EP1216604A1 - Procede de controle en continu de la qualite des sons numeriques en distribution - Google Patents
Procede de controle en continu de la qualite des sons numeriques en distributionInfo
- Publication number
- EP1216604A1 EP1216604A1 EP00966214A EP00966214A EP1216604A1 EP 1216604 A1 EP1216604 A1 EP 1216604A1 EP 00966214 A EP00966214 A EP 00966214A EP 00966214 A EP00966214 A EP 00966214A EP 1216604 A1 EP1216604 A1 EP 1216604A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- value
- signal
- digital
- energy
- frequency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 51
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 16
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for continuously monitoring the quality of digital sounds in distribution.
- the digital audio coding processes used by radio and television broadcasting services have reduced the amount of data to be transmitted. In return, this reduction is likely to cause an irreparable loss of sound quality compared to the original source signal.
- the extent of the faults generated depends on the bit rate allocated to the encoder, the complexity of the content of the sound signal, as well as the problems associated with signal transmission.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of the processes or methods of the prior art by implementing a method based on a detailed study of the digital signal and of the continuous behavior of the latter, in order to allow, from conventional methods, to assess the overall quality level of the signal.
- the process for continuously monitoring the quality of distribution sounds, object of the present invention, these digital sounds being available in stereophonic mode according to a digital signal representing at minus one right channel and one left channel, is remarkable in that it consists in carrying out a statistical analysis of the content of this digital signal on each of these channels.
- Statistical analysis consists in temporally cutting the digital signal according to successive sequences of samples, comprising a determined number of samples, and in performing, during the existence of a digital sound program, a spectral analysis of each of the series of samples to observe the variations in energy and envelope of the digital signal in the time and frequency domain and calculate an overall quality index.
- a final quality index is calculated from the energy and envelope variations and the overall quality index, in the form of a bounded value and continuous over time, this final quality index being representative of the quality perceived digital sounds.
- FIG. 1b represents, purely by way of illustration, a process for creating sequences of samples of the digital signal, allowing the implementation of the method which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 2 represents, in the form of a flowchart, a detail of a preferred embodiment of the step of calculation from the energy and envelope variations of the final quality index;
- FIG. 3a represents a flowchart relating to a nonlimiting preferential mode of calculation of a value Cb (t) linked to the bandwidth of the digital signal and allowing the implementation of the preferential embodiment of the method object of the present invention shown in Figure 2;
- FIG. 3b represents a flowchart relating to a preferential non-limiting calculation mode of a value Cs (t) linked to the stereophonic properties of the digital time signal and allowing the implementation of the preferential embodiment of the method object of the present invention shown in Figure 2;
- FIG. 3a represents a flowchart relating to a nonlimiting preferential mode of calculation of a value Cb (t) linked to the bandwidth of the digital signal and allowing the implementation of the preferential embodiment of the method object of the present invention shown in Figure 2;
- FIG. 3b represents a flowchart relating to a prefer
- FIG. 3c represents a flowchart relating to a nonlimiting preferential mode of calculation of a value Cw (t) linked to the laundering of the digital time signal for each channel of the digital time signal and allowing the implementation of the method object of the present invention shown in Figure 2;
- FIGS. 4a and 4b represent a process for detecting a short cut signal;
- - Figures 5a and 5b show a process for detecting a hissing parasitic signal;
- Figures 6a and 6b show a process for detecting a spurious buzzing signal;
- FIG. 7 represents a process for detecting inter-channel phase shift between the digital signals conveyed by the channels of a stereophonic signal.
- the process which is the subject of the present invention makes it possible to obtain a value of bounded quality index, ranging for example between two upper quality limits, excellent to bad, this bounded value being continuous over time and indicative of the quality of the sound signal.
- this value in fact consists of successive discrete values calculated over time intervals sufficiently short for these successive values to be representative of a quality value considered to be continuous over time.
- the method which is the subject of the invention applies to digital sounds, which are available in stereophonic according to a digital signal, denoted ADS, representing at least one right channel and one left channel, the method which is the subject of the present invention can, if necessary, be applied to quadraphonic or other sound signals.
