Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05F—STATIC ELECTRICITY; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY
  • H05F3/00—Carrying-off electrostatic charges
  • H05F3/02—Carrying-off electrostatic charges by means of earthing connections

Definitions

• the invention belongs to the field of devices for the elimination of static electricity and according to the International Patent Classification (IPC), it can be classified in the classes B 65 D 90/46 and H05F.
• IPC International Patent Classification
• anti-static band transparent band- to connect in the electric sense of the word, the observed geometry with Earth
• Static electricity is, however, the result of the superimposition of two layers (speaking plainly a result of friction).
• Every technological process or action is characterized by certain parameters and possible outcomes.
• the discussed technological process or the result of mentioned technological operations are characterized by the presence of the concentration of explosive compounds.
• the existing compound can be lit by a spark with the minimal ignition energy. If the grounding of the observed geometries-volumes is secured, it will produce sudden immediate balancing of energy by discharge between the electrostatic energy cumulative points which are found distributed over the ground and volume of the observed geometry (in the concrete case, fuel-carrying vehicle) and Earth (ground coupled system as a point of reference). Earth as geometry or body possesses the greatest energy level with regard to all the other bodies (geometry Ds) placed and maintained on Earth.
• the observed object can be considered as if it were isolated and balanced by electrostatic system with regard to the other system. If, on the observed object (concerning a discussed technological process - operation), the mentioned technological operations are performed and if the mentioned object, as an isolated electrostatic system we might wish to connect forcibly to some other observed electrostatic system (in the concrete case, a fuel-carrying vehicle, directly connected to a coupled grounding earth plate by band) it will forcibly produce balancing of electrostatic energy cumulative points.
• the observed electrostatic system will be characterized by the presence of the electrostatic cumulative energy points, representing no longer an isolated and balanced system, but it will provoke the need for electrostatic balancing between electrostatic energy cumulative points in the interior and on the surface of the discussed volume-object. That will escalate into a condition of cumulative discharge (lightening impulses or sparkling) with the sufficient minimal energy of ignition necessary to ignite the explosive mixture.
• electrostatic cumulative energy points representing no longer an isolated and balanced system
• electrostatic balancing between electrostatic energy cumulative points in the interior and on the surface of the discussed volume-object That will escalate into a condition of cumulative discharge (lightening impulses or sparkling) with the sufficient minimal energy of ignition necessary to ignite the explosive mixture.
• grounding is nothing but a particular case of the elimination of static electricity, but it cannot serve as a sufficient measure for the elimination of static electricity, particularly with the technological processes or operations we observe, namely, racking, transportation and loading/unloading of oil derivatives, inflammable gases and liqiuds, explosive materials (explosives) and solid inflammable materials- because it can provoke fire and explosion. There is no need to discuss the discharge of static electricity into Earth.
• the aim of the invention has been to produce a device for the removal of static electricity without external input drive that will produce energy balance between the power points of electrostatic energy discussed (concretely, an oil cistern and part of the Earth ground where a ground-coupled plate is placed ) so as not to produce a cumulative discharge by lightening impulses or sparkling. (As it has previously been said, lightening impulse or sparkling with enough energy to ignite the concentration of explosive mixtures.)
• the device for the elimination of static electricity (stated in the title of an invention) consists of a cage used for the implant of energy chip, tin roof for the fastening of the box, a column bearing on one side a cage with the device and on the other side three branches, is placed into the ground, two cables, one of which serves for the connection of the device with the considered geometry (concretely, cistern with oil) and the other which serves for the connection of the device with the ground -coupled plate, crocodile clips for the fixing of cables on the considered geometry (object), branch for the connection of that device with the ground-coupled plate grounding and crotches for the winding of cable with the clamps.
• the winding of the cable can be resolved by means of an automatic roller, too.
• the device can also be placed without a column if so demanded by technological and operation circumstances.
• the operation principle of this device is characterized by enabling balancing of energy between electrostatic cumulative points on the considered geometry (for example- oil cistern) and ground-coupling with Earth, and not to use during its operation energy of external feed, and thus it belongs to the group of passive devices.
• the feed of that device is secured from the existing resources of energy at the cumulative points of electrostatic energy of the two considered electrostatic systems.
• the device is characterized by simple handling, maintenance and storage.
• the device shown schematically in Figure 1 consists of the following elements-cage 11 , made and shaped according to operating conditions for a specified purpose in which an energy chip 22 is placed on a specified supporting board, fastened by bolts in the inside of a cage, tin roof 99 fastened by bolts on column 77, bearing a tin roof and a cage, cable 44 ending in crocodile clamps 33, cable 55 which connects device at the branch 66, that has been attached by bolts on column 77, with the ground-coupled grounding 78.
• the first energy branch of the device is constituted by elements connected between the points 4,5J ,2,and 3. That branch of a device consists of a parallel connection between a condenser C and glittering diode Tl in points 2 and 3, or 1 and 3, condenser C2 connected between the points 3 and 4 and diode Dl connected between the points 1 and 4 or 5 and 4.
• the constituent part of the first energy branch also includes a cable 44, which ends in an isolated crocodile clamp 33, which is placed on the mentioned object 12.
• the second energy branch consists of a parallel connection between a resistor R3 and condenser C4, connected between the points 7 and 8, and the resistor Rl connected between the points 7 and 3, diode D2 connected between the points 6 and 7 and condenser C3 connected between points 3 and 6.
