EP1207012A1 - Method and apparatus for ultrasonic peening of the blade root slots on a rotor - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for ultrasonic peening of the blade root slots on a rotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1207012A1
EP1207012A1 EP01402915A EP01402915A EP1207012A1 EP 1207012 A1 EP1207012 A1 EP 1207012A1 EP 01402915 A EP01402915 A EP 01402915A EP 01402915 A EP01402915 A EP 01402915A EP 1207012 A1 EP1207012 A1 EP 1207012A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavity
sonotrode
sheath
treated
balls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01402915A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1207012B1 (en
Inventor
Benoit Jean Henri Berthelet
Stéphane Michel Kerneis
Marie-Christine Marcelle Ntsama-Etoundi
Francis Lucien Guy Chareyre
Willy Lionel Fradin
Guillaume Francois Roger Simon
Hakim Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA Services SA
SNECMA Moteurs SA
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA Services SA, SNECMA Moteurs SA, SNECMA SAS filed Critical SNECMA Services SA
Publication of EP1207012A1 publication Critical patent/EP1207012A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1207012B1 publication Critical patent/EP1207012B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
    • B24B39/02—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution
    • B24B39/026—Impact burnishing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/286—Particular treatment of blades, e.g. to increase durability or resistance against corrosion or erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/47—Burnishing
    • Y10T29/479—Burnishing by shot peening or blasting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of surface treatment and setting in compression preload by shot peening of the wall of at least one oblong cavity formed in a part, said cavity opening out the outside by a lateral mouth and having two ends likely to have front openings.
  • nozzles can only project microbeads whose diameter is less than 1mm, and typically between 0.3mm and 0.5mm.
  • the shot blasting carried out is low so as not to generate a too high roughness in the vicinity of the treated area, which results in limited surface hardening.
  • the diameter of the projected balls being small, the stronger the shot blasting, the more the degradation of the state of surface will be important.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a shot peening process for oblong cavities, in particular axial cells of the turbine rotor, which allows the creation of reproducible prestresses on all cavities, in a shorter time, while allowing a stronger shot blasting, that is to say greater compression thickness of the surface without, however, introducing injuries and limiting degradation or incrustations of the treated surface.
  • the process provides a homogeneous distribution of positions of the balls constituting a mist of balls.
  • the balls of fog of beads moving in random directions they strike the walls of the cavities from various angles, which improves the surface condition compared to the balls projected by a nozzle in a privileged direction.
  • the entire surface is subjected at the same time to ball impacts, which considerably reduces the risk of deformation of the cavity, in particular, of the socket containing the foot blade.
  • the sonotrode can be arranged obliquely to the vertical.
  • the sonotrode after having moved the sonotrode and the sheath, the sonotrode is moved substantially vertically relative to the sleeve, so that the vibrating surface closes the mouth.
  • the volume in which the fog of balls is distributed being less than the volume obtained when the vibrating surface remains outside the mouth, the process requires a shot blasting treatment time shorter.
  • the sonotrode after having peened the wall of a cavity, the sonotrode towards its intermediate position in the sheath, we replace the cavity treated by another cavity to be treated, the sonotrode is moved towards its shot peening position and ultrasonic peening of the wall is carried out from the other cavity to be treated.
  • the vibrating surface is not introduced into the mouthpiece, after having peened the wall of a cavity, we replace the treated cavity with a other cavity to be treated, and we proceed with the ultrasonic peening of the wall from the other cavity to be treated.
  • the geometry of the part is not always adapted to the device and it is necessary to move both the surface vibrating and the sealing means to clear the space available between the respective feeding steps for each part and / or cavity.
  • the sonotrode and the sheath are moved together towards a low position, we replace the treated cavity with another cavity to be treated, we moves the horn and sheath together to the high position of blasting, and we blast the wall of the other by ultrasound cavity to be treated.
  • the sonotrode after having peened the wall of a cavity, the sonotrode is moved to its intermediate position in the sheath, the sonotrode and the sheath are moved together to a position low, we replace the treated cavity with another cavity to be treated, we move together the horn and the sheath towards the high shot blasting position, the sonotrode is moved substantially vertically relative to the sheath so that the vibrating surface closes the mouth and we proceed to ultrasonic blasting of the wall of the other cavity to be treated.
  • a rotor rim for example comprising a plurality of axial cavities formed at the periphery of said rotor rim and having portions of walls which diverge from each mouth, we do not rotate at not the rotor rim around its axis of rotation arranged horizontally so as to bring each axial cavity successively opposite the sonotrode after the treatment of a cavity.
  • a deflector is placed in the cavity in order to promote the shot blasting of the internal sides of the lateral mouth.
  • the deflector can be of substantially triangular geometry with sides parallel to the portions of divergent walls so as to reduce the blasting effect of the area between said deflector and the bottom of the cavity.
  • the dose of beads is easily retrieved in order to be either reused for a subsequent treatment, or be replaced.
  • a dose of balls is used whose diameter is greater than 0.8mm.
  • the balls used in the process according to the invention have a diameter larger than the diameter of the balls likely to be projected by a nozzle, so the shot blasting can be stronger while having a less significant surface degradation.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for setting up process work.
  • a second clearance smaller than the diameter of the balls is formed between said vibrating surface disposed in the mouth of the cavity and said mouth.
  • the installation advantageously includes a third lower set the diameter of the balls formed between one end of the sheath and the mouthpiece, which when the vibrating surface does not block the mouthpiece ensures the tightness of the enclosure.
  • the installation may include a plurality of acoustic assemblies each comprising a sonotrode and a sheath, arranged around the rim rotor, said acoustic assemblies being able to move in a axial direction of the rotor rim.
  • the various elements of the installation are arranged so that no ball can block said elements likely to move.
  • the sonotrode and the sheath comprising the closure means have a geometry adapted to the shape of the cavity to be treated.
  • the vibrating surface is of complementary shape to the space left by the mouth and the sealing means are formed so as to properly close the openings of said cavity.
  • the second displacement means are likely to move the shutter means and the sonotrode together.
  • the first means of movement and the second means of displacement are advantageously able to be controlled simultaneously.
  • the sheath and the sonotrode are placed in an intermediate position in which the space generated by the means for closing said sheath and the vibrating surface of said sonotrode constitutes a reservoir for the dose of beads. Then said sheath and said sonotrode supporting the dose of beads are moved together using of the same displacement. Finally, the sonotrode and / or the sealing means can be moved individually, depending on the geometry of the cavity to be treated until the vibrating surface respectively closes the mouth of the cavity and that the sealing means close off the cavity openings.
  • the installation includes support means to support at least one part to be treated and drive means said support means for bringing step by step a cavity above the sonotrode.
  • the installation advantageously includes means for expelling the dose of balls from the vibrating surface to a reservoir.
  • Figure 1 shows a rotor rim 1 having a plurality of substantially axial cells 2 formed at the periphery of the rim of rotor 1 and regularly spaced around the axis of rotation 1A of the rim rotor. These cells 2 have a front opening 3 at each end. These cells 2 are dovetail-shaped and have a mouthpiece 2A open radially outward and shaped substantially straight to allow the mounting of the blade roots 4 substantially in the shape of a dovetail of the fan blades 6.
  • the alveoli 2 can be straight or curvilinear.
  • Each blade root 4 is mounted axially by sliding in a cell 2. Between the blade root 4 and the bottom of the cell 2 can be engaged a wedge (not shown) which keeps the blade root 4 in support against the walls of the corresponding cell 2.
  • Figure 2 shows that the support between the walls of the cell 2 and the blade root 4 results in two contact lines 2B.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method and an installation to put in compression preload the wall 2C of each cell 2 and in particular the areas of the two contact lines 2B, so as to increase the wear resistance of these 2B contact lines caused by the friction between the blade root 4 and the wall of the cell 2 and so increase the fatigue strength of the rotor rim 1.
  • FIGs 3 and 5 show an example of installation used for implementation of the method in which only one acoustic assembly is used, said acoustic assembly being capable of moving vertically.
  • the acoustic assembly essentially comprises a sonotrode 8 disposed in a sheath 16 equipped with shutter cheeks 14. The installation is positioned below the rotor rim 1.
  • the sonotrode 8, as well as the sheath 16 are placed in a high position of shot blasting, as shown in figure 3. In this high position of shot peening, the sonotrode 8 preferably blocks the mouth 2A and the obturation cheeks 14 formed on the sheath 16 obturate the two openings 3.
  • Balls 10 with a diameter between 0.8mm and 5mm, preferably equal to 1mm, are projected by the vibrating surface 8A towards the top of the sonotrode 8 in the enclosure 12 delimited by the wall 2C, the vibrating surface 8A and the sealing cheeks 14.
  • the surface vibrating 8A is excited by a vibration generator 18, for example at quartz, in order to create a mist of beads 10 in the enclosure 12.
  • the clearance e1 formed between the sonotrode 8 and the sheath 16 is less the diameter of the balls 10, so that no ball 10 can pass between the vibrating surface 8A and the sheath 16.
  • the vibrating surface 8A is substantially rectangular and has a length L1 substantially equal to the length L2 of cell 2 measured axially.
  • Sonotrode 8 is in high shot blasting position in the sheath 16 which borders the surface vibrating 8A.
  • the shutter cheeks 14 are simple in shape, for example rectangular, in order to completely hide the openings 3.
  • the width of the vibrating surface 8A is substantially equal to the width of the mouthpiece 2A.
  • Figure 5 shows that the cell 2 is of concave shape with 2'C wall portions which diverge from the mouth 2A.
  • a deflector 15 has been introduced carried by the shutter cheeks 14.
  • Said deflector 15 is triangular with substantially parallel sides to the 2'C wall portions and to the bottom of the cell. It allows in particular mitigate the blasting effect of the bottom of the cell and increase the shot blasting of the walls 2'C.
  • the clearance e2 formed between the vibrating surface 8A of the sonotrode 8 and the mouth 2A is less than the diameter of the balls 10 so that no ball 10 cannot come out of enclosure 12.
  • a third set e3 between an end 16A of the sheath 16 and the mouth 2A ensures the tightness of the enclosure 12.
  • a first slide 20 makes it possible to carry out the displacements sonotrode 8 vertical by sliding said sonotrode 8 in the sheath 16.
  • Control means (not shown) make it possible to controlling said first slide 20 and said second slide 22.
  • the first slide 20 can be carried either by the second slide 22, as shown in Figure 5, either by the frame 24, in which case the control of the two slides 20 and 22 must be synchronized to mount together the sonotrode 8 and the sheath 16 towards the high position of shot blasting.
  • the sonotrode 8 Before starting the treatment operation of an axial cell 2, the sonotrode 8 is placed in an intermediate position in the sheath 16, position in which the space delimited by the sheath 16 and the surface vibrating 8A, constitutes a container 26 which makes it possible to contain the dose of balls 10 which is deposited on the vibrating surface 8A, as shown in the figure 6.
  • a first cell 2 is brought opposite the sonotrode 8, by rotating the rotor rim 1 around its axis of rotation 1A to using training means (not shown).
  • Ways drive include for example a stepping motor.
  • the sonotrode 8 and the sheath 16 are moved to their high position shot blasting, then we proceed to blasting the first cell 2 in operating the vibration generator 18.
  • the sonotrode 8 is released from the mouth 2A towards its intermediate position, then a second cell 2 is brought in look of the sonotrode 8, by turning the rotor rim 1 by an angle equal to that separating two consecutive axial cells 2 around its axis of rotation 1A, and so on until the processing of the whole axial cells 2 formed on the rotor rim 1 is completed.
  • the sonotrode 8 is withdrawn towards its low position, shown in FIG. 7, in which the release of the dose of balls 10.
  • the balls 10 are for example blown of the surface 8A using a blower 28 through lights 30 formed in the sheath 16 and recovered in a tank 32. Said balls 10 can then be refreshed or replaced for a further processing.
  • the sonotrode 8 can be moved according to a oblique direction without departing from the scope of the invention. What matters is there is at least one ball 10 in the container 26 in contact with the surface 8A during the start-up of the sonotrode 8 in order to initiate the formation of the fog of marbles.

