EP1175781A1 - Procede et appareil de controle d'acces de services televisuels a la carte pre-cryptes - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de controle d'acces de services televisuels a la carte pre-cryptes

Info

Publication number
EP1175781A1
EP1175781A1 EP00922124A EP00922124A EP1175781A1 EP 1175781 A1 EP1175781 A1 EP 1175781A1 EP 00922124 A EP00922124 A EP 00922124A EP 00922124 A EP00922124 A EP 00922124A EP 1175781 A1 EP1175781 A1 EP 1175781A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
odb
accordance
content
encrypted content
user terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00922124A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Reem Safadi
Lawrence D. Vince
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arris Technology Inc
Original Assignee
Arris Technology Inc
General Instrument Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arris Technology Inc, General Instrument Corp filed Critical Arris Technology Inc
Publication of EP1175781A1 publication Critical patent/EP1175781A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/167—Systems rendering the television signal unintelligible and subsequently intelligible
    • H04N7/1675—Providing digital key or authorisation information for generation or regeneration of the scrambling sequence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
    • H04N21/2347—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream encryption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
    • H04N21/2347—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream encryption
    • H04N21/23473—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream encryption by pre-encrypting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H04N21/47202—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting content on demand, e.g. video on demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6405—Multicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/162—Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing
    • H04N7/165—Centralised control of user terminal ; Registering at central
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17318—Direct or substantially direct transmission and handling of requests