- ADS digital signal
- the method which is the subject of the present invention can, if necessary, be applied to quadraphonic or other sound signals.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention consists in carrying out a statistical analysis of the content of the aforementioned digital signal on each of the channels.
- step 3 consisting in calculating, from the energy and envelope variations and from the overall quality index I (t), a final quality index, noted I f (t) , which consists of a bounded value and continues over time. This index is representative of the quality of the aforementioned digital signals.
- the sequences of samples can be constituted by sequences of samples having a recovery rate ratio of the number of samples common to two consecutive sequences S n - ⁇ , S n in number of constituent samples of each series of samples, this rate can be between 0 and 75%. It is indicated in particular that the aforementioned temporal division can be carried out by a sequential memorization of these series of samples then a second reading of the stored samples, the reading process being carried out by addressing in recovery of successive samples to achieve the recovery rate considered .
- FIG. 1b there is shown by way of illustration the successive sequences of samples, the successive sequences S n - ⁇ , S n and S n + ⁇ being overlapped by two samples out of a hundred for example.
- step 2 consists in calculating an overall quality index I (t) from at least one frequency criterion and a temporal criterion of variation d energy and envelope.
- the aforementioned step 2 consists in taking into account the quality criteria linked to the variations of energy ⁇ and of envelope ⁇ E, these criteria possibly consisting in the calculation of values such as Cb (t) values related to the bandwidth of the digital signal, Cs (t) values related to the stereophonic properties of the digital signal and finally, Cw (t) values based on the whitening of the time signal.
- step 22 is then followed by a step 23 consisting in calculating the value of the overall quality index, which is defined by a linear combination of the values Cb (t), Cs (t) and Cw (t).
- the global quality index checks the relation (1):
- the value of the overall quality index thus obtained for a series of samples considered is between 0, for poor overall quality, and 1 for excellent overall quality.
- step 3 of calculating the final quality index can then be implemented as shown in the preferred nonlimiting embodiment of FIG. 2.
- step 3 consists in weighting the value of the overall quality index I (t) as a function of the appearance of fault signals liable to interfere with the hearing of the sound signals, these faults constituting alarms likely to encourage the operator to take measures to ensure the quality of radio or television broadcasting.
- step 3 as consisting in detecting the existence on the digital signal ADS of at least one disturbance of transmission of the digital signal, this disturbance of transmission being detected in step 30 for the existence of a hissing or saturation, in step 31 for the existence of a micro-cut phenomenon, in step 32 for the existence a buzzing sound.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention may consist, for the implementation of step 3, in detecting the presence of a phase shift interconnected in a step 33, the presence of such a phase shift not being considered as a transmission disturbance due to relative phase shifts introduced, in certain cases, by operators on the way to left, respectively the right channel of digital audio signals.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention consists in assigning to the existence of this disturbance a specific weighting coefficient representative of the contribution from this disturbance to the degradation of the quality of digital signals.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention consists in assign a value of phase shift criterion D to this value of phase shift when this value of phase shift is greater than 0, that is to say on a positive response to test 33, and a value of criterion of phase shift D equal to 0 otherwise step 33b, that is to say on a negative response to test 33.
- Step 34 is then followed by a step 35 consisting in calculating and determining the final quality index I f (t) by comparison of the difference between the weighted quality index, this weighted quality index taking the value of the overall quality index divided by the weighting coefficient p obtained in step 34, and the value of the phase shift criterion D assigned in step 33a or 33b, this difference then being compared to the value 0 .
- step 35 in the presence of a radio or television program, checks the relation (3):
- I (t) sup (l (t) / p-D, 0).
- the relation (3) indicates that the final quality index is assigned the largest value between the values constituted by the aforementioned difference and the value 0.
- step 35 It is indicated that the relation (3) made in step 35 is used, since by hypothesis the final quality index cannot have a negative value.
- the step of calculating the value Cb (t) linked to the bandwidth of the digital time signal is implemented on the basis of a statistical analysis of the bandwidth width of the digital audio signal.
- this approach is made possible by noting that the spectrum of a coded signal generally has as a characteristic a strong decrease in energy at the location of the frequency cutoff. above criticism.
- the spectra signals with low content at high frequency are generally not characterized by such a break, but on the contrary by a slow decrease in energy, which does not make it possible to discern a reference sequence from a coded sequence.