Abstract

A sonotrode (8) is mounted with beads (10) on its vibratory surface (8A). A rotor rim (1) in a chamber (12) is rotated so that the lateral mouth (2A) of a cavity (2) faces the sonotrode. The sonotrode is raised vertically, so that the closing-off checks close the frontal openings of the cavity and beads seal the chamber. Vibration generator (18) vibrates the sonotrode surface, so that the beads are mobilized in the chamber to conduct ultrasonic peening of a wall of the cavity. An Independent claim is included for rotor rim surface treating apparatus.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement de surface et de mise en précontrainte de compression par grenaillage de la paroi d'au moins une cavité oblongue formée dans une pièce, ladite cavité débouchant à l'extérieur par une embouchure latérale et ayant deux extrémités susceptibles de présenter des ouvertures frontales.The invention relates to a method of surface treatment and setting in compression preload by shot peening of the wall of at least one oblong cavity formed in a part, said cavity opening out the outside by a lateral mouth and having two ends likely to have front openings.

En particulier, il est nécessaire de mettre en précontrainte de compression la paroi d'une alvéole axiale de rotor de turbomachine pouvant contenir un pied d'aube dont les lignes de contact entre l'alvéole axiale et le pied d'aube sont fortement sollicités. En effet, en fonctionnement, les aubes de turbine ou de soufflantes, bloquées dans les alvéoles axiales par différents moyens, sont soumises à des forces centrifuges considérables entraínant une usure par frottement importante au niveau de ces lignes de contact. Cette usure par frottement réduit la durée de vie des pièces en exploitation et entraíne régulièrement leur changement.In particular, it is necessary to pre-stress compression the wall of an axial cell of a turbomachine rotor capable of contain a blade root, the contact lines between the axial cell and the dawn feet are in high demand. Indeed, in operation, the blades turbine or blowers, blocked in the axial cells by different means, are subject to considerable centrifugal forces causing significant friction wear at these lines of contact. This friction wear reduces the life of the parts by exploitation and regularly changes them.

Pour augmenter la résistance en fatigue du rotor de turbine et durcir la surface des alvéoles axiales au voisinage des lignes de contact, il est connu de grenailler les alvéoles axiales au moyen de billes éjectées par une buse à air comprimé introduite dans chaque alvéole. Les billes provoquent une mise en compression permanente de la surface traitée sur une faible épaisseur s'opposant à l'apparition et à la progression des fissures à la surface de la pièce.To increase the fatigue strength of the turbine rotor and harden the surface of the axial cells in the vicinity of the contact lines, it is known to blast the axial cells by means of balls ejected by a compressed air nozzle inserted into each cell. The balls cause permanent compression of the treated surface over a low thickness opposing the appearance and progression of cracks at the surface of the room.

