ein Päckchen von vier (0/90/90/0) Schichten unidirektionalen HPPE-Fasern (Dyneema SK 76), an beiden Seiten mit einem PE-Film versehen; Oberflächengewicht 145 g/m2.
The PBO fiber used was Zylon® from Toyobo.
The HPPE fiber used was Dyneema® SK 76.
  • a) Zylon UD SB, a packet of two (0/90) layers of unidirectional PBO, provided with a PE film on both sides; Surface weight 97 g / m 2 .
  • b) Dyneema UD SB21, a package of four (0/90/90/0) layers of unidirectional HPPE fibers (Dyneema SK 76), provided with a PE film on both sides; Surface weight 145 g / m 2 .

Beispiel 1example 1

15 Päckchen Dyneema UD SB21 (2,18 kg/m2) + 16 Päckchen Zylon UD (1,55 kg/m2) = 3,73 kg/m2. Dieser Wert entspricht 58 Gewichtsprozent HPPE und 42 Gewichtsprozent PBO eines Oberflächengewichts, das mit nahezu 100% PBO übereinstimmt.15 small packets of Dyneema UD SB21 (2.18 kg / m 2 ) + 16 small packets of Zylon UD (1.55 kg / m 2 ) = 3.73 kg / m 2 . This value corresponds to 58 percent by weight HPPE and 42% by weight PBO of a surface weight consistent with nearly 100% PBO.

Vergleichendes Experiment AComparative experiment A

Dyneema UD SB21, 34 Päckchen = 4,93 kg/m2 Dyneema UD SB21, 34 packets = 4.93 kg / m 2

Vergleichendes Experiment BComparative experiment B

Zylon UD SB, 38 Päckchen = 3,7 kg/m2 Zylon UD SB, 38 parcels = 3.7 kg / m 2

Vergleichendes Experiment CComparative experiment C

16 Päckchen Zylon UD + 16 Päckchen Dyneema UD SB21 (1,57 + 2,2 = 3,89 kg/m2)16 packets of Zylon UD + 16 packets of Dyneema UD SB21 (1.57 + 2.2 = 3.89 kg / m 2 )

Vergleichendes Experiment DComparative experiment D

16 Päckchen Zylon UD + 15 Päckchen Dyneema UD SB21 (1,57 + 2,17 = 3,75 kg/m2)16 packets Zylon UD + 15 packets Dyneema UD SB21 (1,57 + 2,17 = 3,75 kg / m 2 )

Vergleichendes Experiment EComparative experiment E

16 Päckchen Zylon UD + 16 Päckchen Dyneema UD SB21 (1,57 + 2,3 = 3,9 kg/m2)16 packets of Zylon UD + 16 packets of Dyneema UD SB21 (1.57 + 2.3 = 3.9 kg / m 2 )

Vergleichendes Experiment FComparative experiment F

18 Päckchen Zylon UD + 16 Päckchen Dyneema UD SB21 (1,75 + 2,32 = 4,07 kg/m2)18 packets of Zylon UD + 16 packets of Dyneema UD SB21 (1.75 + 2.32 = 4.07 kg / m 2 )

Vergleichendes Experiment GComparative experiment G

20 Päckchen Zylon UD + 16 Päckchen Dyneema UD SB21 (1,96 + 2,32 = 4,3 kg/m2) Tabelle 1 Beispiel / Vergleichendes Experiment SK 1 1 + A + B + C - D - E - F - G + 20 packets Zylon UD + 16 packets Dyneema UD SB21 (1,96 + 2,32 = 4,3 kg / m 2 ) <u> Table 1 </ u> Example / Comparative experiment SK 1 1 + A + B + C - D - e - F - G +

Wie die Beispiele und Vergleichenden Experimente zeigen, konnte der SK 1-Schutzfaktor für eine Weste von weniger als 4,1 kg/m2 und weniger als 70 Gewichtsprozent PBO-Fasern in der Zusammenstellung von Beispiel 1 erreicht werden.As the Examples and Comparative Experiments show, the SK 1 protection factor for a vest was less than 4.1 kg / m 2 and less than 70 weight percent PBO fibers in the compilation of Example 1.

Claims (3)

  1. Ballistic resistant vest with SK 1 protection factor, i.e. stops 9 mm Geco steel jacket ammunition at 410 m/s, and a surface weight between 3.7 and 4.1 kg/m2, including a stack of flexible packets with unidirectionally arranged layers, these mainly consisting of a first fibre type, namely PBO fibres, the fibres in any one unidirectional layer mainly extending in a parallel direction and forming an angle exceeding 0 degree to the fibres of the adjacent layer, characterized in that the vest consists on the projectile side of packets of layers of a second fibre type, these packets of layers of a second fibre type forming 40-80 per cent by weight of the vest and chiefly including aramid or HPPE fibres.
  2. Ballistic resistant vest according to Claim 1 wherein the packets of layers of a second fibre type form 50-70 per cent by weight of the vest.
  3. Ballistic resistant vest according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the layers of the second type chiefly include HPPE fibres.
EP20010204893 2000-12-19 2001-12-17 Bullet-proof vest Expired - Lifetime EP1219916B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20010204893 EP1219916B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2001-12-17 Bullet-proof vest

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00204641 2000-12-19
EP00204641A EP1219915A1 (en) 2000-12-19 2000-12-19 Ballistic vest
EP20010204893 EP1219916B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2001-12-17 Bullet-proof vest

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1219916A1 EP1219916A1 (en) 2002-07-03
EP1219916B1 true EP1219916B1 (en) 2006-08-09

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EP20010204893 Expired - Lifetime EP1219916B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2001-12-17 Bullet-proof vest

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009129175A1 (en) 2008-04-14 2009-10-22 Dow Corning Corporation Emulsions of boron crosslinked organopolysiloxanes
RU2474783C1 (en) * 2012-02-02 2013-02-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственное предприятие "АРМОКОМ-ЦЕНТР" Armor- heat-protective overall

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1003405C2 (en) * 1996-06-24 1998-01-07 Dsm Nv Anti-ballistic molded part.
US6047399A (en) * 1997-10-24 2000-04-11 Second Chance Body Armor, Inc. Multi-component protective garment with composite strike face and woven base
US6151710A (en) * 1998-10-17 2000-11-28 Second Chance Body Armor, Inc. Multi-component lightweight ballistic resistant garment
TWI227197B (en) * 1998-12-21 2005-02-01 Du Pont Hybrid protective composite

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