EP1157235B1 - Device for improving gas fuel burning - Google Patents

Device for improving gas fuel burning Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1157235B1
EP1157235B1 EP99964724A EP99964724A EP1157235B1 EP 1157235 B1 EP1157235 B1 EP 1157235B1 EP 99964724 A EP99964724 A EP 99964724A EP 99964724 A EP99964724 A EP 99964724A EP 1157235 B1 EP1157235 B1 EP 1157235B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
tubes
combustion
venturi
air
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EP99964724A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1157235A1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Mougey
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Total Marketing Services SA
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TotalFinaElf France SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device intended to bring together a gaseous fuel and an oxidizer in proportions allowing burning optimal, so as to obtain, in particular for a fuel gas fueled low pressure and containing hydrocarbons, smokeless combustion.
  • the ratio between the flow of gas to be burned and the air flow required for combustion must be at all times, greater than or equal to the ratio stoichiometric, so that a burner can operate in a completely autonomous way without additional outside air.
  • burning a gas containing hydrocarbons for example to burn waste gases charged with hydrogen sulphide or gaseous emissions containing hydrocarbons, in an oil refinery or on a production field of oil or gas, must satisfy three essential conditions, called usually in the profession "the three T's", to get a burning optimal.
  • the burner manufacturers then proposed a ventilation system of the flame of a burner which consists of bringing air for combustion at medium of groups of high power electric fans arranged under the burner, and by staging, for the ability to burn, the distribution of gas using automatic valves.
  • This system controlled by a complex instrumentation presents an unacceptable risk of failure, since it can create an obstruction dangerous in the collector's gas collector, when, for example, a pilot valve remains in the closed position.
  • this ventilation system of the flame is an investment cost and high operating costs while being unreliable and generating safety problems when the gas to be burned contains liquid hydrocarbons, also called condensates, easily flammable, which can fall on the fans arranged under the burner.
  • This air aspirator uses as engine fluid a pressurized gas whose nature is not specified.
  • This air aspirator comprises a plurality of gas injection tubes arranged following two concentric rings at the entrance of a venturi open to the atmosphere and whose axes are parallel to the axis of the venturi.
  • US-A-2 403 431 discloses a fuel gas burner comprising a plurality of injection tubes, arranged at the inlet of an open venturi at the atmosphere. These tubes, parallel to the axis of the venturi, are fed in one premixing of a combustible gas and air, this premix coming from another Venturi arranged upstream and open to the atmosphere or connected to an air source under pressure.
  • European Patent No. 99,828 held by the Applicant proposes a device for the combustion of mixtures of combustible fluids with induction of air, into which these fluids are introduced into a burner body forming venturi, by means of annular cross-section injectors arranged coaxially along the axis of said body.
  • Such a device has the disadvantage major to be difficult to achieve because it requires strict and rigorous machining.
  • the Claimant has therefore conducted research to find solutions that are both technically satisfactory, simple and reliable and the corresponding investment cost is low, in refineries on a production site, to bring sufficient quantities of air to the burning low-pressure gas containing hydrocarbons, while improving the conditions necessary for optimal combustion of this gas and especially to obtain a smokeless combustion.
  • the invention therefore relates to a device for combustion gas containing hydrocarbons that may burn in the presence of air, in which the fuel gas arrives via a central supply comprising a tube located in the axis of a venturi body, characterized in that a plurality of gas supply tubes are arranged according to at least one ring around of the central feed of the body forming venturi, the end at least of these tubes having its axis substantially parallel to the wall of the divergent of this venturi.
  • the device according to the invention has the particular advantage of enabling complete combustion of a gas containing hydrocarbons, without any smoke, even when the fuel gas pressure is low and the fuel gas contains condensates.