- the method which is the subject of the invention in particular the process of calculating the value Cb (t) linked to the bandwidth of the digital signal, makes it possible to verify that the previously mentioned break exists well before considering the estimation of the quality factor. as valid.
- Such a constraint considerably improves the relevance of the method which is the subject of the invention, in the context of the definition of an acceptability criterion linked to the coding defect.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention is only valid for signal zones containing information, that is to say outside the zones of silence.
- the goal is to estimate on average the last coded frequency and not the instantaneous bandwidth of the signal.
- the time signal as shown in FIG. 3a, is subjected to a frequency decomposition, time / frequency transformation, by discrete Fourier transform for example on N points of the time signal weighted by a window, such as a window from Hamming.
- a frequency decomposition, time / frequency transformation by discrete Fourier transform for example on N points of the time signal weighted by a window, such as a window from Hamming.
- the frequency breakdown is shown in step 220 in Figure 3a.
- N power resulting from this transformation includes - + 1
- step 220 can then advantageously be followed by a step 221 consisting in determining the existence of a zone of silence.
- the test carried out in step 221 may consist in comparing the energy of the spectrum obtained with a threshold value.
- step 222 consisting in cutting into P sub-bands of K spectral lines of determined energy the frequency decomposition of the digital time signal obtained in step 220.
- Each sub-band of the decomposition contains K energy lines e.
- step 222 is then followed, for the left and right channels carrying the digital signal ADS, by a step 223 for calculating the average energy Ei contained in each sub-band of rank i.
- step 223 is then followed by a process consisting in determining the specific rank i c of the corresponding sub-band of rank i, for which the cutoff frequency, or breakage mentioned above, occurs by at least a comparison of the ratio of the energy contained in the last sub-band taken as reference level of background noise at the energy contained in the other Pl sub-bands at a first threshold value.
- the comparison operation is written:
- the rank of the sub-band i is decremented to the value i-1 in step 227.
- the value of the sub-band index i is then submitted, in step 229, to a comparison with the value 1 making it possible to check whether all the sub-bands have been taken into account.
- This memorization takes place in a particularly advantageous manner in a table of rank values at a step denoted 230.
- step 230 is then followed by a step 231 consisting in searching in the table of stored values, by a sorting program, the value of the rank i c of which the occurrence is the greatest.
- Step 231 is then followed by a step 232 making it possible in fact to determine the most likely cutoff frequency F c for the right and left channels. It is understood in particular that the most probable cutoff frequency F c , F c left, F c right, is determined by converting the rank i c into the value of the corresponding frequency sub-band.
- step 233 consisting in calculating the average value Q of the left and right cut-off frequencies normalized by the maximum theoretical cut-off frequency P, the above-mentioned average value Q verifying the relation (5):
- the average value of the frequencies Q can then be subjected to a normalization on psycho-acoustic criteria defined by at least one threshold value of good quality of digital audio coding, denoted Threshold3, and a threshold value of poor quality of digital audio coding, denoted Threshold4.
- the average value Q can then be compared by comparison of superiority to the value Threshold4 and of inferiority to the value Threshold3 according to the relationship:
- Threshold4 ⁇ Q ⁇ Threshold3? By way of nonlimiting example, it is indicated that a cutoff frequency of the order of 17 kHz implies a good quality of digital audio coding, while a cutoff frequency of the order of 10 kHz implies coding with a great deal degradations.
- the values for Threshold4 and Threshold3 can for example correspond to frequencies of 10 kHz and 17 kHz respectively.
- the aforementioned step 233 can then be followed by a step 234 consisting in fact of calculating a reduced value constituting the value Cb (t) linked to the bandwidth, the aforementioned value verifying the relation (6):
- the reduced value is thus obtained by translation and scaling to obtain the value Cb (t) linked to the bandwidth and whose value is between 0 and 1.
- the process of calculating the value linked to the bandwidth can also comprise, in a second embodiment, an additional step making it possible to s '' ensure that detected break corresponds to a break in spectral energy.
- This additional step consists of a second condition introduced in step 226, inserted between steps 225 and 228 previously cited.
