EP1164253A1 - Cooling system for the shroud of paired rotor blades - Google Patents

Cooling system for the shroud of paired rotor blades Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1164253A1
EP1164253A1 EP01401534A EP01401534A EP1164253A1 EP 1164253 A1 EP1164253 A1 EP 1164253A1 EP 01401534 A EP01401534 A EP 01401534A EP 01401534 A EP01401534 A EP 01401534A EP 1164253 A1 EP1164253 A1 EP 1164253A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
platforms
holes
ventilation
bosses
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01401534A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1164253B1 (en
Inventor
Serge Louis Antunes
Eric Stephan Bil
Isabelle Monique Marie Bourriaud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA Moteurs SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1164253A1 publication Critical patent/EP1164253A1/en
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Publication of EP1164253B1 publication Critical patent/EP1164253B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
    • F01D11/006—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor
    • F01D11/008—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor by spacer elements between the blades, e.g. independent interblade platforms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
    • F01D11/006—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/22—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/80—Platforms for stationary or moving blades
    • F05B2240/801—Platforms for stationary or moving blades cooled platforms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/80—Platforms for stationary or moving blades
    • F05D2240/81—Cooled platforms

Definitions

  • the subject of this invention is a system ventilation of a pair of blade platforms juxtaposed.
  • the ventilation systems found in turbomachinery are generally used for blowing a stream of gas over a portion of the structure brought to a different temperature for this gas to protect it excessive heating or, in some applications, to adjust its thermal expansion and perform a game setting that improves performance of the machine.
  • the cavities can be taken advantage of by blowing gas ventilation. However, it would come out of the cavities by the juxtaposition gaps of the platforms and would have little effect. This is why we have still sealing means placed under the platforms and which obstruct the interstices of juxtaposition.
  • the sealing parts are designed to let the ventilation gas get to the portions platforms that you want to ventilate; these portions have vent holes that gas crosses to leave the cavities. It is especially in running through these vent holes that the gas produces the desired heat exchange.
  • the invention may be held for a improvement of the system described in the patent French 2,758,855, where the sealing parts are metal sleeves made of a sheet metal which rests under the underside of the platforms and that the forces centrifugals produced on the moving blades during machine operation press against platforms.
  • the sheet is provided with holes that crosses the ventilation gas to reach the platforms; these holes lead into collecting dimples dug in the platforms and which constitute the ends of coils, that is to say sinuous conduits, still dug in the platforms and that the ventilation gases must browse to reach the vent holes crossing the platforms.
  • the heat exchange is accomplished by convection. However, it was concluded that this provision was not effective enough.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve the sheet metal or metal sheet sealing jacket so as to increase the heat exchange due to gas ventilation, without compromising the tightness and obtaining satisfactory vibration damping blade platforms.
  • the shirt is provided with bosses at the location of holes, chambers being formed between the platforms and the bosses, and the vent holes opening into the bedrooms. It follows from this that the ventilation gas crossing the holes of the shirt is blown towards platforms at a speed that increases exchange heat from impact against platforms which is realized.
  • the bosses lengthen parallel to a junction of the platforms of so as to each include several holes or several vent holes; he is otherwise advantageous that the vent holes make respectively facing the holes to facilitate the flow of ventilation gases.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a pair of blades
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the system.
  • the vanes envisaged in the invention can be mobile turbine blades, in particular first stage of a high pressure turbine, which are subject to very high temperature rises in the chamber of neighboring combustion, and which are inserted in grooves of a disc 1. They include a foot 2 engaged in a groove of the disc 1, a stilt 3, and a blade 4 placed in the gas flow stream of combustion 5 and which constitutes the useful part of dawn. In addition, they include a platform 6 substantially in an arc and extending around the junction of the stilt 3 and the blade 4. The platforms 6 of a pair of neighboring blades are juxtaposed in leaving only a gap 7 between them, which unites the vein 5 with a cavity 8 delimited by the platforms 6 and stilts 3 of the adjacent blades and by the disc 1. This interstice 7 is closed by a sealing part consisting here of a jacket 9 in metal sheet placed in the cavity 8 and covering the underside of platforms 6 and the gap 7 from one stilt 3 to another.
  • Fresh ventilation gas is blown in the cavity 8 by a conduit such as 10 dug at through foot 2 and stilt 3 of one of the blades neighbors or through an inter-blade hole upstream of the cavity 8.
  • the gas usually comes from compressors or turbine. But like the possibilities to build the circuit of conduit 10 are numerous and have been extensively described elsewhere, we will not recall them here.
  • Ports 11 cross the platforms 6 aux places to wear cooling while allowing gas to exit the cavity 8 and join the vein 5.
  • the shirt 9 is provided with holes 12 located respectively opposite the vent holes 11; in addition, bosses 13 are formed on the jacket 9 at the locations of these holes 12 in order to form chambers 14 therebetween and platforms 6. We see in Figure 2 that the bosses 13 have a longitudinal extension parallel to interstice 7 to encompass multiple orifices 11 and holes 12.
  • bosses The purpose of the bosses is that the ventilation gas passing through the holes 12 and blown to platforms 6 cools them by impact, more strongly than in design anterior where cooling was achieved by convection.
  • the shirt 9 substantially matches the surface bottom of the platforms 6 outside the bosses 12, except maybe at the ends, which can be curved. It is flexible enough to rest well under platforms 6, with some pressure, when centrifugal forces from the rotation of the disk 1 are applied to it, and then contributes to dampen their vibrations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The ventilation system for a pair of platforms (6) on adjacent turbine blades (4) covering a ventilation cavity (8) next to the turbine disc (1), incorporates a sheet metal sealing sleeve (9) with holes (12) under vents (11) in the platforms. The sealing sleeve has elongated recesses (13) under the platform vents, running parallel with the joint (7) between platforms and with the holes (12) in line with the vents.

