EP1181748B1 - Method of producing a flat commutator and a flat commutator produced according to said method - Google Patents

Method of producing a flat commutator and a flat commutator produced according to said method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1181748B1
EP1181748B1 EP00945694A EP00945694A EP1181748B1 EP 1181748 B1 EP1181748 B1 EP 1181748B1 EP 00945694 A EP00945694 A EP 00945694A EP 00945694 A EP00945694 A EP 00945694A EP 1181748 B1 EP1181748 B1 EP 1181748B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
segments
carbon
blank
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00945694A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1181748A1 (en
Inventor
Jose Potocnik
Marjan Drmota
Ludvik Kumar
Gerhard Bachauer
Herbert Scheutz
Johann Höll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bachauer Gerhard
HOELL, JOHANN
SCHEUTZ, HERBERT
Kolektor doo
Original Assignee
Bachauer Gerhard
Scheutz Herbert
Kolektor doo
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Application filed by Bachauer Gerhard, Scheutz Herbert, Kolektor doo filed Critical Bachauer Gerhard
Priority to SI200030156T priority Critical patent/SI1181748T1/en
Publication of EP1181748A1 publication Critical patent/EP1181748A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1181748B1 publication Critical patent/EP1181748B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04Commutators
    • H01R39/06Commutators other than with external cylindrical contact surface, e.g. flat commutators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/06Manufacture of commutators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009Dynamoelectric machine
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49011Commutator or slip ring assembly
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49012Rotor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Plan commutator manufactured by this method.
  • Face commutators are known in various designs and in use.
  • a typical flat commutator shows for example DE-OS 4140475.
  • a typical application for face commutators are Electric motors of fuel pumps (see e.g. DE-OS 19652840 and DE-OS 197526326).
  • To prevent the Running surface of the commutator through ethanol or methanol-containing Fuel attack is common here
  • Flat commutators with a carbon tread are used.
  • the carbon segments are made up of conductor segments Copper worn to the winding ends of the rotor winding without Contact difficulties with the carbon segments too can.
  • DE 4137816 C1 discloses the production of a Flat commutators with carbon tread by on a metallic conductor blank, which in the area of the later Carbon segments has breakthroughs, a perforated Graphite disc fixed with an SMD conductive silver adhesive becomes. Subsequently, the composite part thus formed is in an injection press inserted where the made of insulating material existing carrier body is injected. In the field of Openings in the conductor blank result in direct, gap-free, permanent connections between the support body and the Graphite disc by inserting the material of the carrier body into the Penetrates the upper structure of the graphite material. Subsequently the graphite disc and the conductor blank are e.g. by means of Cut-offs in the individual carbon segments and Subdivided conductor segments.
  • a method of the type mentioned is the one above mentioned WO97 / 03486 removable. That from this document known method for producing a flat commutator is characterized in that those separating cuts with which the carbon ring disc in carbon segments is divided into the molding compound of the hub body extend into it without cutting through the blank. This is achieved by opening the back of the conductor blank provided, wider than the separating cuts, radial grooves filled with molding compound before the carbon ring disc on the composite part from the blank and Hub body is applied. The result is in the range of the opened radial grooves the carbon ring disc immediately to the molding mass of the hub body.
  • this object is achieved solved that the manufacture of the annular inner Fixing web takes place such that its outer diameter in Machining direction decreases and that the carbon ring disc on the machined face of the blank and hub body existing composite part is glued.
  • the characteristic of the present invention Adhesive connection of the carbon ring disc and the Conductor blank and hub body existing composite part with each other in different ways increased life of the invention Flat commutators, compared with those of the prior art Technology down.
  • the adhesive connection provided according to the invention not just like this from the prior art used solder joint is known between the Blank conductor, in particular its end face, and the corresponding areas of the carbon ring disc acts; rather, the adhesive connection also extends those areas where the carbon ring washer is on the molding compound of the hub body is applied.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the bag in particular can be wedge-shaped, also favors the Adhesion of the carbon segments of the finished commutator in a way that promotes its lifespan. Also affects the hardened one collected in the adhesive pockets Adhesive positive in that he has access from aggressive substances in between the carbon segments and the contact area formed radially from the conductor segments prevented inside.
  • the present invention also proves to the extent that it is advantageous if the choice of the Adhesive the danger existing in the prior art that when welding the winding wires to the conductor segments whose temperature exceeds the softening point of the solder and thereby slipping the carbon segments leaves.
  • the maximum outside diameter of the fixing web is preferred larger than the inner diameter of the bore of the carbon ring disc before they are applied to the composite part, the excess for average sized commutators is about 0.1 mm. It is particularly preferred the outer end edge of the fixing web at an angle chamfered between 10 ° and 45 °.
  • the one specified above Fixing bar affects both the manufacture of the flat commutator as well as in terms of its lifespan further advantageous. As part of the manufacturing process the fixing bar fixes the due to its dimensioning carbon ring disc placed on the composite part. The between the opposing end faces of the Carbon ring disc on the one hand and the composite part on the other hand, the adhesive introduced will be in place even then held in place and prevented from escaping when it was is a dry powdery material.
  • the fixing web also takes over a centering or adjustment function for the carbon ring washer, so that the carbon ring washer before the Connection with the composite part in the outer dimensions to final dimension can be manufactured.
  • the excess of the fixation bar opposite the diameter of the bore in the carbon ring disc also prevents the adhesive from escaping in the area the bore of the carbon ring disc when it is pressed on on the composite part.
  • the proposed according to the invention acts on the entire machined face of the blank and Press body existing composite part extending Adhesive connection also between the carbon ring disc and the molding material filling the opened radial grooves.
  • Adhesive connection also between the carbon ring disc and the molding material filling the opened radial grooves.
  • thermoplastic Plastic powder with a melting point above 290 ° C is used (see below), can be used within the scope of the present Invention as an adhesive of various substances use.
  • a thermoplastic Plastic in particular hard coal and petroleum tars and -cheche, natural resins, synthetic resins and thermosetting plastics, through polymerisation, poly addition or poly condensation produced and possibly by natural substances, e.g. B. vegetable or animal oils or natural resins were modified, as well as all artificial resins, which by Modification (e.g. esterification, saponification) more natural Resins were made.
  • Blends of the above substances are also suitable.
  • the adhesive is particularly cheap based on a mixture of powder at least one thermoplastic and at least one thermosetting plastic manufactured. This proves to be very advantageous in the manufacture of the flat commutator because a Melting of the adhesive and thus slipping of the Coal scoff segments effective when welding the connections is prevented.
  • the adhesive with a electrically conductive metallic or non-metallic Filler filled in the form of powders, chips or fibers.
  • a corrosion-resistant metal powder is particularly preferred used, preferably silver or silver-coated Copper powder with a grain size range of 40 up to 90 ⁇ m.
  • the proportion of filler on the filled adhesive between 5 and 95, preferred be between 25 and 50 percent by mass.
  • the composite part from the blank and Hub body an outer ring jacket surrounding the conductor blank made of molding compound, which also at the front Machining the composite part before applying the Carbon ring disc is processed with.
  • a firm connection of the molding compound with the Carbon washer made on its outer circumference become.
  • This is particularly advantageous in terms of mechanical strength and thus the life of the commutator.
  • It also has an impact that such Connection of the carbon ring disc on its outer circumference with the molding compound of the hub body in the finished commutator penetration of aggressive substances in the area of between the carbon segments and the conductor segments existing contact surfaces prevented radially from the outside.
  • radially inner connection of the carbon segments with a Fixing web results in a hermetic seal that is closed on all sides Encapsulation of the contact areas.
  • the conductor blank particularly preferably assigns to his machining end face an inner ring web, an outer ring web and radial webs, the webs being opposite the protrude the remaining end face so that between the webs pocket-shaped depressions are formed.
  • the number of Radial webs correspond to the number on the opposite one Side arranged radial grooves, which in turn with the number of carbon segments and the conductor segments is identical.
  • the groove bases of the radial grooves can be in the run essentially in the same plane as the end face between the webs.
  • the conductor blank shows with a comparatively low use of materials a particularly high torsional rigidity, whereby at the same time when machining the composite part on the face required material removal is comparatively low. So is a particularly cheap conductor blank producible, when molding the hub body into one to encapsulate particularly precise composite part with molding compound and in the context of the composite part particularly economically on the front to edit. So if the reasons for the need Radial grooves run essentially in the same plane as the end face between the webs, at the front Machining the composite part essentially only Inner ring web, the outer ring web and the radial webs removed, for example, to be turned off; because that Radial grooves open at the specified dimensions with the complete removal of the mentioned webs.
  • the present invention in a special way Framework of a process for the production of flat commutators can be used in which the composite part from the blank and Hub body on the face side until it opens with molding compound filled grooves are machined to the conductor blank It is by no means to be subdivided into the conductor segments limited to this procedure.
  • covered manufacturing process is the composite part machined on the end face, but without the molding compound filled grooves are opened; rather are at this procedure, the conductor segments also after front processing of the composite part with each other connected, via thin connecting webs in the area the reasons for use.
  • These connecting bars are only severed after the carbon washer on the composite part has been stuck on, preferably in one Working step together with dividing the Carbon ring disc in carbon segments.
  • the conductor blank 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 is essentially pot-shaped. It thus corresponds with regard to its basic structure, the state of the Technology as can be seen, for example, from WO97 / 03486.
  • the Conductor blank according to FIGS. 1 and 2 from an inner ring web 2, an outer ring web 3 and eight radial webs 4 the face on which the carbon ring washer later should be glued on. Between each two adjacent radial webs 4 and these with each other connecting sections of the inner ring web 2 and the outer ring web 3, a pocket-shaped depression 5 is formed.
  • the through the bottoms 6 of the pocket-shaped recesses 5th formed end face between the webs lies in one axis normal level.
  • the one on the opposite side of the Conductor blanks 1 shaped radial grooves 7 have a trapezoidal cross-section. They run parallel to the Radial webs 4 and have a depth that their groove base 8th is essentially in the same plane as the floors 6 of the pocket-shaped depressions 5.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 illustrate this from the conductor blank 1 and 2 and the molded on this, the Composite part 10 forming the hub body 9, after this end, namely on the in Fig. 1st shown end face has been edited. That before molded on the hub body made of molding compound corresponds to the prior art, such as the WO97 / 03486 can be removed, so that there is none at this point Explanation is needed.
  • the frontal processing of the Composite part 10 comprises its end-side twisting for Removing the inner ring web 2, the outer ring web 3 and the Radial bars 4. After removing the bars, the conductor blank has a closed, annular, flat face in through the bottoms 6 of the pocket-shaped depressions 5 educated level.
  • This ring area will be expanded in the following turned off, until the grooves 7 in the area of their Groove base 8 are fully open.
  • the location of this Processing plane 11 is illustrated in FIG. 2. Obviously, a minimal material removal of the closed, annular, flat end face of the conductor blank, to open the grooves 8 filled with molding material. At still deeper formation of the grooves 7 than shown in Fig. 2 would even be possible to open the radial grooves while still the inner ring web 2, the outer ring web 3 and the radial webs 4 be removed.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrated conductor blank in eight separate conductor segments 12 have been divided. Between each two conductor segments 12 each is made of a press material shaped rib 13 of the hub body 9.
  • Fig. 5 serves only to illustrate that for Manufacture of the later carbon segments an inexpensive and carbon ring disk that can be produced with little effort 19 is used.
  • the outer circumference 20 of the Carbon ring disk 19 is exactly on the outer circumference 21 of the composite part 10 machined on the end face such that the outer diameter of the carbon rina 19 with the outer diameter of the composite part 10 in the area of the processing plane 11 coincides.
  • the Diameter of the bore 22 of the carbon ring disc 19 is about 0.1 mm smaller than the outside diameter of the fixing web 14 of the composite part 10. This favors that the carbon ring 14 even before carrying out the bonding with the composite part 10 in a secure position during the manufacturing process is positioned and between those to be glued together Parts of existing adhesive cannot escape.
  • FIG. 14 Two special details of the fixing web 14 are shown in FIG the composite body 10 and glued-on carbon ring disk 19 formed commutator blank 23, clearly visible.
  • the outer surface 24 tapers of the fixing web 14 from the range of the maximum diameter in Direction towards the working plane 11; with others Words, the outer diameter of the fixing web 14 increases Range of a maximum diameter towards the Processing level 11 down.
  • On Outer periphery of the fixing web 14 has a circumferential annular groove-like Indentation that occurs when the carbon ring disk 19 is glued is filled with the composite part 10 with adhesive.
  • the on this way formed adhesive bag 25 with approximately wedge-shaped Cross section favors the mechanically firm and tight connection of the carbon washer 19 and the your emerging carbon segments with the composite part 10.
  • the chamfer 26 of the fixing web 14 recognizable with regard to the excess of the fixing web opposite the bore 22 of the carbon washer 19 from Importance is to damage the carbon ring disc excluded during assembly.
  • the carbon ring disk 19 is glued to the composite part 10, as was explained in detail above.
  • a mixture of thermoplastic powder (PPS) and thermosetting plastic powder is used as the adhesive.
  • PPS is characterized by its high temperature resistance and its high resistance in fuels.
  • One of the two adhesive surfaces is dusted with the adhesive powder waste as well as with metal powder.
  • a copper powder with a grain size range of 40 to 90 ⁇ m, silver-plated for corrosion reasons, is used as the metal powder, the task of which is to ensure sufficient conductivity.
  • the proportion of metal powder in the adhesive filled with it is between 25% and 50%. Just enough plastic powder is sprinkled on the adhesive surface that the surface is evenly and densely covered. Then the composite part 10 and the carbon ring disk 19 are joined together and heated to approximately 300 ° C.
  • the adhesive melts and penetrates into the pores of the carbon ring disk 19. After a short holding time of approx. 5 seconds, the mixture is cooled. The adhesive that has penetrated into the pores solidifies, thus creating a mechanical positive connection. This achieves optimal adhesion that is superior to that of soldering.
  • the metal powder forms the contact bridges between the conductor segments 12 and the carbon ring disk 19, which causes a very low contact resistance.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer 27 is a maximum of 500 ⁇ m, whereby, as explained above, the adhesive has partially penetrated into the pores of the carbon ring disc 19 and has hardened there.
  • Removing adhesive residue 28 is done as shown in FIG. 7 is illustrated, after curing of the adhesive in the area a circumferential groove 29 is screwed into the adhesive layer 27. So that is the commutator blank 23 prepared so far that only still the carbon ring washer 19 by cutting cuts 30 in Carbon segments 31 are to be subdivided. In the left Half of Fig. 7 is shown that the separation cut 30 extends into the molding rib 13. It will also the fixing web 14 divided by the separating cuts 30, so that in particular a current flow between the individual conductor segments over the adhesive filled with metal particles is excluded.
  • 9 to 13 illustrate an alternative to that Manufacturing process explained above. You accordingly in considerable amounts of Figures 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8. to the extent of Correspondence to those figures is indicated on the above Executions referenced. The description below is therefore limited to the significant differences of the in 9 to 13 illustrated manufacturing process compared in the manufacturing process according to FIGS. 1 to 8.
  • FIGS. 9 and 2 show that the radial grooves 7 ' in the case of the variant described here, a smaller depth have than the radial grooves 7 of the above Manufacturing process. It follows that the front Machining of the conductor blank and the hub body existing composite part 10 'to the processing level 11 the Grooves 7 'cannot be opened. Rather, the later remain Conductor segments of the conductor blank via connecting webs 32 connected with each other. A preferred measure of the thickness of the Connecting webs 32 is in a face commutator typical dimensioning about 0.3 mm.
  • the carbon ring disc is thus on the by Machined end face 33 of the conductor blank 1 'glued on. Dividing the conductor blank 1 'into the conductor segments 12' takes place in one Operation with dividing the carbon ring disc into Carbon segments 31 'by separating cuts 30', which are up into the molding compound of the hub body in the grooves 7 ' extend.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

