EP1185467B1 - Dispenser fitted with an outer frame - Google Patents
Dispenser fitted with an outer frame Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1185467B1 EP1185467B1 EP00927351A EP00927351A EP1185467B1 EP 1185467 B1 EP1185467 B1 EP 1185467B1 EP 00927351 A EP00927351 A EP 00927351A EP 00927351 A EP00927351 A EP 00927351A EP 1185467 B1 EP1185467 B1 EP 1185467B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- profile
- fluid dispenser
- neck
- dispenser according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
- B65D83/16—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant characterised by the actuating means
- B65D83/20—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant characterised by the actuating means operated by manual action, e.g. button-type actuator or actuator caps
- B65D83/205—Actuator caps, or peripheral actuator skirts, attachable to the aerosol container
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluid dispenser according to the preamble of claim 1 comprising a dispensing member, such as a pump or a valve, a container forming a neck on which the pump or the valve is mounted by means of a metal fixing member.
- a dispensing member such as a pump or a valve
- a container forming a neck on which the pump or the valve is mounted by means of a metal fixing member.
- Document DE-20 02 416 describes an aerosol comprising a metal can forming a neck in which a valve is mounted by means of a fixing ring. A hood is mounted on the aerosol by cooperating with an intermediate ring mounted on the fixing ring.
- the aerosol described comprises a head valve actuator which is fixed on an intermediate ring mounted on the ring fixing the valve.
- the dispenser includes a cover band mounted so as to at least partially mask the pump or the valve and the fixing member.
- dispensers are used in particular in the perfume industry or cosmetics for the distribution of creams or perfumes.
- the covering fret can then have an attractive aesthetic shape coordinated with that of the container.
- Such dispensers generally include a pump which is fixed on the neck of the container using a metal ring in which the pump is crimped.
- the ring is additionally provided with a threaded sleeve for fixing by screwing on the neck of the container.
- This ring additional generally has an external latching profile intended to cooperate with the internal wall of the covering hoop which may preferably be provided with a additional snap-on profile.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback of the prior art by defining a fluid dispenser, the covering band of which is mounted perfectly fixed and stable on a metal fixing ring.
- the present invention proposes that the covering hoop be mounted on a plastic ring molded onto the metal fixing member.
- the problem of lack of stability of the covering band which comes from metal-metal contact between the metal fixing ring and the additional metal ring is here resolved by the use of a sunnoulée plastic ring which acts more or less as an interface flexible between the metal fixing ring and the cover band.
- the plastic ring matches faithfully the outer profile of the fixing ring so that there can be no clearance between the plastic ring and the fixing ring.
- the ring includes a threaded sleeve engaged with an external thread formed on the neck of the container, the ring plastic being formed on said threaded sleeve.
- the fixing ring in case the fixing ring is screwed onto the container neck, it has a threaded sleeve with an external surface corrugated device which corresponds to the negative of the internal thread.
- the plastic ring overmolded then conforms perfectly to the profile of the corrugated surface of the sleeve, which further increases the adhesion of the ring on the sleeve.
- the plastic ring has a profile which protrudes radially outwards.
- the fret covering includes an internal snap-in profile which cooperates by snap-fastening with the profile of the plastic ring.
- the profile of the hoop is engaged in below the profile of the ring, the hoop coming to bear with its lower end on the recipient.
- the covering hoop comprises a window by which the distribution of fluid product is made, advantageously, through a spray nozzle.
- the single figure shown a cross-sectional view through a fluid dispenser according to the invention.
- the fluid dispenser shown in the single figure includes a container 1 provided with a neck 20 formed with an external thread 21.
- a pump or a valve 1 is mounted on the neck 20 by means of a fixing member 3 which is present here in the form of a metal fixing ring.
- the fixing ring 3 has a crimping housing 31 in which the body of the pump or of the valve 1 is received fixedly. Below the crimping housing 31, the fixing ring 3 forms a shoulder 32 used to support a seal 6 on the upper end of the neck 20. Below the shoulder 32, the fixing ring 3 forms a socket to be screwed 33 with a thread intended to cooperate by screwing with the external thread 21 of the neck 20.
- the pump or the valve 1 received in the crimping housing 31 can be fixed on the neck 20 of the container by screwing the sleeve 33 onto the threaded neck 20 of the container.
- the metal fixing ring 3 is provided with a ring plastic 4 which is here formed at the level of the screw-on socket 33.