Description

Le sujet de cette invention est un système de ventilation d'une paire de plates-formes d'aubes juxtaposées.The subject of this invention is a system ventilation of a pair of blade platforms juxtaposed.

Les systèmes de ventilation qu'on trouve dans les turbomachines servent généralement à souffler un courant de gaz sur une portion de structure portée à une température différente de ce gaz pour la protéger d'échauffements excessifs ou, dans certaines applications, pour régler sa dilatation thermique et accomplir un réglage de jeu qui améliore le rendement d'écoulement de la machine. On s'intéresse ici à la ventilation de plates-formes d'aubes implantées côte à côte sur une même circonférence et qui servent à couvrir les cavités séparant les portions inférieures des aubes, et à donner un contour plus régulier à la veine d'écoulement de la machine. Les cavités peuvent être mises à profit en y soufflant le gaz de ventilation. Toutefois, il sortirait des cavités par les interstices de juxtaposition des plates-formes et aurait alors peu d'effet. C'est pourquoi on dispose encore des moyens d'étanchéité placés sous les plates-formes et qui obstruent les interstices de juxtaposition. Les pièces d'étanchéité sont conçues pour laisser le gaz de ventilation arriver aux portions des plates-formes qu'on souhaite ventiler ; ces portions sont munies d'orifices d'éventement que le gaz traverse pour quitter les cavités. C'est surtout en parcourant ces orifices d'éventement que le gaz produit l'échange thermique souhaité.The ventilation systems found in turbomachinery are generally used for blowing a stream of gas over a portion of the structure brought to a different temperature for this gas to protect it excessive heating or, in some applications, to adjust its thermal expansion and perform a game setting that improves performance of the machine. We are interested here in the ventilation of blade platforms located side by side side on the same circumference and which are used to cover the cavities separating the lower portions blades, and to give a more regular outline to the machine flow stream. The cavities can be taken advantage of by blowing gas ventilation. However, it would come out of the cavities by the juxtaposition gaps of the platforms and would have little effect. This is why we have still sealing means placed under the platforms and which obstruct the interstices of juxtaposition. The sealing parts are designed to let the ventilation gas get to the portions platforms that you want to ventilate; these portions have vent holes that gas crosses to leave the cavities. It is especially in running through these vent holes that the gas produces the desired heat exchange.