A method for producing a flat commutator with a hub body formed from insulating molding compound, a plurality of conductor segments and an equally large number of carbon segments, the hub body being molded onto a conductor blank provided with radial grooves, which grooves are filled with molding compound. Then the composite part of conductor blank and hub body is machined on the end face of the conductor blank turned away from the hub body. An annular carbon disk is adhesively bonded to the machined end face of the composite part, whereby electrically conductive connections to the conductor blank or to the conductor segments produced therefrom are established. Finally the annular carbon disk is subdivided into carbon segments by cuts extending into the molding compound that fills the grooves. The conductor blank is then subdivided into conductor segments.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Plankommutators mit einem aus isolierender Preßmasse geformten Nabenkörper, einer Mehrzahl von Leiter-Segmenten und einer ebenso großen Anzahl von Kohlenstoffsegmenten, welche die Lauffläche bilden, umfassend die folgenden Schritte:

  • An einen radiale Nuten aufweisenden Leiterrohling wird der Nabenkörper angeformt, wobei die Nuten mit Preßmasse gefüllt werden;
  • das Verbundteil aus Leiterrohling und Nabenkörper wird anschließend auf der dem Nabenkörper abgewandten Stirnseite des Leiterrohlings spanabhebend bearbeitet, wobei bei der stirnseitigen Bearbeitung des Verbundteils ein aus Preßmasse bestehender, ringförmiger innerer Fixiersteg stehengelassen wird;
  • auf die bearbeitete Stirnfläche des Verbundteils wird zur Bildung eines Kommutatorrohlings eine Kohlenstoffringscheibe unter Herstellung elektrisch leitender Verbindungen zu dem Leiterrohling bzw. den aus diesem hervorgegangenen Leitersegmenten aufgebracht; und
  • die Kohlenstoffringscheibe wird durch sich in die die Nuten füllende Preßmasse hinein erstreckende Schnitte in Kohlenstoffsegmente unterteilt, wobei der Leiterrohling entweder bei seiner stirnseitigen Bearbeitung durch Öffnen der mit Preßmasse gefüllten Nuten oder aber durch später eingebrachte Trennschnitte in die Leitersegmente unterteilt wird.
The present invention relates to a method for producing a flat commutator with a hub body formed from insulating molding compound, a plurality of conductor segments and an equally large number of carbon segments which form the tread, comprising the following steps:
  • The hub body is formed onto a radial groove having a conductor blank, the grooves being filled with molding compound;
  • the composite part from the conductor blank and the hub body is then machined on the end face of the conductor blank facing away from the hub body, an annular inner fixing web consisting of molding compound being left standing during the end machining of the composite part;
  • A carbon ring disk is applied to the machined end face of the composite part to form a commutator blank, producing electrically conductive connections to the conductor blank or the conductor segments resulting therefrom; and
  • the carbon ring disk is divided into carbon segments by cuts which extend into the molding compound filling the grooves, the blank of the conductor being subdivided into the conductor segments either when it is machined at the end by opening the grooves filled with molding compound or by cutting cuts which are introduced later.

Des weiteren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung einen nach diesem Verfahren hergestellten Plankommutator. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a Plan commutator manufactured by this method.

Plankommutatoren sind in verschiedensten Gestaltungen bekannt und im Einsatz. Einen typischen Plankommutator zeigt beispielsweise die DE-OS 4140475.Face commutators are known in various designs and in use. A typical flat commutator shows for example DE-OS 4140475.

Ein typisches Anwendungsgebiet für Plankommutatoren sind Elektromotoren von Kraftstoffpumpen (vgl. z. B. DE-OS 19652840 und DE-OS 197526326). Um zu verhindern, daß die Lauffläche des Kommutators durch ethanol- bzw. methanolhaltigen Kraftstoff angegriffen wird, werden hier verbreitet Plankommutatoren mit einer Kohlenstofflauffläche eingesetzt. Dabei werden die Kohlenstoffsegmente von Leitersegmenten aus Kupfer getragen, um die Wicklungsenden der Rotorwicklung ohne Schwierigkeiten mit den Kohlenstoffsegmenten kontaktieren zu können.A typical application for face commutators are Electric motors of fuel pumps (see e.g. DE-OS 19652840 and DE-OS 197526326). To prevent the Running surface of the commutator through ethanol or methanol-containing Fuel attack is common here Flat commutators with a carbon tread are used. The carbon segments are made up of conductor segments Copper worn to the winding ends of the rotor winding without Contact difficulties with the carbon segments too can.

