EP1147343A1 - Boiler - Google Patents

Boiler

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Publication number
EP1147343A1
EP1147343A1 EP00904960A EP00904960A EP1147343A1 EP 1147343 A1 EP1147343 A1 EP 1147343A1 EP 00904960 A EP00904960 A EP 00904960A EP 00904960 A EP00904960 A EP 00904960A EP 1147343 A1 EP1147343 A1 EP 1147343A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hot water
container
heating
tubular element
heating coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00904960A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lorenz Kirchner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reflex Winkelmann and Pannhoff and Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Reflex Winkelmann and Pannhoff and Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reflex Winkelmann and Pannhoff and Co GmbH filed Critical Reflex Winkelmann and Pannhoff and Co GmbH
Publication of EP1147343A1 publication Critical patent/EP1147343A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F24D3/087—Tap water heat exchangers specially adapted therefore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D20/0039—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material with stratification of the heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot water tank with a thermally insulated closed storage tank with a cold water inlet in its lower region and a hot water outlet in its upper region with a tubular element arranged in the container, which is arranged at a distance from the container bottom and the container lid, and with an outside around it tubular element arranged heating coil with heating medium inlet and outlet led from the storage tank.
  • hot water to be heated forms the contents of the hot water tank while the heating medium is fed into a heating coil.
  • hot water storage tanks are not designed as instantaneous heaters, since there is general concern that the specific heat output of such systems is insufficient to bring the required amount of hot water to the desired level Heating temperature.
  • water heaters are to be operated as instantaneous water heaters, they are only heated electrically or gas. In addition, there is an endeavor in the case of instantaneous heaters with a high specific heating output to heat a small volume of hot water. Such a water heater cannot be used as a buffer storage.
  • hot water tanks are designed as stratified tanks. Constructions are known in which the heating coil is arranged within a tubular body, which in turn is arranged upright in the store. If the flow temperature supplied by the heat source is relatively low, the heating capacity of the hot water tank is unsatisfactory, since the warm water on top prevents the rise of the less heated water. As a result, the flow in the tubular body arranged in the middle stops and the heating coil loses power significantly. In order to compensate for this disadvantage, in a solution known from DE-43 01 723-Al the tubular body is provided with complex check valve flap constructions. The flaps are arranged at different heights of the tubular body and thus enable heat exchange at different heights and different temperature ranges.
  • This known hot water tank does not work as a continuous flow heater, but the domestic water to be heated forms the contents of the hot water tank and the heating medium is guided in the heating spiral (s).
  • a generic hot water tank is known from DE-197 24 805-A1.
  • the heating coil through which the heating medium flows, is arranged outside a tubular element and surrounds it.
  • the tubular element is located in the immediate vicinity of the heat source and extends approximately over the entire height of the hot water tank in order to form inflow and outflow gaps with the bottom or cover of the storage tank.
  • the inflow gap on the bottom the domestic water to be heated reaches the annular gap which is formed by the outer wall of the container and the tubular element and in which the heating coil is arranged.
  • the convection in the annular gap creates a relatively high flow rate, which results in good heat transfer.
  • the hot service water reaches the upper area of the hot water tank through the outflow gap.
  • This hot water tank also does not work as a water heater.
  • a hot water tank which has a tubular element with a heating spiral, which extends only in the lower region of the container.
  • a hot water tank is known in which process water is heated in a continuous flow principle.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop a generic hot water tank, which is indirectly heated by at least one liquid heating medium, so that it can be operated as a water heater and at the same time is able to store excess heat from preferably solar heat generator systems for later retrieval.
  • a hot water tank of the type mentioned at the outset in that the tubular element with the heating coil extends only in the lower region of the container and at least above the tubular element a hot water heating coil through which the hot water flows is arranged, which is directly connected to the cold water supply and the Hot water drain is connected and is in indirect heat exchange with a liquid heat carrier received in the container and heated by the heating coil, the hot water heating coil extending into the interior of the tubular element.
  • hot water tank available, which is able to store excess heat as well as to heat process water using the continuous flow principle.
  • the lower part of the hot water storage tank is designed as a stratified storage tank, but the storage tank contents are not the process water itself, but a liquid heat transfer medium, for example also water.
  • This liquid heat transfer medium is heated in the narrow annular space between the tubular element and the container wall by the heating medium flowing through the heating coil.
