EP1213484B1 - Compressor stator stage - Google Patents

Compressor stator stage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1213484B1
EP1213484B1 EP00870292A EP00870292A EP1213484B1 EP 1213484 B1 EP1213484 B1 EP 1213484B1 EP 00870292 A EP00870292 A EP 00870292A EP 00870292 A EP00870292 A EP 00870292A EP 1213484 B1 EP1213484 B1 EP 1213484B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vanes
blades
ferrule
ferrules
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00870292A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1213484A1 (en
Inventor
Mathieu Bos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aero Boosters SA
Original Assignee
Techspace Aero SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Techspace Aero SA filed Critical Techspace Aero SA
Priority to DE60026687T priority Critical patent/DE60026687T2/en
Priority to EP00870292A priority patent/EP1213484B1/en
Priority to US10/000,830 priority patent/US6595747B2/en
Publication of EP1213484A1 publication Critical patent/EP1213484A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1213484B1 publication Critical patent/EP1213484B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00Stators
    • F01D9/02Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/042Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector fixing blades to stators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542Bladed diffusers

Description

Objet de l'inventionObject of the invention

La présente invention se rapporte à un étage redresseur d'un compresseur comprenant une succession d'étages redresseurs ou statoriques séparés par des étages rotoriques d'aubes tournantes, chaque étage redresseur étant constitué d'aubes fixes reliant une virole intérieure à une virole extérieure.The present invention relates to a rectifier stage of a compressor comprising a succession of rectifier or stator stages separated by rotor blade stages of rotor blades, each rectifier stage consisting of fixed vanes connecting an inner ferrule to an outer ferrule.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Les compresseurs coaxiaux sont bien connus en soi, et sont utilisés dans plusieurs types d'application. En particulier, ils sont utilisés dans les moteurs double corps, turbofans ou turboréacteurs. On note aussi leur présence dans les centrales électriques. Ces compresseurs basse ou haute pression sont essentiellement constitués de plusieurs étages d'aubes tournantes ou étages rotoriques séparés par des étages statoriques ou redresseurs qui ont pour but de repositionner (redresser) le vecteur vitesse du fluide sortant de l'étage précédent avant de l'envoyer vers le compartiment suivant.Coaxial compressors are well known per se, and are used in several types of applications. In particular, they are used in dual-body engines, turbofans or turbojet engines. We also note their presence in power plants. These low or high pressure compressors consist essentially of several stages of rotating vanes or rotor stages separated by stator stages or rectifiers which are intended to reposition (straighten) the velocity vector of the fluid leaving the preceding stage before the send to the next compartment.

Chacun de ces étages redresseurs est constitué essentiellement d'aubes fixes reliant une virole extérieure à une virole intérieure, toutes deux concentriques.Each of these rectifier stages consists essentially of fixed vanes connecting an outer ferrule to an inner ferrule, both concentric.

Un problème important dans le cas des étages redresseurs d'un compresseur est qu'il convient de solidariser de manière particulièrement efficace lesdites aubes aux viroles. En effet, cette solidarisation des aubes aux viroles doit être optimale de manière à pouvoir faire face à des accidents tels que le bris d'une aube ou l'ingestion d'un corps étranger tel qu'un oiseau dans ledit turboréacteur.A major problem in the case of the rectifier stages of a compressor is that it is necessary to particularly effectively bond said blades to ferrules. Indeed, this bonding of the blades to the ferrules must be optimal so as to be able to cope with accidents such as breaking a blade or ingestion of a foreign body such as a bird in said turbojet engine.

Habituellement, on solidarise les aubes aux viroles, tant intérieure qu'extérieure, par des rivets, des boulons ou des soudures. Néanmoins, le recours à ces moyens de solidarisation présente l'inconvénient majeur de perturber le flux et de générer une perte de charge dans la veine aérodynamique.Usually, the blades are joined to the ferrules, both inside and out, by rivets, bolts or welds. Nevertheless, the use of these fastening means has the major disadvantage of disturbing the flow and generating a pressure drop in the aerodynamic vein.