  • the device according to the invention as shown in Figures 1 and 2, comprises a central supply of fuel gas 1 arranged at the center and to the input of a body 2 forming a venturi.
  • the body 2 comprises a lower frustoconical portion 3 generally called “convergent” and which is extended by a cylindrical portion 4 called “neck”. This cylindrical portion 3 is extended by an upper frustoconical portion 5 called "divergent”.
  • the central gas supply 1 generally comprises a central tube of annular cross section and substantially coaxial with the body 2. This tube central extends from the outside, passing in the convergent 3, until a point in body 2, usually at the junction of convergent 3 and collar 4.
  • a plurality of additional tubes 6 is provided around the central feed 1.
  • At least the device according to the invention comprises 3 tubes arranged in an annular manner, the maximum number of tubes depending on the size of the body forming venturi 2 and up to several tens.
  • the arrangement of the tubes 6 is generally regular and annular, as best shown in FIGS. 2 a and 2 b .
  • these additional tubes 6 are substantially identical, have a substantially circular cross section and are arranged so annular around the central feed 1, with at least the axis of their end substantially parallel to the wall of the diverging portion 5 of the venturi body, in view injecting the combustible gas into said body at an angle ⁇ with the axis AA of this body forming venturi.
  • Their lower part 8 can be cylindrical and substantially parallel to the axis AA of the body 2, whereas, as is visible on FIG. 1, the angle of inclination ⁇ of the upper part 7 with respect to the axis AA is substantially equal to the angle of inclination of the diverging portion 5 with respect to this same axis AA.
  • the axes of the tubes can form with the axis of the body forming venturi, an angle equal to that form the divergent with the axis of said body.
  • the tubes may be arranged, as shown in Figure 2b , annularly around the central tube for supplying fuel gas, along a plurality of rings whose centers are located on the axis AA of the body forming venturi 2.
  • the extra tubes 6 all generally enter the body 2 of the same depth, which may be the same or less than the depth of penetration of the central tube 1 in the body 2.
  • This central tube may have a different diameter, preferably greater than the diameter of the tubes arranged so annular.
  • Each tube 6 is dimensioned so that, on the one hand, its diameter interior is identical to that of all tubes arranged annularly over the minus one crown and, on the other hand, so that it can carry between 1% and 33% and preferably between 5 and 33% of the fuel gas.
  • all the extremities tubes arranged on at least one ring may be provided with devices injection of gas, such as injection nozzles.
  • the central tube 1, as well as the additional tubes 6 arranged on at least one ring, can all be connected to the same feed tube 9 of combustible gas.
  • a fuel gas source which can be composed of, for example, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide H 2 S or a mixture of these gases.
  • the Applicant has carried out tests on a floor burner called "bum When using a conventional burner with a single tube supply of gas to be burned and a venturi comprising only a tube power supply, there is the production of thick black smoke testifying to the incomplete combustion of gases.
  • the device according to the invention under the same conditions of high throughput and low pressure of the fuel gas, we obtain a smokeless combustion. Of Moreover, the condensates entrained in the flame also burn without smoke. Obtaining complete combustion with the conventional burner would have required a gas pressure 30 times higher.
  • the use of the device according to the invention of operating conditions conducive to the reduction of nitrogen oxides such as as the staging of the combustion air, the removal of the very hot areas of the flame by homogenizing the temperatures thereof, which presents a interest, since it has been established that the oxides of nitrogen formed during a combustion contribute to the process of acidification, photochemical pollution, depletion of the ozone layer and increase of the greenhouse effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif destiné à mettre en présence un combustible gazeux et un comburant dans des proportions permettant un brûlage optimal, de façon à obtenir, notamment pour un gaz combustible alimenté sous faible pression et contenant des hydrocarbures, une combustion sans fumée.The invention relates to a device intended to bring together a gaseous fuel and an oxidizer in proportions allowing burning optimal, so as to obtain, in particular for a fuel gas fueled low pressure and containing hydrocarbons, smokeless combustion.

ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUESTATE OF THE ART

On sait que le rapport entre le débit de gaz à brûler et le débit d'air nécessaire à la combustion doit être à tout moment, supérieur ou égal au rapport stoechiométrique, pour qu'un brûleur puisse opérer de façon entièrement autonome sans apport d'air extérieur complémentaire. On sait également que la combustion d'un gaz contenant des hydrocarbures, par exemple pour brûler des gaz résiduaires chargés en hydrogène sulfuré ou des émissions gazeuses contenant des hydrocarbures, dans une raffinerie de pétrole ou sur un champ de production d'huile ou de gaz, doit satisfaire à trois conditions essentielles, appelées généralement dans la profession " les trois T ", pour obtenir une combustion optimale.We know that the ratio between the flow of gas to be burned and the air flow required for combustion must be at all times, greater than or equal to the ratio stoichiometric, so that a burner can operate in a completely autonomous way without additional outside air. We also know that burning a gas containing hydrocarbons, for example to burn waste gases charged with hydrogen sulphide or gaseous emissions containing hydrocarbons, in an oil refinery or on a production field of oil or gas, must satisfy three essential conditions, called usually in the profession "the three T's", to get a burning optimal.

En effet, si la quantité d'air nécessaire à la combustion est insuffisante et si ces trois T, c'est-à-dire, la Température de flamme, le Temps de mixage du mélange air et gaz avant brûlage, et la Turbulence appliquée à ce mélange, ne sont pas respectés, des odeurs nauséabondes et surtout d'épaisses fumées noires, constituées essentiellement d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés, sont émis par la combustion incomplète de ces gaz ou émissions gazeuses, en créant un préjudice pour l'environnement.Indeed, if the amount of air required for combustion is insufficient, and if these three T, that is to say, the T emperature flame T air mixture and mixing emps gas before burning, and The turbulence applied to this mixture is not respected, foul odors and especially thick black smoke, consisting mainly of unburned hydrocarbons, are emitted by the incomplete combustion of these gases or gaseous emissions, creating an injury for the environment.

Une des causes majeures de cette combustion incomplète et notamment de l'apparition de fumées noires sur le lieu de combustion, est donc principalement consécutive au déficit en quantité d'air, préjudiciable à une parfaite combustion exempte d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés. En effet, quand par exemple le débit de gaz à brûler est important et que la pression d'alimentation de ce gaz combustible est très faible, les brûleurs disponibles dans le commerce manquent généralement d'efficacité pour permettre une aération de la flamme suffisamment activée par la pression du gaz en sortie du tube d'alimentation du brûleur. Il est donc nécessaire de pourvoir à un apport extérieur d'air nécessaire à la combustion, par tout moyen disponible dans la technique, par exemple en fournissant une énergie de mélange combustible-comburant à l'aide de vapeur d'eau. One of the major causes of this incomplete combustion, and in particular the appearance of black smoke at the place of combustion, is therefore mainly due to lack of air quantity, detrimental to perfect combustion free from unburned hydrocarbons. Indeed, when for example the flow of gas to burning is important and that the supply pressure of this combustible gas is very low, commercially available burners are generally lacking efficiency to allow aeration of the flame sufficiently activated by the gas pressure at the outlet of the burner feed tube. So it is necessary provide an external supply of air necessary for combustion, by any means available in the art, for example by providing mixing energy fuel-oxidant using steam.

Des dispositifs ont été proposés pour obtenir une énergie de mélange suffisante à partir d'importantes quantités d'air, à l'aide de fluides extérieurs, tels que la vapeur d'eau traversant des injecteurs, ou d'autres fluides, agissant comme " fluides moteurs ", par exemple l'air lui-même compressé, ou faisant appel à des ventilateurs puissants, pour induire l'air et les turbulences nécessaires à la combustion. Ces dispositifs présentent en général des rendements faibles, ce qui impose, pour compenser leur manque d'efficacité, d'utiliser des quantités importantes de fluides moteurs qui ne sont pas toujours disponibles pour les débits requis, sur le site de combustion des gaz à éliminer.Devices have been proposed to obtain mixing energy sufficient quantities of air, using external fluids, such as that water vapor passing through injectors, or other fluids, acting as "motor fluids", for example the air itself compressed, or using powerful fans, to induce the air and turbulence necessary for the combustion. These devices generally have low yields, which imposes, to compensate for their lack of efficiency, to use quantities of motor fluids that are not always available for flow rates required, at the combustion site of the gases to be removed.

Il en résulte dans le cas, par exemple, d'utilisation de vapeur d'eau comme fluide moteur, une forte consommation qui présente, en raison des débits d'utilisation importants, les inconvénients suivants :

  • une émission importante de bruit due au passage du fluide dans les tubes et les injecteurs,
  • un refroidissement de la flamme qui ne permet pas d'assurer les conditions correctes de combustion des gaz, par exemple les gaz acides comme l'H2S, pour lequel la température de 700°C requise pour sa complète oxydation n'est, dans ces conditions, pas atteinte, produisant ainsi des émissions toxiques et malodorantes,
  • un bilan énergétique du site pouvant être déficitaire, car dépendant de la production de la vapeur d'eau.
This results in the case, for example, of using water vapor as a driving fluid, a high consumption which has, due to the high rates of use, the following disadvantages:
  • a significant emission of noise due to the passage of fluid in the tubes and injectors,
  • a cooling of the flame which does not ensure the correct conditions of combustion of gases, for example acidic gases such as H 2 S, for which the temperature of 700 ° C required for its complete oxidation is, in these conditions, not achieved, thus producing toxic and smelly emissions,
  • an energy balance of the site which may be in deficit because it depends on the production of water vapor.