Zur Herstellung von Plankommutatoren mit Kohlenstofflauffläche sind zwei grundlegend verschiedenen Verfahrensweisen bekannt. Zum einen kann ein Kohlenstoffring, der später durch Trennschnitte in Kohlenstoffsegmente unterteilt wird, direkt durch Sintern von pulverförmigem Kohlenstoff, in den der Leiterrohling eingebettet ist, an letzterem angeformt werden. Oder aber eine vorgefertigte Kohlenstoffringscheibe wird auf eine Stirnseite des Leiterrohlings bzw. der Leitersegmente aufgelegt, dort durch Lötung elektrisch leitend und mechanisch fest verbunden und später durch Trennschnitte, die ggf. auch den Leiterrohling in die Leitersegmente unterteilen können, in die Kohlenstoffsegmente unterteilt. Beide Verfahrensweisen sind beispielsweise in der DE-OS 19652840 dargelegt. Die Anformung des Nabenkörpers an den Leiterrohling kann dabei vor (vgl. WO97/03486) oder aber nach (vgl. DE-OS 4028420) dem Auflöten der Kohlenstoffringscheibe auf den Leiterrohling erfolgen.For the production of flat commutators with carbon tread are two fundamentally different procedures known. First, a carbon ring that later divided into carbon segments by separating cuts is, directly by sintering powdered carbon, in which the conductor blank is embedded, molded onto the latter become. Or a prefabricated carbon ring washer is on an end face of the conductor blank or the conductor segments applied, there by soldering and electrically conductive mechanically firmly connected and later by separating cuts that If necessary, also divide the conductor blank into the conductor segments can, divided into the carbon segments. Both procedures are for example in DE-OS 19652840 explained. The molding of the hub body onto the conductor blank can be done before (see WO97 / 03486) or after (see DE-OS 4028420) the soldering of the carbon ring washer the conductor blank.

Die DE 4137816 C1 offenbart die Herstellung eines Plankommutators mit Kohlenstofflauffläche, indem auf einem metallischen Leiterrohling, der im Bereich der späteren Kohlenstoffsegmente Durchbrüche aufweist, eine gelochte Graphitscheibe mittels eines SMD-Leitsilberklebers fixiert wird. Anschließend wird das derart gebildete Verbundteil in eine Spritzpresse eingelegt, wo der aus isolierendem Material bestehende Trägerkörper angespritzt wird. Im Bereich der Durchbrüche des Leiterrohlings entstehen direkte, spaltfreie, unlösbare Verbindungen zwischen dem Trägerkörper und der Graphitscheibe, indem das Material des Trägerkörpers in das Obergefüge des Graphitwerkstoffs eindringt. Anschließend werden die Graphitscheibe und der Leiterrohling z.B. mittels Trennschleifen in die einzelnen Kohlenstoffsegmente und Leitersegmente unterteilt.DE 4137816 C1 discloses the production of a Flat commutators with carbon tread by on a metallic conductor blank, which in the area of the later Carbon segments has breakthroughs, a perforated Graphite disc fixed with an SMD conductive silver adhesive becomes. Subsequently, the composite part thus formed is in an injection press inserted where the made of insulating material existing carrier body is injected. In the field of Openings in the conductor blank result in direct, gap-free, permanent connections between the support body and the Graphite disc by inserting the material of the carrier body into the Penetrates the upper structure of the graphite material. Subsequently the graphite disc and the conductor blank are e.g. by means of Cut-offs in the individual carbon segments and Subdivided conductor segments.

Ein weiterer Plankommutator mit Kohlenstofflauffläche, bei dem die Kohlenstoffsegmente mit den Leitersegmenten mittels eines elektronisch leitenden Klebers verbunden sind, ist bekannt aus der DE 9211488U1.Another flat commutator with carbon tread, at which by means of the carbon segments with the conductor segments of an electronically conductive adhesive is connected known from DE 9211488U1.

Ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art ist der weiter oben genannten WO97/03486 entnehmbar. Das aus diesem Dokument bekannte Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Plankommutators zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß diejenigen Trennschnitte, mit welchen die Kohlenstoffringscheibe in Kohlenstoffsegmente unterteilt wird, sich in die Preßmasse des Nabenkörpers hinein erstrecken, ohne den Leiterrohling zu durchtrennen. Erreicht wird dies durch das Öffnen der rückseitig am Leiterrohling vorgesehenen, gegenüber den Trennschnitten breiteren, mit Preßmasse gefüllten Radialnuten, bevor die Kohlenstoffringscheibe auf das Verbundteil aus Leiterrohling und Nabenkörper aufgebracht wird. Im Ergebnis liegt im Bereich der geöffneten Radialnuten die Kohlenstoffringscheibe unmittelbar an Preßmasse des Nabenkörpers an.A method of the type mentioned is the one above mentioned WO97 / 03486 removable. That from this document known method for producing a flat commutator is characterized in that those separating cuts with which the carbon ring disc in carbon segments is divided into the molding compound of the hub body extend into it without cutting through the blank. This is achieved by opening the back of the conductor blank provided, wider than the separating cuts, radial grooves filled with molding compound before the carbon ring disc on the composite part from the blank and Hub body is applied. The result is in the range of the opened radial grooves the carbon ring disc immediately to the molding mass of the hub body.

Zwar liegt, anders als dies beispielsweise für einen gemäß der DE-OS 19652840 gefertigten Plankommutator zutrifft, bei dem aus der WO97/03486 bekannten Plankommutator im Bereich der jeweils zwei Kohlenstoffsegmente trennenden Luftspalte kein Kupfer der Leitersegmente frei. Gleichwohl ist eine Langzeitschädigung der Leitersegmente und/oder der diese mit den Kupfersegmenten verbindenden Lotschicht nicht ausgeschlossen.Unlike, for example, this is for a the DE-OS 19652840 manufactured flat commutator applies to the area commutator known from WO97 / 03486 of the air gaps separating two carbon segments no copper of the conductor segments free. Nevertheless is one Long-term damage to the conductor segments and / or these the solder layer connecting the copper segments is not excluded.

Aus diesem Nachteil leitet sich die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabenstellung ab, ein Verfahren der gattungsgemäßen Art zu schaffen, welches zur Herstellung von Plankommutatoren mit höchster Lebensdauer geeignet ist.This disadvantage leads to that of the present Task on which the invention is based, a method to create the generic type, which to manufacture of long-life commutators is suitable.

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Herstellung des ringförmigen inneren Fixierstegs derart erfolgt, daß dessen Außendurchmesser in Bearbeitungsrichtung abnimmt, und daß die Kohlenstoffringscheibe auf die bearbeitete Stirnfläche des aus Leiterrohling und Nabenkörper bestehenden Verbundteils aufgeklebt wird. Die für die vorliegende Erfindung charakteristische Klebverbindung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe und des aus Leiterrohling und Nabenkörper bestehenden Verbundteils miteinander schlägt sich auf verschiedene Weise in einer gesteigerten Lebensdauer des erfindungsgemäßen Plankommutators, verglichen mit solchen nach dem Stand der Technik nieder. Eine der herausragenden Wirkungsweisen ist dabei, daß die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Klebeverbindung nicht nur, wie dies von der beim Stand der Technik eingesetzten Lötverbindung her bekannt ist, zwischen dem Leiterrohling, insbesondere dessen Stirnfläche, und den korrespondierenden Bereichen der Kohlenstoffringscheibe wirkt; vielmehr erstreckt sich die Klebeverbindung auch auf diejenigen Bereiche, in denen die Kohlenstoffringscheibe an der Preßmasse des Nabenkörpers anliegt. Dies gilt namentlich für die Kontaktfläche zwischen der Kohlenstoffringscheibe und einem zentralen, aus Preßmasse bestehenden Fixiersteg. Indem sich der Fixiersteg in axialer Richtung verjüngt, wird eine zur Aufnahme von Klebstoff geeignete ringförmige Tasche gebildet. Die Querschnittsform der Tasche, die insbesondere keilförmig ausgeführt sein kann, begünstigt ferner die Haftung der Kohlenstoffsegmente des fertigen Kommutators in einer dessen Lebensdauer fördernden Weise. Auch wirkt sich der in den Klebstofftaschen angesammelte ausgehärtete Klebstoff dahingehend positiv aus, daß er einen Zutritt von aggressiven Stoffen in den zwischen den Kohlenstoffsegmenten und den Leitersegmenten gebildeten Kontaktbereich radial von innen her verhindert.According to the present invention, this object is achieved solved that the manufacture of the annular inner Fixing web takes place such that its outer diameter in Machining direction decreases and that the carbon ring disc on the machined face of the blank and hub body existing composite part is glued. The characteristic of the present invention Adhesive connection of the carbon ring disc and the Conductor blank and hub body existing composite part with each other in different ways increased life of the invention Flat commutators, compared with those of the prior art Technology down. One of the outstanding modes of action is thereby that the adhesive connection provided according to the invention not just like this from the prior art used solder joint is known between the Blank conductor, in particular its end face, and the corresponding areas of the carbon ring disc acts; rather, the adhesive connection also extends those areas where the carbon ring washer is on the molding compound of the hub body is applied. This applies in particular for the contact surface between the carbon ring disc and a central, made of molding compound fixing web. By doing the fixation web tapers in the axial direction becomes a ring-shaped pocket suitable for holding adhesive educated. The cross-sectional shape of the bag, in particular can be wedge-shaped, also favors the Adhesion of the carbon segments of the finished commutator in a way that promotes its lifespan. Also affects the hardened one collected in the adhesive pockets Adhesive positive in that he has access from aggressive substances in between the carbon segments and the contact area formed radially from the conductor segments prevented inside.

Neben der gesteigerten Lebensdauer ergibt sich in Anwendung der vorliegenden Erfindung als vorteilhafter Nebeneffekt, daß der mit der Herstellung des Plankommutators verbundene Aufwand geringer ist als in Anwendung bekannter Verfahren. Maßgeblich hierfür ist, daß das beim Stand der Technik erforderliche aufwendige Vorbehandeln der Kohlenstoffringscheibe, um diese überhaupt lötbar zu machen, entfällt. Insbesondere braucht die Kohlenstoffringscheibe nicht, beispielsweise durch Aufdampfen einer dünnen Kupferschicht metallisiert zu werden.In addition to the increased service life, this also results in application the present invention as an advantageous side effect that the one associated with the manufacture of the flat commutator Effort is less than using known methods. The decisive factor here is that what is required in the prior art complex pretreatment of the carbon ring disc, in order to make them solderable at all, is eliminated. In particular does not need the carbon ring disc, for example metallized by vapor deposition of a thin copper layer become.

Schließlich erweist sich die vorliegende Erfindung auch insoweit als vorteilhaft, als sich bei geeigneter Wahl des Klebstoffes die beim Stand der Technik bestehende Gefahr, daß beim Schweißen der Wicklungsdrähte an die Leitersegmente deren Temperatur den Erweichungspunkt des Lotes übersteigt und dadurch die Kohlenstoffsegmente verrutschen können, reduzieren läßt.Finally, the present invention also proves to the extent that it is advantageous if the choice of the Adhesive the danger existing in the prior art that when welding the winding wires to the conductor segments whose temperature exceeds the softening point of the solder and thereby slipping the carbon segments leaves.