[0001] Le document US-A-2 812 159 propose un dispositif d'assemblage des aubes comprenant une série de pièces en forme de U, chaque aube étant pourvue d'une perforation dans le fond du U dans laquelle est emboîtée l'extrémité libre des aubes, cet assemblage étant sécurisé par des moyens de fixation comprenant entre autre des vis et qui sont adaptés pour éviter les déplacements latéraux et axiaux des aubes. Pour autant, ce dispositif d'assemblage ne permet pas de résoudre le problème de la perturbation du flux dans le turboréacteur associé à l'utilisation de vis et autres moyens de fixation similaires. [0001] US-A-2 812 159 features a blade assembly device comprising a series of U-shaped pieces, each blade being provided with a perforation in the bottom of the U in which the end is fitted free blades, this assembly being secured by fastening means comprising among others screws and which are adapted to prevent lateral and axial movements of the blades. However, this assembly device does not solve the problem of the flow disturbance in the turbojet associated with the use of screws and other similar fastening means.

[0002] Il a également été proposé dans le document GB-A-732 919, d'utiliser un dispositif d'assemblage des aubes dans lequel les aubes sont assemblées les unes aux autres par l'intermédiaire d'une feuille de métal traversant les aubes et servant de structure de support, et par l'intermédiaire d'un bandeau. En outre, les parties terminales des aubes sont perforées pour fournir des trous dans lesquels passe un câble de serrage le long de la circonférence de l'assemblage, de manière à maintenir en position les aubes. Une soudure à l'aide d'un clou peut être prévue entre le bandeau et les aubes de façon à assurer une rétention supplémentaire des aubes. Le problème de la perturbation du flux dans les veines aérodynamique existe donc toujours.It has also been proposed in GB-A-732 919, to use a blade assembly device in which the vanes are assembled to each other via a sheet of metal through the blades. blades and serving as a support structure, and through a band. In addition, the end portions of the vanes are perforated to provide holes in which a clamping cable runs along the circumference of the assembly, so as to maintain the blades in position. A nail weld may be provided between the strip and the blades to provide additional retention of the blades. The problem of aerodynamic stream flow disturbance therefore still exists.

[0003] Le document FR-A-1 252 179 se rapporte à un assemblage d'aubes fixes à des viroles, dans lequel les aubes fixes sont transitoirement attachées les unes aux autres par leur pied en forme de T au moyen d'une bande qui s'adapte au dessus desdits pieds. Cependant, même s'il n'est pas nécessaire d'enlever ensuite ladite bande, ledit assemblage utilise toujours des vis pour fixer les aubes aux viroles, avec donc le même inconvénient que celui mentionné ci-dessus. [0003] Document FR-A-1252179 relates to an assembly of fixed blades to the ferrules, wherein the vanes are temporarily attached to each other by their root T-shaped by means of a band which fits above said feet. However, even if it is not necessary to subsequently remove said strip, said assembly always uses screws to attach the blades to the ferrules, with the same disadvantage as mentioned above.

[0004] Le document US-A-5 569 019 décrit un assemblage d'un stator de turbine comprenant une virole intérieure et une virole extérieure munies d'ouvertures à travers lesquelles passent des aubes, lesdites aubes étant radialement retenues aux viroles intérieure et extérieure au moyen de joints. Chaque aube consiste essentiellement en deux parties, une partie exposée au flux d'air et un pied. Les aubes comprennent de préférence un matériau composite non métallique consistant en une série de fibres incluant des fibres para-aramides, qui sont continues de la partie exposée au flux d'air jusqu'au pied des aubes, mais sont discontinues à la jonction entre ladite partie exposée au flux et le pied.US-A-5 569 019 discloses an assembly of a turbine stator comprising an inner shell and an outer shell provided with openings through which blades pass, said blades being radially retained to the inner and outer ferrules by means of seals. Each dawn consists essentially of two parts, a part exposed to the flow of air and a foot. The vanes preferably comprise a non-metallic composite material consisting of a series of fibers including para-aramid fibers, which are continuous from the portion exposed to the airflow to the root of the vanes, but are discontinuous at the junction between said part exposed to the flow and the foot.

