EP1184930A1 - Filtre en guide d'ondes à surface sélective en fréquence - Google Patents

Filtre en guide d'ondes à surface sélective en fréquence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1184930A1
EP1184930A1 EP00118658A EP00118658A EP1184930A1 EP 1184930 A1 EP1184930 A1 EP 1184930A1 EP 00118658 A EP00118658 A EP 00118658A EP 00118658 A EP00118658 A EP 00118658A EP 1184930 A1 EP1184930 A1 EP 1184930A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
waveguide filter
elements
frequency selective
filter according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00118658A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1184930B1 (fr
Inventor
Yuet-Yee Chan Amiee
Bezuidenhout Petrus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Norsat International Inc
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Norsat International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsat International Inc filed Critical Norsat International Inc
Priority to ES00118658T priority Critical patent/ES2296589T3/es
Priority to EP00118658A priority patent/EP1184930B1/fr
Priority to DE60037247T priority patent/DE60037247T2/de
Priority to AT00118658T priority patent/ATE379852T1/de
Publication of EP1184930A1 publication Critical patent/EP1184930A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1184930B1 publication Critical patent/EP1184930B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced with unbalanced lines or devices
    • H01P5/107—Hollow-waveguide/strip-line transitions

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the separation of different wavelengths of electromagnetic waves. More specifically, the invention relates to the separation of electromagnetic waves utilizing a two-dimensional frequency selective surface.
  • Microwave energy can be propagated in a number of different modes, and in a number of physical structures.
  • waveguides are commonly employed for the transmission of electromagnetic energy. Waveguides offer very low loss to the passage of such waves, and further, confine the energy within the waveguide.
  • the microwave energy propagated through a waveguide can exist at any arbitrary frequency or spectrum of frequencies. In general, only specific frequencies from the spectrum are utilized. Therefore, waveguide filters are commonly placed in the waveguide to separate the broad spectrum of microwave frequencies into specific frequencies.
  • Waveguide filters are commonly constructed using microstrip circuits.
  • the microstrip circuits consist of a thin-film circuit deposited on a substrate. It is frequently necessary to provide a transition between electromagnetic waves existing on a microstrip substrate, typically in the transverse electromagnetic mode, and electromagnetic waves in a waveguide. In practical transitions, it is commonly necessary to select specific frequencies, and to separate these from a broad spectrum of microwave frequencies.
  • Various types of filters are used to accomplish this separation.
  • Such filters can be in the form of waveguide filters, located within the waveguide, or can be in the form of microstrip structures, located on the microstrip substrate, external to the waveguide.
  • Waveguide filters as previously referenced, are physically large, and their use is restricted to those applications where small size is not a required parameter.
  • microstrip filters consist of planar conductive elements, which simulate inductors, capacitors, and resonant elements. These require a considerable area of the microstrip substrate. Further, a problem can arise when said microstrip filters are employed to filter electromagnetic energy entering the microstrip substrate from the waveguide. Microwave energy outside of the frequency band of interest can propagate in the microstrip circuitry, and cause unwanted effects.
  • It is an object of this invention is to provide a means for separating defined frequencies of electromagnetic energy, by means of a two-dimensional film located transversely in a waveguide structure.
  • the waveguide filter of this invention consists of a frequency selective surface having an array of conductor elements.
  • the array of conductor elements is formed by a repeating geometric pattern.
  • the repeating geometric pattern may be a multiplicity of open loop, crosses or grids.
  • the arrangement of the repeating geometric pattern results in the formation of a number of inductive and capacitive elements.
  • the interaction of these elements offers little opposition to certain frequencies while blocking or attenuating other frequencies.
  • the determination of the frequencies are allowed to pass through the filter and those that are opposed is a result of the width and spacing of the inductive and capacitive elements within the repeating geometric pattern.
  • the waveguide and thus the waveguide filter may have any cross-sectional shape including square, rectangular and circular.
  • the waveguide signal enters the waveguide at one end, in a transverse mode known as the TE 1,0 mode.
  • the signal is propagated at low loss in a longitudinal direction within the waveguide.
  • Transversely located within the waveguide is a thin metallic foil which contains the filter elements in the form of discrete open loops. These elements consist of mathematically defined shapes, which represent filter elements realized in a two-dimensional form. Electromagnetic waves of specified frequencies pass through this foil unimpeded, whereas others are reflected by the filter elements. The waves which are selected and transmitted through the film continue to be propagated longitudinally along the waveguide.
  • An alternate embodiment utilizes a waveguide having a circular cross-section.
  • the frequency selective surfaces are in the form of concentric circles, and the frequency determining elements on the frequency selective surface may be in the form of concentric circular sections.
  • multiple waveguide filters are employed, longitudinally deployed along a waveguide. The separation between such surfaces is determined by the wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum to be transmitted or reflected.
  • the waveguide filter is combined with a planar stub for the purpose of providing efficient coupling between said frequency selective surface and external microstrip circuitry.
  • a section of a rectangular waveguide 10 is shown having a waveguide filter 11 inserted within.
  • the waveguide filter 11 may have any arbitrary pattern, so chosen as to perform the desired filtering action.
  • the frequency selective surface consists of a two-dimensional pattern produced on a metallic film where specific portions 24 of the metallic film have been removed.
  • the two-dimensional pattern produced on the metallic film consists of an array of outer conductor elements 14 and inner conductor elements 16 .