Der maximale Außendurchmesser des Fixierstegs ist bevorzugt größer als der Innendurchmesser der Bohrung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe vor deren Aufbringen auf das Verbundteil, wobei das Übermaß bei durchschnittlich dimensionierten Kommutatoren etwa 0,1 mm beträgt. Besonders bevorzugt wird dabei die äußere Stirnkante des Fixierstegs unter einem Winkel zwischen 10° und 45° angefast. Der vorstehend spezifizierte Fixiersteg wirkt sich sowohl bei der Herstellung des Plankommutators wie auch im Hinblick auf dessen Lebensdauer weiter vorteilhaft aus. Im Rahmen des Herstellungsverfahrens fixiert der Fixiersteg aufgrund seiner Dimensionierung die auf das Verbundteil aufgesetzte Kohlenstoffringscheibe. Der zwischen die einander gegenüberstehenden Stirnflächen der Kohlenstoffringscheibe einerseits und des Verbundteils andererseits eingebrachte Klebstoff wird selbst dann an Ort und Stelle gehalten und am Entweichen gehindert, wenn es sich um ein trockenes pulverförmiges Material handelt. Das gleiche gilt für den ggf. vorgesehenen elektrisch leitenden Füllstoff in Form von Spänen oder dgl. Der Fixiersteg übernimmt zudem für die Kohlenstoffringscheibe eine Zentrier- bzw. Justierfunktion, so daß die Kohlenstoffringscheibe bereits vor der Verbindung mit dem Verbundteil in den Außenmaßen auf Endmaß gefertigt werden kann. Das Übermaß des Fixierstegs gegenüber dem Durchmesser der Bohrung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe verhindert überdies einen Austritt des Klebstoffs im Bereich der Bohrung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe bei deren Aufpressen auf das Verbundteil.The maximum outside diameter of the fixing web is preferred larger than the inner diameter of the bore of the carbon ring disc before they are applied to the composite part, the excess for average sized commutators is about 0.1 mm. It is particularly preferred the outer end edge of the fixing web at an angle chamfered between 10 ° and 45 °. The one specified above Fixing bar affects both the manufacture of the flat commutator as well as in terms of its lifespan further advantageous. As part of the manufacturing process the fixing bar fixes the due to its dimensioning carbon ring disc placed on the composite part. The between the opposing end faces of the Carbon ring disc on the one hand and the composite part on the other hand, the adhesive introduced will be in place even then held in place and prevented from escaping when it was is a dry powdery material. The same applies to the possibly provided electrically conductive filler in the form of chips or the like. The fixing web also takes over a centering or adjustment function for the carbon ring washer, so that the carbon ring washer before the Connection with the composite part in the outer dimensions to final dimension can be manufactured. The excess of the fixation bar opposite the diameter of the bore in the carbon ring disc also prevents the adhesive from escaping in the area the bore of the carbon ring disc when it is pressed on on the composite part.

Insbesondere dann, wenn gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens die Radialnuten bereits bei der stirnseitigen Bearbeitung des Verbundteils geöffnet werden, wirkt die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene, sich über die gesamte bearbeitete Stirnfläche des aus Leiterrohling und Preßkörper bestehenden Verbundteils erstreckende Klebeverbindung also auch zwischen der Kohlenstoffringscheibe und dem die geöffneten Radialnuten füllenden Preßstoff. Durch die bei Anwendung bisher eingesetzter Lötverfahren nicht mögliche feste mechanische Verbindung zwischen der Kohlenstoffringscheibe und dem die Nuten füllenden Preßstoff wird bei dieser Weiterbildung der Erfindung besonders wirksam jegliches Ausbrechen des Kohlenstoffs beim Ausführen der die Kohlenstoffringscheibe unterteilenden Trennschnitte im Bereich der Übergänge zur Preßmasse verhindert. Die Struktur der Kohlenstoffsegmente angrenzend an die Trennschnitte bleibt intakt. Als Resultat hiervon läßt sich bei dergestalt hergestellten Plankommutatoren, anders als dies für den Stand der Technik zutrifft, auch nach langer Laufdauer keine Erosion an den Kohlenstoffsegmenten im Bereich der Trennschnitte feststellen.Especially when according to a preferred further development the radial grooves of the method according to the invention the end processing of the composite part opened are, the proposed according to the invention acts on the entire machined face of the blank and Press body existing composite part extending Adhesive connection also between the carbon ring disc and the molding material filling the opened radial grooves. By the previously used soldering methods are not possible firm mechanical connection between the Carbon ring disc and the press material filling the grooves is particularly effective in this development of the invention any carbon breakout when running the Separating cuts in the carbon ring disk Prevents area of transitions to the molding compound. The structure of the carbon segments adjacent to the separating cuts remains intact. As a result of this, manufactured commutators, unlike this for the stand the technology applies, even after a long running time none Erosion on the carbon segments in the area of Determine separating cuts.

Im übrigen verhindert die (auch) zwischen den Kohlenstoffsegmenten und der die Radialnuten füllenden Preßmasse bestehenden Klebeverbindungen, daß von den Trennschnitten her aggressive Medien wie methanol- bzw. ethanolhaltiger Kraftstoff in den Bereich der zwischen den Leitersegmenten und den Kohlenstoffsegmenten bestehenden Kontaktflächen eindringen kann. Auch insoweit wird durch diese Weiterbildung der vorliegendenErfindung mit einfachen Mitteln ein Problem gelöst, das beim Stand der Technik nur bei Anwendung von aufwendigen Vorbehandlungs- und Lötverfahren, insbesondere unter Verwendung von Silber gelöst werden konnte.Otherwise, it prevents (also) between the carbon segments and the molding compound filling the radial grooves existing adhesive connections that from the separating cuts aggressive media such as methanol or ethanol fuel in the area of between the conductor segments and the Carbon segments penetrate existing contact surfaces can. In this respect too, this further training will present invention with simple means a problem solved that in the prior art only when using complex pretreatment and soldering processes, in particular could be solved using silver.

Wenngleich als Klebstoff besonders bevorzugt ein thermoplastisches Kunststoffpulver mit Schmelzpunkt über 290°C verwendet wird (s.u.), lassen sich im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung als Klebstoff die verschiedensten Substanzen verwenden. In Betracht kommen neben einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff insbesondere Steinkohlen- und Petrolteere und -peche, natürliche Harze, Kunstharze und duroplastische Kunststoffe, die durch Polimerisation, Poliaddition oder Polikondensation hergestellt und ggf. durch Naturstoffe, z. B. pflanzliche oder tierische Öle bzw. natürliche Harze modifiziert wurden, sowie alle künstlichen Harze, die durch Modifizierung (z. B. Veresterung, Verseifung) natürlicher Harze hergestellt wurden.Although particularly preferred as an adhesive is a thermoplastic Plastic powder with a melting point above 290 ° C is used (see below), can be used within the scope of the present Invention as an adhesive of various substances use. In addition to a thermoplastic Plastic in particular hard coal and petroleum tars and -cheche, natural resins, synthetic resins and thermosetting plastics, through polymerisation, poly addition or poly condensation produced and possibly by natural substances, e.g. B. vegetable or animal oils or natural resins were modified, as well as all artificial resins, which by Modification (e.g. esterification, saponification) more natural Resins were made.

Verschnitte der vorstehend angegebenen Substanzen sind ebenfalls geeignet. Besonders günstig ist dabei der Klebstoff auf der Basis einer Mischung von Pulver mindestens eines thermoplastischen und mindestens eines duroplastischen Kunststoffs hergestellt. Dies erweist sich als sehr vorteilhaft bei der Herstellung des Plankommutators, weil ein Aufschmelzen des Klebstoffes und damit ein Verrutschen der Kohlenscoffsegmente beim Schweißen der Anschlüsse wirksam verhindert wird.Blends of the above substances are also suitable. The adhesive is particularly cheap based on a mixture of powder at least one thermoplastic and at least one thermosetting plastic manufactured. This proves to be very advantageous in the manufacture of the flat commutator because a Melting of the adhesive and thus slipping of the Coal scoff segments effective when welding the connections is prevented.

Soweit der Klebstoff, wie es für viele der in Betracht kommenden Substanzen zutrifft, selbst nicht oder nur gering elektrisch leitend ist, wird der Klebstoff mit einem elektrisch leitfähigen metallischen oder nicht metallischen Füllstoff in Form von Pulvern, Spänen oder Fasern gefüllt. Besonders bevorzugt wird ein korrosionsbeständiges Metallpulver verwendet, vorzugsweise Silber oder silberbeschichtetes Kupferpulver mit einem Körnungsbereich von 40 bis 90 µm. Je nach Anwendung kann der Anteil des Füllstoffs an dem gefüllten Klebstoff zwischen 5 und 95, bevorzugt zwischen 25 und 50 Massenprozent betragen.So much for the glue as it is considered for many of the coming substances apply, not at all or only slightly is electrically conductive, the adhesive with a electrically conductive metallic or non-metallic Filler filled in the form of powders, chips or fibers. A corrosion-resistant metal powder is particularly preferred used, preferably silver or silver-coated Copper powder with a grain size range of 40 up to 90 µm. Depending on the application, the proportion of filler on the filled adhesive between 5 and 95, preferred be between 25 and 50 percent by mass.

Gemäß einer anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß das Verbundteil aus Leiterrohling und Nabenkörper einen den Leiterrohling umgebenden äußeren Ringmantel aus Preßmasse aufweist, der ebenfalls bei der stirnseitigen Bearbeitung des Verbundteils vor dem Aufbringen der Kohlenstoffringscheibe mit bearbeitet wird. Auf diese Weise kann beim Aufkleben der Kohlenstoffringscheibe auf das Verbundteil eine feste Verbindung der Preßmasse mit der Kohlenstoffringscheibe an deren Außenumfang hergestellt werden. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft im Hinblick auf die mechanische Festigkeit und somit die Lebensdauer des Kommutators. Dabei wirkt sich auch aus, daß eine derartige Verbindung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe an ihrem Außenumfang mit der Preßmasse des Nabenkörpers beim fertigen Kommutator ein Eindringen von aggressiven Substanzen in den Bereich der zwischen den Kohlenstoffsegmenten und den Leitersegmenten bestehenden Kontaktflächen radial von außen her verhindert. Insbesondere in Verbindung mit der weiter oben erläuterten radial inneren Verbindung der Kohlenstoffsegmente mit einem Fixiersteg ergibt sich eine allseits geschlossene, hermetische Einkapselung der Kontaktflächen.According to another preferred development of the invention it is provided that the composite part from the blank and Hub body an outer ring jacket surrounding the conductor blank made of molding compound, which also at the front Machining the composite part before applying the Carbon ring disc is processed with. In this way can when sticking the carbon ring disc on the Composite part a firm connection of the molding compound with the Carbon washer made on its outer circumference become. This is particularly advantageous in terms of mechanical strength and thus the life of the commutator. It also has an impact that such Connection of the carbon ring disc on its outer circumference with the molding compound of the hub body in the finished commutator penetration of aggressive substances in the area of between the carbon segments and the conductor segments existing contact surfaces prevented radially from the outside. In particular in connection with that explained above radially inner connection of the carbon segments with a Fixing web results in a hermetic seal that is closed on all sides Encapsulation of the contact areas.