- the calculation method and process represented in FIG. 3a include, on positive response to the first comparison of step 225, a second step of comparing the ratio Ei / Ei + i from the energy of the subband of rank i to the energy of the subband of next rank i + 1 to a second threshold value, designated by Threshold2.
- step 225 and 226 memorizing the frequency sub-band for which the cut-off frequency is detected.
- step 225 and 226 memorizing the frequency sub-band for which the cut-off frequency is detected.
- Threshold 100 ([10; 1000])
- Threshold2 17 ([5; r 50])
- Threshold3 0.7 ([0.51; 1])
- Threshold4 0.4 ([0; 0.49]).
- the process for calculating the aforementioned value Cs (t) is based on the principle according to which the left and right channels carrying the sound signals are coded independently. This implies that the coding errors are uncorrelated between the two channels, while the sound content of the two channels remains, with some exceptions, relatively similar.
- the calculation process implemented is therefore based on the fact that the residual signal difference of the energies of the left and right channels is proportional to the coding error if there has been coding.
- the calculation process represented in FIG. 3b relating to the calculation of the value Cs (t) linked to the stereophonic properties of the digital time signal is based on the energy spectrum of the digital signal obtained after frequency decomposition by a Fourier transform on N points of the time signal, weighted by a Hamming window for example.
- the frequency spectrum thus obtained comprises - N +1 lines.
- time signal as shown in FIG. 3b, is subjected to the Fourier transform on N points in step 220 as described previously in connection with FIG. 3a.
- step 220 is then followed by a step
- the factor Q k in fact constitutes a normalized difference of the energies of the right and left channels verifying the relation (7):
- the process for calculating the value Cs (t) linked to the stereophonic properties of the digital signal then consists in determining the percentage R (t) of the lines belonging to a given frequency band ⁇ f whose factor Q k exceeds a determined threshold value, denoted Si, the percentage R (t) verifying the relation:
- R (t) n / K where n denotes the number of times the factor Q k representative of the stereophonic quality of the signal is greater than a threshold value S x for any value of K belonging to ⁇ f, the aforementioned frequency band .
- this process can consist in initializing, at a step 236, following the aforementioned step 235, the value of k index of frequency lines at the value 0 and the value of n at the value 0.
- Step 236 is followed by a step 237 consisting in comparing the value of the current line index k with the value K number of lines coming from of spectral decomposition.
- a step 241 consisting in assigning to the value of the percentage R (t) the value n / K for the value of n.
- test 237 On the contrary, on a positive response to test 237, this test is followed by a test 238 consisting in comparing the value of the factor Q k representative of the stereophonic quality of the signal with the threshold value Si previously cited in the description. The comparison is written Q k > If? . On a negative response to the aforementioned comparison test 238, the value of k designating the rank of the spectral line is incremented by one at step 240 and the calculation process is brought back to step 237 for verifying comparison of inferiority of rank k to value K.
- this test is followed by a step 239 of incrementing the value n of a unit, this step of incrementing 239 being itself followed by the step of incrementing 240 the index k of the spectral line considered.
- Step 241 is then followed by a step 242 consisting in correcting the value of the percentage R (t) by a specific function A such that the value of this function of the percentage R (t) is between 0 and 1.
- the function A of the form A (R (t)) is an increasing monotonic function of the value of the percentage R (t).
- the function A (R (t)) can verify the relation:
- Step 242 makes it possible to generate a percentage value M (t), mean of a determined number P of corrected percentage values verifying the relation (8):
- the process of calculating the value Cs (t) linked to the stereophonic properties of the digital time signal also includes a step of determining, in a time window of determined duration, time window of s seconds, the number of times F where an alarm threshold value S 2 has been crossed by the corrected percentage value A (R ( t)).
- the step may consist of a step 245 of defining the window and of initializing the number of times F to the value 0, followed by a step 246 of comparing the superiority of the value of the function A (R (t) ) at the value S 2 constituting an alarm threshold.
- the comparison relation is written:
- Step 246 is followed by a step 247 consisting, on a positive response to test 246, of incrementing the value of the number of times F by one unit in step 247, the negative response to test 246 returning to step 245 for passage to the next instant belonging to the window of duration s seconds.