Ces buses ne peuvent projeter que des microbilles dont le diamètre est inférieur à 1mm, et typiquement compris entre 0,3mm et 0,5mm.These nozzles can only project microbeads whose diameter is less than 1mm, and typically between 0.3mm and 0.5mm.

Ce procédé est nécessairement long, car la surface totale de la cavité n'est traitée que par une succession de traitements locaux qui peuvent, en outre, introduire momentanément des déformations locales intempestives et l'incrustation de résidus de billes. En outre, dans ce procédé, la répartition des billes, tant en position qu'en vitesse, se fait selon la loi de Gauss.This process is necessarily long, because the total surface of the cavity is only treated by a succession of local treatments which can, in in addition, temporarily introduce untimely local deformations and the incrustation of log residues. Furthermore, in this method, the distribution balls, both in position and in speed, is done according to Gauss's law.

De plus, le grenaillage effectué est faible pour ne pas générer une rugosité trop élevée au voisinage de la zone traitée, ce qui entraíne un durcissement de la surface limité. En effet, le diamètre des billes projetées étant petit, plus le grenaillage est fort, plus la dégradation de l'état de surface sera importante.In addition, the shot blasting carried out is low so as not to generate a too high roughness in the vicinity of the treated area, which results in limited surface hardening. Indeed, the diameter of the projected balls being small, the stronger the shot blasting, the more the degradation of the state of surface will be important.

Enfin, le procédé, mettant en oeuvre de nombreux paramètres, est peu contrôlable et difficilement reproductible. Finally, the method, implementing many parameters, is not very controllable and difficult to reproduce.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé de grenaillage de cavités oblongues, en particulier des alvéoles axiales de rotor de turbine, qui permette de créer des précontraintes reproductibles sur toutes les cavités, dans un temps plus court, tout en permettant un grenaillage plus fort, c'est-à-dire une épaisseur de mise en compression de la surface plus importante sans toutefois introduire de blessures et en limitant la dégradation ou les incrustations de la surface traitée.The object of the invention is to propose a shot peening process for oblong cavities, in particular axial cells of the turbine rotor, which allows the creation of reproducible prestresses on all cavities, in a shorter time, while allowing a stronger shot blasting, that is to say greater compression thickness of the surface without, however, introducing injuries and limiting degradation or incrustations of the treated surface.

L'invention atteint son but par le fait que le procédé de grenaillage est réalisé par ultrasons et comporte les étapes suivantes :

  • a) on place une dose de billes d'un diamètre déterminé sur une surface vibrante d'une sonotrode préalablement disposée dans une position intermédiaire dans un fourreau entourant ladite surface vibrante et comportant des moyens d'obturation susceptibles d'obturer les ouvertures frontales,
  • b) on place l'embouchure latérale de la cavité en regard de ladite sonotrode,
  • c) on déplace sensiblement verticalement et ensemble, ladite sonotrode supportant la dose de billes et ledit fourreau vers une position haute de grenaillage dans laquelle les moyens d'obturation obturent les ouvertures frontales de la cavité et dans laquelle la sonotrode, disposée en regard de l'embouchure latérale, délimite, avec le fourreau, les moyens d'obturation et la cavité, une enceinte étanche aux billes, et
  • d) on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi de la cavité, en générant un brouillard de billes dans ladite enceinte, au moyen de la sonotrode excitée par des moyens de production d'oscillations ultrasonores.
    • The invention achieves its object by the fact that the peening process is carried out by ultrasound and comprises the following steps:
  • a) a dose of balls of a determined diameter is placed on a vibrating surface of a sonotrode previously disposed in an intermediate position in a sheath surrounding said vibrating surface and comprising closing means capable of closing the front openings,
  • b) the lateral mouth of the cavity is placed opposite said sonotrode,
  • c) moving substantially vertically and together, said sonotrode supporting the dose of balls and said sheath towards a high shot peening position in which the shutter means close the front openings of the cavity and in which the sonotrode, disposed facing the '' lateral mouth, defines, with the sheath, the closure means and the cavity, a ball-tight enclosure, and
  • d) blasting is carried out by ultrasound of the wall of the cavity, by generating a mist of beads in said enclosure, by means of the sonotrode excited by means of producing ultrasonic oscillations.

    • Le procédé permet d'obtenir une répartition homogène des positions des billes constituant un brouillard de billes. Les billes du brouillard de billes se déplaçant dans des directions aléatoires, elles viennent frapper les parois des cavités sous des angles variés, ce qui améliore l'état de surface par rapport aux billes projetées par une buse dans une direction privilégiée.The process provides a homogeneous distribution of positions of the balls constituting a mist of balls. The balls of fog of beads moving in random directions they strike the walls of the cavities from various angles, which improves the surface condition compared to the balls projected by a nozzle in a privileged direction.

    En outre, l'intégralité de la surface est soumise en même temps aux impacts de billes, ce qui diminue considérablement les risques de déformation de la cavité, en particulier, de l'alvéole contenant le pied d'aube. In addition, the entire surface is subjected at the same time to ball impacts, which considerably reduces the risk of deformation of the cavity, in particular, of the socket containing the foot blade.

    Pour générer le brouillard de billes, il suffit qu'une bille au moins se mette en contact avec la surface vibrante lorsque la sonotrode est excitée. Aussi la sonotrode peut être disposée obliquement par rapport à la verticale.To generate the fog of balls, it suffices that at least one ball puts in contact with the vibrating surface when the sonotrode is energized. Also the sonotrode can be arranged obliquely to the vertical.

    Avantageusement, après avoir déplacé ensemble la sonotrode et le fourreau, on déplace sensiblement verticalement la sonotrode par rapport au fourreau, afin que la surface vibrante obture l'embouchure.Advantageously, after having moved the sonotrode and the sheath, the sonotrode is moved substantially vertically relative to the sleeve, so that the vibrating surface closes the mouth.

    Le volume dans lequel le brouillard de billes est réparti étant inférieur au volume obtenu lorsque la surface vibrante reste en dehors de l'embouchure, le procédé nécessite un temps de traitement de grenaillage plus court.The volume in which the fog of balls is distributed being less than the volume obtained when the vibrating surface remains outside the mouth, the process requires a shot blasting treatment time shorter.

    Dans ce cas, après avoir grenaillé la paroi d'une cavité, on déplace la sonotrode vers sa position intermédiaire dans le fourreau, on remplace la cavité traitée par une autre cavité à traiter, on déplace la sonotrode vers sa position de grenaillage et on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi de l'autre cavité à traiter.In this case, after having peened the wall of a cavity, the sonotrode towards its intermediate position in the sheath, we replace the cavity treated by another cavity to be treated, the sonotrode is moved towards its shot peening position and ultrasonic peening of the wall is carried out from the other cavity to be treated.

    Si la surface vibrante n'est pas introduite dans l'embouchure, après avoir grenaillé la paroi d'une cavité, on remplace la cavité traitée par une autre cavité à traiter, et on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi de l'autre cavité à traiter.If the vibrating surface is not introduced into the mouthpiece, after having peened the wall of a cavity, we replace the treated cavity with a other cavity to be treated, and we proceed with the ultrasonic peening of the wall from the other cavity to be treated.