Der im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zum Einsatz kommende Leiterrohling weist besonders bevorzugt auf seiner zu bearbeitenden Stirnseite einen Innenringsteg, einen Außenringsteg und Radialstege auf, wobei die Stege gegenüber der übrigen Stirnfläche vorspringen, so daß zwischen den Stegen taschenförmige Vertiefungen gebildet sind. Die Anzahl der Radialstege entspricht dabei der Anzahl der auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite angeordneten Radialnuten, welche wiederum mit der Anzahl der Kohlenstoffsegmente und der Leitersegmente identisch ist. Die Nutgründe der Radialnuten können dabei im wesentlichen in derselben Ebene verlaufen wie die Stirnfläche zwischen den Stegen. Ein derart gestalteter Leiterrohling zeichnet sich durch verschiedene, in dieser Kombination bisher nicht erreichte Vorteile aus. Denn der Leiterrohling weist bei einem vergleichsweise geringen Werkstoffeinsatz eine besonders große Verwindungssteifigkeit auf, wobei zugleich der beim stirnseitigen Bearbeiten des Verbundteils erforderliche Materialabtrag vergleichsweise gering ist. So ist ein dergestalt geformter Leiterrohling besonders kostengünstig herstellbar, beim Anformen des Nabenkörpers zu einem besonders präzisen Verbundteil mit Preßmasse zu umspritzen und im Rahmen des Verbundteils besonders ökonomisch stirnseitig zu bearbeiten. So brauchen, falls die Nutgründe der Radialnuten im wesentlichen in derselben Ebene verlaufen wie die Stirnfläche zwischen den Stegen, bei der stirnseitigen Bearbeitung des Verbundteils im wesentlichen lediglich der Innenringsteg, der Außenringsteg und die Radialstege entfernt, beispielsweise abgedreht zu werden; denn die Radialnuten öffnen sich bei der angegebenen Dimensionierung mit dem vollständigen Entfernen der genannten Stege. Die vorstehend erläuterte Weiterbildung des Leiterrohlings läßt sich ersichtlich mit denselben Vorteilen auch bei solchen gattungsgemäßen Plankommutatoren anwenden, bei denen die Kohlenstoffringscheibe auf das Verbundteil nicht aufgeklebt sondern vielmehr auf sonstige Weise befestigt, beispielsweise gelötet wird. Eine Teilung der vorliegenden Patentanmeldung, um die Gestaltung des Leiterrohlings isoliert weiterzuverfolgen, bleibt vorbehalten.The one used in the present invention The conductor blank particularly preferably assigns to his machining end face an inner ring web, an outer ring web and radial webs, the webs being opposite the protrude the remaining end face so that between the webs pocket-shaped depressions are formed. The number of Radial webs correspond to the number on the opposite one Side arranged radial grooves, which in turn with the number of carbon segments and the conductor segments is identical. The groove bases of the radial grooves can be in the run essentially in the same plane as the end face between the webs. A conductor blank designed in this way is characterized by different, in this combination advantages not previously achieved. Because the conductor blank shows with a comparatively low use of materials a particularly high torsional rigidity, whereby at the same time when machining the composite part on the face required material removal is comparatively low. So is a particularly cheap conductor blank producible, when molding the hub body into one to encapsulate particularly precise composite part with molding compound and in the context of the composite part particularly economically on the front to edit. So if the reasons for the need Radial grooves run essentially in the same plane as the end face between the webs, at the front Machining the composite part essentially only Inner ring web, the outer ring web and the radial webs removed, for example, to be turned off; because that Radial grooves open at the specified dimensions with the complete removal of the mentioned webs. The Training explained above of the conductor blank leaves can be seen with the same advantages in such Apply generic commutators in which the Carbon washer is not glued to the composite part but rather attached in some other way, for example is soldered. A division of the present patent application, in order to pursue the design of the conductor blank in isolation, remains reserved.

Wenngleich, so wie dies vorstehend angegeben und erläutert ist, sich die vorliegende Erfindung in besonderer Weise im Rahmen eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung von Plankommutatoren einsetzen läßt, bei dem das Verbundteil aus Leiterrohling und Nabenkörper stirnseitig bis zum Öffnen der mit Preßmasse gefüllten Nuten spanabhebend bearbeitet wird, um den Leiterrohling in die Leitersegmente zu unterteilen, ist sie keinesfalls auf diese Verfahrensführung beschränkt. In einem alternativen, ebenfalls von der vorliegenden Erfindung abgedeckten Herstellverfahren wird das Verbundteil zwar stirnseitig bearbeitet, ohne daß jedoch die mit Preßmasse gefüllten Nuten dabei geöffnet werden; vielmehr sind bei dieser Verfahrensführung die Leitersegmente auch nach der stirnseitigen Bearbeitung des Verbundteils noch miteinander verbunden, und zwar über dünne Verbindungsstege im Bereich der Nutgründe. Diese Verbindungsstege werden erst durchtrennt, nachdem die Kohlenstoffringscheibe auf das Verbundteil aufgeklebt worden ist, und zwar bevorzugt in einem Arbeitsschritt gemeinsam mit dem Unterteilen der Kohlenstoffringscheibe in Kohlenstoffsegmente.Although as stated and explained above is, the present invention in a special way Framework of a process for the production of flat commutators can be used in which the composite part from the blank and Hub body on the face side until it opens with molding compound filled grooves are machined to the conductor blank It is by no means to be subdivided into the conductor segments limited to this procedure. In one alternative, also from the present invention covered manufacturing process is the composite part machined on the end face, but without the molding compound filled grooves are opened; rather are at this procedure, the conductor segments also after front processing of the composite part with each other connected, via thin connecting webs in the area the reasons for use. These connecting bars are only severed after the carbon washer on the composite part has been stuck on, preferably in one Working step together with dividing the Carbon ring disc in carbon segments.

Im Folgenden werden zwei bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

Fig. 1
in perspektivischer Ansicht einen Leiterrohling,
Fig. 2
einen Tangentialschnitt durch den Leiterrohling gemäß Fig. 1 entlang der Linie II-II,
Fig. 3
das aus Leiterrohling und Nabenkörper gebildete Verbundteil, nachdem dieses zur Unterteilung des Leiterrohlings in acht Leitersegmente stirnseitig bearbeitet worden ist,
Fig. 4
einen Tangentialschnitt durch das in Fig. 3 dargestellte Verbundteil entlang der Linie IV-IV,
Fig. 5
in perspektivischer Ansicht die Kohlenstoffringscheibe vor ihrem Aufkleben auf das Verbundteil gemäß Fig. 3,
Fig. 6
in perspektivischer Ansicht einen aufgeschnittenen, durch Aufkleben der Kohlenstoffringscheibe gemäß Fig. 5 auf das Verbundteil gemäß Fig. 3 hergestellten . Kommutatorrohling,
Fig. 7
einen Axialschnitt durch den Kommutatorrohling gemäß Fig. 6, nachdem am Außenumfang im Bereich der Klebeschicht eine Umfangsnut eingedreht worden ist,
Fig. 8
einen Tangentialschnitt durch einen Plankommutator, der aus dem Kommutatorrohling gemäß Fig. 7 durch Einbringen von die Kohlenstoffringscheibe in Kohlenstoffsegmente unterteilenden Trennschnitten entstanden ist;
Fig. 9 bis Fig. 13
erläutern eine Variante des in den Fig. 1 bis 8 veranschaulichten und unter Bezugnahme hierauf nachstehend erläuterten Herstellverfahrens.
Two preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a conductor blank,
Fig. 2
2 shows a tangential section through the conductor blank according to FIG. 1 along the line II-II,
Fig. 3
the composite part formed from the conductor blank and the hub body, after this has been machined on the end to divide the conductor blank into eight conductor segments,
Fig. 4
3 shows a tangential section through the composite part shown in FIG. 3 along the line IV-IV,
Fig. 5
3 in perspective view the carbon ring disk before it is glued to the composite part,
Fig. 6
a perspective view of a cut, made by gluing the carbon washer according to FIG. 5 on the composite part according to FIG. 3. commutator,
Fig. 7
6, after a circumferential groove has been screwed in on the outer circumference in the area of the adhesive layer,
Fig. 8
a tangential section through a flat commutator, which has arisen from the commutator blank according to FIG 7 by introducing separating cuts dividing the carbon ring disk into carbon segments;
9 to 13
explain a variant of the manufacturing method illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 8 and explained below with reference to this.

Der in den Fig. 1 und 2 veranschaulichte Leiterrohling 1 ist von im wesentlichen topfförmiger Gestalt. Er entspricht damit hinsichtlich seines grundsätzlichen Aufbaus dem Stand der Technik, wie er beispielsweise der WO97/03486 entnehmbar ist. Gegenüber bekannten Leiterrohlingen, wie sie beispielsweise aus jener Veröffentlichung bekannt sind, zeichnet sich der Leiterrohling gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 aus durch einen Innenringsteg 2, einen Außenringsteg 3 und acht Radialstege 4 auf derjenigen Stirnseite, auf die später die Kohlenstoffringscheibe aufgeklebt werden soll. Zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Radialstegen 4 und den diese miteinander verbindenden Abschnitten des Innenringstegs 2 und des Außenringstegs 3 ist eine taschenförmige Vertiefung 5 gebildet. Die durch die Böden 6 der taschenförmigen Vertiefungen 5 gebildete Stirnfläche zwischen den Stegen liegt in einer achsnormalen Ebene. Die auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Leiterrohlings 1 ausgeformten Radialnuten 7 weisen einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt auf. Sie verlaufen parallel zu den Radialstegen 4 und weisen eine Tiefe auf, daß ihr Nutgrund 8 im wesentlichen in derselben Ebene liegt wie die Böden 6 der taschenförmigen Vertiefungen 5.The conductor blank 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 is essentially pot-shaped. It thus corresponds with regard to its basic structure, the state of the Technology as can be seen, for example, from WO97 / 03486. Compared to known conductor blanks, such as, for example are known from that publication, the Conductor blank according to FIGS. 1 and 2 from an inner ring web 2, an outer ring web 3 and eight radial webs 4 the face on which the carbon ring washer later should be glued on. Between each two adjacent radial webs 4 and these with each other connecting sections of the inner ring web 2 and the outer ring web 3, a pocket-shaped depression 5 is formed. The through the bottoms 6 of the pocket-shaped recesses 5th formed end face between the webs lies in one axis normal level. The one on the opposite side of the Conductor blanks 1 shaped radial grooves 7 have a trapezoidal cross-section. They run parallel to the Radial webs 4 and have a depth that their groove base 8th is essentially in the same plane as the floors 6 of the pocket-shaped depressions 5.