Sur les champs de production d'huile et de gaz, il n'y a généralement pas de vapeur d'eau disponible, et la pression de gaz à brûler étant trop faible pour agir comme gaz moteur, c'est-à-dire pour entraíner lui-même suffisamment d'air nécessaire à sa combustion et ainsi obtenir une énergie de mélange combustible-comburant suffisante, la combustion de ces gaz contenant des hydrocarbures est donc incomplète provoquant ainsi d'épaisses fumées noires à partir du lieu de brûlage.On oil and gas production fields, there is generally no available steam, and the pressure of the gas to be burned is too low to act as a motor gas, that is to say, to induce enough air itself necessary for its combustion and thus obtain a fuel-oxidant mixture energy sufficient, the combustion of these gases containing hydrocarbons is therefore incomplete thus causing thick black smoke from the place of burning.

Les constructeurs de brûleurs ont alors proposé un système d'aération de la flamme d'un brûleur qui consiste à apporter de l'air pour la combustion au moyen de groupes de ventilateurs électriques de puissance élevée disposés sous le brûleur, et en étageant, pour la capacité à brûler, la distribution de gaz à l'aide de vannes automatiques. Ce système piloté par une instrumentation complexe, présente un risque de panne inacceptable, car pouvant créer une obstruction dangereuse dans le collecteur des gaz à brûler d'une raffinerie, quand par exemple, une vanne pilotée reste en position fermée. De plus, ce système d'aération de la flamme s'avère d'un coût d'investissement et de frais opératoires élevés tout en étant peu fiable et générant des problèmes de sécurité quand le gaz à brûler contient des hydrocarbures liquides, encore appelés condensats, facilement inflammables, qui peuvent tomber sur les ventilateurs disposés sous le brûleur.The burner manufacturers then proposed a ventilation system of the flame of a burner which consists of bringing air for combustion at medium of groups of high power electric fans arranged under the burner, and by staging, for the ability to burn, the distribution of gas using automatic valves. This system controlled by a complex instrumentation, presents an unacceptable risk of failure, since it can create an obstruction dangerous in the collector's gas collector, when, for example, a pilot valve remains in the closed position. In addition, this ventilation system of the flame is an investment cost and high operating costs while being unreliable and generating safety problems when the gas to be burned contains liquid hydrocarbons, also called condensates, easily flammable, which can fall on the fans arranged under the burner.

On connaít par FR-A- 2 095 661 un aspirateur d'air utilisant comme fluide moteur un gaz sous pression dont la nature n'est pas spécifiée. Cet aspirateur d'air comprend une pluralité de tubes d'injection de gaz disposés suivant deux couronnes concentriques à l'entrée d'un venturi ouvert à l'atmosphère et dont les axes sont parallèles à l'axe du venturi.It is known from FR-A-2,095,661 an air aspirator using as engine fluid a pressurized gas whose nature is not specified. This air aspirator comprises a plurality of gas injection tubes arranged following two concentric rings at the entrance of a venturi open to the atmosphere and whose axes are parallel to the axis of the venturi.

US-A- 2 403 431 décrit un brûleur de gaz combustible comprenant une pluralité de tubes d'injection, disposés à l'entrée d'un venturi ouvert à l'atmosphère. Ces tubes, parallèles à l'axe du venturi, sont alimentés en un prémélange d'un gaz combustible et d'air, ce prémélange provenant d'un autre venturi disposé en amont et ouvert à l'atmosphère ou connecté à une source d'air sous pression.US-A-2 403 431 discloses a fuel gas burner comprising a plurality of injection tubes, arranged at the inlet of an open venturi at the atmosphere. These tubes, parallel to the axis of the venturi, are fed in one premixing of a combustible gas and air, this premix coming from another Venturi arranged upstream and open to the atmosphere or connected to an air source under pressure.