    Lorsque la pièce comportant au moins une cavité à traiter n'est pas circulaire, ou bien lorsqu'il s'agit de traiter en continu une succession de pièces ayant une seule cavité, la géométrie de la pièce n'est pas toujours adaptée au dispositif et il est nécessaire de déplacer à la fois la surface vibrante et les moyens d'obturation pour dégager l'espace disponible entre les étapes d'amenée respectives de chaque pièce et/ou cavité.When the part comprising at least one cavity to be treated is not circular, or when dealing with a continuous succession of parts with only one cavity, the geometry of the part is not always adapted to the device and it is necessary to move both the surface vibrating and the sealing means to clear the space available between the respective feeding steps for each part and / or cavity.

    Dans le cas ou le fourreau doit s'effacer pour passer d'une cavité à une autre en raison de la géométrie de la pièce, après avoir grenaillé la paroi d'une cavité, on déplace ensemble la sonotrode et le fourreau vers une position basse, on remplace la cavité traitée par une autre cavité à traiter, on déplace ensemble la sonotrode et le fourreau vers la position haute de grenaillage, et on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi de l'autre cavité à traiter.In the case where the sheath must be erased to pass from a cavity another because of the geometry of the part, after having shot-blasted the wall of a cavity, the sonotrode and the sheath are moved together towards a low position, we replace the treated cavity with another cavity to be treated, we moves the horn and sheath together to the high position of blasting, and we blast the wall of the other by ultrasound cavity to be treated.

    Selon une variante de réalisation, après avoir grenaillé la paroi d'une cavité, on déplace la sonotrode vers sa position intermédiaire dans le fourreau, on déplace ensemble la sonotrode et le fourreau vers une position basse, on remplace la cavité traitée par une autre cavité à traiter, on déplace ensemble la sonotrode et le fourreau vers la position haute de grenaillage, on déplace sensiblement verticalement la sonotrode par rapport au fourreau afin que la surface vibrante obture l'embouchure et on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi de l'autre cavité à traiter.According to an alternative embodiment, after having peened the wall of a cavity, the sonotrode is moved to its intermediate position in the sheath, the sonotrode and the sheath are moved together to a position low, we replace the treated cavity with another cavity to be treated, we move together the horn and the sheath towards the high shot blasting position, the sonotrode is moved substantially vertically relative to the sheath so that the vibrating surface closes the mouth and we proceed to ultrasonic blasting of the wall of the other cavity to be treated.

    Lorsqu'on utilise le procédé pour traiter une pièce circulaire, une jante de rotor par exemple comportant une pluralité de cavités axiales formées à la périphérie de ladite jante de rotor et présentant des portions de parois qui divergent à partir de chaque embouchure, l'on fait tourner pas à pas la jante de rotor autour de son axe de rotation disposée à l'horizontale de manière à amener successivement chaque cavité axiale en regard de la sonotrode après le traitement d'une cavité.When using the process to treat a circular part, a rotor rim for example comprising a plurality of axial cavities formed at the periphery of said rotor rim and having portions of walls which diverge from each mouth, we do not rotate at not the rotor rim around its axis of rotation arranged horizontally so as to bring each axial cavity successively opposite the sonotrode after the treatment of a cavity.

    De préférence, on place un déflecteur dans la cavité afin de favoriser le grenaillage des flancs internes de l'embouchure latérale.Preferably, a deflector is placed in the cavity in order to promote the shot blasting of the internal sides of the lateral mouth.

    Le déflecteur peut être de géométrie sensiblement triangulaire avec des côtés parallèles aux portions de parois divergentes de manière à diminuer l'effet du grenaillage de la zone située entre ledit déflecteur et le fond de la cavité.The deflector can be of substantially triangular geometry with sides parallel to the portions of divergent walls so as to reduce the blasting effect of the area between said deflector and the bottom of the cavity.

    A la fin du traitement, on déplace avantageusement, sensiblement verticalement la sonotrode vers une position basse dans le fourreau, position dans laquelle la dose de billes est apte à être chassée de la surface vibrante vers un réservoir au travers de lumières formées dans le fourreau après le grenaillage des cavités de la pièce.At the end of the treatment, advantageously, substantially vertically the sonotrode towards a low position in the sheath, position in which the dose of beads is capable of being driven from the vibrating surface towards a reservoir through lights formed in the sheath after the shot blasting of the workpiece cavities.

    Ainsi, la dose de billes est facilement récupérée en vue d'être, soit réutilisée pour un traitement suivant, soit être remplacée.Thus, the dose of beads is easily retrieved in order to be either reused for a subsequent treatment, or be replaced.

    Avantageusement, on utilise une dose de billes dont le diamètre est supérieur à 0,8mm.Advantageously, a dose of balls is used whose diameter is greater than 0.8mm.

    Les billes utilisées dans le procédé selon l'invention ont un diamètre plus grand que le diamètre des billes susceptibles d'être projetées par une buse, de sorte que le grenaillage peut être plus fort tout en ayant une dégradation de la surface moins importante.The balls used in the process according to the invention have a diameter larger than the diameter of the balls likely to be projected by a nozzle, so the shot blasting can be stronger while having a less significant surface degradation.

    L'invention concerne également une installation pour la mise en oeuvre de procédé.The invention also relates to an installation for setting up process work.

    Selon l'invention, cette installation comporte :

  • une sonotrode disposée dans un fourreau équipé de moyens d'obturation susceptibles d'obturer les couvertures frontales d'une cavité, ladite sonotrode étant susceptible de projeter des billes d'un diamètre déterminé dans un enceinte délimitée par la paroi de la cavité, la surface vibrante de ladite sonotrode, le fourreau et les moyens d'obturation (14)
  • des moyens de production d'oscillations ultrasonores susceptibles d'exciter ladite sonotrode,
  • des premiers moyens pour déplacer sensiblement verticalement ladite sonotrode, et des deuxièmes moyens pour déplacer sensiblement verticalement ledit fourreau,
  • un premier jeu inférieur au diamètre des billes étant ménagé entre ladite sonotrode et ledit fourreau.
    • According to the invention, this installation comprises:
  • a sonotrode disposed in a sheath equipped with sealing means capable of closing the front covers of a cavity, said sonotrode being capable of projecting balls of a determined diameter in an enclosure delimited by the wall of the cavity, the surface vibrating said sonotrode, the sheath and the sealing means (14)
  • means for producing ultrasonic oscillations capable of exciting said sonotrode,
  • first means for moving said sonotrode substantially vertically, and second means for moving said sheath substantially vertically,
  • a first clearance smaller than the diameter of the balls being formed between said sonotrode and said sheath.

    • De préférence, un deuxième jeu inférieur au diamètre des billes est ménagé entre ladite surface vibrante disposée dans l'embouchure de la cavité et ladite embouchure.Preferably, a second clearance smaller than the diameter of the balls is formed between said vibrating surface disposed in the mouth of the cavity and said mouth.

    L'installation comporte avantageusement un troisième jeu inférieur au diamètre des billes ménagé entre une extrémité du fourreau et l'embouchure, qui lorsque la surface vibrante n'obture pas l'embouchure permet de garantir l'étanchéité de l'enceinte.The installation advantageously includes a third lower set the diameter of the balls formed between one end of the sheath and the mouthpiece, which when the vibrating surface does not block the mouthpiece ensures the tightness of the enclosure.

    L'installation peut comporter une pluralité d'ensembles acoustiques comprenant chacun une sonotrode et un fourreau, disposés autour de la jante de rotor, lesdits ensembles acoustiques étant aptes à se déplacer selon une direction axiale de la jante de rotor.The installation may include a plurality of acoustic assemblies each comprising a sonotrode and a sheath, arranged around the rim rotor, said acoustic assemblies being able to move in a axial direction of the rotor rim.