Die Fig. 3 und 4 veranschaulichen das aus dem Leiterrohling gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 sowie dem an diesem angeformten, den Nabenkörper 9 bildenden Preßteil bestehende Verbundteil 10, nachdem dieses stirnseitig, nämlich auf der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Stirnseite bearbeitet worden ist. Das zuvor erfolgte Anformen des aus Preßmasse bestehenden Nabenkörpers entspricht dem Stand der Technik, wie er beispielsweise der WO97/03486 entnehmbar ist, so daß es an dieser Stelle keiner Erläuterungen bedarf. Die stirnseitige Bearbeitung des Verbundteils 10 umfaßt dessen stirnseitiges Abdrehen zum Entfernen des Innenringstegs 2, des Außenringstegs 3 und der Radialstege 4. Nach dem Entfernen der Stege hat der Leiterrohling eine geschlossene, ringförmige, ebene Stirnfläche in der durch die Böden 6 der taschenförmigen Vertiefungen 5 gebildeten Ebene. Diese Ringfläche wird im folgenden weiter abgedreht, und zwar so weit, bis die Nuten 7 im Bereich ihres Nutgrundes 8 vollständig geöffnet sind. Die Lage dieser Bearbeitungsebene 11 ist in Fig. 2 veranschaulicht. Ersichtlich genügt ein minimaler Materialabtrag der geschlossenen, ringförmigen, ebenen Stirnfläche des Leiterrohlings, um die mit Preßstoff gefüllten Nuten 8 zu öffnen. Bei noch tieferer Ausbildung der Nuten 7 als in Fig. 2 dargestellt wäre sogar möglich, die Radialnuten zu öffnen, während noch der Innenringsteg 2, der Außenringsteg 3 und die Radialstege 4 abgetragen werden.3 and 4 illustrate this from the conductor blank 1 and 2 and the molded on this, the Composite part 10 forming the hub body 9, after this end, namely on the in Fig. 1st shown end face has been edited. That before molded on the hub body made of molding compound corresponds to the prior art, such as the WO97 / 03486 can be removed, so that there is none at this point Explanation is needed. The frontal processing of the Composite part 10 comprises its end-side twisting for Removing the inner ring web 2, the outer ring web 3 and the Radial bars 4. After removing the bars, the conductor blank has a closed, annular, flat face in through the bottoms 6 of the pocket-shaped depressions 5 educated level. This ring area will be expanded in the following turned off, until the grooves 7 in the area of their Groove base 8 are fully open. The location of this Processing plane 11 is illustrated in FIG. 2. Obviously, a minimal material removal of the closed, annular, flat end face of the conductor blank, to open the grooves 8 filled with molding material. At still deeper formation of the grooves 7 than shown in Fig. 2 would even be possible to open the radial grooves while still the inner ring web 2, the outer ring web 3 and the radial webs 4 be removed.

Infolge des Öffnens der Nuten 7 durch die stirnseitige Bearbeitung des Verbundteils 10 ist der in den Fig. 1 und 2 veranschaulichte Leiterrohling in acht getrennte Leitersegmente 12 unterteilt worden. Zwischen jeweils zwei Leitersegmenten 12 befindet sich jeweils eine aus Preßstoff geformte Rippe 13 des Nabenkörpers 9.As a result of the opening of the grooves 7 through the front Machining of the composite part 10 is that in FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrated conductor blank in eight separate conductor segments 12 have been divided. Between each two conductor segments 12 each is made of a press material shaped rib 13 of the hub body 9.

Bei der stirnseitigen Bearbeitung des Verbundteils 10 wurde ein innerer ringförmiger Bereich ausgespart, so daß ein aus Preßmasse bestehender, ringförmiger innerer Fixiersteg 14 stehengeblieben ist. Wichtig ist in diesem Zusammenhang, daß der aus Preßstoff geformte Nabenkörper 9 eine innere Hülse 15 umfaßt, die radial innerhalb der zentralen Bohrung 16 des Leiterrohlings 1 angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise kann der Leiterrohling 1 stirnseitig über seine gesamte radiale Erstreckung bearbeitet werden und zugleich radial innerhalb der zentralen Bohrung 16 des Leiterrohlings 1 der Fixiersteg 14 stehengelassen werden. In Fig. 3 ist des weiteren veranschaulicht, daß die an den Wandabschnitten 17 der Leitersegmente 12 angeformten Hakenelemente 18 aus ihrer in Fig. 1 dargestellten radial abstehenden Stellung heraus umgebogen worden sind.When processing the composite part 10 was an inner annular region is recessed so that an out Pressing compound of existing, ring-shaped inner fixing web 14 has stopped. It is important in this context that the molded hub body 9 an inner sleeve 15th comprises the radially inside the central bore 16 of the Conductor blank 1 is arranged. In this way, the Conductor blank 1 on the end face over its entire radial Extension can be edited and at the same time radially inside the central bore 16 of the conductor blank 1 of the fixing web 14 can be left. In Fig. 3 is further illustrated that the to Wall sections 17 of the conductor segments 12 formed Hook elements 18 from their radial shown in Fig. 1 protruding position have been bent out.

Fig. 5 dient lediglich der Veranschaulichung dessen, daß zur Herstellung der späteren Kohlenstoffsegmente eine kostengünstig und mit geringem Aufwand herstellbare Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 Verwendung findet. Der Außenumfang 20 der Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 ist exakt auf den Außenumfang 21 des stirnseitig bearbeiteten Verbundteils 10 abgestimmt dergestalt, daß der Außendurchmesser der Kohlenstoffrinascheibe 19 mit dem Außendurchmesser des Verbundteils 10 im Bereich der Bearbeitungsebene 11 übereinstimmt. Der Durchmesser der Bohrung 22 der Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 ist etwa 0,1 mm geringer als der Außendurchmesser des Fixierstegs 14 des Verbundteils 10. Dies begünstigt, daß der Kohlenstoffring 14 bereits vor der Ausführung der Verklebung mit dem Verbundteil 10 während des Herstellverfahrens lagesicher positioniert ist und zwischen den miteinander zu verklebenden Teilen vorhandener Klebstoff nicht entweichen kann.Fig. 5 serves only to illustrate that for Manufacture of the later carbon segments an inexpensive and carbon ring disk that can be produced with little effort 19 is used. The outer circumference 20 of the Carbon ring disk 19 is exactly on the outer circumference 21 of the composite part 10 machined on the end face such that the outer diameter of the carbon rina 19 with the outer diameter of the composite part 10 in the area of the processing plane 11 coincides. The Diameter of the bore 22 of the carbon ring disc 19 is about 0.1 mm smaller than the outside diameter of the fixing web 14 of the composite part 10. This favors that the carbon ring 14 even before carrying out the bonding with the composite part 10 in a secure position during the manufacturing process is positioned and between those to be glued together Parts of existing adhesive cannot escape.

Zwei besondere Details des Fixierstegs 14 sind in Fig. 6, die den aus Verbundkörper 10 und aufgeklebter Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 gebildeten Kommutatorrohling 23 zeigt, gut zu erkennen. Zum einen verjüngt sich die Außenfläche 24 des Fixierstegs 14 vom Bereich des maximalen Durchmessers in Richtung auf die Bearbeitungsebene 11 hin; mit anderen Worten, der Außendurchmesser des Fixierstegs 14 nimmt vom Bereich eines maximalen Durchmessers in Richtung auf die Bearbeitungsebene 11 hin ab. Auf diese Weise entsteht am Außenumfang des Fixierstegs 14 eine umlaufende ringnutartige Vertiefung, die beim Verkleben der Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 mit dem Verbundteil 10 mit Klebstoff gefüllt wird. Die auf diese Weise gebildete Klebstofftasche 25 mit etwa keilförmigem Querschnitt begünstigt die mechanisch feste und dichte Verbindung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 und der aus ihr hervorgehenden Kohlenstoffsegmente mit dem Verbundteil 10. Des weiteren ist die Anfasung 26 des Fixierstegs 14 erkennbar, die im Hinblick auf das Übermaß des Fixierstegs gegenüber der Bohrung 22 der Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 von Bedeutung ist, um eine Beschädigung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe während der Montage auszuschließen.Two special details of the fixing web 14 are shown in FIG the composite body 10 and glued-on carbon ring disk 19 formed commutator blank 23, clearly visible. On the one hand, the outer surface 24 tapers of the fixing web 14 from the range of the maximum diameter in Direction towards the working plane 11; with others Words, the outer diameter of the fixing web 14 increases Range of a maximum diameter towards the Processing level 11 down. In this way, on Outer periphery of the fixing web 14 has a circumferential annular groove-like Indentation that occurs when the carbon ring disk 19 is glued is filled with the composite part 10 with adhesive. The on this way formed adhesive bag 25 with approximately wedge-shaped Cross section favors the mechanically firm and tight connection of the carbon washer 19 and the your emerging carbon segments with the composite part 10. Furthermore, the chamfer 26 of the fixing web 14 recognizable with regard to the excess of the fixing web opposite the bore 22 of the carbon washer 19 from Importance is to damage the carbon ring disc excluded during assembly.