- Steps 243 and 247 are then followed by step 244 consisting in calculating the value Cs (t) linked to the stereophonic properties of the digital time signal from a function of the mean value M (t) given to the relation (8 ), this function verifying the relation (9):
- the introduction of digital signal whitening allows a comparison of the digital signal before and after bleaching.
- the bleaching process is carried out by means of a bleaching filter.
- the properties of such a filter are as follows: For a vector X consisting of the Ne time samples of the signal input and for the vector Y constituted by the Ne time samples of the output of the bleaching filter, the matrix containing is designated the coefficients of the aforementioned whitening filter.
- the digital signal subjected to bleaching obtained after passage through the bleaching filter corresponds substantially to white noise whose Ryy covariance matrix verifies the relationship:
- ⁇ 2 denotes the power of this white noise and I the identity matrix.
- Rx denotes the covariance matrix of the input time signal. This matrix checks the relation (11):
- the filtering process thus implemented corresponds to an empirical filtering for which no theoretical justification can yet be established. This process is validly implemented only for the digital signal received zones containing information, that is to say outside the zones of silence.
- the calculation process proper is implemented on a negative response to the aforementioned step 221.
- the process is implemented for the left lane, respectively the right lane.
- the process then consists in calculating the covariance matrix Rg, Rd of the input signal and of a random signal comprised between the values -1 and +1 in steps 250g, 250d.
- This operation can be carried out, as shown in an illustration in FIG. 3c, by adding to the digital input signal of the left channel, respectively of the right channel, a random signal generated in a step 248, this random signal being a signal with a value between -1 and +1.
- This operating mode makes it possible to obtain an invertible covariance matrix.
- the actual calculation of the covariance matrix Rg and Rd in steps 250g and 250d can be obtained from the signal X, sequence of samples obtained by the implementation of steps 249g and 249d respectively.
- the matrix X comprises 2xN 2 samples and the calculation of the covariance matrix Rg, Rd designated in the form Rxx is given by the relation (13):
- the elements of the covariance matrices Rg and Rd are real.
- the steps 250g and 250d are then followed by steps for calculating the inverse covariance matrices 251g and 251d respectively.
- the aforementioned steps can then be followed by anti-aliasing low-pass filtering steps 252g, 252d applied to the digital input signal on the left and right channels respectively.
- Steps 252g and 252d are then followed by a decimation step 253g, 253d, by a factor of 2 to generate a left and right input matrix Eg, Ed respectively.
- These operations are referenced in steps 254g and 254d respectively.
- the matrices Eg and Ed, input matrices are obtained by placing in the corresponding matrices the coefficients obtained following the abovementioned decimation operation 253g, 253d.
- the calculation process then consists, following steps 255g and 255d, of calculating in step 256, from the aforementioned left and right input and output matrices, a ratio between the energy of the output signal and the energy of the input signal.
- This report designated by r, checks the relation (15):
- Operation 256 is then followed by operation 257 consisting, from the last L ratio values, of an average ratio ⁇ r> between the energy of the output signal and the energy of the input signal, this average ratio checking the relation (16):
- Step 257 is then followed by a step consisting in subjecting the value of this average ratio ⁇ r> to a comparison of superiority to a first threshold value S'i and of inferiority to a second threshold value S ' 2 .
- a step of calculating the value Cw (t) linked to the bleaching of the digital input signal is carried out, this value being defined as the ratio increased by one unit by the difference in the average ratio ⁇ r > and the second threshold value S ' 2 to the difference between the second S' 2 and the first threshold value S' ⁇ .
- the value Cw (t) linked to the whitening of the digital input signal then checks the relation (17):
- step 31 of detecting a micro-cut also known as a short cut
- this can advantageously consist of
- the abscissa axis is graduated in milliseconds and the ordinate axis in amplitude, the short cut, also known as mute, being represented as the rapid decrease in the energy level of the signal digital audio to zero energy.
- the step of detecting a spurious signal such as a short cut can include a step 401 consisting in determining separately on each stereophonic channel, for a plurality of sequences from M
- Step 401 is followed by a step consisting in comparing the evolution of the average energy for the sequences of M successive samples.
- the aforementioned step can be carried out by comparing the average energy E n of the signal transported to the value 0 at step 402, then by a comparison 403 of one or more of the aforementioned average energies to a threshold value ⁇ dB .