- the ring plastic 4 is formed on the sleeve 33 by an overmolding technique consisting of mold the plastic ring 4 directly onto the metal fixing ring 3.
- the adhesion of the ring 4 on the socket 3 is all the more improved thanks to the technique of overmolding that the ring conforms perfectly to the profile of the corrugated surface of the socket.
- the connection between the plastic ring and the fixing ring is therefore certainly without play.
- the plastic ring 4 is provided on its outer periphery with a profile latching 42 which projects outwards.
- a covering hoop 5 which is presented here in the form of a single cylinder, is mounted so as to at least partially mask the distribution 1 and the fixing ring provided with its plastic ring.
- a snap-fitting profile 52 is provided which projects towards the interior and which cooperates with the corresponding snap-on profile 42 formed by the plastic ring 4. More specifically, the latching profile 52 of the covering hoop 5 engages below the snap profile 42 of the ring 4 with the end lower of the covering hoop 5 bearing on the container 2.
- the hoop covering 5 can be made of a plastic material ensuring perfect stability on the plastic ring 4 which is molded on the sleeve 33 of the fixing ring metallic 3. Thus, the covering band 5 is mounted in a perfectly stable manner.
- the covering band 5 can have any original or aesthetic shape, and can for example be provided with a window 51 in which a nozzle of a pusher 11 mounted on the actuating rod of the pump or valve can be positioned.
- the cover hoop 5 is open at its upper end and it is then sufficient to press the pusher 11 for distributing a spray of sprayed product through the window 51.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un distributeur de produit fluide selon le préambule de la revendication 1 comprenant un
organe de distribution, tel qu'une pompe ou une valve, un récipient formant un col sur
lequel la pompe ou la valve est montée au moyen d'un organe de fixation métallique.The present invention relates to a fluid dispenser according to the preamble of
Le document DE-20 02 416 décrit un aérosol comprenant un bidon métallique formant un col dans lequel une valve est montée au moyen d'une bague de fixation. Un capot est monté sur l'aérosol en coopérant avec une bague intermédiaire montée sur la bague de fixation.Document DE-20 02 416 describes an aerosol comprising a metal can forming a neck in which a valve is mounted by means of a fixing ring. A hood is mounted on the aerosol by cooperating with an intermediate ring mounted on the fixing ring.
Dans le document DE-25 02 903 (correspondant an préambule de la revendication 1), l'aérosol décrit comprend une tête d'actionnement de valve qui est fixée sur une bague intermédiaire montée sur la bague de fixation de la valve.In document DE-25 02 903 (corresponding to the preamble of claim 1), the aerosol described comprises a head valve actuator which is fixed on an intermediate ring mounted on the ring fixing the valve.
Dans certains cas, le distributeur comprend une frette d'habillage montée de manière à masquer au moins partiellement la pompe ou la valve et l'organe de fixation.In some cases, the dispenser includes a cover band mounted so as to at least partially mask the pump or the valve and the fixing member.
Ce genre de distributeur est notamment utilisé dans le domaine de la parfumerie ou de la cosmétique pour la distribution de crèmes ou de parfum. La frette d'habillage peut alors présenter une forme esthétique attrayante coordonnée avec celle du récipient. De tels distributeurs comprennent en général une pompe qui est fixée sur le col du récipient à l'aide d'une bague métallique dans laquelle la pompe est sertie. La bague est en outre dotée d'une douille filetée pour réaliser une fixation par vissage sur le col du récipient.This type of dispenser is used in particular in the perfume industry or cosmetics for the distribution of creams or perfumes. The covering fret can then have an attractive aesthetic shape coordinated with that of the container. Such dispensers generally include a pump which is fixed on the neck of the container using a metal ring in which the pump is crimped. The ring is additionally provided with a threaded sleeve for fixing by screwing on the neck of the container.
Etant donné qu'il est pratiquement impossible de monter de manière stable la frette d'habillage sur une telle bague métallique, on utilise dans l'art antérieur, une bague métallique additionnelle montée sur la bague de fixation. Cette bague additionnelle présente en général un profil extérieur d'encliquetage destiné à coopérer avec la paroi interne de la frette d'habillage qui peut de préférence être pourvue d'un profil d'encliquetage complémentaire.Since it is practically impossible to mount stably the cover band on such a metal ring, in the prior art, a additional metal ring mounted on the fixing ring. This ring additional generally has an external latching profile intended to cooperate with the internal wall of the covering hoop which may preferably be provided with a additional snap-on profile.