Die Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 wird, wie weiter oben umfassend ausgeführt wurde, mit dem Verbundteil 10 verklebt. Als Kleber wird eine Mischung aus thermoplastischem Kunststoffpulver (PPS) und duroplastischem Kunststoffpulver verwendet. PPS zeichnet sich durch seine hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit und seine hohe Beständigkeit in Treibstoffen aus. Eine der beiden Klebflächen wird mit dem Klebstoffpulververschnitt sowie mit Metallpulver bestäubt. Als Metallpulver, dessen Aufgabe darin besteht, eine ausreichende Leitfähigkeit zu gewährleisten, wird ein aus Korrosionsgründen versilbertes Kupferpulver mit eine Körnungsbereich von 40 bis 90 µm verwendet. Der Anteil des Metallpulvers an dem mit ihm gefüllten Klebstoff liegt zwischen 25 % und 50 %. Es wird gerade so viel Kunststoffpulver auf die Klebfläche aufgestreut, daß die Oberfläche gleichmäßig und dicht bedeckt ist. Dann werden das Verbundteil 10 und die Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 zusammengefügt und unter einem Druck von ca. 5 N/mm2 auf ca. 300°C erwärmt. Dabei schmilzt der Kleber auf und dringt in die Poren der Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 ein. Nach einer kurzen Haltezeit von ca. 5 Sekunden wird abgekühlt. Dabei erstarrt der in die Poren eingedrungene Kleber und bewirkt so einen mechanischen Formschluß. Dadurch wird eine optimale Haftung erzielt, die jener einer Lötung überlegen ist. Das Metallpulver bildet die Kontaktbrücken zwischen den Leitersegmenten 12 und der Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19, was einen sehr niedrigen Übergangswiderstand bewirkt. Die Stärke der Klebstoffschicht 27 beträgt im Endzustand maximal 500 µm, wobei, wie weiter oben dargelegt ist, der Klebstoff teilweise in die Poren der Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 eingedrungen und dort ausgehärtet ist.The carbon ring disk 19 is glued to the composite part 10, as was explained in detail above. A mixture of thermoplastic powder (PPS) and thermosetting plastic powder is used as the adhesive. PPS is characterized by its high temperature resistance and its high resistance in fuels. One of the two adhesive surfaces is dusted with the adhesive powder waste as well as with metal powder. A copper powder with a grain size range of 40 to 90 µm, silver-plated for corrosion reasons, is used as the metal powder, the task of which is to ensure sufficient conductivity. The proportion of metal powder in the adhesive filled with it is between 25% and 50%. Just enough plastic powder is sprinkled on the adhesive surface that the surface is evenly and densely covered. Then the composite part 10 and the carbon ring disk 19 are joined together and heated to approximately 300 ° C. under a pressure of approximately 5 N / mm 2 . The adhesive melts and penetrates into the pores of the carbon ring disk 19. After a short holding time of approx. 5 seconds, the mixture is cooled. The adhesive that has penetrated into the pores solidifies, thus creating a mechanical positive connection. This achieves optimal adhesion that is superior to that of soldering. The metal powder forms the contact bridges between the conductor segments 12 and the carbon ring disk 19, which causes a very low contact resistance. In the final state, the thickness of the adhesive layer 27 is a maximum of 500 μm, whereby, as explained above, the adhesive has partially penetrated into the pores of the carbon ring disc 19 and has hardened there.

Durch das Einstreuen der leitenden Partikel in die Klebstoffmasse werden die für die elektrische Leitung verantwortlichen Partikel in den Klebstoff eingebettet und sind auf diese Weise gegen elektrische und chemische Reaktionen mit dem Umgebungsmedium geschützt. Des weiteren ist der jedem einzelnen Leitersegment 12 zugeordnete Kontaktflächenbereich durch Verklebung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 mit Preßmasse radial innen, im Bereich des Fixierstegs 14, sowie in Umfangsrichtung im Bereich der Rippen 13 gegen Eindringen von aggressiven Medien abgedichtet. Im Falle einer Ummantelung des Außenumfangs des Verbundteils 10 im Bereich der Wandabschnitte 17 durch einen aus Preßmasse gebildeten Ringmantel wäre auch radial außen eine entsprechende Verbindung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe bzw. der späteren Kohlenstoffsegmente mit der Preßmasse im Bereich des Außenumfangs möglich, um auch in diesem Bereich ein Eindringen von aggressiven Substanzen in den Bereich der Kontaktflächen zu unterbinden.By sprinkling the conductive particles into the adhesive mass become those responsible for electrical wiring Particles are embedded in the adhesive and are on it Way against electrical and chemical reactions with the Ambient medium protected. Furthermore, everyone is individual conductor segment 12 assigned contact area by gluing the carbon ring disk 19 with molding compound radially inside, in the area of the fixing web 14, as well as in Circumferential direction in the region of the ribs 13 against the ingress of aggressive media sealed. In the case of a casing the outer circumference of the composite part 10 in the region of the wall sections 17 by a ring jacket formed from molding compound would also be a corresponding connection radially outside Carbon ring disc or the later carbon segments possible with the molding compound in the area of the outer circumference penetration of aggressive also in this area To prevent substances in the area of the contact surfaces.

Um am Außenumfang des Kommutatorrohlings 23 herausgequollene Klebstoffreste 28 zu entfernen, wird, wie dies in Fig. 7 veranschaulicht ist, nach Aushärten des Klebstoffs im Bereich der Klebschicht 27 eine Umfangsnut 29 eingedreht. Damit ist der Kommutatorrohling 23 soweit vorbereitet, daß lediglich noch die Kohlenstoffringscheibe 19 durch Trennschnitte 30 in Kohlenstoffsegmente 31 zu unterteilen sind. In der linken Hälfte der Fig. 7 ist dargestellt, daß sich der Trennschnitt 30 in die Preßstoffrippe 13 hinein erstreckt. Dabei wird auch der Fixiersteg 14 durch die Trennschnitte 30 unterteilt, so daß insbesondere ein Stromfluß zwischen den einzelnen Leitersegmenten über den mit Metallpartikeln gefüllten Klebstoff ausgeschlossen ist. To swell out on the outer circumference of the commutator blank 23 Removing adhesive residue 28 is done as shown in FIG. 7 is illustrated, after curing of the adhesive in the area a circumferential groove 29 is screwed into the adhesive layer 27. So that is the commutator blank 23 prepared so far that only still the carbon ring washer 19 by cutting cuts 30 in Carbon segments 31 are to be subdivided. In the left Half of Fig. 7 is shown that the separation cut 30 extends into the molding rib 13. It will also the fixing web 14 divided by the separating cuts 30, so that in particular a current flow between the individual conductor segments over the adhesive filled with metal particles is excluded.

Fig. 8 veranschaulicht in einem Tangentialschnitt den Bereich zwischen zwei Leitersegmenten 12 und den diesen zugeordneten Kohlenstoffsegmenten 31. Erkennbar ist wiederum, daß der Trennschnitt 30, der die Kohlenstoffringscheibe in die beiden hier dargestellten Kohlenstoffsegmente 31 unterteilt, sich in die Preßstoffrippe 13 des Nabenkörpers 9 hinein erstreckt und dabei auch die Klebstoffschicht 27 durchtrennt. Erkennbar ist des weiteren, daß die Breite des Trennschnitts 30 geringer ist als die Breite der Preßstoffrippe 13. Auf diese Weise wird unmittelbar angrenzend an den Trennschnitt 30 jedes der beiden Kohlenstoffsegmente 31 fest mit der Preßstoffrippe 13 des Nabenkörpers 9 verklebt, was ein Ausbrechen der Kohlenstoffsegmente 31 an ihrer Basis beim Einbringen der Trennschnitte 30 wirksam verhindert.8 illustrates the area in a tangential section between two conductor segments 12 and those assigned to them Carbon segments 31. It can again be seen that the Separation cut 30, which the carbon ring disc in the two Carbon segments 31 shown here divided into the press rib 13 of the hub body 9 extends into and thereby also cutting through the adhesive layer 27. Is recognizable further that the width of the separating cut 30 is smaller is than the width of the molding rib 13. In this way is immediately adjacent to the cut 30 each of the two carbon segments 31 firmly with the press rib 13 of the hub body 9 glued, causing a breakout of the carbon segments 31 at their base when making the separating cuts 30 effectively prevented.

Die Fig. 9 bis 13 veranschaulichen eine Alternative zu dem vorstehend erläuterten Herstellverfahren. Sie entsprechend in erheblichem Umfang den Fig. 2, 3, 4, 7 und 8; im Umfang der Übereinstimmung zu jenen Figuren wird auf die vorstehenden Ausführungen verwiesen. Die nachstehende Beschreibung beschränkt sich daher auf die maßgebliche Unterschiede des in den Fig. 9 bis 13 veranschaulichten Herstellverfahrens gegenüber im Herstellverfahren gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 8.9 to 13 illustrate an alternative to that Manufacturing process explained above. You accordingly in considerable amounts of Figures 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8. to the extent of Correspondence to those figures is indicated on the above Executions referenced. The description below is therefore limited to the significant differences of the in 9 to 13 illustrated manufacturing process compared in the manufacturing process according to FIGS. 1 to 8.

Der Vergleich der Fig. 9 und 2 zeigt, daß die Radialnutten 7' im Falle der hier beschriebenen Variante eine geringere Tiefe aufweisen als die Radialnuten 7 des weiter oben erläuterten Herstellverfahrens. Hieraus folgt, daß bei der stirnseitigen Bearbeitung des aus dem Leiterrohling und dem Nabenkörper bestehenden Verbundteils 10' bis zur Bearbeitungsebene 11 die Nuten 7' nicht geöffnet werden. Vielmehr bleiben die späteren Leitersegmente des Leiterrohlings über Verbindungsstege 32 miteinander verbunden. Ein bevorzugtes Maß für die Dicke der Verbindungsstege 32 beträgt bei einem Plankommutator typischer Dimensionierung etwa 0,3 mm. The comparison of FIGS. 9 and 2 shows that the radial grooves 7 ' in the case of the variant described here, a smaller depth have than the radial grooves 7 of the above Manufacturing process. It follows that the front Machining of the conductor blank and the hub body existing composite part 10 'to the processing level 11 the Grooves 7 'cannot be opened. Rather, the later remain Conductor segments of the conductor blank via connecting webs 32 connected with each other. A preferred measure of the thickness of the Connecting webs 32 is in a face commutator typical dimensioning about 0.3 mm.

Die Kohlenstoffringscheibe wird somit auf die durch die stirnseitige Bearbeitung hergestellte ringförmige Fläche 33 des Leiterrohlings 1' aufgeklebt. Das Unterteilen des Leiterrohlings 1' in die Leitersegmente 12' erfolgt in einem Arbeitsgang mit dem Unterteilen der Kohlenstoffringscheibe in Kohlenstoffsegmente 31' durch Trennschnitte 30', welche sich bis in die Preßmasse des Nabenkörpers in den Nuten 7' hinein erstrecken.The carbon ring disc is thus on the by Machined end face 33 of the conductor blank 1 'glued on. Dividing the conductor blank 1 'into the conductor segments 12' takes place in one Operation with dividing the carbon ring disc into Carbon segments 31 'by separating cuts 30', which are up into the molding compound of the hub body in the grooves 7 ' extend.