  • This arrangement results in a rapid heat transfer, with which a comparatively small amount of water meets a high heat potential.
  • This results in a rapid heating of the heat transfer medium which is used to heat the process water that flows through the process water heating spiral.
  • the domestic water is thus heated in a continuous flow principle in indirect heat exchange with the liquid heat transfer medium.
  • the hot water heating coil extends into the interior of the tubular element achieves additional preheating of the hot water, which significantly improves the performance of the hot water heater.
  • the outlet temperature at the return of the heating coil (for example at the return of the solar circuit) is reduced, which significantly improves the efficiency of the solar system.
  • additional inlets and outlets for liquid heat transfer media are provided, which are in direct heat exchange with the heat transfer fluid received in the container.
  • additional heating devices such as boiler systems heated by fossil fuels, heat pump systems, etc. Since the process water itself only circulates in the process water heating coil, the heat from such additional heating can be introduced by direct heat exchange, i.e. the liquid heat transfer medium, which is heated in another heat source, gets directly into the hot water tank without the interposition of a heat exchanger and mixes there the heat transfer medium in the store. On the one hand, this increases efficiency and, on the other hand, it lowers the cost of the hot water tank.
  • this shows a longitudinal section of a hot water tank according to the invention.
  • a hot water tank according to the invention is generally designated 1 in the drawing.
  • This hot water tank has a thermally insulated closed storage tank 2.
  • this container 2 there is a standing tubular element 3, namely at a distance from the container bottom 4 and at a clear distance from the container lid 5.
  • This tubular element 3 is surrounded on the outside by a heating coil 6, which is guided by a heating element from the storage container 2 Heating medium inlet 7 and heating medium run 8 is connected.
  • the tubular element 3 extends only in the lower region of the storage tank 2 and at least above the same is arranged a hot water heating coil 9 through which the hot water flows and which is connected directly to a cold hot water inlet 10 and a hot hot water outlet 11.
  • This hot water heating coil 9 can preferably also extend into the interior of the tubular element 3, this area of the hot water heating coil is designated by 9a.
  • a liquid heat transfer medium 12 which can be water, for example, is accommodated in the storage container 2. With this liquid heat transfer medium 12, which is heated by the heating coil 6, the process water heating coil 9, 9a is in indirect heat exchange.
  • the liquid heat transfer medium 12 can be in direct heat exchange with other liquid heat transfer media, preferably also water, which can be introduced into the container 2 via additional inlets and outlets for liquid heat transfer media.
  • Such inlets are designated by reference numerals 13 and 14, the corresponding returns by reference numerals 15 and 16.
  • a further return 17 is indicated. It can be seen that the hot water tank 1 is able both to store excess heat and to heat process water on a continuous basis.
  • the hot water tank 1 is formed in its lower area (area of the tubular element 3) as a stratified tank, the tank content not being the process water itself which flows through the process water heating coil 9 or 9a in the flow principle, but rather the liquid heat transfer medium 12 the narrow annular space between the tubular element 3 and the wall of the container 2 is heated by the heating medium flowing through the heating coil 3.
  • This arrangement results in a rapid heat transfer, with which a comparatively small amount of water meets a high heat potential.
  • the hot water is thus heated in a continuous flow principle in indirect heat exchange with the liquid heat transfer medium 12.
  • the area 9a of the hot water heating coil 9 results in an additional preheating of the hot water, which significantly improves the performance of the hot water heater.
  • the outlet temperature at the heating medium outlet 8 is reduced, which significantly improves the efficiency.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown, further configurations are possible without departing from the basic idea.
  • the hot water heating coil 9 only extend above the tubular element 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a boiler comprising a heat insulated closed reservoir container (2) with an inlet (10) for cold water for domestic use in the lower area of the boiler and with an outlet (11) for warm water for domestic use in the upper area of the boiler. The boiler also comprises a tube-shaped element (3) which is arranged in an upright position in the container (2) at a distance from the container bottom and the container lid. The boiler also comprises a heating spiral (6) which surrounds the tube-shape element (3). The heating spiral (6) comprises an inlet and an outlet (7, 8) for the heating medium. Said inlet and outlet (7, 8) are guided out of the reservoir container. The tube-shape element (3) with the heating spiral (6) only extends in the lower area of the container (2). A heating spiral (9) for water for domestic use which is cross-flown by water for domestic use is arranged at least above the tube-shaped element (3). Said heating spiral (9) is directly connected to the inlet (10) for cold water for domestic use and the outlet (11) for warm water for domestic use. The boiler also comprises a liquid heat transfer medium (12) that is accommodated in the container (2), heated by the heating spiral (6) and that indirectly exchanges heat with said heating spiral (9).