Le brevet européen n° 99 828 détenu par la Demanderesse, propose un dispositif pour la combustion de mélanges de fluides combustibles avec induction d'air, dans lequel ces fluides sont introduits dans un corps de brûleur formant venturi, au moyen d'injecteurs à section transversale annulaire disposés coaxialement suivant l'axe dudit corps. Un tel dispositif présente l'inconvénient majeur d'être difficile à réaliser car il nécessite un usinage stricte et rigoureux. En outre, il apparaít souhaitable d'améliorer ses performances pour améliorer l'efficacité du dispositif et notamment l'homogénéité du profil des vitesses d'éjection des fluides dans le divergent du venturi formant brûleur.European Patent No. 99,828 held by the Applicant, proposes a device for the combustion of mixtures of combustible fluids with induction of air, into which these fluids are introduced into a burner body forming venturi, by means of annular cross-section injectors arranged coaxially along the axis of said body. Such a device has the disadvantage major to be difficult to achieve because it requires strict and rigorous machining. In addition, it appears desirable to improve its performance to improve the effectiveness of the device and in particular the homogeneity of the velocity profile ejection fluid in the divergent burner venturi.

La Demanderesse a donc effectué des recherches en vue de trouver des solutions qui soient, à la fois, satisfaisantes sur le plan technique, simples, fiables et dont le coût d'investissement correspondant soit faible, en raffinerie comme sur un site de production, pour apporter des quantités d'air suffisantes au brûlage d'un gaz alimenté sous faible pression et contenant des hydrocarbures, tout en améliorant les conditions nécessaires pour une combustion optimale de ce gaz et notamment obtenir une combustion sans fumée.The Claimant has therefore conducted research to find solutions that are both technically satisfactory, simple and reliable and the corresponding investment cost is low, in refineries on a production site, to bring sufficient quantities of air to the burning low-pressure gas containing hydrocarbons, while improving the conditions necessary for optimal combustion of this gas and especially to obtain a smokeless combustion.

EXPOSE SOMMAIRE DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

L'invention a par conséquent pour objet un dispositif pour la combustion de gaz contenant des hydrocarbures susceptibles de brûler en présence d'air, dans lequel le gaz combustible arrive par une alimentation centrale comprenant un tube situé dans l'axe d'un corps formant venturi, caractérisé en ce qu'une pluralité de tubes d'alimentation en gaz sont disposés suivant au moins une couronne autour de l'alimentation centrale du corps formant venturi, l'extrémité au moins de ces tubes ayant son axe sensiblement parallèle à la paroi du divergent de ce venturi.The invention therefore relates to a device for combustion gas containing hydrocarbons that may burn in the presence of air, in which the fuel gas arrives via a central supply comprising a tube located in the axis of a venturi body, characterized in that a plurality of gas supply tubes are arranged according to at least one ring around of the central feed of the body forming venturi, the end at least of these tubes having its axis substantially parallel to the wall of the divergent of this venturi.

Ainsi, le dispositif selon l'invention a notamment l'avantage de permettre la combustion complète d'un gaz contenant des hydrocarbures, sans fumée, même lorsque la pression du gaz combustible est faible et que celui-ci contient des condensats.Thus, the device according to the invention has the particular advantage of enabling complete combustion of a gas containing hydrocarbons, without any smoke, even when the fuel gas pressure is low and the fuel gas contains condensates.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques du dispositif selon l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la suite de la description à laquelle sont annexées, à titre uniquement illustratif, les figures 1, 2a et 2b.Other advantages and characteristics of the device according to the invention appear on reading the following description to the accompanying figures wherein, for illustrative purposes only, Figures 1, 2 and 2b.

DESCRIPTION SOMMAIRE DES FIGURESSUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

  • La figure 1 représente schématiquement un dispositif selon l'invention en vue de face et en coupe selon I-I.FIG. 1 schematically represents a device according to the invention in front view and in section according to I-I.
  • La figure 2a représente schématiquement le dispositif de la figure 1 en vue de dessus avec une pluralité de tubes disposés de façon annulaire sur une seule couronne dont le centre est situé sur l'axe du corps formant venturi.Figure 2a shows schematically the device of figure 1 in top view with a plurality of annularly disposed tubes on one ring whose center is situated on the axis of the body forming venturi.
  • La figure 2b représente schématiquement, en vue de dessus, une variante du dispositif de la figure 1 avec une pluralité de tubes répartis sur deux couronnes.Figure 2b shows schematically, in top view, a variant of the device of Figure 1 with a plurality of tubes distributed over two rings.