    Les différents éléments de l'installation sont agencés de sorte qu'aucune bille ne peut bloquer lesdits éléments susceptibles de se déplacer. En outre, la sonotrode et le fourreau comprenant les moyens d'obturation, ont une géométrie adaptée à la forme de la cavité à traiter. En particulier, la surface vibrante est de forme complémentaire à l'espace laissé par l'embouchure et les moyens d'obturation sont formés de manière à bien obturer les ouvertures de ladite cavité.The various elements of the installation are arranged so that no ball can block said elements likely to move. In addition, the sonotrode and the sheath comprising the closure means, have a geometry adapted to the shape of the cavity to be treated. In particular, the vibrating surface is of complementary shape to the space left by the mouth and the sealing means are formed so as to properly close the openings of said cavity.

    Avantageusement, les deuxièmes moyens de déplacement sont susceptibles de déplacer ensemble les moyens d'obturation et la sonotrode.Advantageously, the second displacement means are likely to move the shutter means and the sonotrode together.

    Les premiers moyens de déplacement et les deuxièmes moyens de déplacement sont avantageusement aptes à être commandés simultanément.The first means of movement and the second means of displacement are advantageously able to be controlled simultaneously.

    Au départ du traitement, le fourreau et la sonotrode sont placés dans une position intermédiaire dans laquelle l'espace engendré par les moyens d'obturation dudit fourreau et la surface vibrante de ladite sonotrode constitue un réservoir pour la dose de billes. Puis, ledit fourreau et ladite sonotrode supportant la dose de billes sont déplacés conjointement à l'aide d'un même déplacement. Enfin, la sonotrode et/ou les moyens d'obturation sont susceptibles d'être déplacés individuellement, selon la géométrie de la cavité à traiter jusqu'à ce que respectivement la surface vibrante obture l'embouchure de la cavité et que les moyens d'obturation obturent les ouvertures de la cavité.At the start of treatment, the sheath and the sonotrode are placed in an intermediate position in which the space generated by the means for closing said sheath and the vibrating surface of said sonotrode constitutes a reservoir for the dose of beads. Then said sheath and said sonotrode supporting the dose of beads are moved together using of the same displacement. Finally, the sonotrode and / or the sealing means can be moved individually, depending on the geometry of the cavity to be treated until the vibrating surface respectively closes the mouth of the cavity and that the sealing means close off the cavity openings.

    Avantageusement, l'installation comporte des moyens de support pour supporter au moins une pièce à traiter et des moyens d'entraínement desdits moyens de support pour amener pas à pas une cavité au-dessus de la sonotrode.Advantageously, the installation includes support means to support at least one part to be treated and drive means said support means for bringing step by step a cavity above the sonotrode.

    L'installation comprend avantageusement des moyens pour chasser la dose de billes de la surface vibrante vers un réservoir.The installation advantageously includes means for expelling the dose of balls from the vibrating surface to a reservoir.

    Ces moyens simples, permettent de chasser la dose de bille au cours d'un traitement si nécessaire, ou à la fin de celui-ci, soit pour rafraíchir les billes, soit pour les remplacer.These simple means allow the dose of ball to be chased during of a treatment if necessary, or at the end of it, either to refresh the or to replace them.

    D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description suivante faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif et en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

    • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une jante de rotor,
    • la figure 2 est une vue frontale d'une aube de soufflante disposée dans une cavité axiale formée à la périphérie de la jante de rotor,
    • la figure 3 est une coupe axiale de l'installation, le fourreau et la sonotrode étant placés en position haute de grenaillage,
    • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective du fourreau contenant la sonotrode placée en position haute de grenaillage dans ledit fourreau,
    • la figure 5 est une coupe de la figure 3 selon la ligne V-V,
    • la figure 6 est une coupe du fourreau contenant la sonotrode, dans sa position intermédiaire, et
    • la figure 7 est une coupe du fourreau contenant la sonotrode, dans sa position basse.
    Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the following description given by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
    • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rotor rim,
    • FIG. 2 is a front view of a fan blade disposed in an axial cavity formed at the periphery of the rotor rim,
    • FIG. 3 is an axial section of the installation, the sheath and the sonotrode being placed in the high shot blasting position,
    • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the sheath containing the sonotrode placed in the high shot blasting position in said sheath,
    • FIG. 5 is a section of FIG. 3 along the line VV,
    • FIG. 6 is a section of the sheath containing the sonotrode, in its intermediate position, and
    • Figure 7 is a section of the sleeve containing the sonotrode, in its low position.

    La figure 1 montre une jante de rotor 1 comportant une pluralité d'alvéoles 2 sensiblement axiales, formées à la périphérie de la jante de rotor 1 et régulièrement espacées autour de l'axe de rotation 1A de la jante de rotor. Ces alvéoles 2 présentent une ouverture frontale 3 à chaque extrémité. Ces alvéoles 2 sont en forme de queue d'aronde et présentent une embouchure 2A ouverte radialement vers l'extérieur et de forme sensiblement rectiligne afin de permettre le montage des pieds d'aube 4 sensiblement en forme de queue d'aronde des aubes de soufflante 6. Les alvéoles 2 peuvent être rectilignes ou curvilignes.Figure 1 shows a rotor rim 1 having a plurality of substantially axial cells 2 formed at the periphery of the rim of rotor 1 and regularly spaced around the axis of rotation 1A of the rim rotor. These cells 2 have a front opening 3 at each end. These cells 2 are dovetail-shaped and have a mouthpiece 2A open radially outward and shaped substantially straight to allow the mounting of the blade roots 4 substantially in the shape of a dovetail of the fan blades 6. The alveoli 2 can be straight or curvilinear.

    Chaque pied d'aube 4 est monté axialement par coulissement dans une alvéole 2. Entre le pied d'aube 4 et le fond de la l'alvéole 2 peut être engagée une cale (non représentée) qui maintient le pied d'aube 4 en appui contre les parois de la l'alvéole 2 correspondante.Each blade root 4 is mounted axially by sliding in a cell 2. Between the blade root 4 and the bottom of the cell 2 can be engaged a wedge (not shown) which keeps the blade root 4 in support against the walls of the corresponding cell 2.

    La figure 2 montre que l'appui entre les parois de la l'alvéole 2 et le pied d'aube 4 se traduit par deux lignes de contact 2B.Figure 2 shows that the support between the walls of the cell 2 and the blade root 4 results in two contact lines 2B.

    Le but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé et une installation pour mettre en précontrainte de compression la paroi 2C de chaque alvéole 2 et en particulier les zones des deux lignes de contact 2B, de manière à augmenter la résistance à l'usure de ces lignes de contact 2B provoquée par le frottement entre le pied d'aube 4 et la paroi de l'alvéole 2 et ainsi augmenter la résistance en fatigue de la jante de rotor 1.The object of the invention is to propose a method and an installation to put in compression preload the wall 2C of each cell 2 and in particular the areas of the two contact lines 2B, so as to increase the wear resistance of these 2B contact lines caused by the friction between the blade root 4 and the wall of the cell 2 and so increase the fatigue strength of the rotor rim 1.