- step 30 of whistling or saturation detection it is indicated that this step will be described in the case of the detection of a whistling, saturation being most often accompanied by a whistling.
- the detection of a spurious signal such as a whistling sound in the digital audio signal ADS can advantageously consist in detecting in this signal a sudden and transient increase in the spectral energy of the latter in a frequency band whose low frequency is between 4.5 kHz and 6.5 kHz and whose high frequency can reach up to 20 kHz.
- the abscissa axis is graduated in frequencies and the corresponding ordinate axis in energies for the frequency bands considered.
- the process of detecting a spurious signal such as a whistling sound can comprise a step 501.502 consisting in calculate on a series of samples of the digital audio signal ADS the spectral composition of this signal defined as the value S n (i) of frequency components in sub-bands of central frequency fi and of bandwidth ⁇ f, n denoting the rank of the suite of samples.
- the steps 501 and 502 are then followed by a step 503.504 consisting in calculating the average value of the energy E n (sb) of a range of the aforementioned sub-bands for the series of samples of rank n considered.
- a step 506 of calculating a hearing contrast value is then performed, C n , s from the value of the ratio:
- This ratio calculated in step 505 designates the ratio between the energy E n (sb) of this range for the current sequence and for a plurality of previous sequences E n -s (sb) of samples.
- the hearing contrast value checks the relation (18):
- step 506 a comparison of the auditory contrast value C n .
- step 506 is followed by a step 507 for calculating a proximity parameter, denoted P n , sb / verifying the relation (19):
- step 507 a comparison of the proximity parameter P n , sb with a second whistling value S s2 is carried out, the comparison being denoted Pn, sb> S s2 .
- Pn, sb> S s2 The presence of a hissing spurious signal is revealed if the comparisons of superiority of the hearing contrast value and the proximity parameter are both verified.
- this step can consist in detecting a parasitic signal constituted by a pink noise in a frequency band between 0 and 1100 Hz and of substantially constant level in the aforementioned frequency band.
- the abscissa axis is graduated in frequencies and the ordinate axis in energy level of the signal expressed in decibels. It can be seen that in the aforementioned frequency band, a substantially constant level, close to 40 dB, can be demonstrated in the presence of a hum.
- the process of highlighting a parasitic hum signal can comprise, on at least one left or right channel of this signal, a step 701 consisting in calculating, on the series of samples of the signal digital ADS, the spectral composition of this signal defined as the value S n (i) of frequency components in sub-band, central frequencies fi where n denotes the rank of the series of samples considered.
- the step 701 is followed by a step 702 for a determined number k of central frequencies fi of the low frequency domain, the step 702 consisting in calculating a first and a second ratio of the values of frequency components in sub-band for the current sample suite and the previous sample suite, this first report being
- Step 702 also consists in comparing the value of the aforementioned first and second ratios with a first buzzing threshold value, denoted S b i. On a negative response to the aforementioned comparison, step 702 is looped back, 703, by an incrementation of the index i into i ⁇ i + 1. On a positive response in step 702, the latter is followed by a step 704 consisting in subjecting the comparison of the first and second reports to a criterion of proportion of the number p of comparisons verified by compared to the totality of the k comparisons made for the k center frequencies fi. Step 704 consists in carrying out a verification test that P% of the frequency lines meet the previous condition on the current sequence S n . On a negative response to test 704, a loop 708 makes it possible to move on to the next series of samples of rank n + 1.
- a step 705 is carried out, consisting in discriminating among the values S n (i) of frequency components in sub-bands, the maximum value S n (i max ) of the values of frequency components relating to the sequence of current samples.
- Step 705 is itself followed by a step 706 consisting in calculating the ratio of the maximum value with the value corresponding to the index i max of the spectrum of the previous sequence S n - ⁇ (i ma ⁇ ) • Ce report is noted
- the detection of a parasitic buzzing signal consists in detecting the existence of a comparison of superiority of the first and second ratios ⁇ i, n and ⁇ i, n at the first humming threshold value Sbi and the existence of an inferiority comparison of the ratio of the maximum values M n , i to the second humming threshold value S b2 -
- a statistical analysis is carried out by repeating the preceding operations and periodically storing over a period s ′ of a binary variable for predetection of the existence of a parasitic hum signal.