L'invention peut être tenue pour un perfectionnement du système décrit dans le brevet français 2 758 855, où les pièces d'étanchéité sont des chemises métalliques formées d'une tôle qui repose sous la face inférieure des plates-formes et que les forces centrifuges produites sur les aubes mobiles pendant le fonctionnement de la machine pressent contre les plates-formes. La tôle est munie de perçages que traverse le gaz de ventilation pour parvenir aux plates-formes ; ces perçages débouchent dans des fossettes collectrices creusées dans les plates-formes et qui constituent des extrémités de serpentins, c'est-à-dire de conduits sinueux, encore creusés dans les plates-formes et que les gaz de ventilation doivent parcourir pour atteindre les orifice d'éventement traversant les plates-formes. L'échange de chaleur est accompli par convexion. On a toutefois conclu que cette disposition n'était pas assez efficace.The invention may be held for a improvement of the system described in the patent French 2,758,855, where the sealing parts are metal sleeves made of a sheet metal which rests under the underside of the platforms and that the forces centrifugals produced on the moving blades during machine operation press against platforms. The sheet is provided with holes that crosses the ventilation gas to reach the platforms; these holes lead into collecting dimples dug in the platforms and which constitute the ends of coils, that is to say sinuous conduits, still dug in the platforms and that the ventilation gases must browse to reach the vent holes crossing the platforms. The heat exchange is accomplished by convection. However, it was concluded that this provision was not effective enough.

L'objet de l'invention est donc d'améliorer la chemise d'étanchéité en tôle ou plaque métallique de façon à accroítre l'échange de chaleur redevable au gaz de ventilation, sans compromettre l'étanchéité et en obtenant un amortissement satisfaisant des vibrations des plates-formes d'aubes.The object of the invention is therefore to improve the sheet metal or metal sheet sealing jacket so as to increase the heat exchange due to gas ventilation, without compromising the tightness and obtaining satisfactory vibration damping blade platforms.

Selon l'invention, la chemise est munie de bossages à l'emplacement des perçages, des chambres étant formées entre les plates-formes et les bossages, et les orifices d'éventement débouchant dans les chambres. Il résulte de cela que le gaz de ventilation traversant les perçages de la chemise est soufflé vers les plates-formes à une vitesse qui accroít l'échange de chaleur grâce à l'impact contre les plates-formes qui est réalisé.According to the invention, the shirt is provided with bosses at the location of holes, chambers being formed between the platforms and the bosses, and the vent holes opening into the bedrooms. It follows from this that the ventilation gas crossing the holes of the shirt is blown towards platforms at a speed that increases exchange heat from impact against platforms which is realized.

Avantageusement, les bossages s'allongent parallèlement à une jonction des plates-formes de manière à englober chacun plusieurs perçages ou plusieurs orifices d'éventement ; il est par ailleurs avantageux que les orifices d'éventement fassent respectivement face aux perçages pour faciliter l'écoulement des gaz de ventilation.Advantageously, the bosses lengthen parallel to a junction of the platforms of so as to each include several holes or several vent holes; he is otherwise advantageous that the vent holes make respectively facing the holes to facilitate the flow of ventilation gases.

Une réalisation possible de l'invention sera maintenant décrite en référence aux figures, parmi lesquelles la figure 1 est une vue de face d'une paire d'aubes, et la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du système.A possible realization of the invention will now be described with reference to the figures, among which Figure 1 is a front view of a pair of blades, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the system.

