EP1203190A1 - Eisgenerator zur erzeugung einer wässrigen suspension aus eiskristallen - Google Patents
Eisgenerator zur erzeugung einer wässrigen suspension aus eiskristallenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1203190A1 EP1203190A1 EP00954378A EP00954378A EP1203190A1 EP 1203190 A1 EP1203190 A1 EP 1203190A1 EP 00954378 A EP00954378 A EP 00954378A EP 00954378 A EP00954378 A EP 00954378A EP 1203190 A1 EP1203190 A1 EP 1203190A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ice
- stripping
- tubes
- pipes
- generator according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C1/00—Producing ice
- F25C1/12—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs
- F25C1/14—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes
- F25C1/145—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes from the inner walls of cooled bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C2301/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice
- F25C2301/002—Producing ice slurries
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ice generator for producing an aqueous suspension from ice crystals.
- ice slurry an aqueous suspension of small ice crystals
- ice slurry offers particular advantages. Since this suspension is in a flowable state, ice slurry can be pumped through pipes like a liquid.
- this coolant has a high energy density due to the heat of fusion required for the phase transformation of the ice crystals into water. Ice slurry is therefore an ideal medium for the transport and distribution of cold.
- Exemplary fields of application of this medium are the air conditioning of buildings, the use in local cooling networks, the cooling of storage rooms and the cooling of production processes, for example in milk plants.
- the cooling or cooling systems used for cooling mainly consist of the ice generator or ice maker, an ice storage container, one
- vacuum ice generators are often used, which work at the triple point of the water.
- the water to be cooled or to be transformed into a water-ice suspension is expanded in vacuum ice makers to the pressure of the triple point prevailing there. Due to the expansion, part of the water evaporates and extracts heat from the system. As a result, finely divided ice crystals form in the water phase.
- the present invention is based on a further known method for producing ice slurry, the ice generators of which can be described by the generic term ice scraper.
- Ice scrapers generally consist of a heat exchanger through which evaporating refrigerant flows on one side and water or an aqueous medium as the coolant on the other side. Due to the heat removal by the evaporating refrigerant, ice crystals form on the heat exchanger surface, which are removed from the heat exchanger wall by a scratching or stripping mechanism. Here, the ice crystals accumulate in the water or aqueous medium and flow with it from the ice maker.
- the scraper mechanism can be implemented, for example, by rigid scratches or flexible wipers.
- the stripping mechanisms are driven from the outside, for example by an electric motor.
- Ice scrapers are essentially known in two designs.
- One of these designs is based on a double-tube heat exchanger.
- the liquid refrigerant is evaporated in the annular gap between the two pipes.
- the aqueous liquid is pumped through the inner tube and freezes on the cooled surface, where it forms ice crystals.
- the ice crystals are removed by rotating scrapers arranged in the inner tube and form an aqueous suspension with the flowing aqueous liquid.
- the rotating scrapers are driven by an electric motor.
- GB 2 232 469 describes an ice machine in the form of a double-tube container in which the aqueous medium is provided in the inner cylindrical volume and the refrigerant is provided in the outer casing.
- the ice is scraped off the inner wall with the help of a rotating rotor arrangement with lateral ice scrapers arranged along the axis.
- the rotor takes up a lot of space.
- tube bundle heat exchangers or evaporators are therefore generally used, as described, for example, in HL by Cube et al. , "Textbook of refrigeration technology", vol. 1, 4th edition, Müller Verlag Heidelberg, pp. 298-300.
- These consist of several parallel tubes for the aqueous coolant, which run in a container for the refrigerant.
- the aqueous liquid is fed in at the upper tube plate and forms a falling film on the inside of the tube.
- Tube bundle heat exchangers of this type have the advantage of a significantly larger heat exchanger surface area in comparison with double tube heat exchangers with a compact size. Due to the functional principle, however, the centrifugal rods must be made somewhat solid and, due to their eccentric drive, require additional space so that the pipes cannot fall below a certain minimum diameter. This prevents the use of very small inner tubes which are effective with regard to the ice-making capacity, so that the capacity of such ice-makers relating to the apparatus volume cannot be increased.