On a remarqué que le montage d'une frette d'habillage sur une telle bague métallique additionnelle montée sur la bague de fixation métallique ne présente pas une stabilité suffisante de sorte que la frette d'habillage est quelque peu instable ou présente du jeu. We noticed that the fitting of a covering hoop on such a ring additional metal mounted on the metal fixing ring does not have a sufficient stability so that the cover band is somewhat unstable or present Game.
La présente invention a pour but de remédier à cet inconvénient de l'art antérieur en définissant un distributeur de produit fluide dont la frette d'habillage est montée de manière parfaitement fixe et stable sur une bague de fixation métallique.The object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback of the prior art by defining a fluid dispenser, the covering band of which is mounted perfectly fixed and stable on a metal fixing ring.
Pour ce faire, la présente invention propose que la frette d'habillage soit montée sur une bague plastique surmoulée sur l'organe de fixation métallique. Le problème de manque de stabilité de la frette d'habillage qui provient du contact métal-métal entre la bague de fixation métallique et la bague additionnelle métallique est ici résolu par l'utilisation d'une bague plastique sunnoulée qui joue le rôle d'interface plus ou moins souple entre la bague de fixation métallique et la frette d'habillage. En utilisant cette technique particulière de surmoulage, on s'assure que la bague plastique épouse fidèlement le profil extérieur de la bague de fixation de sorte qu'il ne peut y avoir aucun jeu entre la bague plastique et la bague de fixation. De préférence, la bague comprend une douille filetée en prise avec un filetage externe formé sur le col du récipient, la bague plastique étant formée sur ladite douille filetée. Et dans le cas où la bague de fixation est vissée sur le col du récipient, elle présente une douille filetée avec une surface externe périphérique ondulée qui correspond au négatif du filetage interne. La bague plastique surmoulée se conforme alors parfaitement au profil de la surface ondulée de la douille, ce qui accroít encore davantage l'adhérence de la bague sur la douille.To do this, the present invention proposes that the covering hoop be mounted on a plastic ring molded onto the metal fixing member. The problem of lack of stability of the covering band which comes from metal-metal contact between the metal fixing ring and the additional metal ring is here resolved by the use of a sunnoulée plastic ring which acts more or less as an interface flexible between the metal fixing ring and the cover band. Using this particular overmolding technique, we make sure that the plastic ring matches faithfully the outer profile of the fixing ring so that there can be no clearance between the plastic ring and the fixing ring. Preferably, the ring includes a threaded sleeve engaged with an external thread formed on the neck of the container, the ring plastic being formed on said threaded sleeve. And in case the fixing ring is screwed onto the container neck, it has a threaded sleeve with an external surface corrugated device which corresponds to the negative of the internal thread. The plastic ring overmolded then conforms perfectly to the profile of the corrugated surface of the sleeve, which further increases the adhesion of the ring on the sleeve.
Selon une autre caractéristique, la bague plastique comporte un profil d'encliquetage qui fait saillie radialement vers l'extérieur. D'autre part, la frette d'habillage comprend un profil d'encliquetage intérieur qui coopère par encliquetage avec le profil de la bague plastique. De préférence, le profil de la frette est engagé en dessous du profil de la bague, la frette venant en appui avec son extrémité inférieure sur le récipient.According to another characteristic, the plastic ring has a profile which protrudes radially outwards. On the other hand, the fret covering includes an internal snap-in profile which cooperates by snap-fastening with the profile of the plastic ring. Preferably, the profile of the hoop is engaged in below the profile of the ring, the hoop coming to bear with its lower end on the recipient.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, la frette d'habillage comprend une fenêtre par laquelle la distribution de produit fluide est faite, avantageusement, à travers un gicleur de pulvérisation.According to another aspect of the invention, the covering hoop comprises a window by which the distribution of fluid product is made, advantageously, through a spray nozzle.
L'invention sera maintenant plus amplement décrite en référence au dessin joint, donnant à titre d'exemple non limitatif un mode de réalisation de l'invention.The invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawing, giving by way of nonlimiting example an embodiment of the invention.
La figure unique représenté une vue en section transversale à travers un distributeur de produit fluide selon l'invention.The single figure shown a cross-sectional view through a fluid dispenser according to the invention.