Les aubes envisagées dans l'invention peuvent être des aubes mobiles de turbine, notamment du premier étage d'une turbine à haute pression, qui sont soumises à des échauffements très élevés de la chambre de combustion voisine, et qui sont insérées dans des rainures d'un disque 1. Elles comprennent un pied 2 engagé dans une rainure du disque 1, une échasse 3, et une pale 4 placée dans la veine d'écoulement des gaz de combustion 5 et qui constitue la partie utile de l'aube. De plus, elles comprennent une plate-forme 6 sensiblement en arc de cercle et qui s'étend autour de la jonction de l'échasse 3 et de la pale 4. Les plates-formes 6 d'une paire d'aubes voisines se juxtaposent en ne laissant subsister qu'un interstice 7 entre elles, qui unit la veine 5 à une cavité 8 délimitée par les plates-formes 6 et les échasses 3 des aubes adjacentes et par le disque 1. Cet interstice 7 est fermé par une pièce d'étanchéité consistant ici en une chemise 9 en tôle métallique disposée dans la cavité 8 et couvrant la face inférieure des plates-formes 6 et l'interstice 7 d'une échasse 3 à l'autre.The vanes envisaged in the invention can be mobile turbine blades, in particular first stage of a high pressure turbine, which are subject to very high temperature rises in the chamber of neighboring combustion, and which are inserted in grooves of a disc 1. They include a foot 2 engaged in a groove of the disc 1, a stilt 3, and a blade 4 placed in the gas flow stream of combustion 5 and which constitutes the useful part of dawn. In addition, they include a platform 6 substantially in an arc and extending around the junction of the stilt 3 and the blade 4. The platforms 6 of a pair of neighboring blades are juxtaposed in leaving only a gap 7 between them, which unites the vein 5 with a cavity 8 delimited by the platforms 6 and stilts 3 of the adjacent blades and by the disc 1. This interstice 7 is closed by a sealing part consisting here of a jacket 9 in metal sheet placed in the cavity 8 and covering the underside of platforms 6 and the gap 7 from one stilt 3 to another.

Du gaz frais de ventilation est soufflé dans la cavité 8 par un conduit tel que 10 creusé à travers le pied 2 et l'échasse 3 d'une des aubes voisines ou par un trou inter-aubes à l'amont de la cavité 8. Le gaz est ordinairement originaire des compresseurs ou de la turbine. Mais comme les possibilités de construire le circuit du conduit 10 sont nombreuses et ont été abondamment décrites ailleurs, on ne les rappellera pas ici. Des orifices d'éventement 11 traversent les plates-formes 6 aux endroits sur lesquels il faut faire porter le refroidissement tout en permettant au gaz de quitter la cavité 8 et de rejoindre la veine 5. La chemise 9 est munie de perçages 12 situés respectivement en face des orifices d'éventement 11 ; de plus, des bossages 13 sont formés sur la chemise 9 aux emplacements de ces perçages 12 afin de former des chambres 14 entre eux et les plates-formes 6. On voit à la figure 2 que les bossages 13 ont une extension longitudinale parallèle à l'interstice 7 afin d'englober plusieurs orifices d'éventement 11 et perçages 12.Fresh ventilation gas is blown in the cavity 8 by a conduit such as 10 dug at through foot 2 and stilt 3 of one of the blades neighbors or through an inter-blade hole upstream of the cavity 8. The gas usually comes from compressors or turbine. But like the possibilities to build the circuit of conduit 10 are numerous and have been extensively described elsewhere, we will not recall them here. Ports 11 cross the platforms 6 aux places to wear cooling while allowing gas to exit the cavity 8 and join the vein 5. The shirt 9 is provided with holes 12 located respectively opposite the vent holes 11; in addition, bosses 13 are formed on the jacket 9 at the locations of these holes 12 in order to form chambers 14 therebetween and platforms 6. We see in Figure 2 that the bosses 13 have a longitudinal extension parallel to interstice 7 to encompass multiple orifices 11 and holes 12.

Le but des bossages consiste en ce que le gaz de ventilation traversant les perçages 12 et soufflé vers les plates-formes 6 les refroidit par impact, plus fortement que dans la conception antérieure où le refroidissement était réalisé par convection.The purpose of the bosses is that the ventilation gas passing through the holes 12 and blown to platforms 6 cools them by impact, more strongly than in design anterior where cooling was achieved by convection.

La chemise 9 épouse sensiblement la surface inférieure des plates-formes 6 hors des bossages 12, sauf peut-être aux extrémités, qui peuvent être courbées. Elle est assez souple pour bien reposer sous les plates-formes 6, avec une certaine pression, quand les forces centrifuges provenant de la rotation du disque 1 lui sont appliquées, et contribue alors à amortir leurs vibrations.The shirt 9 substantially matches the surface bottom of the platforms 6 outside the bosses 12, except maybe at the ends, which can be curved. It is flexible enough to rest well under platforms 6, with some pressure, when centrifugal forces from the rotation of the disk 1 are applied to it, and then contributes to dampen their vibrations.