[0005] Le document US-A-2 812 158 décrit un assemblage aubes/viroles pour un turbocompresseur, comprenant une virole extérieure, une virole intérieure et des séries d'aubes fixes, dans lequel l'extrémité extérieure de chaque aube fixe pénètre dans une ouverture au niveau de la virole extérieure et fait saillie hors de ladite virole extérieure. Dans cet assemblage, deux séries d'aubes sont maintenues en position au moyen d'une bande soumise à des efforts de tension, qui entoure la virole extérieure tout en s'en différenciant et qui entre en contact avec les surfaces des extrémités extérieures des aubes.US-A-2,812,158 discloses a vane / ferrule assembly for a turbocharger, comprising an outer ferrule, an inner ferrule and sets of vanes, wherein the outer end of each fixed blade enters an opening at the outer shell and protrudes out of said outer shell. In this assembly, two sets of vanes are held in position by means of a band subjected to tensile stresses, which surrounds the outer shell while being differentiated and which comes into contact with the surfaces of the outer ends of the vanes. .

Buts de l'inventionGoals of the invention

La présente invention vise à proposer une solution qui permette de simplifier l'assemblage des aubes fixes tant à la virole intérieure qu'à la virole extérieure.The present invention aims to propose a solution that makes it possible to simplify the assembly of the blades to both the inner ferrule and the outer ferrule.

En particulier, la présente invention vise à permettre une solution qui offre une grande simplicité de montage et qui ne nécessite pas d'opérations d'assemblage supplémentaires.In particular, the present invention aims to provide a solution that offers great simplicity of assembly and does not require additional assembly operations.

La présente invention vise également à proposer une solution qui permette que la veine aérodynamique du flux ne soit pas altérée par la présence de soudures ou des rivets au niveau de la virole.The present invention also aims at providing a solution that allows the aerodynamic stream of the flow is not impaired by the presence of welds or rivets at the ferrule.

La présente invention vise également à permettre une solution d'un coût peu élevé.The present invention also aims to allow a low cost solution.

Principaux éléments caractéristiques de l'inventionMain characteristic elements of the invention

La présente invention se rapporte à un étage redresseur d'un compresseur comprenant deux viroles, une virole intérieure et une virole extérieure, toutes deux concentriques et de préférence circulaires et reliées l'une à l'autre par une série d'aubes fixes. Au moins une.des viroles, et de préférence les deux viroles intérieure et extérieure, sont munies de lumières qui permettent le passage desdites aubes dans ces lumières en vue de permettre leur solidarisation aux viroles. Dans ce but, les aubes présentent également à au moins une et de préférence à leurs deux extrémités, un ajour destiné à permettre le passage d'un élément de verrouillage. Cet élément de verrouillage permettra de manière avantageuse la solidarisation des aubes à au moins une et de préférence aux deux viroles du côté non fonctionnel, c'est-à-dire du côté de la face interne pour la virole intérieure et du côté de la face externe pour la virole extérieure.The present invention relates to a rectifier stage of a compressor comprising two ferrules, an inner ferrule and an outer ferrule, both concentric and preferably circular and connected one to the other. to the other by a series of blades. At least one of the ferrules, and preferably the two inner and outer ferrules, are provided with lights which allow the passage of said blades in these lumens to allow their attachment to the ferrules. For this purpose, the blades also have at least one and preferably at both ends, an opening for allowing the passage of a locking element. This locking element advantageously allows the joining of the blades to at least one and preferably to the two ferrules on the non-functional side, that is to say on the side of the inner face for the inner ferrule and the side of the face. external for the outer shell.

Selon la présente invention, la solidarisation des aubes à la virole ou aux viroles s'effectue par le passage d'un bandeau en un seul ou plusieurs morceaux, qui traverse successivement tous les ajours des aubes d'un même étage redresseur, et ceci du côté non fonctionnel des viroles.According to the present invention, the joining of the blades to the ferrule or to the ferrules is effected by the passage of a strip in one or more pieces, which passes successively through all the openings of the blades of the same rectifier stage, and this non-functional side of the ferrules.