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the communication of information services over a communication network, and more particularly to providing access control for signals containing audiovisual content and services, such as on-demand television programming.
  • signals containing audiovisual content and services such as on-demand television programming.
  • systems In order to render subscription programming services and the like commercially viable, systems must be provided for preventing non-paying individuals from obtaining the services.
  • Such "access control" systems can take various forms, but generally include some type of modification (e.g., scrambling) or encryption of the signals that carry the services. Only authorized subscribers have access to the elements (e.g., cryptographic keys) necessary to satisfactorily receive the signals.
  • Pre-encryption is inherently not as secure as real-time encryption.
  • on-demand content security requirements are less stringent than those of broadcast content. For example, there is no a priori knowledge of when certain content will be requested in the on-demand case. In the broadcast case, the content is always being sent and the schedules are known ahead of time .
  • MPAA Motion Picture Association of America
  • Entitlement control should be upgradeable without impacting content providers or server vendors. Stronger solutions should be able to be incorporated gradually as the need dictates.
  • the present invention can be adapted for use with different types of provider networks, e.g. satellite and Internet based networks.
  • the present invention provides a system having these and other advantages.
  • the invention disclosed herein extends existing encryption capability, such as that provided by the Digicipher II (DCII) system available from General Instrument Corporation of Horsham, Pennsylvania, USA, the assignee of the present invention, to handle pre-encrypted content that is requested on demand by a viewer or is sent to a group of viewers.
  • DCII Digicipher II
  • the method of the invention is also upgradeable to facilitate implementations of entitlement control algorithms that vary in sophistication as the need dictates.
  • the method is extensible to enable encryption control that is independent of the transport protocol used. Such protocols include, for example, MPEG-2 and Internet Protocol (IP) .
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • a method and apparatus are provided for access control of pre-encrypted on-demand content.
  • the content is pre-encrypted by an encryption device controlled by a pre-encryption controller.
  • the pre-encrypted content is forwarded from the encryption device to a server.
  • the server may be a main server or a local distribution server.
  • the pre-encryption controller provides a first tag to the user terminal and a second tag to the server. Said first tag being associated with said second tag and said second tag acts as a reference to the pre- encrypted content and associated first tag, wherein said first and second tags are unique to the pre- encrypted content and are tracked by the pre- encryption controller.
  • the pre-encrypted content is communicated from the server to a user terminal via a first communication path.
  • An entitlement authorization associated with the encrypted content is communicated to a user terminal (e.g., a "client device" such as a set-top box) via a second communication path independent of said first communication path.
  • Authorization to access the pre-encrypted content is determined based on said entitlement authorization and said first tag upon demand of said content by a user.
  • the user terminal may be a set-top box, a digital television or a host with point-of- deployment (POD) capability, or a personal computer (PC) or the like that provides the functionality of a set-top box.
  • the pre-encryption controller acts to set up the encryption device for pre-encrypting the content.
  • the set up of the encryption device is outside the scope of this invention. For background purposes, it will suffice to state that the pre- encryption controller, through bi-directional communication with the encryption device, configures the encryption device with appropriate parametric values and commands to enable the encryption device appropriately to encrypt the content.
  • the server is a main server (e.g., a head-end server) which communicates the pre-encrypted content and first tag to the user terminal via a local distribution server.
  • the pre-encryption controller is in communication with a local distribution controller (e.g., a head-end controller in a cable television implementation) , which local distribution controller communicates the entitlement authorization to the user terminal.
  • the first tag is an opaque data block (ODB) and the second tag is a unique reference handle (URH) .
  • ODB opaque data block
  • UURH unique reference handle
  • the ODB and URH are both forwarded to both the local distribution controller and the server from the pre-encryption controller. In an alternate embodiment, only the URH is forwarded to the main server and the ODB is communicated from the local distribution controller to the local distribution server.
  • the ODB or the URH may be stored as an attribute of the encrypted content.
  • both the URH and the ODB are stored as an attribute of the encrypted content.
  • the ODB may be processed at the local distribution controller to generate a second ODB, which second ODB is forwarded from the local distribution controller to the local distribution server.
  • This processing at the local distribution controller may include algorithmically modifying the ODB.
  • Such reprocessing of the ODB at the local distribution controller provides an added level of security since the post-processing ODBs are no longer the same across multiple local distribution controllers .
  • the ODB itself may be coded in a manner that is not readily discernable by third parties.
  • the ODB content may include an encryption key to be used for decryption or used to derive the key for decryption.
  • the ODB may also include a hierarchy of encryption keys whose ultimate use is the derivation of the relevant key for decryption but with added levels of security. In this manner the ODB content is securable as deemed necessary without burdening the content providers or service vendors.
  • the ODB itself may also be encrypted, using, for example, the recipient's public key.
  • the pre-encrypted content may be broadcast, multicast, or singlecast such that only a user terminal with appropriate entitlement authorization will be able to decrypt the broadcast, multicast, or singlecast content.
  • the pre-encrypted content may be accessed via the Internet.
  • the entitlement authorization may comprise at least one of (i) an entitlement authorization for a service carrying the content, (ii) an entitlement authorization for the content itself, and (iii) an entitlement authorization for using ODB.
  • a client application (typically software residing in a user terminal such as a set-top box) then requests specific content from the server, such as a video on demand (VOD) movie or any other interactive content.
  • the ODB is forwarded from a server application to the client application software that typically resides in a central processor (CPU) of the user terminal.
  • the server starts sending the pre-encrypted content to the user terminal.
  • the ODB is then forwarded from the client application via an application program interface in the CPU to a kernel located in the user terminal.
  • the ODB is then processed in the user terminal in conjunction with the received entitlement authorization to determine whether to decrypt the received pre-encrypted content . Processing may be provided by a secure processor located in the user terminal or a software task included in the user terminal CPU.
  • the pre- encrypted content is received by the user terminal and decrypted when authorization is granted. Upon authorization, the content will be processed for display.
  • the pre-encrypted content may be received by the secure processor via a conventional receiver circuit.
  • the pre-encrypted content may be received by the secure processor via direct memory access from device memory.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of the functional components of the flexible pre-encryption architecture of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the functional components of the flexible pre-encryption architecture of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the relevant components of a user terminal in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the main components of an on-demand content communication system in accordance with the present invention.
  • a method and apparatus are provided for access control of pre-encrypted on-demand content.
  • the video encoder and post encoding processors are not shown, since they are well known in the art.
  • any type of post processing to be done on the content file/data stream is performed prior to encryption.
  • a pre-encryption controller 10 sets up an encryption device 14 for encryption of the content 15.
  • a server 12 forwards the content file/stream to the encryption device 14 for encryption of the content prior to distribution ("pre-encryption").
  • the encryption device encrypts the content file and forwards the pre-encrypted content back to the main server 12.
  • the pre-encryption controller 10 acts to set up the encryption device 14 for pre-encrypting the content.
  • the set up of the encryption device 14 is outside the scope of this invention. For background purposes, it will suffice to state that the pre- encryption controller 10, through bi-directional communication with the encryption device 14, configures the encryption device 14 with appropriate parametric values and commands to enable the encryption device 14 appropriately to encrypt the content .