Description

"Warmwasserspeicher" "Hot water tank"
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Warmwasserspeicher mit einem wärmeisolierten geschlossenen Speicherbehälter mit einem Kaltbrauchwasserzulauf in seinem unteren Bereich und einem Warmbrauchwasserablauf in seinem oberen Bereich mit einem im Behälter stehend angeordneten rohrförmigen Element, das mit Abstand zum Behälterboden und zum Behälterdeckel angeordnet ist, und mit einer außenseitig um das rohrförmige Element angeordneten Heizspirale mit aus dem Speicherbehälter geführtem Heizmediumzu- und -ablauf .The invention relates to a hot water tank with a thermally insulated closed storage tank with a cold water inlet in its lower region and a hot water outlet in its upper region with a tubular element arranged in the container, which is arranged at a distance from the container bottom and the container lid, and with an outside around it tubular element arranged heating coil with heating medium inlet and outlet led from the storage tank.
Bei herkömmlichen, indirekt beheizten Warmwasserspeichern, die mit flüssigen Heizmedien beheizt werden, bildet das aufzuheizende Brauchwasser den Inhalt des Warmwasserspeichers, während das Heizmedium in eine Heizspirale geführt wird. Obwohl die Speicherung von erwärmtem Wasser die Gefahr von Bakterienbildung in sich birgt und damit nicht ohne hygienische Risiken ist, werden Warmwasserspeicher nicht als Durchlauferhitzer ausgebildet, da allgemein die Befürchtung besteht, daß die spezifische Wärmeleistung derartiger Systeme nicht ausreicht, um die erforderliche Brauchwassermenge auf die gewünschte Temperatur aufzuheizen.In conventional, indirectly heated hot water tanks that are heated with liquid heating media, the hot water to be heated forms the contents of the hot water tank while the heating medium is fed into a heating coil. Although the storage of heated water harbors the risk of bacteria formation and is therefore not without hygienic risks, hot water storage tanks are not designed as instantaneous heaters, since there is general concern that the specific heat output of such systems is insufficient to bring the required amount of hot water to the desired level Heating temperature.
Wenn Warmwasserbereiter als Durchlauferhitzer betrieben werden sollen, werden sie ausschließlich elektrisch- oder gasbeheizt. Darüber hinaus besteht bei Durchlauferhitzern das Bestreben, mit einer hohen spezifischen Heizleistung ein geringes Brauchwasservolumen aufzuheizen. Damit kann ein solcher Durchlauferhitzer nicht als Pufferspeicher verwendet werden.If water heaters are to be operated as instantaneous water heaters, they are only heated electrically or gas. In addition, there is an endeavor in the case of instantaneous heaters with a high specific heating output to heat a small volume of hot water. Such a water heater cannot be used as a buffer storage.