- GB 2 285 500 discloses an ice generator which has a heat exchanger with a plurality of tubes arranged in a container. With this ice generator, the aqueous coolant is in the container while the coolant flows through the pipes. This mode of operation causes the ice crystals to settle on the outer walls of the pipes. To strip off the ice crystals, a recurring lifting movement is applied to a plate-shaped stripping device which has openings for the tubes.
- the object of the present invention is an ice generator for producing an aqueous To provide a suspension of ice crystals, which enables high performance per construction volume.
- the ice generator should continue to be simple and inexpensive to implement.
- the ice generator according to the invention consists of a heat exchanger, preferably in the form of a tube bundle heat exchanger, with a plurality of tubes for an aqueous coolant, which run approximately linearly next to one another in a container for a refrigerant.
- a mechanism is also provided for removing ice deposited on inner walls of the tubes.
- the mechanism comprises stripping devices running in the tubes and a drive for the stripping devices.
- the stripping devices are formed according to the invention from stripping elements connected to one another along the tube axes, the circumference of which essentially corresponds to the inner circumference of the tubes and which have a central passage for the coolant, so that they only slightly impede the flow of the refrigerant through the tubes.
- the stripping devices are connected to the drive, which drives them for the recurring stroke movement along the tube axes.
- the stripping elements are designed in such a way that when they move along the tube axes with their outer boundaries they strip off ice formed on the inner wall of the tubes. For this it is necessary that the diameter of the stripping elements in the plane perpendicular to the pipe axis essentially corresponds to the diameter of the pipes. Of course, this condition does not have to be met exactly. Rather, there may be small gaps between the stripping elements and the inner tube wall, as long as the function of stripping ice crystals is still fulfilled.
- the adaptation of the circumference of the stripping elements to the inner circumference of the tubes here means that the stripping elements have the circumferential shape of the inner tube when viewed from above in the direction of the tube axis.
- the stripping elements also have a generous passage for the refrigerant so that it can flow through the pipe almost unhindered. It goes without saying that through the
- the lifting movement generated by the drive must produce a sufficiently large stroke so that a gap between individual stripping elements of the stripping devices is covered by the lifting movement.
- the stripping elements can have different mutual distances from one another along the tube axis, but are preferably arranged at equal distances from one another.
- the stripping devices have the shape of a helical spring, one turn of the helical spring corresponding to one stripping element.
- the material of the coil spring can be so rigid that it has no elasticity along the
- the helical spring can also be elastic, so that the stripping device device performs a natural vibration during the lifting movement.
- Such a stripping device designed in the form of a helical spring has the particular advantage of being easy to manufacture and optimally loading the inner tube wall with a small space requirement.
- the low material volume of the helical spring and the generous central passage prevent the coolant from flowing through the tube.
- the stroke movement is adapted to the pitch of the coil spring - or vice versa - so that only a small stroke is required for a low pitch.
- the use of a tube bundle heat exchanger ensures high ice production performance with a compact design.
- Evaporating refrigerant from a conventional condenser set flows through the jacket space.
- the tubes of the tube bundle are flowed through by the aqueous phase of the refrigerant.
- the coolant can consist of pure water or of water with additives of substances which lower the freezing point, as are known from the prior art.
- Due to the evaporation of the refrigerant an ice crystal layer forms in the tubes due to the heat removal, which is permanently removed by the stripping devices.
- In each pipe there is one of these stripping devices the outer diameter of which essentially corresponds to the inner pipe diameter.
- the ice adhering to the inner walls of the tube is stripped off by the movement of the stripping devices along the tube axes.
- the stripping devices preferably emerge from the inner tubes at the end of the tube bundle and are connected to a common drive plate.
- the pipes can be made even with a very small diameter. This means that ice generators with inner tube diameters of less than 10 mm can be operated without any problems.
- the possible reduction of the inner pipe diameter with the present invention compared to the prior art enables higher ice production capacities to be achieved.
- a higher ice production capacity per construction volume or size can thus be achieved.
- the reduction of the inner pipe diameter is made possible by the stripping mechanism which narrows the flow cross section only minimally.
- the design of the stripping mechanism for example by using a helical spring, can be implemented at comparatively low costs.