    • EXPOSE DETAILLE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

    Le dispositif selon l'invention, tel que représenté sur les figures 1 et 2a, comprend une alimentation centrale de gaz combustible 1 disposée au centre et à l'entrée d'un corps 2 formant venturi. Le corps 2 comprend une partie tronconique inférieure 3 appelée généralement "convergent" et qui se prolonge par une partie cylindrique 4 appelée "col". Cette partie cylindrique 3 se prolonge par une partie tronconique supérieure 5 appelée "divergent".The device according to the invention as shown in Figures 1 and 2, comprises a central supply of fuel gas 1 arranged at the center and to the input of a body 2 forming a venturi. The body 2 comprises a lower frustoconical portion 3 generally called "convergent" and which is extended by a cylindrical portion 4 called "neck". This cylindrical portion 3 is extended by an upper frustoconical portion 5 called "divergent".

    L'alimentation centrale de gaz 1 comporte généralement un tube central de section transversale annulaire et sensiblement coaxial avec le corps 2. Ce tube central s'étend depuis l'extérieur, en passant dans le convergent 3, jusqu'à un point situé dans le corps 2, en général au niveau de la jonction du convergent 3 et du col 4. The central gas supply 1 generally comprises a central tube of annular cross section and substantially coaxial with the body 2. This tube central extends from the outside, passing in the convergent 3, until a point in body 2, usually at the junction of convergent 3 and collar 4.

    Selon l'invention, une pluralité de tubes supplémentaires 6 est prévue autour de l'alimentation centrale 1. Au minimum, le dispositif conforme à l'invention comporte 3 tubes disposés de façon annulaire, le nombre maximum de tubes dépendant de la taille du corps formant venturi 2 et pouvant aller jusqu'à plusieurs dizaines. La disposition des tubes 6 est généralement régulière et annulaire, comme cela apparaít le mieux sur les figures 2a et 2b.According to the invention, a plurality of additional tubes 6 is provided around the central feed 1. At least the device according to the invention comprises 3 tubes arranged in an annular manner, the maximum number of tubes depending on the size of the body forming venturi 2 and up to several tens. The arrangement of the tubes 6 is generally regular and annular, as best shown in FIGS. 2 a and 2 b .

    De préférence, ces tubes supplémentaires 6 sont sensiblement identiques, ont une section transversale sensiblement circulaire et sont disposés de façon annulaire autour de l'alimentation centrale 1, avec au moins l'axe de leur extrémité sensiblement parallèle à la paroi du divergent 5 du corps formant venturi, en vue d'injecter le gaz combustible dans ledit corps en formant un angle α, avec l'axe AA de ce corps formant venturi. Leur partie inférieure 8 peut être cylindrique et sensiblement parallèle à l'axe AA du corps 2, tandis que, comme cela est visible sur la figure 1, l'angle d'inclinaison α de la partie supérieure 7 par rapport à l'axe AA est sensiblement égal à l'angle d'inclinaison du divergent 5 par rapport à ce même axe AA. Dans une variante de l'invention non représentée sur les figures, les axes des tubes peuvent former avec l'axe du corps formant venturi, un angle égal à celui que forme le divergent avec l'axe dudit corps.Preferably, these additional tubes 6 are substantially identical, have a substantially circular cross section and are arranged so annular around the central feed 1, with at least the axis of their end substantially parallel to the wall of the diverging portion 5 of the venturi body, in view injecting the combustible gas into said body at an angle α with the axis AA of this body forming venturi. Their lower part 8 can be cylindrical and substantially parallel to the axis AA of the body 2, whereas, as is visible on FIG. 1, the angle of inclination α of the upper part 7 with respect to the axis AA is substantially equal to the angle of inclination of the diverging portion 5 with respect to this same axis AA. In a variant of the invention not shown in the figures, the axes of the tubes can form with the axis of the body forming venturi, an angle equal to that form the divergent with the axis of said body.

    Les tubes peuvent être disposés, comme cela apparaít sur la figure 2b, de façon annulaire autour du tube central d'alimentation en gaz combustible, suivant plusieurs couronnes dont les centres sont situés sur l'axe AA du corps formant venturi 2.The tubes may be arranged, as shown in Figure 2b , annularly around the central tube for supplying fuel gas, along a plurality of rings whose centers are located on the axis AA of the body forming venturi 2.