Zur Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades werden Warmwasserspeicher als Schichtenspeicher ausgebildet. Es sind Konstruktionen bekannt, bei denen die Heizspirale innerhalb eines rohrförmigen Körpers angeordnet ist, der seinerseits stehend im Speicher angeordnet ist. Wenn die von der Wärmequelle gelieferte Vorlauftemperatur relativ niedrig ist, ist die Heizleistung des Warmwasserspeichers unbefriedigend, da das oben liegende warme Wasser den Aufstieg des geringer erwärmten Wassers verhindert. Damit bricht die Strömung in dem mittig angeordneten rohrförmigen Körper ab und die Heizspirale verliert deutlich an Leistung. Um diesen Nachteil zu kompensieren, wird bei einer aus DE-43 01 723-Al bekannten Lösung der rohrförmige Körper mit aufwendigen Rückschlagventilklappen-Konstruktionen versehen. Die Klappen sind in verschiedenen Höhen des rohrförmigen Körpers angeordnet und ermöglichen somit einen Wärmeaustausch in unterschiedlichen Höhenlagen und unterschiedlichen Temperaturbereichen. Dieser bekannte Warmwasserspeicher arbeitet nicht als Durchlauferhitzer, sondern das aufzuheizende Brauchwasser bildet den Inhalt des Warmwasserspeichers und das Heizmedium wird in der bzw. den Heizspirale (n) geführt. Ein gattungsgemäßer Warmwasserspeicher ist aus DE-197 24 805-A1 bekannt. Bei diesem Warmwasserspeicher ist die Heizspirale, die vom Heizmedium durchströmt wird, außerhalb eines rohrförmen Elementes und dieses umgebend angeordnet. Das rohrförmige Element befindet sich dabei in unmittelbarer Nähe der Wärmequelle und erstreckt sich annähernd über die gesamte Höhe des Warmwasserspeichers, um mit dem Boden bzw. Deckel des Speicherbehälters Zu- und Abströmspalte zu bilden. Durch den Zuströmspalt am Boden gelangt das aufzuwärmende Brauchwasser in den Ringspalt, der durch die Außenwand des Behälters und das rohrförmige Element gebildet wird und in dem die Heizspirale angeordnet ist. Durch die Konvektion in dem Ringspalt entsteht eine relativ hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, die einen guten Wärmeübergang ergibt. Das warme Brauchwasser gelangt durch den Abströmspalt in den oberen Bereich des Warmwasserspeichers. Auch dieser Warmwasserspeicher arbeitet nicht als Durchlauferhitzer.To increase the efficiency, hot water tanks are designed as stratified tanks. Constructions are known in which the heating coil is arranged within a tubular body, which in turn is arranged upright in the store. If the flow temperature supplied by the heat source is relatively low, the heating capacity of the hot water tank is unsatisfactory, since the warm water on top prevents the rise of the less heated water. As a result, the flow in the tubular body arranged in the middle stops and the heating coil loses power significantly. In order to compensate for this disadvantage, in a solution known from DE-43 01 723-Al the tubular body is provided with complex check valve flap constructions. The flaps are arranged at different heights of the tubular body and thus enable heat exchange at different heights and different temperature ranges. This known hot water tank does not work as a continuous flow heater, but the domestic water to be heated forms the contents of the hot water tank and the heating medium is guided in the heating spiral (s). A generic hot water tank is known from DE-197 24 805-A1. In this hot water tank, the heating coil, through which the heating medium flows, is arranged outside a tubular element and surrounds it. The tubular element is located in the immediate vicinity of the heat source and extends approximately over the entire height of the hot water tank in order to form inflow and outflow gaps with the bottom or cover of the storage tank. Through the inflow gap on the bottom, the domestic water to be heated reaches the annular gap which is formed by the outer wall of the container and the tubular element and in which the heating coil is arranged. The convection in the annular gap creates a relatively high flow rate, which results in good heat transfer. The hot service water reaches the upper area of the hot water tank through the outflow gap. This hot water tank also does not work as a water heater.
Aus DE-87 05 241-U1 ist ein Warmwasserspeicher bekannt, welcher ein rohrförmiges Element mit einer Heizspirale aufweist, welches sich nur im unteren Bereich des Behälters erstreckt. Aus DE-197 10 803-A1 ist ein Warmwasserspeicher bekannt, bei dem Brauchwasser im Durchlaufprinzip erwärmt wird. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen gattungsgemäßen Warmwasserspeicher, der durch wenigstens ein flüssiges Heizmedium indirekt beheizt wird, so weiterzuentwickeln, daß er als Durchlauferhitzer betrieben werden kann und gleichzeitig in der Lage ist, Überschußwärme aus vorzugsweise solaren Wärmeerzeugeranlagen für einen späteren Abruf zu speichern.From DE-87 05 241-U1 a hot water tank is known, which has a tubular element with a heating spiral, which extends only in the lower region of the container. From DE-197 10 803-A1 a hot water tank is known in which process water is heated in a continuous flow principle. The object of the invention is to further develop a generic hot water tank, which is indirectly heated by at least one liquid heating medium, so that it can be operated as a water heater and at the same time is able to store excess heat from preferably solar heat generator systems for later retrieval.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Warmwasserspeicher der eingangs bezeichneten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß sich das rohrförmige Element mit der Heizspirale nur im unteren Bereich des Behälters erstreckt und wenigstens oberhalb des rohrförmigen Elementes eine vom Brauchwasser durchströmte Brauchwasserheizspirale angeordnet ist, die direkt mit dem Kaltbrauchwasserzulauf und dem Warmbrauchwasserablauf verbunden ist und mit einem im Behälter aufgenommenen, von der Heizspirale erwärmten flüssigen Wärmeträger im indirekten Wärmeaustausch steht, wobei sich die Brauchwasserheizspirale bis in das Innere des rohrförmigen Elementes erstreckt.This object is achieved according to the invention in a hot water tank of the type mentioned at the outset in that the tubular element with the heating coil extends only in the lower region of the container and at least above the tubular element a hot water heating coil through which the hot water flows is arranged, which is directly connected to the cold water supply and the Hot water drain is connected and is in indirect heat exchange with a liquid heat carrier received in the container and heated by the heating coil, the hot water heating coil extending into the interior of the tubular element.