- Another advantage of the ice generator according to the invention is that the tubes do not necessarily have to have a circular cross section due to the stripping mechanism according to the invention, but that non-circular, such as angular or oval cross sections can also be provided to increase the surface-volume ratio.
- the stripping devices are not driven by an external drive, such as an electric motor, but by the pulsating flow of the refrigerant. This takes place via a plate provided in the flow of the coolant, which is mounted such that it can vibrate with respect to the pipe ends and is caused to vibrate by the pulsation of the flow. The vibration movement is transmitted directly to the stripping devices. As a result, the ice crystals are continuously stripped from the pipe wall and discharged with the flow. This technology not only saves a drive unit, but also increases the system's inherent safety, since the scraper mechanism automatically starts and stops with the flow through the ice maker. If the stripping devices are designed to be elastic in the longitudinal direction so that they can carry out natural vibrations, the natural vibrations of these stripping devices reinforce the drive vibrations.
- a pulsation of the flow for the drive of the stripping devices occurs when a displacement pump is used in the coolant circuit of the cooling network or the refrigeration system is generated automatically. If a centrifugal pump is used in the cooling network, the pulsation can be generated by pipe fittings that alternately release or close the pipe cross-section. These internals can be oscillating or rotating systems. The pipe internals can in turn be driven by the flow itself or from the outside, for example with an electric motor.
- Figure 1 schematically shows a first example of a
- Figure 2 schematically shows a second example of a stripping device of the ice generator according to the invention
- Figure 4 shows an example of an inventive
- FIG. 1 shows another example of an ice generator according to the invention with a pulsating drive in cross section.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of the
- the stripping device has the shape of a cylindrical helical spring, preferably made of a metal, which extends along the tube axis.
- the diameter of the coil spring corresponds exactly to the inside diameter of the pipe wall in this example.
- each stripping element of the stripping device 1 is formed by a full turn of the coil spring, so that the full inner circumference of the tube is covered by each individual stripping element. This form of the stripping device leaves the refrigerant enough space to flow through the tube, since it hardly reduces the tube cross-section.
- the drive for such a stripping device moves it back and forth along the tube axis with a stroke which corresponds at least to the pitch of the helical spring.
- the lifting movement is indicated in the figure by the arrow. This movement makes everyone in connection with the shape of the scraper
- the stripping elements of the stripping device 1 are designed as rings 3 which are connected to each other along the tube 2 via connecting elements 4 in the form of thin rods to form a cylindrical ring grid.
- the rings have the same circumference as the inner wall of the tube 2 and are arranged at equal distances from one another along the tube.
- the central opening of the rings leaves enough space for the refrigerant so that the tube diameters are not limited by the stripping devices 1 and can be chosen to be very small.
- the drive stroke corresponds at least to that
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show a top view of two embodiments for the possible configuration and arrangement of the tubes 2 of the tube bundle heat exchanger in the container 5 for the refrigerant.
- stripping devices such as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 can also be used, the helical spring (FIG. 1) or the annular stripping elements (FIG. 2) here having an appropriately adapted, not circular, but elliptical cross section.
- This embodiment is made possible in the present invention in that the stripping devices are not driven in rotation, but axially to the pipe guide. This allows realize any - also angular - pipe cross sections.
- the oval cross-section of the tubes shown in this example enables an overall larger tube inner surface compared to a circular cross-section and thus a larger ice-making capacity with the same size of the ice-generator.
- the possibility of freely designing the pipe cross section also allows the flow in the pipes 2 and in the jacket space 6 to be optimized.
- FIGS 4 and 5 finally show schematically two embodiments of an ice generator, in which the pulsating flow of the refrigerant is used as a drive.
- the tubes 2 and the scraper elements 1 can of course be designed as in the previous examples.
- the inlet 7 and the outlet 8 for the refrigerant evaporating in the jacket space 6 and the schematically indicated stripping devices 1 running in the tubes can be seen.
- the aqueous coolant flows through the tubes 2 in these examples through openings provided at the tube ends from left to right, as indicated by the arrows.