Ce bandeau présente une fonction élastique et sera noyé dans un élément élastomère qui permet de protéger les différentes pièces, et en particulier les éléments de verrouillage.This strip has an elastic function and will be embedded in an elastomeric element that protects the various parts, and in particular the locking elements.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

La figure 1 représente une vue générale de l'étage de compression d'un turbofan.Figure 1 shows a general view of the compression stage of a turbofan.

La figure 2 représente la solution mise en oeuvre par la présente invention pour solidariser des aubes fixes aux viroles tant extérieure qu'intérieure.FIG. 2 represents the solution implemented by the present invention for securing fixed blades to both outer and inner rings.

Description d'une forme d'exécution préférée de l'inventionDescription of a preferred embodiment of the invention

La solution proposée par la présente invention en vue de solidariser les aubes fixes 6 aux viroles 4 et 5 pour un étage redresseur 2 est décrite à la figure 2. Bien entendu, la même solution pourrait être adaptée à chaque étage redresseur 2', 2",... Chaque virole, tant la virole intérieure 4 que la virole extérieure 5, est pourvue d'une série de lumières ou ajours (respectivement les séries 14 et 15) qui permettent le passage des aubes fixes 60,61,62,63,... par une de leurs extrémités à la virole correspondante.The solution proposed by the present invention for securing the vanes 6 to the ferrules 4 and 5 for a rectifier stage 2 is described in FIG. 2. Of course, the same solution could be adapted to each rectifier stage 2 ', 2 " Each ferrule, both the inner ferrule 4 and the outer ferrule 5, is provided with a series of lumens or openings (respectively the series 14 and 15) which allow the passage of the blades 60,61,62,63 , ... by one of their ends to the corresponding ferrule.

Il en résulte qu'une fois que les aubes fixes 60,61,62,63,... seront fixées sur lesdites viroles, une portion 16 et 17 desdites aubes fixes 60,61,62,63,... dépasse des viroles 4 et 5. Les différentes portions 16 ou 17 présentent chacune elles aussi un ajour 20,21,22,23,... et 30,31,32,... qui permet l'introduction d'un élément de verrouillage (respectivement 40 et 50). Ledit élément de verrouillage prend ici la forme d'un bandeau qui, en traversant simultanément soit tous les ajours 20,21,22,..., soit tous les ajours 30,31,32,... des aubes fixes 60,61,62,63,..., solidarise lesdites aubes fixes aux viroles intérieure 4 et extérieure 5. Ceci se produit sur la face non fonctionnelle de ladite virole, c'est-à-dire sur la face interne de la virole intérieure 4 et sur la face externe de la virole extérieure 5.It follows that once the blades 60,61,62,63, ... will be fixed on said rings, a portion 16 and 17 of said vanes 60,61,62,63, ... exceeds ferrules 4 and 5. The different portions 16 or 17 each also have an opening 20,21,22,23, ... and 30,31,32, ... which allows the introduction of a locking element (respectively 40 and 50). Said locking element here takes the form of a strip which, crossing simultaneously all openings 20,21,22, ..., or all openings 30,31,32, ... vanes fixed 60,61 , 62,63, ..., secures said vanes to the inner and outer ferrules 4 and 5. This occurs on the non-functional face of said ferrule, that is to say on the inner face of the inner ferrule 4 and on the outer face of the outer shell 5.

De préférence, ce bandeau présente une fonction élastique et est constitué d'un seul morceau. Selon une autre forme d'exécution, le bandeau peut comprendre plusieurs morceaux.Preferably, this strip has an elastic function and consists of a single piece. According to another embodiment, the banner may comprise several pieces.