Es steht somit ein Warmwasserspeicher zur Verfügung, der sowohl in der Lage ist, Überschußwärme zu speichern als auch Brauchwasser im Durchlaufprinzip zu erwärmen. Dabei ist der Warmwasserspeicher in seinem unteren Bereich als Schichtenspeicher ausgebildet, wobei Speicherinhalt nicht das Brauchwasser selbst, sondern ein flüssiger Wärmeträger, beispielsweise ebenfalls Wasser, ist. Dieser flüssige Wärmeträger wird in dem schmalen Ringraum zwischen dem rohrförmigen Element und der Behälterwandung von dem durch die Heizspirale strömenden Heizmedium erwärmt. Durch diese Anordnung ergibt sich ein schneller Wärmeübergang, mit der eine vergleichsweise geringe Wassermenge auf ein hohes Wärmepotential trifft. Daraus ergibt sich eine rasche Aufhei- zung des Wärmeträgers, was zur Erwärmung des Brauchwassers dient, welches durch die Brauchwasserheizspirale strömt. Die Erwärmung des Brauchwassers erfolgt somit im Durchlaufprinzip im indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit dem flüssigen Wärmeträger. Dabei wird dadurch, daß sich die Brauchwasserheizspirale bis in das Innere des rohrförmigen Elementes erstreckt, eine zusätzliche Vorwärmung des Brauchwassers erreicht, welche die Leistungsfähigkeit des Brauchwassererhitzers deutlich verbessert. Gleichzeitig wird die Austrittstemperatur am Rücklauf der Heizspirale (beispielsweise am Rücklauf des Solarkreislaufes) herabgesetzt, was den Wirkungsgrad der Solaranlage deutlich verbessert.There is therefore a hot water tank available, which is able to store excess heat as well as to heat process water using the continuous flow principle. The lower part of the hot water storage tank is designed as a stratified storage tank, but the storage tank contents are not the process water itself, but a liquid heat transfer medium, for example also water. This liquid heat transfer medium is heated in the narrow annular space between the tubular element and the container wall by the heating medium flowing through the heating coil. This arrangement results in a rapid heat transfer, with which a comparatively small amount of water meets a high heat potential. This results in a rapid heating of the heat transfer medium, which is used to heat the process water that flows through the process water heating spiral. The domestic water is thus heated in a continuous flow principle in indirect heat exchange with the liquid heat transfer medium. The fact that the hot water heating coil extends into the interior of the tubular element achieves additional preheating of the hot water, which significantly improves the performance of the hot water heater. At the same time, the outlet temperature at the return of the heating coil (for example at the return of the solar circuit) is reduced, which significantly improves the efficiency of the solar system.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß zusätzliche Zu- und Abläufe für flüssige Wärmeträger vorgesehen sind, die in direktem Wärmeaustausch mit dem im Behälter aufgenommenen Wärmeträger stehen. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, parallel als weitere Wärmequelle andere Heizeinrichtungen, wie beispielsweise durch fossile Brennstoffe beheizte Kesselanlagen, Wärmepumpenanlagen usw. einzusetzen. Da das Brauchwasser selbst nur in der Brauchwasserheizspirale zirkuliert, kann die Wärme aus einer solchen Zusatzheizung durch unmittelbaren Wärmeaustausch eingebracht werden, d.h. der flüssige Wärmeträger, der in einer weiteren Wärmequelle aufgeheizt wird, gelangt direkt in den Warmwasserspeicher ohne Zwischenschaltung eines Wärmeaustauschers und vermischt sich dort mit dem Wärmeträger im Speicher. Dies erhöht zum einen den Wirkungsgrad und es senkt zum anderen die Kosten des Warmwasserspeichers.In a further advantageous embodiment it is provided that additional inlets and outlets for liquid heat transfer media are provided, which are in direct heat exchange with the heat transfer fluid received in the container. In this way it is possible to use other heat sources in parallel Use heating devices, such as boiler systems heated by fossil fuels, heat pump systems, etc. Since the process water itself only circulates in the process water heating coil, the heat from such additional heating can be introduced by direct heat exchange, i.e. the liquid heat transfer medium, which is heated in another heat source, gets directly into the hot water tank without the interposition of a heat exchanger and mixes there the heat transfer medium in the store. On the one hand, this increases efficiency and, on the other hand, it lowers the cost of the hot water tank.
Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in der einzigen Figur in einem Längsschnitt einen erfindungsgemäßen Warmwasserspeicher .The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example. In the single figure, this shows a longitudinal section of a hot water tank according to the invention.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer Warmwasserspeicher ist in der Zeichnung allgemein mit 1 bezeichnet. Dieser Warmwasserspeicher weist einen wärmeisolierten geschlossenen Speicherbehälter 2 auf. In diesem Behälter 2 befindet sich ein stehend angeordnetes rohrförmiges Element 3, und zwar mit Abstand zum Behälterboden 4 und mit deutlichem Abstand zum Behälterdek- kel 5. Dieses rohrförmige Element 3 ist außenseitig von einer Heizspirale 6 umgeben, die mit einem aus dem Speicherbehälter 2 geführten Heizmediumzulauf 7 und Heizmedium- ablauf 8 verbunden ist.A hot water tank according to the invention is generally designated 1 in the drawing. This hot water tank has a thermally insulated closed storage tank 2. In this container 2 there is a standing tubular element 3, namely at a distance from the container bottom 4 and at a clear distance from the container lid 5. This tubular element 3 is surrounded on the outside by a heating coil 6, which is guided by a heating element from the storage container 2 Heating medium inlet 7 and heating medium run 8 is connected.
Erkennbar erstreckt sich dabei das rohrförmige Element 3 nur im unteren Bereich des Speicherbehälters 2 und wenigstens oberhalb desselben ist eine vom Brauchwasser durchströmte Brauchwasserheizspirale 9 angeordnet, die direkt mit einem Kaltbrauchwasserzulauf 10 und einem Warmbrauchwasserablauf 11 verbunden ist. Diese Brauchwasserheizspirale 9 kann sich vorzugsweise auch bis in das Innere des rohrförmigen Elementes 3 erstrecken, dieser Bereich der Brauchwasserheizspirale ist mit 9a bezeichnet.As can be seen, the tubular element 3 extends only in the lower region of the storage tank 2 and at least above the same is arranged a hot water heating coil 9 through which the hot water flows and which is connected directly to a cold hot water inlet 10 and a hot hot water outlet 11. This hot water heating coil 9 can preferably also extend into the interior of the tubular element 3, this area of the hot water heating coil is designated by 9a.
Im Speicherbehälter 2 ist ein flüssiger Wärmeträger 12 aufgenommen, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um Wasser handeln kann. Mit diesem flüssigen Wärmeträger 12, der von der Heizspirale 6 erwärmt wird, steht die Brauchwasserheizspirale 9, 9a im indirekten Wärmeaustausch.A liquid heat transfer medium 12, which can be water, for example, is accommodated in the storage container 2. With this liquid heat transfer medium 12, which is heated by the heating coil 6, the process water heating coil 9, 9a is in indirect heat exchange.