  • the pre-encrypted content is forwarded from the encryption device 14 to a server 12.
  • the server may be a main server or a local distribution server.
  • the pre-encryption controller provides a first tag and a second tag to the server 12 via line 17.
  • the first tag is also provided to a user terminal 20 via line 19 or 21 depending upon the particular implementation, the first tag being associated with said second tag.
  • the second tag acts as a reference to the pre-encrypted content and associated first tag, wherein the first and second tags are unique to the pre-encrypted content and are tracked by the pre-encryption controller 10.
  • the pre-encrypted content is communicated from the server 12 to a user terminal 20 (e.g., a "client device" such as a set- top box) via a first communication path 21.
  • a user terminal 20 e.g., a "client device” such as a set- top box
  • An entitlement authorization associated with the encrypted content is communicated to the user terminal 20 via a second communication path 19 independent of the first communication path.
  • Authorization to access the pre-encrypted content is determined at the user terminal 20 based on said entitlement authorization and the first tag upon demand of the content by a user.
  • Communication from the user terminal 20 back to the server 12 is provided on line 23.
  • the user terminal 20 may be a set-top box, a digital television or a host with point-of- deployment (POD) capability, or a personal computer (PC) or the like that provides the functionality of a set-top box.
  • POD point-of- deployment
  • PC personal computer
  • the server is a main server 12' (e.g., a head-end server) which communicates the pre-encrypted content and first tag to the user terminal 20 via lines 25 and 27 and a local distribution server 18.
  • the main server 12' can distribute the encrypted content to various local distribution servers (at various service provider locations, e.g., head-ends).
  • the pre-encryption controller 10 is in communication with a local distribution controller 16, which controls, e.g., a cable television system or the like in a well known manner (e.g., a head-end controller in a cable television implementation) .
  • the local distribution controller 16 communicates the entitlement authorization to the user terminal 20 via line 29.
  • the first tag is an opaque data block (ODB) and the second tag is a unique reference handle (URH) .
  • the URH may be generated as a function of the ODB.
  • the ODB and URH are both forwarded to both the local distribution controller 16 (via line 11) and the main server 12' (via line 13) from the pre-encryption controller 10.
  • only the URH is forwarded to the main server 12' and the ODB is communicated from the local distribution controller 16 to the local distribution server 18 via line 22.
  • Either the ODB or the URH may be stored as an attribute of the encrypted content.
  • both the URH and the ODB may be stored as an attribute of the encrypted content.
  • the ODB may be processed at the local distribution controller 16 to generate a modified, second ODB, which second ODB is forwarded from the local distribution controller 16 to the local distribution server 18.
  • This processing at the local distribution controller 16 may include algorithmically modifying the ODB. This may be done as an offline process. Such reprocessing of the ODB at the local distribution controller 16 provides an added level of security since the post-processing ODBs are no longer the same across multiple local distribution controllers.
  • the system manufacturer specifies the ODB content and, for security reasons, the ODB itself may be coded in a manner that is not readily discernable by third parties.
  • the ODB content may include an encryption key to be used for decryption or used to derive the key for decryption.
  • the ODB may also include a hierarchy of encryption keys whose ultimate use is the derivation of the relevant key for decryption but with added levels of security.
  • the ODB itself may also be encrypted (with an additional level of implementation complexity) using, for example, the recipient's public key.
  • the ODB may be made available in advance since it is associated with the event or content to be viewed or received.
  • Encryption of the ODB using the user' s public key is extremely useful for the IP transport case where the system administrator has to the option to make known what events are available when, e.g. via an Electronic Programming Guide (EPG) .
  • EPG Electronic Programming Guide
  • the ODB content is securable as deemed necessary without burdening the content providers or service vendors.
  • the entitlement control is upgradeable without impacting the content providers or service vendors .
  • the pre-encrypted content may be broadcast, multicast, or singlecast such that only a user terminal 20 with appropriate entitlement authorization will be able to decrypt the broadcast, multicast, or singlecast content.
  • the pre-encrypted content may be accessed via the Internet .
  • the entitlement authorization may comprise at least one of (i) an entitlement authorization for a service carrying the content, (ii) an entitlement authorization for the content itself, and (iii) an entitlement authorization for using ODB.
  • Figure 3 depicts the processing that takes place at the user terminal 20.
  • the client application 40 (typically residing in a user terminal 20 such as a set-top box) then requests specific content from the server (either the server 12 of Figure 1 or local distribution server 18 of Figure 2), such as a video on demand (VOD) movie or any other interactive content.
  • the server then sends the ODB to the client application device 40.
  • the server 18 starts sending the pre-encrypted content to the user terminal 20.
  • the client application 40 (e.g. software) running in the user terminal processor (CPU) 36 receives the ODB from a server application in the server 12 or local distribution server 18, as described in connection with Figures 1 and 2, and forwards it via an application program interface (API) 42 to the user terminal processor kernel 44.
  • the ODB may be made available ahead of time, before the actual broadcast or multicast event commences. In this case the ODB may be requested by and sent to the user by the local distribution controller (16) .
  • the ODB is then processed in the user terminal 20 in conjunction with the received entitlement authorization (as described in connection with Figures 1 and 2) to determine whether to decrypt the received pre-encrypted content. Processing may be provided by a secure processor 32 located in the user terminal 20 or a software task included in the CPU 36.
  • the pre- encrypted content is received by the user terminal 20 and decrypted when authorization is granted. Upon authorization, the content will be processed for display.
  • the pre-encrypted content may be received by the secure processor 32 via a conventional receiver circuit (i.e. receiver output of Figure 3).
  • the pre-encrypted content may be received by the secure processor 32 via direct memory access from device memory 30.
  • the decrypted output from the secure processor 32 is written back to memory 30 for further use by the CPU 36, or is forwarded to a demultiplexer/decoder 34 for further processing in a conventional manner.
  • the present invention provides an improved method and apparatus for the delivery and access of pre-encrypted on- demand television services.
  • the present invention provides a content pre-encryption method and apparatus that enables entitlement control to be effectively implemented independent of the transport protocol, e.g., MPEG-2 or Internet Protocol (IP), and to some extent independent of transmission mode (i.e., singlecast (e.g., on- demand) , multicast, or broadcast) .
  • the present invention provides encryption and access control capability that can be offered as a separate service to content providers, server vendors, cable system operators, and/or Internet service providers, or the like.
  • the present invention enables entitlement authorization that can vary in sophistication as deemed necessary without burdening the content providers or service vendors.
  • the entitlement control is upgradeable without impacting the content providers or service vendors.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil permettant de contrôler l'accès à un contenu télévisuel à la carte pré-crypté. La capacité de chiffrement existante au niveau des services télévisuels par câble, ou analogue, est étendue à un contenu pré-crypté à partir d'un serveur (12), demandé par un téléspectateur à un terminal d'utilisateur (20). Selon un mode de réalisation, le contenu pré-crypté (fourni, par exemple, par un dispositif de chiffrement (14)) peut être diffusé, ou multi-diffusé, à partir du serveur (12) vers un groupe de téléspectateurs. On peut faciliter des implantations d'algorithmes de contrôle d'admissibilité dont la complexité varie en fonction des besoins. En outre, on peut étendre le procédé afin de permettre un contrôle d'accès de contenu pré-crypté qui soit indépendant du protocole de transport utilisé. De tels protocoles comprennent notamment MPEG-2 et le protocole Internet (IP) qui peuvent également utiliser un cryptage à clé publique.
EP00922124A 1999-05-04 2000-04-12 Procede et appareil de controle d'acces de services televisuels a la carte pre-cryptes Withdrawn EP1175781A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13236699P 1999-05-04 1999-05-04
US132366P 1999-05-04
PCT/US2000/009800 WO2000067483A1 (fr) 1999-05-04 2000-04-12 Procede et appareil de controle d'acces de services televisuels a la carte pre-cryptes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1175781A1 true EP1175781A1 (fr) 2002-01-30