  • the outer and inner conductors elements 14 and 16 respectively, are formed from an electrically conductive metal.
  • the conductive metal may be copper, gold, platinum or any material capable of conducting electricity.
  • the outer conductor elements 14 and inner conductor elements 16 may be formed by the selective etching of a thin metallic foil.
  • the outer conductive elements 14 each consist of a discrete open center loops.
  • each outer conductive element 14 begins and terminates on the inner surface of the waveguide 10 .
  • the outer conductive elements 14 are arranged such that the inner walls of the waveguide 10 act as reflective surfaces for the electromagnetic energy impinging on these walls.
  • the outer conductive elements 14 form a symmetric, repeating pattern that may be repeated any number of replications required to perform a specific application.
  • the inner conductive elements 16 are arranged in a periodic array.
  • the portions 18 of the inner conductive elements 16 that are parallel to the electric field component within the waveguide acts as an inductive element (the direction of the electric field component is indicated by arrow A of Fig. 1 ).
  • the inductive elements created within the waveguide is functionally similar to inductor 27 (L1), in the discrete element equivalent circuit 26 .
  • This capacitive element is functionally similar to capacitor 30 (C), as shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the portions of the outer conductive elements 14 that are parallel to the electric field component within the waveguide are functionally similar to inductor 28 (L2), also shown in Fig. 3 .
  • an alternate embodiment of the waveguide filter of this invention is depicted as having a circular frequency selective surface.
  • the frequency selective surface is formed by the selective etching of a thin metallic foil yielding conductor elements 36 and 38 .
  • the resulting circular waveguide filter 34 is utilized within a cylindrical waveguide 32 .
  • multiple waveguide filters 42, 44 and 46 is shown deployed in a section of waveguide 40 , where the waveguide has a rectangular cross-section.
  • the use of multiple circular waveguide filters may also be deployed within a cylindrical waveguide.
  • a waveguide filter 50 has been combined with a waveguide 48 to microstrip (not shown) transition.
  • the integrated waveguide filter 50 and microstrip to waveguide 48 transition can be seen to consist of a rectangular waveguide 48 into which a waveguide filter 50 is transversally inserted.
  • An exit port 54 is located in the wall of the waveguide 48 to enable a coupling stub 52 to be coupled to external microstrip circuitry.
  • the waveguide filter 50 consists of a frequency selective surface formed from a dielectric substrate coated with an electrically conductive metallic film. Specific portions of the metallic film have been removed to form the circuit elements.
  • the residual metallic film consists of an array of frequency selective surface filtering elements 34 and a coupling stub 32 .
  • the filtering elements 34 consist of a multiplicity of discrete open center square loops. The sizes of these loops are mathematically determined from the frequencies to be reflected or transmitted. While this invention is not limited to any one pattern, a specific pattern is shown in order to explain the functioning of the invention.
  • the microstrip to waveguide transition is accomplished by means of a stub 32 , which is centrally located with respect to the long dimension of the planar circuit 31 .
  • the dimensions of the stub 32 are determined by the impedance of the connecting microstrip circuit external to the waveguide 30 , and the dimensions of the waveguide 30 .
  • the dimensions of the stub 32 can be varied, or impedance matching circuitry can be employed on the external microstrip circuit.
  • the planar circuit 31 is located one-quarter of one electrical wavelength away from the short-circuited end 35 of the waveguide 30 . This ensures that the stub 32 is located at a point of maximum electric field strength.
  • the performance of the integrated microstrip to waveguide transition and filter can be seen to consist of a pass-band, in which efficient and symmetrical transmission exists between the waveguide 48 and the external microstrip circuit. Also, the filtering action is demonstrated by the attenuation at either extremity of the band pass portion.
  • This invention shall not be limited to the filtering and coupling characteristics illustrated in Fig. 7. Said characteristics are illustrative of one chosen implementation only, to illustrate by means of example, the results obtainable by means of this invention.
  • the waveguide used throughout this invention may be of any desired cross-sectional design according to the knowledge of those skilled in the art and operate in conventional fashion to achieve the intended result. Furthermore, the waveguide will have a design corresponding to the cross-section design of the waveguide.
EP00118658A 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Filtre en guide d'ondes à surface sélective en fréquence Expired - Lifetime EP1184930B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES00118658T ES2296589T3 (es) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Filtro de guia de ondas con una superficie selectiva de frecuencia.
EP00118658A EP1184930B1 (fr) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Filtre en guide d'ondes à surface sélective en fréquence
DE60037247T DE60037247T2 (de) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Hohlleiterfilter mit frequenzselektiver Oberfläche
AT00118658T ATE379852T1 (de) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Hohlleiterfilter mit frequenzselektiver oberfläche

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00118658A EP1184930B1 (fr) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Filtre en guide d'ondes à surface sélective en fréquence

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1184930A1 true EP1184930A1 (fr) 2002-03-06
EP1184930B1 EP1184930B1 (fr) 2007-11-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00118658A Expired - Lifetime EP1184930B1 (fr) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Filtre en guide d'ondes à surface sélective en fréquence

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1184930B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE379852T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60037247T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2296589T3 (fr)

Cited By (165)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2261028A1 (es) * 2004-08-20 2006-11-01 Universidad Publica De Navarra Filtro y superficies selectivas en frecuencia.
CN102903998A (zh) * 2011-07-29 2013-01-30 深圳光启高等理工研究院 一种谐振腔
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ES2296589T3 (es) 2008-05-01

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