    Les figures 3 et 5 montrent un exemple d'installation utilisée pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé dans laquelle un seul ensemble acoustique est utilisé, ledit ensemble acoustique étant susceptible de se déplacer verticalement. L'ensemble acoustique comporte essentiellement une sonotrode 8 disposée dans un fourreau 16 équipé de joues d'obturation 14. L'installation est positionnée en dessous de la jante de rotor 1. La sonotrode 8, ainsi que le fourreau 16 sont placés dans une position haute de grenaillage, comme représentés sur la figure 3. Dans cette position haute de grenaillage, la sonotrode 8 obture de préférence l'embouchure 2A et les joues d'obturation 14 formées sur le fourreau 16 obturent les deux ouvertures 3.Figures 3 and 5 show an example of installation used for implementation of the method in which only one acoustic assembly is used, said acoustic assembly being capable of moving vertically. The acoustic assembly essentially comprises a sonotrode 8 disposed in a sheath 16 equipped with shutter cheeks 14. The installation is positioned below the rotor rim 1. The sonotrode 8, as well as the sheath 16 are placed in a high position of shot blasting, as shown in figure 3. In this high position of shot peening, the sonotrode 8 preferably blocks the mouth 2A and the obturation cheeks 14 formed on the sheath 16 obturate the two openings 3.

    Des billes 10 d'un diamètre compris entre 0,8mm et 5mm, préférentiellement égal à 1mm, sont projetées par la surface vibrante 8A orientée vers le haut de la sonotrode 8 dans l'enceinte 12 délimitée par la paroi 2C, la surface vibrante 8A et les joues d'obturation 14. La surface vibrante 8A est excitée par un générateur de vibrations 18, par exemple à quartz, afin de créer un brouillard de billes 10 dans l'enceinte 12.Balls 10 with a diameter between 0.8mm and 5mm, preferably equal to 1mm, are projected by the vibrating surface 8A towards the top of the sonotrode 8 in the enclosure 12 delimited by the wall 2C, the vibrating surface 8A and the sealing cheeks 14. The surface vibrating 8A is excited by a vibration generator 18, for example at quartz, in order to create a mist of beads 10 in the enclosure 12.

    Le jeu e1 ménagé entre la sonotrode 8 et le fourreau 16 est inférieur au diamètre des billes 10, de sorte qu'aucune bille 10 ne peut passer entre la surface vibrante 8A et le fourreau 16.The clearance e1 formed between the sonotrode 8 and the sheath 16 is less the diameter of the balls 10, so that no ball 10 can pass between the vibrating surface 8A and the sheath 16.

    En référence aux figures 3 à 5, la surface vibrante 8A, est sensiblement rectangulaire et a une longueur L1 sensiblement égale à la longueur L2 de l'alvéole 2 mesurée axialement. La sonotrode 8 est en position haute de grenaillage dans le fourreau 16 qui borde la surface vibrante 8A. Les joues d'obturation 14 sont de forme simple, par exemple rectangulaire, afin de masquer intégralement les ouvertures 3. La largeur de la surface vibrante 8A est sensiblement égale à la largeur de l'embouchure 2A.With reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, the vibrating surface 8A is substantially rectangular and has a length L1 substantially equal to the length L2 of cell 2 measured axially. Sonotrode 8 is in high shot blasting position in the sheath 16 which borders the surface vibrating 8A. The shutter cheeks 14 are simple in shape, for example rectangular, in order to completely hide the openings 3. The width of the vibrating surface 8A is substantially equal to the width of the mouthpiece 2A.

    La figure 5 montre que l'alvéole 2 est de forme concave avec des portions de paroi 2'C qui divergent à partir de l'embouchure 2A. Dans l'alvéole 2 on a introduit un déflecteur 15 porté par les joues d'obturation 14. Ledit déflecteur 15 est triangulaire avec des côtés sensiblement parallèles aux portions de paroi 2'C et au fond de l'alvéole. Il permet notamment d'atténuer l'effet du grenaillage du fond de l'alvéole et d'augmenter le grenaillage des parois 2'C.Figure 5 shows that the cell 2 is of concave shape with 2'C wall portions which diverge from the mouth 2A. In alveolus 2 a deflector 15 has been introduced carried by the shutter cheeks 14. Said deflector 15 is triangular with substantially parallel sides to the 2'C wall portions and to the bottom of the cell. It allows in particular mitigate the blasting effect of the bottom of the cell and increase the shot blasting of the walls 2'C.

    Le jeu e2 ménagé entre la surface vibrante 8A de la sonotrode 8 et l'embouchure 2A est inférieur au diamètre des billes 10 de sorte qu'aucune bille 10 ne peut sortir hors de l'enceinte 12.The clearance e2 formed between the vibrating surface 8A of the sonotrode 8 and the mouth 2A is less than the diameter of the balls 10 so that no ball 10 cannot come out of enclosure 12.

    Si la surface vibrante 8A n'obture pas l'embouchure au cours du grenaillage, un troisième jeu e3 compris entre une extrémité 16A du fourreau 16 et l'embouchure 2A permet d'assurer l'étanchéité de l'enceinte 12.If the vibrating surface 8A does not close the mouth during the shot blasting, a third set e3 between an end 16A of the sheath 16 and the mouth 2A ensures the tightness of the enclosure 12.

    Une première glissière 20 permet d'effectuer les déplacements verticaux de la sonotrode 8 en faisant coulisser ladite sonotrode 8 dans le fourreau 16. Une deuxième glissière 22, portée par un bâti 24, permet quant à elle de déplacer sensiblement verticalement à la fois la sonotrode 8 et le fourreau 16. Des moyens de commande (non représentés) permettent de commander ladite première glissière 20 et ladite seconde glissière 22.A first slide 20 makes it possible to carry out the displacements sonotrode 8 vertical by sliding said sonotrode 8 in the sheath 16. A second slide 22, carried by a frame 24, makes it possible to it to move substantially vertically both the sonotrode 8 and the sleeve 16. Control means (not shown) make it possible to controlling said first slide 20 and said second slide 22.

    La première glissière 20 peut être portée soit par la deuxième glissière 22, comme indiqué sur la figure 5, soit par le bâti 24, auquel cas la commande des deux glissières 20 et 22 doit être synchronisée pour monter ensemble la sonotrode 8 et le fourreau 16 vers la position haute de grenaillage.The first slide 20 can be carried either by the second slide 22, as shown in Figure 5, either by the frame 24, in which case the control of the two slides 20 and 22 must be synchronized to mount together the sonotrode 8 and the sheath 16 towards the high position of shot blasting.

    Avant de débuter l'opération de traitement d'une alvéole axiale 2, la sonotrode 8 est placée dans une position intermédiaire dans le fourreau 16, position dans laquelle l'espace délimité par le fourreau 16 et la surface vibrante 8A, constitue un récipient 26 qui permet de contenir la dose de billes 10 qui est déposée sur la surface vibrante 8A, comme représenté sur la figure 6.Before starting the treatment operation of an axial cell 2, the sonotrode 8 is placed in an intermediate position in the sheath 16, position in which the space delimited by the sheath 16 and the surface vibrating 8A, constitutes a container 26 which makes it possible to contain the dose of balls 10 which is deposited on the vibrating surface 8A, as shown in the figure 6.

    Après avoir fixé la jante de rotor 1 par des moyens de maintien (non représentés), on amène une première alvéole 2 en regard de la sonotrode 8, en faisant tourner la jante de rotor 1 autour de son axe de rotation 1A à l'aide de moyens d'entraínement (non représentés). Les moyens d'entraínement comportent par exemple un moteur pas à pas.After fixing the rotor rim 1 by holding means (not shown), a first cell 2 is brought opposite the sonotrode 8, by rotating the rotor rim 1 around its axis of rotation 1A to using training means (not shown). Ways drive include for example a stepping motor.