    Les tubes supplémentaires 6 pénètrent tous généralement dans le corps 2 d'une même profondeur, qui peut être identique ou inférieure à la profondeur de pénétration du tube central 1 dans le corps 2. Ce tube central pouvant avoir un diamètre différent, de préférence supérieur au diamètre des tubes disposés de façon annulaire.The extra tubes 6 all generally enter the body 2 of the same depth, which may be the same or less than the depth of penetration of the central tube 1 in the body 2. This central tube may have a different diameter, preferably greater than the diameter of the tubes arranged so annular.

    Chaque tube 6 est dimensionné de telle sorte que, d'une part, son diamètre intérieur soit identique à celui de tous les tubes disposés de façon annulaire sur au moins une couronne et, d'autre part, pour qu'il puisse transporter entre 1% et 33% et de préférence entre 5 et 33% du gaz combustible. De plus, toutes les extrémités des tubes disposés sur au moins une couronne peuvent être équipées de dispositifs d'injection de gaz, tels que des buses d'injection. Each tube 6 is dimensioned so that, on the one hand, its diameter interior is identical to that of all tubes arranged annularly over the minus one crown and, on the other hand, so that it can carry between 1% and 33% and preferably between 5 and 33% of the fuel gas. In addition, all the extremities tubes arranged on at least one ring may be provided with devices injection of gas, such as injection nozzles.

    Le tube central 1, ainsi que les tubes supplémentaires 6 disposés sur au moins une couronne, peuvent tous être reliés au même tube d'alimentation 9 en gaz combustible. Dans ce cas, ils sont connectés par l'intermédiaire du tube d'alimentation 9 à une source de gaz combustible, qui peut être composé, par exemple, d'hydrocarbures, de sulfure d'hydrogène H2S ou d'un mélange de ces gaz.The central tube 1, as well as the additional tubes 6 arranged on at least one ring, can all be connected to the same feed tube 9 of combustible gas. In this case, they are connected via the feed tube 9 to a fuel gas source, which can be composed of, for example, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide H 2 S or a mixture of these gases.

    La combustion se produit à la sortie des tubes 1 et 6, à l'intérieur du corps 2, mais, grâce à la présence à la fois du tube central 1 et des tubes supplémentaires 6, il se produit une répartition des vitesses des gaz meilleure que celle observée avec les brûleurs classiques, ce qui favorise les échanges ainsi que les turbulences entre le fluide moteur et le comburant, c'est-à-dire le gaz combustible sortant des tubes, et le fluide induit c'est-à-dire l'air. Il en résulte une performance élevée d'entraínement de cet air, que l'on peut quantifier par un taux général de dilution du gaz combustible dans l'air de l'ordre de 40. (A titre de comparaison, les brûleurs classiques ont un taux de dilution de 3 à 10). En outre, l'entraínement de l'air par le dispositif conforme à l'invention est très important. même lorsque le dispositif est alimenté avec un fluide moteur à très basse pression.The combustion occurs at the outlet of the tubes 1 and 6, inside the body 2, but thanks to the presence of both the central tube 1 and the tubes additional 6, there is a better distribution of gas velocities than that observed with conventional burners, which favors exchanges and turbulence between the working fluid and the oxidant, that is to say the fuel gas leaving the tubes, and the induced fluid that is to say the air. This results in a high performance of this air, which can be quantified by a general dilution rate combustible gas in the air of the order of 40. (For comparison, the burners classics have a dilution ratio of 3 to 10). In addition, the training of the air by the device according to the invention is very important. even when the device is powered with a very low pressure engine fluid.

    La demanderesse a effectué des essais sur un brûleur au sol appelé "bum pit ". Lorsqu'on utilise un brûleur classique composé d'un tube unique d'alimentation en gaz à brûler et d'un venturi comportant seulement un tube central d'alimentation, on constate la production d'une épaisse fumée noire témoignant de la combustion incomplète des gaz. En revanche, lorsqu'on met en oeuvre le dispositif selon l'invention dans les mêmes conditions de débit élevé et de basse pression du gaz combustible, on obtient une combustion sans fumée. De plus, les condensats entraínés dans la flamme brûlent également sans fumée. L'obtention d'une combustion complète avec le brûleur classique aurait nécessité une pression de gaz 30 fois supérieure.The Applicant has carried out tests on a floor burner called "bum When using a conventional burner with a single tube supply of gas to be burned and a venturi comprising only a tube power supply, there is the production of thick black smoke testifying to the incomplete combustion of gases. On the other hand, when the device according to the invention under the same conditions of high throughput and low pressure of the fuel gas, we obtain a smokeless combustion. Of Moreover, the condensates entrained in the flame also burn without smoke. Obtaining complete combustion with the conventional burner would have required a gas pressure 30 times higher.