- the binary predetection variable is assigned the value 1 when the criteria of comparison of superiority and inferiority are satisfied and the value 0 otherwise.
- the statistical analysis consists in counting, in step 707, in the duration s' determined, the number of occurrences of the value 1 of the binary predetection variable and in comparing this number with a third humming threshold value, noted Sb 3 .
- Sb 3 a third humming threshold value
- step 33 for calculating the phase shift d it is indicated, with reference to FIG. 7, that this step can consist in calculating in step A the value of the phase shift between channels of the digital audio signal ADS from the function d 1 intercorrelation of the digital audio signal present on each of the channels, then compare in step B the phase shift value d with a threshold value.
- the phase shift and threshold values are denoted by d ma respectivement respectively.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Stereophonic System (AREA)
- Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
- Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9912296A FR2799321B1 (fr) | 1999-10-01 | 1999-10-01 | Procede de controle en continu de la qualite des sons numeriques en distribution |
| FR9912296 | 1999-10-01 | ||
| PCT/FR2000/002681 WO2001026423A1 (fr) | 1999-10-01 | 2000-09-28 | Procede de controle en continu de la qualite des sons numeriques en distribution |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1216604A1 true EP1216604A1 (fr) | 2002-06-26 |
| EP1216604B1 EP1216604B1 (fr) | 2004-03-10 |
Family
ID=9550499
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00966214A Expired - Lifetime EP1216604B1 (fr) | 1999-10-01 | 2000-09-28 | Procede de controle en continu de la qualite des sons numeriques en distribution |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6804566B1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1216604B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE261648T1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2393721C (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60008897T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2799321B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2001026423A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9711153B2 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2017-07-18 | The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc | Activating functions in processing devices using encoded audio and detecting audio signatures |
| US8959016B2 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2015-02-17 | The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc | Activating functions in processing devices using start codes embedded in audio |
| US8121830B2 (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2012-02-21 | The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc | Methods and apparatus to extract data encoded in media content |
| US8359205B2 (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2013-01-22 | The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc | Methods and apparatus to perform audio watermarking and watermark detection and extraction |
| US9667365B2 (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2017-05-30 | The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc | Methods and apparatus to perform audio watermarking and watermark detection and extraction |
| US8508357B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2013-08-13 | The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc | Methods and apparatus to encode and decode audio for shopper location and advertisement presentation tracking |
| KR101600082B1 (ko) * | 2009-01-29 | 2016-03-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 오디오 신호의 음질 평가 방법 및 장치 |
| CA3008502C (fr) | 2009-05-01 | 2020-11-10 | The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc | Procedes, appareil et articles de fabrication destines a fournir un contenu secondaire en association avec un contenu multimedia de diffusion primaire |
| CN102263556A (zh) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-11-30 | 凌阳科技股份有限公司 | 判断采样率的方法及其装置 |
| CN117061039B (zh) * | 2023-10-09 | 2024-01-19 | 成都思为交互科技有限公司 | 一种广播信号监测装置、方法、系统、设备及介质 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR9007062A (pt) * | 1989-01-27 | 1991-10-08 | Dolby Lab Licensing Corp | Codificador,descodificador e codificador/descodificador de transformada de retardo de tempo baixo para audio de alta qualidade |
| DE4123983C2 (de) * | 1990-09-11 | 1997-09-18 | Head Acoustics Gmbh | Iteratives Verfahren zur hochauflösenden Spektralanalyse und Extrapolation von Signalen |
| WO1999010719A1 (fr) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Procede et appareil de codage hybride de la parole a 4kbps |
| FR2769777B1 (fr) * | 1997-10-13 | 1999-12-24 | Telediffusion Fse | Procede et systeme d'evaluation, a la reception, de la qualite d'un signal numerique, tel qu'un signal audio/video numerique |
-
1999
- 1999-10-01 FR FR9912296A patent/FR2799321B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-09-28 EP EP00966214A patent/EP1216604B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-28 AT AT00966214T patent/ATE261648T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-28 US US10/089,699 patent/US6804566B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-28 DE DE60008897T patent/DE60008897T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-28 WO PCT/FR2000/002681 patent/WO2001026423A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2000-09-28 CA CA002393721A patent/CA2393721C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0126423A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60008897D1 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