- the tube bundle heat exchanger is preferably stored in an upright position, with the aqueous phase flowing through it from bottom to top. hereby the ice discharge is supported with the flow by the buoyancy of the ice crystals.
- the stripping devices 1 emerge from the tubes at one end of the tube bundle and are fastened to a tube plate 9.
- the tube plate 9 is supported by means of springs 11 such that they can vibrate relative to the tubes 2. If there is a pulsating flow of the aqueous coolant entering the ice generator and the ice exiting the tubes
- the tube plate 9 is excited by the pulsation of the flow to vibrations, which are transferred to the stripping devices 1.
- the stroke generated in this way depends on the one hand on the flow properties and on the other hand on the design and the vibration properties of the base plate 9 and can be specifically adjusted by the latter.
- vibrating coil springs as wiping devices, the wiping effect is further enhanced.
- the ice crystals scraped off the tube wall in this way are discharged with the flow from the ice generator.
- the tube sheet plate 9 is provided with bores 10 which are aligned with the outlet openings of the tubes 2.
- the tube sheet plate 9 can, however, also be provided with non-aligned bores 10, as is shown by way of example in FIG. 5. At this
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19938044 | 1999-08-12 | ||
| DE19938044A DE19938044C1 (de) | 1999-08-12 | 1999-08-12 | Eisgenerator zur Erzeugung einer wäßrigen Suspension aus Eiskristallen |
| PCT/DE2000/002482 WO2001013052A1 (de) | 1999-08-12 | 2000-07-27 | Eisgenerator zur erzeugung einer wässrigen suspension aus eiskristallen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1203190A1 true EP1203190A1 (de) | 2002-05-08 |
| EP1203190B1 EP1203190B1 (de) | 2004-03-03 |
Family
ID=7918046
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00954378A Expired - Lifetime EP1203190B1 (de) | 1999-08-12 | 2000-07-27 | Eisgenerator zur erzeugung einer wässrigen suspension aus eiskristallen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1203190B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE261095T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19938044C1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001013052A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10053633B4 (de) * | 2000-10-28 | 2004-09-30 | Bernd Henting | Anlage zum Herstellen von pumpfähigem Eis für industrielle Verwendungszwecke |
| GB0605608D0 (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2006-04-26 | Scottish & Newcastle Plc | Systems and method for dispensing a cooled beverage |
| DE102012104429B4 (de) | 2012-05-23 | 2017-07-20 | Hubert Langheinz Kältetechnik | Binäreisherstellungsvorrichtung und Verfahren hierzu |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2066431A (en) * | 1935-02-02 | 1937-01-05 | Reconstruction Finance Corp | Ice making apparatus |
| US3328972A (en) * | 1966-08-09 | 1967-07-04 | Struthers Scientific Int Corp | Concentration of extracts by freezing |
| GB2232469A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-12-12 | Unilever Plc | Ice-making apparatus and method |
| US5363660A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1994-11-15 | Y. T. Li Engineering, Inc. | Orbital type freezing apparatus and method |
| FR2709817B1 (fr) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-10-20 | Thermique Generale Vinicole | Dispositif d'échange de chaleur intégrant des moyens d'enlèvement d'une phase solide. |
| DE4341024C1 (de) * | 1993-12-02 | 1994-12-15 | Waermetechnik Gmbh | Anlage für die Temperaturkonditionierung eines bergbaulichen Untertagebetriebes |
| DE29604027U1 (de) * | 1996-03-05 | 1996-05-02 | INTEGRAL Energietechnik GmbH, 24941 Flensburg | Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen einer wässrigen Suspension aus kleinen Eiskristallen |
-
1999
- 1999-08-12 DE DE19938044A patent/DE19938044C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-07-27 EP EP00954378A patent/EP1203190B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-27 DE DE50005538T patent/DE50005538D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-27 WO PCT/DE2000/002482 patent/WO2001013052A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2000-07-27 AT AT00954378T patent/ATE261095T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0113052A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE261095T1 (de) | 2004-03-15 |
| EP1203190B1 (de) | 2004-03-03 |
| DE19938044C1 (de) | 2000-10-05 |
| WO2001013052A1 (de) | 2001-02-22 |
| DE50005538D1 (de) | 2004-04-08 |
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