• the constituent part of the second energy branch is a cable 55 by which the device is connected to the band (ground- coupled grounding plate) 78. Then ground-coupled plate grounding 78 is observed as a point of reference and need not always appear as it has been shown in figure 2.) (connection with the ground), but another point of reference may be chosen on another cumulative point of electrostatic energy.
• the resistor R2 is connected between the points 4 and 6.
• the elements connected between the points 4, 6 and 3,i.e condensers C2 and C3, and the resistor R2 are elements of a branch for the exchange of the energy levels of the created electrostatic energy.
• the way of connecting the device 11 to the cistern vehicle 12 has been shown. We should mention here that the manner of connecting is the same for all discussed geometries-volumes. Also, instead of the isolated crocodile clamps, it is possible to use the isolated clamp.
• the operation of the device for the elimination of static electricity is used for the racking, transportation and unloading of oil and oil derivatives, inflammable gases and fuels and alike (as it has been defined in the title of the application), and it is based on the balancing of energy between the electrostatic energy cumulative points defined by time constants of the electrical field (in the field of electric and volume resistance), from the point of view of static electricity, so as not to produce cumulative discharge (lightening or sparkling).
• electrostatic energy systems which are characterized by the cumulative points of electrostatic energy
• one is the Earth surface where a ground-coupled plate 78 is placed, and the other is, concretely, the cistern with oil, the electrostatic energy of which should be balanced with regard to the first system (because it always invariably possesses higher energy potential).
• the first branch for the electrostatic energy balancing which encompasses elements of the electric circuit marked by 33, 44, Cl ,T1 , C2, Dl and on the side of the ground-coupled plate grounding, there is the other branch for electric balancing comprising elements of electric circuit marked with 78, 55, R3, C4, D2, Rl , C3.
• the branch of the elements C2, C3 and R2 connected between the points 3,4 and 6 is the branch for the exchange of the energy levels of the created electrostatic energy of the first and second branch (of the two energy systems and the above discussed systems).
• the exchange of energy levels between the cumulative points of electrostatic energy of the two above discussed systems is performed through the glittering discharge defined in time constants and it is harmless for the considered technological operation (defined in the title of an invention) .
• the duration of the exchange of electrostatic energy between the two energy levels of the two mentioned systems until balancing is defined by time constants in the field of electric and volume resistance determined and defined in the manner defined in the text above.
• the energy chip which enables the function of the elimination of static electricity by the method of energy level exchange (method of balancing) between the storage points of electrostatic energy of the two above discussed, non-isolated systems, consists of elements shown in figure 2.
• the choice of the given elements is performed depending on the kind of the material chosen characterized by electric, surface and volume resistance.
• the number of energy exchanges between the energy levels of the considered cumulative points of electrostatic energy also depends on the kind of dangerous material under discussion.
• Every dangerous material is characterized by electric, surface and volume resistance, and on the basis of it we determine time coordinates (time of relaxation, produced by contact, of the double layer fold) and from the value of the time constants we perform calculations and choose electric elements which enable the functioning of energy chip.
• time coordinates time of relaxation, produced by contact, of the double layer fold
• time constants we perform calculations and choose electric elements which enable the functioning of energy chip.
• the electrostatic energy will be redeemed by condensers and so, the first condenser Cl will transmit its electrostatic energy to the glittering diode Tl and condensers C2 and C3 will mutually transmit the electrostatic energy from one to the other through the resistor R2 (by the correct choice of C2 and C3 in the function of the number of energy exchanges among the energy levels of the considered electrostatic energy cumulative power, which is again in the function of the kind of the dangerous material considered) .
• the operating area of the energy chip 22, and also a device, is in the field of volume resistance.
• the technical solution in the described device is based on the entirely new approach to the elimination of the static electricity (as described in the application). Unlike the known solutions in the state of the art, this device does not direct the discharge of static electricity towards the Earth, but only the balancing of energy levels between electrostatic cumulative points in the two systems.
• This device is the new constructive solution in the domain of such types of devices and enables complete safety and reliability of work of the mentioned operations from the point of view of those hazards provoked by static electricity.
• This device is tested and examined in real operating conditions and its application is checked during the performance of the mentioned technological operations (racking, transportation and unloading) with 816 dangerous materials (as designated in the annex to this application and forwarded with the text of the description). For each of the above mentioned described materials, one must perform appropriate dimension evaluation oOf electric elements in energy chip, depending on the electric characteristics of the material in question (electric, surface and volume resistance).

Landscapes

• Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
• Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
• Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=25559987

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

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Family Cites Families (3)

• 1999
  • 1999-02-15 EA EA200100781A patent/EA003411B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-02-15 EP EP99903523A patent/EP1169888B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-02-15 AT AT99903523T patent/ATE258005T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-02-15 AU AU23527/99A patent/AU2352799A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-02-15 DE DE69914225T patent/DE69914225T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-02-15 CA CA002401517A patent/CA2401517C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-02-15 WO PCT/YU1999/000002 patent/WO2000048434A1/en active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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