| WO2001026423A1 (fr) | 2001-04-12 |
| DE60008897T2 (de) | 2005-03-03 |
| FR2799321B1 (fr) | 2002-01-04 |
| US6804566B1 (en) | 2004-10-12 |
| FR2799321A1 (fr) | 2001-04-06 |
| CA2393721A1 (fr) | 2001-04-12 |
| EP1216604B1 (fr) | 2004-03-10 |
| ATE261648T1 (de) | 2004-03-15 |
| CA2393721C (fr) | 2009-08-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1468416B1 (fr) | Procede d'evaluation qualitative d'un signal audio numerique. | |
| EP2419900B1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif d'evaluation objective de la qualite vocale d'un signal de parole prenant en compte la classification du bruit de fond contenu dans le signal | |
| EP2002428B1 (fr) | Procede de discrimination et d'attenuation fiabilisees des echos d'un signal numerique dans un decodeur et dispositif correspondant | |
| EP2415047B1 (fr) | Classification du bruit de fond contenu dans un signal sonore | |
| US6271771B1 (en) | Hearing-adapted quality assessment of audio signals | |
| US6421802B1 (en) | Method for masking defects in a stream of audio data | |
| EP1216604A1 (fr) | Procede de controle en continu de la qualite des sons numeriques en distribution | |
| US20110191102A1 (en) | Systems and methods for speech extraction | |
| FR2762464A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de codage d'un signal audiofrequence par analyse lpc "avant" et "arriere" | |
| CA2377808C (fr) | Procede d'evaluation de la qualite de sequences audiovisuelles | |
| WO2002043051A1 (fr) | Detection non intrusive des defauts d'un signal de parole transmis par paquets | |
| FR2894707A1 (fr) | Procede de mesure de la qualite percue d'un signal audio degrade par la presence de bruit | |
| EP1159795B1 (fr) | Procede de controle de la qualite d'un signal audionumerique diffuse avec un programme audiovisuel | |
| FR2790845A1 (fr) | Procede de controle de la qualite d'un signal audionumerique distribue | |
| EP0337868B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif de discrimination de signal | |
| Egi et al. | Objective quality evaluation method for noise-reduced speech | |
| Paping et al. | Automatic Detection of Disturbing Robot Voice {and Ping Pong {E ects in GSM Transmitted Speech | |
| Zaunschirm et al. | Audio quality: comparison of peaq and formal listening test results | |
| FR2944909A1 (fr) | Dispositif de detection d'evenements dans un flux audio | |
| Javed et al. | An extended reverberation decay tail metric as a measure of perceived late reverberation | |
| Quinlan et al. | Detection of overlapping speech in meeting recordings using the modified exponential fitting test | |
| EP2777292A1 (fr) | Procede d'evaluation d'au moins un defaut de qualite dans un signal de donnees, dispositif et programme d' ordinateurs associes | |
| PV et al. | Characterization of Noise Associated with Forensic Speech Samples | |
| Reimes et al. | Analytical Analysis of Disturbed Radio Broadcast | |
| FR2885462A1 (fr) | Procede d'attenuation des pre-et post-echos d'un signal numerique audio et dispositif correspondant |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20020408 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040310 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040310 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040310 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040310 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040310 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20040310 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: FRENCH |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 60008897 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20040415 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040610 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040610 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040610 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040621 |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20040621 |
|
| NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040928 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040930 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040930 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040930 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040930 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20041213 |
|
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *TELEDIFFUSION DE FRANCE Effective date: 20040930 Owner name: FRANCE *TELECOM Effective date: 20040930 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *TELEDIFFUSION DE FRANCE Effective date: 20040930 Owner name: FRANCE *TELECOM Effective date: 20040930 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040810 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: TP Owner name: TDF, FR Effective date: 20170503 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20170821 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20170822 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20170821 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 60008897 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: BEETZ & PARTNER MBB PATENT- UND RECHTSANWAELTE, DE |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 60008897 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20180928 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190402 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180930 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180928 |