    Par ailleurs, l'utilisation du dispositif conforme à l'invention, met en oeuvre des conditions opératoires propices à la réduction des oxydes d'azote, telles que l'étagement de l'air de combustion, la suppression des zones très chaudes de la flamme par homogénéisation des températures de celle-ci, ce qui présente un intérêt certain, puisqu'il a été établi que les oxydes d'azote formés lors d'une combustion contribuent au processus d'acidification, de pollution photochimique, de diminution de la couche d'ozone et d'accroissement de l'effet de serre.Moreover, the use of the device according to the invention of operating conditions conducive to the reduction of nitrogen oxides, such as as the staging of the combustion air, the removal of the very hot areas of the flame by homogenizing the temperatures thereof, which presents a interest, since it has been established that the oxides of nitrogen formed during a combustion contribute to the process of acidification, photochemical pollution, depletion of the ozone layer and increase of the greenhouse effect.

    Claims (3)

    1. A device for the combustion of gas containing hydrocarbons capable of burning in the presence of air, in which the combustible gas arrives via a central supply means (1) comprising a tube situated within the axis of a body forming a venturi (2), characterised in that a plurality of gas supply tubes (6) are disposed in at least one ring around the central supply means (1) of the body forming a venturi (2), the end at least of these tubes having its axis substantially parallel to the wall of the divergent section (5) of said venturi.
    2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that each tube (6) disposed in annular fashion is dimensioned such that it may convey between 1% and 33% of the combustible gas, and preferably between 5% and 33% of said gas.
    3. A device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the diameter of the central tube (1) is different from, preferably greater than, the diameter of the tubes (6) disposed in annular fashion.
    EP99964724A 1998-12-30 1999-12-28 Device for improving gas fuel burning Expired - Lifetime EP1157235B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9816621 1998-12-30
    FR9816621A FR2788109B1 (en) 1998-12-30 1998-12-30 DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE BURNING OF GASEOUS FUELS
    PCT/FR1999/003299 WO2000040901A1 (en) 1998-12-30 1999-12-28 Device for improving gas fuel burning

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1157235A1 EP1157235A1 (en) 2001-11-28
    EP1157235B1 true EP1157235B1 (en) 2005-03-09

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    EP99964724A Expired - Lifetime EP1157235B1 (en) 1998-12-30 1999-12-28 Device for improving gas fuel burning

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    US (1) US7044730B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP1157235B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP4290343B2 (en)
    KR (1) KR100690934B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN1133845C (en)
    AR (1) AR022147A1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE290671T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU3048700A (en)
    DE (1) DE69924156T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2241356T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2788109B1 (en)
    PT (1) PT1157235E (en)
    WO (1) WO2000040901A1 (en)

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    DE102008019117A1 (en) 2008-04-16 2009-10-22 Man Turbo Ag Method for operating a premix burner and a premix burner for carrying out the method
    CN100590358C (en) * 2008-05-14 2010-02-17 宁波方太厨具有限公司 Multi-jet flow gas combustion burner ejection structure
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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    JP4290343B2 (en) 2009-07-01
    EP1157235A1 (en) 2001-11-28
    US7044730B1 (en) 2006-05-16
    DE69924156D1 (en) 2005-04-14
    WO2000040901A9 (en) 2002-01-03
    AR022147A1 (en) 2002-09-04
    AU3048700A (en) 2000-07-24
    PT1157235E (en) 2005-07-29
    KR20010101344A (en) 2001-11-14
    CN1332837A (en) 2002-01-23
    FR2788109B1 (en) 2001-06-08
    WO2000040901A1 (en) 2000-07-13
    DE69924156T2 (en) 2006-02-16
    ATE290671T1 (en) 2005-03-15
    ES2241356T3 (en) 2005-10-16
    JP2002534652A (en) 2002-10-15
    KR100690934B1 (en) 2007-03-09
    FR2788109A1 (en) 2000-07-07
    CN1133845C (en) 2004-01-07

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