Claims (3)

Système de ventilation d'une paire de plates-formes (6) d'aubes juxtaposées et couvrant une cavité (8), comprenant des moyens (10) pour insuffler du gaz de ventilation dans la cavité, une chemise (9) d'étanchéité disposée sous les plates-formes dans la cavité et munie de perçages (12), et des orifices d'éventement (11) traversant les plates-formes, caractérisé en ce que la chemise est munie de bossages (13) à l'emplacement des perçages (12), des chambres (14) étant formées entre les plates-formes et les bossages, les orifices d'éventement débouchant dans les chambres.Ventilation system for a pair of platforms (6) of juxtaposed vanes and covering a cavity (8), comprising means (10) for blowing ventilation gas into the cavity, a sealing jacket (9) arranged under the platforms in the cavity and provided with holes (12), and vent holes (11) passing through the platforms, characterized in that the jacket is provided with bosses (13) at the location of the bores (12), chambers (14) being formed between the platforms and the bosses, the vent holes opening into the chambers. Système de ventilation d'une paire de plates-formes d'aubes suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les bossages s'allongent parallèlement à une jonction (7) des plates-formes.Ventilation system for a pair of blade platforms according to claim 1, characterized in that the bosses extend parallel to a junction (7) of the platforms. Système de ventilation d'une paire de plates-formes d'aubes suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les orifices d'éventement (11) font respectivement face aux perçages (12).Ventilation system for a pair of blade platforms according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the vent holes (11) respectively face the holes (12).
EP01401534A 2000-06-15 2001-06-14 Cooling system for the shroud of paired rotor blades Expired - Lifetime EP1164253B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0007611A FR2810365B1 (en) 2000-06-15 2000-06-15 SYSTEM FOR VENTILATION OF A PAIR OF JUXTAPOSED DAWN PLATFORMS
FR0007611 2000-06-15
US09/883,948 US6457935B1 (en) 2000-06-15 2001-06-20 System for ventilating a pair of juxtaposed vane platforms

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1164253A1 true EP1164253A1 (en) 2001-12-19
EP1164253B1 EP1164253B1 (en) 2005-03-02

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EP01401534A Expired - Lifetime EP1164253B1 (en) 2000-06-15 2001-06-14 Cooling system for the shroud of paired rotor blades

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US (1) US6457935B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1164253B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4047560B2 (en)
FR (1) FR2810365B1 (en)

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JP6422308B2 (en) * 2014-11-05 2018-11-14 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Gas turbine with seal structure
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RU2695160C2 (en) * 2017-06-06 2019-07-22 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ "Брянский государственный технический университет" Device for damping vibrations of gas turbine engine rotor
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FR3094034B1 (en) * 2019-03-20 2021-03-19 Safran Aircraft Engines VENTILATION TUBULAR SHIRT FOR A TURBOMACHINE DISTRIBUTOR

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EP2055898A2 (en) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-06 United Technologies Corporation Turbine airfoil with platform cooling
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EP2540971B1 (en) * 2011-06-27 2019-04-03 General Electric Company Method for creating a platform cooling passage in a turbine rotor blade and corresponding turbine rotor blade
FR2981979A1 (en) * 2011-10-28 2013-05-03 Snecma TURBINE WHEEL FOR A TURBOMACHINE
US9863263B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2018-01-09 Snecma Turbine wheel for a turbine engine
US10851661B2 (en) 2017-08-01 2020-12-01 General Electric Company Sealing system for a rotary machine and method of assembling same

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US6457935B1 (en) 2002-10-01
FR2810365B1 (en) 2002-10-11
EP1164253B1 (en) 2005-03-02
JP4047560B2 (en) 2008-02-13
FR2810365A1 (en) 2001-12-21
JP2002021503A (en) 2002-01-23

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