Le distributeur de produit fluide représenté sur la figure unique comprend un
récipient 1 pourvu d'un col 20 formé avec un filetage externe 21. Une pompe ou une
valve 1 est montée sur le col 20 au moyen d'un organe de fixation 3 qui se présente ici
sous la forme d'une bague de fixation métallique. La bague de fixation 3 comporte un
logement de sertissage 31 dans lequel le corps de la pompe ou de la valve 1 est reçu
fixement. En dessous du logement de sertissage 31, la bague de fixation 3 forme un
épaulement 32 servant à appuyer un joint d'étanchéité 6 sur l'extrémité supérieure du
col 20. En dessous de l'épaulement 32, la bague de fixation 3 forme une douille à visser
33 avec un filetage destiné à coopérer par vissage avec le filetage externe 21 du col 20.
Ainsi, la pompe ou la valve 1 reçue dans le logement de sertissage 31 peut être fixée sur
le col 20 du récipient par vissage de la douille 33 sur le col fileté 20 du récipient.The fluid dispenser shown in the single figure includes a
Selon l'invention, la bague de fixation métallique 3 est pourvue d'une bague
plastique 4 qui est ici formée au niveau de la douille à visser 33. De préférence, la bague
plastique 4 est formée sur la douille 33 par une technique de surmoulage consistant à
mouler directement la bague plastique 4 sur la bague de fixation métallique 3. Etant
donné que la surface extérieure de la douille 33 présente des ondulations correspondant
au filetage interne destiné à coopérer avec le col fileté 20 du récipient 2, l'adhérence de
la bague 4 sur la douille 3 est d'autant plus améliorée grâce à la technique de
surmoulage que la bague se conforme parfaitement au profil de la surface ondulée de la
douille. La liaison entre la bague plastique et la bague de fixation est donc assurément
sans jeu.According to the invention, the
La bague plastique 4 est pourvue sur sa périphérie extérieure d'un profil
d'encliquetage 42 qui fait saillie vers l'extérieur.The
Selon l'invention, une frette d'habillage 5, qui se présente ici sous la forme d'un
simple cylindre, est montée de manière à masquer au moins partiellement l'organe de
distribution 1 et la bague de fixation pourvue de sa bague plastique. Pour la fixation de
la frette d'habillage 5, il est prévu un profil d'encliquetage 52 qui fait saillie vers
l'intérieur et qui coopère avec le profil d'encliquetage correspondant 42 formé par la
bague plastique 4. Plus précisément, le profil d'encliquetage 52 de la frette d'habillage 5
vient en prise en dessous du profil d'encliquetage 42 de la bague 4 avec l'extrémité
inférieure de la frette d'habillage 5 venant en appui sur le récipient 2. La frette
d'habillage 5 peut être réalisée en un matériau plastique assurant une parfaite stabilité
sur la bagué plastique 4 qui, elle, est surmoulée sur la douille 33 de la bague de fixation
métallique 3. Ainsi, la frette d'habillage 5 est montée de manière parfaitement stable. According to the invention, a
La frette d'habillage 5 peut présenter toute forme originale ou esthétique, et peut
par exemple être pourvue d'une fenêtre 51 dans laquelle un gicleur d'un poussoir 11
monté sur la tige d'actionnement de la pompe ou de la valve peut être positionné. La
frette d'habillage 5 est ouverte à son extrémité supérieure et il suffit alors d'appuyer sur
le poussoir 11 pour distribuer un jet de produit pulvérisé à travers la fenêtre 51.The covering
Claims (7)
- A fluid dispenser comprising a dispensing member (1), such as a pump or a valve, a receptacle (2) provided with a neck (20), a metal fixing member (3) co-operating with said neck (20) to fix said dispensing member (1) in said neck (20), and a trim band (5) mounted to mask the dispensing member and the fixing member at least in part, the trim band (5) being mounted on a plastics ring (4) formed around the metal fixing member (3), said fluid dispenser being characterized in that the plastics ring (4) is overmolded onto the metal fixing member.
- A fluid dispenser according to claim 1, in which the plastics ring (4) is provided with a snap-fastening profile (42) which projects radially outwards.
- A fluid dispenser according to claim 2, in which the trim band is provided with an inside snap-fastening profile (52) which co-operates by snap-fastening with the profile (42) of the plastics ring (4).
- A fluid dispenser according to claim 2 or 3, in which the profile (52) of the band (5) is engaged under the profile (42) of the ring (4), the band coming into 'abutment via its bottom end against the receptacle (1).
- A fluid dispenser according to any preceding claim, in which the fixing member (3) includes a threaded sleeve (33) engaged with an outside thread formed on the neck (20) of the receptacle, the plastics ring being formed on said threaded sleeve (33).