    On déplace la sonotrode 8 et le fourreau 16 vers leur position haute de grenaillage, puis, on procède au grenaillage de la première alvéole 2 en actionnant le générateur de vibrations 18. Dès que le grenaillage de la première alvéole 2 est terminé, la sonotrode 8 est dégagée de l'embouchure 2A vers sa position intermédiaire, puis on amène une deuxième alvéole 2 en regard de la sonotrode 8, en faisant tourner la jante de rotor 1 d'un angle égal à celui séparant deux alvéoles axiales consécutives 2 autour de son axe de rotation 1A, et ainsi de suite jusqu'à ce que le traitement de l'ensemble des alvéoles axiales 2 formées sur la jante de rotor 1 soit terminé.The sonotrode 8 and the sheath 16 are moved to their high position shot blasting, then we proceed to blasting the first cell 2 in operating the vibration generator 18. As soon as the shot blasting of the first cell 2 is finished, the sonotrode 8 is released from the mouth 2A towards its intermediate position, then a second cell 2 is brought in look of the sonotrode 8, by turning the rotor rim 1 by an angle equal to that separating two consecutive axial cells 2 around its axis of rotation 1A, and so on until the processing of the whole axial cells 2 formed on the rotor rim 1 is completed.

    A la fin du traitement, ou à la demande, la sonotrode 8 est retirée vers sa position basse, représentée figure 7, dans laquelle on procède au dégagement de la dose de billes 10. Les billes 10 sont par exemple soufflées de la surface 8A à l'aide d'une soufflette 28 au travers de lumières 30 formées dans le fourreau 16 et récupérées dans un réservoir 32. Lesdites billes 10 peuvent ensuite être rafraíchies ou bien remplacées en vue d'un traitement ultérieur.At the end of the treatment, or on request, the sonotrode 8 is withdrawn towards its low position, shown in FIG. 7, in which the release of the dose of balls 10. The balls 10 are for example blown of the surface 8A using a blower 28 through lights 30 formed in the sheath 16 and recovered in a tank 32. Said balls 10 can then be refreshed or replaced for a further processing.

    Il est à noter que la sonotrode 8 peut être déplacée selon une direction oblique sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Ce qui compte c'est qu'il y ait au moins une bille 10 dans le récipient 26 au contact de la surface 8A lors de la mise en route de la sonotrode 8 afin d'amorcer la formation du brouillard de billes.It should be noted that the sonotrode 8 can be moved according to a oblique direction without departing from the scope of the invention. What matters is there is at least one ball 10 in the container 26 in contact with the surface 8A during the start-up of the sonotrode 8 in order to initiate the formation of the fog of marbles.

    Claims (16)