Family

ID=22453686

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00922124A Withdrawn EP1175781A1 (fr) 1999-05-04 2000-04-12 Procede et appareil de controle d'acces de services televisuels a la carte pre-cryptes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1175781A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4235900A (fr)
CA (1) CA2372810A1 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA01010808A (fr)
TW (1) TW511377B (fr)
WO (1) WO2000067483A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE60140125D1 (de) 2000-08-11 2009-11-19 Nds Ltd Ertragenem inhalt
US20020083438A1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2002-06-27 So Nicol Chung Pang System for securely delivering encrypted content on demand with access contrl
US6978022B2 (en) * 2000-10-26 2005-12-20 General Instrument Corporation System for securing encryption renewal system and for registration and remote activation of encryption device
US7257227B2 (en) * 2000-10-26 2007-08-14 General Instrument Corporation System for denying access to content generated by a compromised off line encryption device and for conveying cryptographic keys from multiple conditional access systems
US7080397B2 (en) * 2000-10-26 2006-07-18 General Instrument Corporation Communication protocol for content on demand system with callback time
EP1388126B1 (fr) 2001-05-17 2013-03-27 Nokia Corporation Autorisation d'acces a distance a un environnement intelligent

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3746098B2 (ja) * 1996-02-28 2006-02-15 株式会社日立製作所 データの暗号化装置
UA74766C2 (en) * 1997-03-21 2006-02-15 Canal Plus Sa Television service system and facilities for accessing the system
US6049539A (en) * 1997-09-15 2000-04-11 Worldgate Communications, Inc. Access system and method for providing interactive access to an information source through a networked distribution system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO0067483A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2372810A1 (fr) 2000-11-09
MXPA01010808A (es) 2002-05-14
TW511377B (en) 2002-11-21
WO2000067483A1 (fr) 2000-11-09
AU4235900A (en) 2000-11-17

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