- A fluid dispenser according to claim 5, in which the threaded sleeve (32) has an undulating outside peripheral surface, said ring fitting snugly on the profile of said undulating surface of the sleeve.
- A fluid dispenser according to any preceding claim, in which the trim band is provided with a window (51) via which the fluid is dispensed, advantageously via a spray nozzle (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9906195 | 1999-05-17 | ||
FR9906195A FR2793779B1 (en) | 1999-05-17 | 1999-05-17 | COVER FREIGHT DISPENSER |
PCT/FR2000/001319 WO2000069754A1 (en) | 1999-05-17 | 2000-05-17 | Dispenser fitted with an outer frame |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1185467A1 EP1185467A1 (en) | 2002-03-13 |
EP1185467B1 true EP1185467B1 (en) | 2003-08-06 |
Family
ID=9545624
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00927351A Expired - Lifetime EP1185467B1 (en) | 1999-05-17 | 2000-05-17 | Dispenser fitted with an outer frame |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6588629B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1185467B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60004358T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2202123T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2793779B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000069754A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3099331U (en) * | 2000-06-10 | 2004-04-02 | ウエラ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | container |
FR2857341B1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-10-14 | Valois Sas | HEAD OF DISTRIBUTION OF FLUID PRODUCT |
FR2867757B1 (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2006-05-19 | Rexam Dispensing Sys | DEVICE FOR DRESSING A LIQUID PRODUCT DELIVERY DEVICE |
US7134577B1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2006-11-14 | Satish Verma | Plastic lined metallic liquid dispenser |
US7651009B2 (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2010-01-26 | Warner Lambert Company Llc | Liquid dispensing device |
CA2678192C (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2013-10-15 | Poly-D, Llc | Container having a secondary reservoir for metered dosing of additives |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2870943A (en) * | 1957-03-04 | 1959-01-27 | Cook Chemical Company | Pump-type liquid sprayer having hold-down cap |
GB913103A (en) * | 1959-07-08 | 1962-12-19 | Speciality Valves Ltd | Improvements in or relating to pressurised dispensing containers |
US3185349A (en) * | 1961-12-26 | 1965-05-25 | Valve Corp Of America | Aerosol dispenser and cap construction therefor |
US3149761A (en) * | 1962-09-18 | 1964-09-22 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Valve actuating assembly for pressurized containers |
US3306497A (en) * | 1965-03-18 | 1967-02-28 | Valve Corp Of America | Actuator cap for dispensers |
GB1109829A (en) * | 1966-07-15 | 1968-04-18 | Aerosol Inv S & Dev S A A I D | Tamper-proof actuator for hand-held dispensers |
US3462045A (en) * | 1967-11-06 | 1969-08-19 | Isral J Markowitz | Safety aerosol cover cap |
FR1557484A (en) * | 1968-03-27 | 1969-02-14 | ||
US3690519A (en) * | 1969-01-24 | 1972-09-12 | Victor Wassilieff | Closures for containers |
ES209195Y (en) * | 1974-02-19 | 1976-09-01 | Aerosol Inventions And Development, S. A., Aid Sa. | SPRAY HEAD FOR AEROSOL CONTAINER VALVE. |
US4467930A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1984-08-28 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Overmolded closure seal |
US4676407A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1987-06-30 | Risdon Corporation | Mounting cap with extended sleeve |
FR2694510B1 (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1994-10-07 | Step Soc Tech Pulverisation | Distributor for fluid products and its manufacturing process. |
US5657905A (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1997-08-19 | Ideal Ideas, Inc. | Child resistant safety cap with collar and semi-flexible tether for sprayers |
US5509580A (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1996-04-23 | Ideal Ideas, Inc. | Child resistant cap for sprayers |
-
1999
- 1999-05-17 FR FR9906195A patent/FR2793779B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-05-17 WO PCT/FR2000/001319 patent/WO2000069754A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-05-17 US US09/979,118 patent/US6588629B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-17 DE DE60004358T patent/DE60004358T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-17 ES ES00927351T patent/ES2202123T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-17 EP EP00927351A patent/EP1185467B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2793779B1 (en) | 2001-08-03 |
ES2202123T3 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
EP1185467A1 (en) | 2002-03-13 |
WO2000069754A1 (en) | 2000-11-23 |
US6588629B1 (en) | 2003-07-08 |
DE60004358D1 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
FR2793779A1 (en) | 2000-11-24 |
DE60004358T2 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
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