Abweichend von der weiter oben beschriebenen Vorgehensweise wird im übrigen bei dem in den Fig. 9 bis 13 veranschaulichten Verfahren nicht im Bereich der Klebeschicht zwischen der Stirnfläche des Leiterrohlings und der Kohlenstoffringscheibe eine Umfangsnut eingedreht; vielmehr wird die gesamte Kohlenstoffringscheibe an ihrem radial äußeren Umfang geringfügig überdreht, so daß die Kohlenstoffringscheibe anschließend einen geringfügig geringeren Durchmesser aufweist als der Leiterrohling. Die Umfangsbearbeitung der Kohlenstoffringscheibe des Kommutatorrohlings erstreckt sich dabei bis auf das Niveau der Verbindungsstege 32 zwischen den späteren Leitersegmenten 12', so daß mögliche aus der Verbindungsebene herausgequetschte Klebstoffreste entfernt werden. In Fig. 12 ist der Bereich der Umfangsbearbeitung des Kommutatorrohlings durch eine Stufe 34 am Außenumfang angedeutet.Deviating from the procedure described above is otherwise the one illustrated in Figs. 9 to 13 Process not in the area of the adhesive layer between the face of the conductor blank and the carbon ring washer a circumferential groove is screwed in; rather will the entire carbon washer on its radially outer Slightly overturned the circumference so that the carbon ring washer then a slightly smaller one Has diameter than the conductor blank. The scope processing the carbon ring disc of the commutator blank extends to the level of the connecting bridges 32 between the later conductor segments 12 ', so that possible adhesive residue squeezed out of the connection level be removed. In Fig. 12 is the area of the peripheral machining the commutator blank through a stage 34 am Outer circumference indicated.

Claims (19)

  1. A method of producing a flat commutator with a hub body (9, 9') formed from an insulating moulded material, a plurality of conductor segments (12, 12') and an equal number of carbon segments (31, 31') that form the bearing surface, comprising the following stages:
    the hub body (9. 9') is formed onto a conductor blank (1, 1') that is provided with radial grooves (7, 7'), the said grooves being filled with moulded material;
    the composite part (10, 10') consisting of the conductor blank (1, 1') and the hub body (9, 9') is then machined on the face of the conductor blank (1, 1') facing away from the hub body (9, 9'), the annular inner fixing rib (14) consisting of a moulding material being left during the machining of the front face of the composite part (10);
    to form a commutator blank (23), a carbon disc (19) is placed on the machined face of the composite part (10, 10') while electrically conductive connections are made to the conductor blank (1') or the conductor segments (12) produced from it; and
    the carbon disc (19) is divided into carbon segments (31. 31') by cuts (30.30') extending deep into the moulded material filling the grooves (7, 7'), whereby the conductor blank (1, 1') is divided into conductor segments (12, 12') either during the machining of the front face by opening the radial grooves (7) filled with the moulded material or by separating cuts (30') made later,
    characterised in that the inner annular fixing rib (14) is produced in such a manner that its outside diameter becomes smaller in the direction of machining, and in that the carbon disc (19) is bonded onto the machined face of the composite part (10, 10') consisting of the conductor blank (1, 1') and the hub body (9, 9').
  2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that the maximum outside diameter of the fixing rib (14) is larger than the inside diameter of the bore (22) in the carbon disc (19) before it is fitted to the composite part (10).
  3. A process according to claim 2, characterised in that the positive allowance for interference fit is approx. 0.1 mm.
  4. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the outer face corner of the fixing rib (14) is chamfered at an angle between 10° and 45°.
  5. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the conductor blank (1) has an inner annular rib (2), an outer annular rib (3) and radial ribs (4), the ribs (2, 3, 4) protruding above the remaining front face so that pocket-like depressions (5) are formed between the ribs.
  6. A process according to claim 5, characterised in that the bottoms (8) of the radial grooves (7) in the conductor blank (1) extend mainly in the same plane as the front face (6) between the ribs.
  7. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that, in order to produce the bonded connection between the carbon disc (19) and the composite part (10), at least one of the two parts is sprayed with thermoplastic and/or duroplastic powder and metal powder before they are joined together, and that the two parts are then pressed together and heated.
  8. A process according to claim 7, characterised in that a mixture of thermoplastic and duroplastic powder is used, the melting temperature of the thermoplastic plastic being at least 290°C.
  9. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterised in that, to produce the bonded connection between the carbon disc (19) and the composite part (10, 10'), an adhesive filled with an electrically conductive metallic or non-metallic filler in the form of powders, swarf or fibres is applied to at least one of the two parts before there are joined together.
  10. A process according to claim 9, characterised in that the amount of filler in relation to the volume of the adhesive used is between 5% and 95%, preferably between 25% and 50%.
  11. A process according to one of the claims 9 or 10, characterised in that a metal powder with a grain size between 40 µm and 90 µm is used as the filler.
  12. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterised in that, after the bonding process, a peripheral groove (29) is cut in the commutator blank (23) in the area of the joint plane between the composite part (10) and the carbon disc (19).
  13. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterised in that, after the bonding process, the carbon disc (19) and an adjacent part of the conductor blank (1') are machined down on the outside.
  14. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the conductor blank (1, 1') has basically a pot-like shape, the subsequent conductor segments (12, 12') being connected together over the whole radial range.
  15. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the conductor blank (1, 1') has axially protruding holding claws spaced over its inside peripheral edge.
  16. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the conductor blank (1, 1') has axially protruding wall sections (17, 17'), each with a contact tag, spaced over its outer peripheral edge.
  17. A process according to one of the claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the conductor blank (1') is not divided into conductor segments (12') during the machining of the front face on the composite part (10') before bonding the carbon disc (19) to it but rather by separating cuts (30') made after the bonding of the carbon disc (19), particularly in the operation dividing the carbon disc into carbon segments (31').
  18. Flat commutator with a hub body (9, 9') formed from an insulating moulded material, a plurality of conductor segments (12, 12') and an equal number of carbon segments (31, 31') that form the bearing surface, the carbon segments (31, 31') being bonded to the conductor segments (12, 12'), and the hub body (9, 9') having an inner fixing rib (14, 14') at which the carbon segments (31, 31') rest with their radial inside faces, characterised in that the outside diameter of the fixing rib (14, 14') is becomes smaller towards the conductor segments (12, 12').
  19. Flat commutator according to claim 18, characterised in that the carbon segments (12) are bonded, in the area of their edges defined by radial air gaps separating each two carbon segments, with ribs of moulded material (13) of the hub body (9).
EP00945694A 1999-06-02 2000-05-31 Method of producing a flat commutator and a flat commutator produced according to said method Expired - Lifetime EP1181748B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200030156T SI1181748T1 (en) 1999-06-02 2000-05-31 Method of producing a flat commutator and a flat commutator produced according to said method

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19925286 1999-06-02
DE19925286A DE19925286A1 (en) 1999-06-02 1999-06-02 Method for producing a flat commutator and a flat commutator produced by this method
PCT/EP2000/004971 WO2000074181A1 (en) 1999-06-02 2000-05-31 Method of producing a flat commutator and a flat commutator produced according to said method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1181748A1 EP1181748A1 (en) 2002-02-27
EP1181748B1 true EP1181748B1 (en) 2003-05-14

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EP00945694A Expired - Lifetime EP1181748B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2000-05-31 Method of producing a flat commutator and a flat commutator produced according to said method

Country Status (11)

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US (1) US6684485B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1181748B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003501989A (en)
KR (1) KR100659960B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1182633C (en)
AT (1) ATE240600T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0011563A (en)
DE (2) DE19925286A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1181748T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2198326T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2000074181A1 (en)

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MXPA05006707A (en) * 2000-05-31 2005-09-08 Kolektor Group Doo Method of producing a flat commutator and a flat commutator produced according to said method.
GB2371261B (en) * 2001-01-22 2004-04-07 Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc Electrical component with conductive tracks
US6894419B2 (en) * 2001-02-28 2005-05-17 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Current passing circuit board for rotary electric machine inserted in molded resin
DE10115601C1 (en) 2001-03-29 2002-09-05 Kolektor D O O Drum commutator manufacturing method has conductor blank combined with carbon sleeve before application of insulating carrier body and removal of bridging sections between conductor segments
DE102004009047A1 (en) * 2004-02-23 2005-09-22 Schunk Motorensysteme Gmbh rotor motor
DE102005028791A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-28 Kautt & Bux Gmbh Plan commutator and method for producing a flat commutator
DE112006003837T5 (en) * 2006-04-13 2009-02-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp. DC motor
DE102006046666A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Flat commutator for e.g. electrical machine, has bar widened in circumferential direction when axially viewed from brush running surface in direction of connection hook and/or viewed from connection hook in direction of running surface
GB0800464D0 (en) * 2008-01-11 2008-02-20 Johnson Electric Sa Improvement in or relating to a commutator
CN101924315B (en) * 2009-06-16 2014-09-03 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 Commutator and manufacturing method thereof
DE102009057063A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Kolektor Group D.O.O. Method for producing a flat commutator and flat commutator
RU2461106C1 (en) * 2011-06-23 2012-09-10 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" Device for motor commutator machining
CN104064936A (en) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-24 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 Commutator and manufacture method thereof
CN103531989B (en) * 2013-10-25 2015-08-19 中电电机股份有限公司 The manufacturing installation of high speed collar formula commutator insulating ring and manufacture method
HUE047202T2 (en) * 2015-09-02 2020-04-28 Schunk Carbon Technology Gmbh Disc blank for the preparation of commutator lamellae
CN106911232B (en) * 2017-04-01 2024-04-16 宁波韵升电驱动技术有限公司 Pressing device and pressing method for armature commutator
US11040512B2 (en) 2017-11-08 2021-06-22 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Composite structures, forming apparatuses and related systems and methods
CN114871705B (en) * 2022-06-06 2023-09-15 中船九江精达科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of self-stabilizing high-precision conductive thin-wall circular ring and processing clamp thereof

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6684485B1 (en) 2004-02-03
BR0011563A (en) 2002-02-26
DE50002190D1 (en) 2003-06-18
ES2198326T3 (en) 2004-02-01
CN1351771A (en) 2002-05-29
DE19925286A1 (en) 2000-12-07
EP1181748A1 (en) 2002-02-27
WO2000074181A1 (en) 2000-12-07
CN1182633C (en) 2004-12-29
ATE240600T1 (en) 2003-05-15
DK1181748T3 (en) 2003-06-10
KR100659960B1 (en) 2006-12-22
KR20020022685A (en) 2002-03-27
JP2003501989A (en) 2003-01-14

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