Il est à noter que dans le cas représenté à la figure 2, les aubes fixes sont solidarisées aux deux viroles de cette manière, d'une part à la virole intérieure 4 et d'autre part à la virole extérieure 5, par l'intermédiaire de deux éléments de verrouillage 40 et 50. Une autre possibilité est que les aubes fixes ne soient solidarisées ainsi qu'à une seule des deux viroles.It should be noted that in the case shown in FIG. 2, the blades are secured to the two ferrules in this way, on the one hand to the inner ferrule 4 and on the other hand to the outer ferrule 5, by through two locking elements 40 and 50. Another possibility is that the vanes are fixed and only one of the two rings.

Les extrémités 16 ou 17 des aubes fixes 60,61,62,63,... au niveau desquelles passe le l'élément de verrouillage 40 ou 50 sont noyées dans un élément élastomère 18 ou 19.The ends 16 or 17 of the blades 60,61,62,63, ... at which passes the locking element 40 or 50 are embedded in an elastomeric element 18 or 19.

Un tel dispositif de solidarisation présente plusieurs avantages. Tout d'abord, il n'entraîne aucun défaut dans la veine aérodynamique du flux, ce qui réduit fortement les pertes de charge dans celui-ci.Such a securing device has several advantages. Firstly, it does not cause any defects in the aerodynamic flow stream, which greatly reduces the pressure drops in it.

Il est simple à réaliser et facile à monter et à démonter. En outre, il garantit une utilisation optimale de la matière. Un autre avantage est qu'il permet d'assembler et de solidariser deux types de pièces sans lien mécanique, les aubes fixes et la virole, sans modification de l'aspect fonctionnel de ces deux types de pièces.It is simple to make and easy to assemble and disassemble. In addition, it guarantees an optimal use of the material. Another advantage is that it allows to assemble and secure two types of parts without mechanical connection, the blades and the ferrule, without changing the functional aspect of these two types of parts.

Claims (3)

  1. Guide vane stage (2) of a compressor (1) comprising an outer ring (5) and an inner ring (4), both concentric and preferably circular and connected to each other by means of a series of fixed vanes (60, 61, 62, 63, etc.), characterized in that at least one of the rings is provided with a series of holes or apertures (series 14 or 15) that allow said vanes (60, 61, 62, 63, etc.) to pass through these holes or apertures, the fixed vanes (60, 61, 62, 63, etc.) having on at least one of their ends (16 or 17) an aperture (20, 21, 22, etc. or 30, 31, 32, etc.) intended to allow at least one locking element (40 or 50) to pass through, allowing to simultaneously securely fasten all the vanes (60, 61, 62, 63, etc.) present in the guide vane stage (2), on the non-functional side of the ring, and in that the end (16 or 17) of the fixed vanes (60, 61, 62, 63, etc.) through which the locking element (40 or 50) passes is buried in an elastomeric element (18 or 19).
  2. Guide vane stage according to Claim 1, characterized in that the locking element (40 or 50) is in the form of a flange that passes successively through all the apertures (20, 21, 22, etc. or 30, 31, 32, etc.) of the successive vanes (60, 61, 62, 63, etc.).
  3. Guide vane stage according to Claim 2, characterized in that the flange comes in one or more parts having an elastic function.
EP00870292A 2000-12-06 2000-12-06 Compressor stator stage Expired - Lifetime EP1213484B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE60026687T DE60026687T2 (en) 2000-12-06 2000-12-06 Stator stage of a compressor
EP00870292A EP1213484B1 (en) 2000-12-06 2000-12-06 Compressor stator stage
US10/000,830 US6595747B2 (en) 2000-12-06 2001-11-30 Guide vane stage of a compressor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00870292A EP1213484B1 (en) 2000-12-06 2000-12-06 Compressor stator stage

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EP1213484A1 EP1213484A1 (en) 2002-06-12
EP1213484B1 true EP1213484B1 (en) 2006-03-15

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EP1213484A1 (en) 2002-06-12
US20020085916A1 (en) 2002-07-04
US6595747B2 (en) 2003-07-22
DE60026687T2 (en) 2006-11-09
DE60026687D1 (en) 2006-05-11

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