    Procédé de traitement de surface et de mise en précontrainte de compression par grenaillage de la paroi (2C) d'au moins une cavité oblongue (2) formée dans une pièce (1), ladite cavité (2) débouchant à l'extérieur par une embouchure latérale (2A), et ayant deux extrémités susceptibles de présenter des ouvertures frontales (3),
       caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes : a) on place une dose de billes (10) d'un diamètre déterminé sur une surface vibrante (8A) d'une sonotrode (8) préalablement disposée dans une position intermédiaire dans un fourreau (16) entourant ladite surface vibrante (8A) et comportant des moyens d'obturation (14) susceptibles d'obturer les ouvertures frontales (3) de ladite cavité (2), b) on place l'embouchure latérale (2A) de la cavité (2) en regard de ladite sonotrode (8), c) on déplace sensiblement verticalement et ensemble, ladite sonotrode (8) supportant la dose de billes (10) et ledit fourreau vers une position haute de grenaillage dans laquelle les moyens d'obturation (14) obturent les ouvertures frontales (3) de la cavité (2) et dans laquelle la sonotrode, disposée en regard de l'embouchure latérale (2A), délimite, avec le fourreau (16), les moyens d'obturation (14) et la cavité, une enceinte (12) étanche aux billes (10), et d) on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi (2C) de la cavité (2), en générant un brouillard de billes (10) dans ladite enceinte (12), au moyen de la sonotrode (8) excitée par des moyens de production d'oscillations ultrasonores (18).     Method of surface treatment and of compression prestressing by shot blasting of the wall (2C) of at least one oblong cavity (2) formed in a part (1), said cavity (2) opening to the outside by a lateral mouth (2A), and having two ends capable of having front openings (3),
    characterized by the fact that it comprises the following stages: a) a dose of balls (10) of a determined diameter is placed on a vibrating surface (8A) of a sonotrode (8) previously disposed in an intermediate position in a sheath (16) surrounding said vibrating surface (8A) and comprising closure means (14) capable of closing the front openings (3) of said cavity (2), b) the lateral mouth (2A) of the cavity (2) is placed opposite said sonotrode (8), c) moving substantially vertically and together, said sonotrode (8) supporting the dose of balls (10) and said sheath towards a high blasting position in which the shutter means (14) close the front openings (3) of the cavity (2) and in which the sonotrode, disposed opposite the lateral mouth (2A), delimits, with the sheath (16), the closure means (14) and the cavity, an enclosure (12) sealed against balls (10), and d) the blasting is carried out by ultrasound of the wall (2C) of the cavity (2), by generating a mist of balls (10) in said enclosure (12), by means of the sonotrode (8) excited by means of production of ultrasonic oscillations (18).     Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que, après avoir déplacé ensemble la sonotrode (8) et le fourreau (16), on déplace sensiblement verticalement la sonotrode (8) par rapport au fourreau (16), afin que la surface vibrante (8A) obture l'embouchure (2A).Method according to claim 1, characterized in that , after having moved the sonotrode (8) and the sheath together (16), the sonotrode (8) is moved substantially vertically relative to the sheath (16), so that the vibrating surface (8A) closes the mouth (2A). Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que, après avoir grenaillé la paroi (2C) d'une cavité (2), on déplace la sonotrode (8) vers sa position intermédiaire dans le fourreau (16), on remplace la cavité traitée par une autre cavité (2) à traiter, on déplace la sonotrode (8) vers sa position de grenaillage et on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi (2C) de l'autre cavité à traiter. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that , after having blasted the wall (2C) of a cavity (2), the sonotrode (8) is moved to its intermediate position in the sheath (16), the cavity is replaced treated by another cavity (2) to be treated, the sonotrode (8) is moved to its shot-blasting position and the wall (2C) of the other cavity to be treated is ultrasonically blasted. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que, après avoir grenaillé la paroi (2C) d'une cavité (2), on remplace la cavité (2) traitée par une autre cavité (2) à traiter, et on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi (2c) de l'autre cavité (2) à traiter.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that , after having blasted the wall (2C) of a cavity (2), the cavity (2) treated is replaced by another cavity (2) to be treated, and the procedure is carried out ultrasonic peening of the wall (2c) of the other cavity (2) to be treated. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que, après avoir grenaillé la paroi (2C) d'une cavité (2), on déplace ensemble la sonotrode (8) et le fourreau (16) vers une position basse, on remplace la cavité traitée par une autre cavité à traiter, on déplace ensemble la sonotrode (8) et le fourreau (16) vers la position haute de grenaillage, et on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi (2C) de l'autre cavité à traiter.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that , after having blasted the wall (2C) of a cavity (2), the sonotrode (8) and the sheath (16) are moved together to a low position, the cavity treated by another cavity to be treated, the sonotrode (8) and the sheath (16) are moved together to the high shot blasting position, and the wall (2C) of the other cavity to be treated is ultrasonically blasted . Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que, après avoir grenaillé la paroi (2C) d'une cavité (2), on déplace la sonotrode (8) vers sa position intermédiaire dans le fourreau (16), on déplace ensemble la sonotrode (8) et le fourreau (16) vers une position basse, on remplace la cavité traitée par une autre cavité à traiter, on déplace ensemble la sonotrode (8) et le fourreau (16) vers la position haute de grenaillage, on déplace sensiblement verticalement la sonotrode par rapport au fourreau (16) afin que la surface vibrante (8A) obture l'embouchure (21) et on procède au grenaillage par ultrasons de la paroi (2C) de l'autre cavité à traiter.Method according to claim 2, characterized in that , after having blasted the wall (2C) of a cavity (2), the sonotrode (8) is moved to its intermediate position in the sheath (16), the sonotrode (8) and the sheath (16) towards a low position, the treated cavity is replaced by another cavity to be treated, the sonotrode (8) and the sheath (16) are moved together to the high shot blasting position, we move substantially vertically the sonotrode relative to the sheath (16) so that the vibrating surface (8A) closes the mouth (21) and we proceed with the blasting by ultrasound of the wall (2C) of the other cavity to be treated. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, destiné à traiter une pièce circulaire, une jante de rotor (1) par exemple comportant une pluralité de cavités axiales (2) formées à la périphérie de ladite jante de rotor (1) et présentant des portions de parois (2'C) qui divergent à partir de chaque embouchure, caractérisé par le fait que l'on fait tourner pas à pas la jante de rotor (1) autour de son axe de rotation (1A) disposée à l'horizontale de manière à amener successivement chaque cavité axiale (2) en regard de la sonotrode (8) après le traitement d'une cavité.Method according to any one of Claims 3 to 6, intended for treating a circular part, a rotor rim (1) for example comprising a plurality of axial cavities (2) formed at the periphery of said rotor rim (1) and having portions of walls (2′C) which diverge from each mouth, characterized in that the rotor rim (1) is rotated step by step around its axis of rotation (1A) disposed at the 'horizontal so as to bring successively each axial cavity (2) opposite the sonotrode (8) after the treatment of a cavity. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que l'on place un déflecteur (15) dans la cavité afin de favoriser le grenaillage des flancs internes de l'embouchure latérale (2A).Method according to claim 7, characterized in that a deflector (15) is placed in the cavity in order to promote the blasting of the internal sides of the lateral mouth (2A). Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que l'on utilise une dose de billes (10) dont le diamètre est supérieur à 0,8 mm.Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a dose of balls (10) is used whose diameter is greater than 0.8 mm. Installation pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte une sonotrode (8) disposée dans un fourreau (16) équipé de moyens d'obturation (14) susceptibles d'obturer les couvertures frontales (3) d'une cavité (2), ladite sonotrode (8) étant susceptible de projeter des billes (10) d'un diamètre déterminé dans un enceinte (12) délimitée par la paroi (2C) de la cavité (2), la surface vibrante (8A) de ladite sonotrode (8), le fourreau (16) et les moyens d'obturation (14) des moyens de production d'oscillations ultrasonores (18) susceptibles d'exciter ladite sonotrode (8), des premiers moyens (20) pour déplacer sensiblement verticalement ladite sonotrode (8), et des deuxièmes moyens (22) pour déplacer sensiblement verticalement ledit fourreau (16), un premier jeu (e1) inférieur au diamètre des billes (10) étant ménagé entre ladite sonotrode (8) et ledit fourreau (16). Installation for implementing the method according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a sonotrode (8) disposed in a sheath (16) equipped with closure means (14) capable of closing the front covers (3) of a cavity (2), said sonotrode (8) being capable of projecting balls (10) of a determined diameter in an enclosure (12) delimited by the wall (2C) of the cavity (2), the vibrating surface (8A) of said sonotrode (8), the sheath (16) and the means of shutter (14) means for producing ultrasonic oscillations (18) capable of exciting said sonotrode (8), first means (20) for moving said sonotrode (8) substantially vertically, and second means (22) for moving said sheath (16) substantially vertically, a first set (e1) smaller than the diameter of the balls (10) being formed between said sonotrode (8) and said sheath (16). Installation selon la revendication 10, caractérisée par le fait que un deuxième jeu (e2) inférieur au diamètre des billes (10) est ménagé entre la surface vibrante (8A) disposée dans l'embouchure de la cavité (2) et ladite embouchure (2A).Installation according to claim 10, characterized in that a second set (e2) smaller than the diameter of the balls (10) is formed between the vibrating surface (8A) disposed in the mouth of the cavity (2) and said mouth (2A ). Installation selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisée par le fait que un troisième jeu (e3) inférieur au diamètre des billes (10) est ménagé entre une extrémité (16A) du fourreau (16) et la pièce.Installation according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that a third set (e3) smaller than the diameter of the balls (10) is formed between one end (16A) of the sleeve (16) and the part. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisée par le fait que les deuxièmes moyens de déplacement (22) sont susceptibles de déplacer ensemble les moyens d'obturation (14) et la sonotrode (8).Installation according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the second displacement means (22) are capable of moving the closure means (14) and the sonotrode (8) together. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisée par le fait que les premiers moyens de déplacement (20) et les deuxièmes moyens de déplacement (22) sont aptes à être commandés simultanément.Installation according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the first displacement means (20) and the second displacement means (22) are capable of being controlled simultaneously. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte des moyens de support pour supporter au moins une pièce (1) à traiter et des moyens d'entraínement desdits moyens de support pour amener pas à pas une cavité (2) au-dessus de la sonotrode (8).Installation according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that it comprises support means for supporting at least one part (1) to be treated and means for driving said support means for bringing it step by step a cavity (2) above the sonotrode (8). Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 15, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comprend des moyens (28) pour chasser la dose de billes (10) de la surface vibrante (8A) vers un réservoir (32).Installation according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that it comprises means (28) for expelling the dose of balls (10) from the vibrating surface (8A) towards a reservoir (32).
    EP01402915A 2000-11-16 2001-11-14 Method and apparatus for ultrasonic peening of the blade root slots on a rotor Expired - Lifetime EP1207012B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR0014768 2000-11-16
    FR0014768A FR2816536B1 (en) 2000-11-16 2000-11-16 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ULTRASONIC SCRATCHING OF "AXIAL" ATTACHMENT ALVEOLS OF AUBES ON A ROTOR

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1207012A1 true EP1207012A1 (en) 2002-05-22
    EP1207012B1 EP1207012B1 (en) 2012-01-11

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    EP01402915A Expired - Lifetime EP1207012B1 (en) 2000-11-16 2001-11-14 Method and apparatus for ultrasonic peening of the blade root slots on a rotor

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    EP (1) EP1207012B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP3880039B2 (en)
    CA (1) CA2363313C (en)
    FR (1) FR2816536B1 (en)
    SG (1) SG104285A1 (en)

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    CA2363313A1 (en) 2002-05-16
    JP3880039B2 (en) 2007-02-14
    JP2002200563A (en) 2002-07-16
    SG104285A1 (en) 2004-06-21
    FR2816536A1 (en) 2002-05-17
    FR2816536B1 (en) 2003-01-17
    CA2363313C (en) 2005-11-08
    US6505489B2 (en) 2003-01-14
    EP1207012B1 (en) 2012-01-11
    US20020056304A1 (en) 2002-05-16

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