Der flüssige Wärmeträger 12 kann in direktem Wärmeaustausch mit weiteren flüssigen Wärmeträgern, vorzugsweise ebenfalls Wasser, stehen, die über zusätzliche Zu- und Abläufe für flüssige Wärmeträger in den Behälter 2 einleitbar sind. Solche Zuläufe sind mit den Bezugszeichen 13 und 14 bezeichnet, die entsprechenden Rückläufe mit den Bezugszeichen 15 und 16. Zudem ist noch ein weiterer Rücklauf 17 angedeutet . Erkennbar ist der Warmwasserspeicher 1 in der Lage, sowohl Überschußwärme zu speichern als auch Brauchwasser im Durchlaufprinzip zu erwärmen. Der Warmwasserspeicher 1 ist dabei in seinem unteren Bereich (Bereich des rohrförmigen Elementes 3) als Schichtenspeicher ausgebildet, wobei der Speicherinhalt nicht das Brauchwasser selbst ist, das im Durchflußprinzip durch die Brauchwasserheizspirale 9 bzw. 9a strömt, sondern der flüssige Wärmeträger 12. Dieser wird in dem schmalen Ringraum zwischen dem rohrförmigen Element 3 und der Wandung des Behälters 2 von dem durch die Heizspirale 3 strömenden Heizmedium erwärmt. Durch diese Anordnung ergibt sich ein schneller Wärmeübergang, mit dem eine vergleichsweise geringe Wassermenge auf ein hohes Wärmepotential trifft. Daraus ergibt sich eine rasche Aufheizung des Wärmeträgers 12, was zur Erwärmung des Brauchwassers dient, welches durch die Brauchwasserheizspirale 9, 9a strömt. Die Erwärmung des Brauchwassers erfolgt somit im Durchlaufprinzip im indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit dem flüssigen Wärmeträger 12. Durch den Bereich 9a der Brauchwasserheizspirale 9 ergibt sich eine zusätzliche Vorwärmung des Brauchwassers, welche die Leistungsfähigkeit des Brauchwassererhitzers deutlich verbessert. Gleichzeitig wird die Austrittstemperatur am Heizmediumablauf 8 herabgesetzt, was den Wirkungsgrad deutlich verbessert.The liquid heat transfer medium 12 can be in direct heat exchange with other liquid heat transfer media, preferably also water, which can be introduced into the container 2 via additional inlets and outlets for liquid heat transfer media. Such inlets are designated by reference numerals 13 and 14, the corresponding returns by reference numerals 15 and 16. In addition, a further return 17 is indicated. It can be seen that the hot water tank 1 is able both to store excess heat and to heat process water on a continuous basis. The hot water tank 1 is formed in its lower area (area of the tubular element 3) as a stratified tank, the tank content not being the process water itself which flows through the process water heating coil 9 or 9a in the flow principle, but rather the liquid heat transfer medium 12 the narrow annular space between the tubular element 3 and the wall of the container 2 is heated by the heating medium flowing through the heating coil 3. This arrangement results in a rapid heat transfer, with which a comparatively small amount of water meets a high heat potential. This results in rapid heating of the heat transfer medium 12, which serves to heat the process water which flows through the process water heating coil 9, 9a. The hot water is thus heated in a continuous flow principle in indirect heat exchange with the liquid heat transfer medium 12. The area 9a of the hot water heating coil 9 results in an additional preheating of the hot water, which significantly improves the performance of the hot water heater. At the same time, the outlet temperature at the heating medium outlet 8 is reduced, which significantly improves the efficiency.
Durch die zusätzlichen Zu- und Abläufe 13, 14, 15, 16 ist es möglich, parallel als weitere Wärmequelle andere Heizeinrichtungen, wie beispielsweise durch fossile Brennstoffe beheizte Kesselanlagen, Wärmepumpenanlagen usw. einzusetzen. Da das Brauchwasser selbst nur in der Brauchwasserheizspirale 9, 9a zirkuliert, kann die Wärme aus einer solchen Zusatzheizung durch unmittelbaren Wärmeaustausch eingebracht werden, d.h. der flüssige Wärmeträger, der in einer weiteren Wärmequelle aufgeheizt wird, gelangt direkt in den Warmwasserspeicher, ohne Zwischenschaltung eines Wärmeaustauschers, und vermischt sich dort mit dem Wärmeträger 12 im Speicher.Due to the additional inlets and outlets 13, 14, 15, 16 it is possible to use other heating devices in parallel as a further heat source, such as, for example, boiler systems heated by fossil fuels, heat pump systems, etc. Since the process water itself only circulates in the process water heating coil 9, 9a, the heat from such additional heating can be introduced by direct heat exchange, ie the liquid heat transfer medium, which is heated in a further heat source, goes directly into the hot water tank without the interposition of a heat exchanger, and mixes there with the heat transfer medium 12 in the memory.
Natürlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, weitere Ausgestaltungen sind möglich, ohne den Grundgedanken zu verlassen. So kann sich z.B. die Brauchwasserheizspirale 9 nur oberhalb des rohrförmigen Elementes 3 erstrecken. Of course, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown, further configurations are possible without departing from the basic idea. For example, the hot water heating coil 9 only extend above the tubular element 3.

Claims

Patentansprüche : Claims:
1. Warmwasserspeicher mit einem wärmeisolierten geschlossenen Speicherbehälter (2) mit einem Kaltbrauchwasserzulauf (10) in seinem unteren Bereich und einem Warmbrauchwasserablauf (11) in seinem oberen Bereich, mit einem im Behälter (2) stehend angeordneten rohrförmigen Element (3), das mit Abstand zum Behälterboden und zum Behälterdeckel angeordnet ist, und mit einer außenseitig um das rohrförmige Element (3) angeordneten Heizspirale (6) mit aus dem Speicherbehälter geführtem Heizmediumzu- und -ablauf (7,8), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das rohrförmige Element (3) mit der Heizspirale (6) nur im unteren Bereich des Behälters (2) erstreckt und wenigstens oberhalb des rohrförmigen Elementes (3) eine vom Brauchwasser durchströmte Brauchwasserheizspirale (9) angeordnet ist, die direkt mit dem Kaltbrauchwasserzulauf (10) und dem Warmbrauchwasserablauf (11) verbunden ist und mit einem im Behälter (2) aufgenommenen, von der Heizspirale (6) erwärmten flüssigen Wärmeträger (12) im indirekten Wärmeaustausch steht, wobei sich die Brauchwasserheizspirale (9,9a) bis in das Innere des rohrförmigen Elementes (3) erstreckt.1. Hot water tank with a thermally insulated closed storage tank (2) with a cold water inlet (10) in its lower area and a hot water outlet (11) in its upper area, with a standing in the container (2) arranged tubular element (3), which is at a distance is arranged to the tank bottom and to the tank lid, and with a heating spiral (6) arranged on the outside around the tubular element (3) and having a heating medium inlet and outlet (7, 8) led from the storage tank, characterized in that the tubular element (3 ) extends with the heating coil (6) only in the lower region of the container (2) and at least above the tubular element (3) a hot water heating coil (9) through which the hot water flows is arranged, which is directly connected to the cold water inlet (10) and the hot water outlet (11 ) is connected and with a liquid heat carrier which is accommodated in the container (2) and is heated by the heating coil (6) he (12) is in indirect heat exchange, the process water heating coil (9, 9a) extending into the interior of the tubular element (3).
2. Warmwasserspeicher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusätzliche Zu- und Abläufe (13,14,15,16,17) für flüssige Wärmeträger vorgesehen sind, die in direktem Wärmeaustausch mit dem im Behälter (2) aufgenommenen Wärmeträger (12) stehen. 2. Hot water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that additional inlets and outlets (13, 14, 15, 16, 17) are provided for liquid heat transfer media which are in direct heat exchange with the heat transfer media (12) accommodated in the container (2).
EP00904960A 1999-01-29 2000-01-25 Boiler Withdrawn EP1147343A1 (en)

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DE19903442A DE19903442A1 (en) 1999-01-29 1999-01-29 Hot water tank
DE19903442 1999-01-29
PCT/EP2000/000543 WO2000045093A1 (en) 1999-01-29 2000-01-25 Boiler

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DE102005044845A1 (en) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-22 Gewofag Gemeinnützige Wohnungsfürsorge AG DHW heating system
ITVI20070242A1 (en) * 2007-08-29 2009-02-28 Pietro Cecchin STORAGE TANK FOR PERFORMED FLUIDS
JP4539777B2 (en) * 2008-02-01 2010-09-08 ダイキン工業株式会社 Hot water storage water heater and hot water heater
DE102009026420B4 (en) 2009-05-22 2023-10-05 Joachim Zeeh Multi-zone stratified loading storage
AT511954B1 (en) * 2012-01-16 2013-04-15 Doppler Markus Ing HOT WATER TANK

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