EP1141198B1 - Use of cleaning agents for hard surfaces - Google Patents
Use of cleaning agents for hard surfaces Download PDFInfo
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- EP1141198B1 EP1141198B1 EP99966963A EP99966963A EP1141198B1 EP 1141198 B1 EP1141198 B1 EP 1141198B1 EP 99966963 A EP99966963 A EP 99966963A EP 99966963 A EP99966963 A EP 99966963A EP 1141198 B1 EP1141198 B1 EP 1141198B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of aqueous liquid surfactant-containing cleaning agents for hard surfaces, especially glass, with naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate.
- the cleaning agents for hard surfaces that are common today are usually aqueous preparations in the form of a stable solution or dispersion which contain, as essential active ingredients, surface-active substances, organic solvents and, if appropriate, complexing agents for the hardness constituents of the water, abrasive substances and cleaning alkalis.
- Detergents which are primarily intended for cleaning glass and ceramic surfaces, are often formulated as solutions of the active substances in a mixture of water and water-miscible organic solvents, primarily lower alcohols and glycol ethers. Examples of such agents can be found in the German Offenlegungsschrift22 20540, US patents 3,839,234 and 3,882,038 and in European patent applications 344 847 and 393 772nd
- Substantive polymers are in particular polycarboxylates such as poly (vinylpyrrolidone-coacrylic acid), but also poly (styrene sulfonate), cationic sugar and starch derivatives and block copolymers composed of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, the latter polyethers in particular having less substantivity.
- polycarboxylates such as poly (vinylpyrrolidone-coacrylic acid), but also poly (styrene sulfonate), cationic sugar and starch derivatives and block copolymers composed of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, the latter polyethers in particular having less substantivity.
- the invention relates to the use of detergents containing surfactants for hard surfaces containing one or more naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates included to reduce rain and / or fogging.
- a particular advantage of the present invention is that naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate an anti-rain and anti-fog effect at the same time is effected.
- these condensates can be clear and stable in storage without any problems work into the cleaning agents.
- the content of one or more naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates in the medium used is 0.001 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.05 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 2.5% by weight and most preferably 0.2 to 2.0% by weight.
- Naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates are polycondensation products from Naphthalenesulfonic acid and formaldehyde, which according to the known methods of alkaline or acidic condensation can be produced.
- naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate includes the naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates, i.e. the salts of naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates.
- Suitable salts are for example the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts, preferably the sodium, potassium, Magnesium and calcium salts, as well as the ammonium salts of naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates or their mixtures, especially the sodium salts.
- Suitable according to the invention are both high-molecular to low-molecular naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates, with the low condensates somewhat preferred are.
- Naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates suitable according to the invention are, for example, under the trade name Lomar® from Henkel Corp., for example the low molecular weight sodium salts Lomar® LS, Lomar® PW, Lomar® PWFA 40 and Lomar® PL 4 , the high molecular weight sodium salts Lomar® D and Lomar® D SOL, the potassium salt Lomar® HP and the ammonium salt Lomar® PWA, and under the trade name Tamol ® from BASF AG, for example the low-condensates Tamol® NN 2901, Ta mol® NN 7718, Tamol® NN 8906, Tamol® NN 9104, Tamol® NN 9401 (all sodium salts) and Tamol® NNA 4109 (ammonium salt) with a molar mass in the range of about 6,500 g / mol, the middle condensates Tamol® NMC 4001 and Tamol® NN 9401 (both calcium salt
- At least one naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate is used together with at least one further additive, which likewise reduces the rain and / or fogging effect.
- Further additives within the meaning of this particular embodiment are in particular (i) the substantive polymers with hydrophilic groups of WO 96/04358 A1 ( Procter & Gamble ), in particular polycarboxylates such as poly (vinylpyrrolidone-co-acrylic acid), but also poly (styrene sulfonate), cationic Sugar and starch derivatives and block copolymers composed of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, with an average molar mass of 10,000 to 3,000,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 2,500,000 g / mol, in particular 300,000 to 2,000,000 g / mol, most preferably 400,000 to 1,500,000 g / mol, (ii) the amine oxide polymers, in particular poly (4-vinylpyridine-N-oxides), of WO 97/33963 A1 ( Procter & Gamble ) with an average molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000 g / mol, preferably 5,000 up to 20,000 g
- Suitable surfactants for the agents used according to the invention are surfactants, especially from the classes of anionic and nonionic surfactants.
- the agents contain anionic and nonionic surfactants.
- the amount of anionic surfactant is usually not more than 10% by weight, preferably between 0.01 and 5% by weight, in particular between 0.01 and 0.5% by weight, particularly preferably between 0.1 and 0.3% by weight. Unless the agent contains nonionic surfactants contain, their concentration is usually not more than 3 wt .-%, preferably between 0.001 and 0.3% by weight and in particular between 0.001 and 0.1% by weight.
- Suitable anionic surfactants are preferably C 8 -C 18 alkylbenzenesulfonates, in particular with about 12 C atoms in the alkyl part, C 8 -C 20 alkanesulfonates, C 8 -C 18 monoalkyl sulfates, C 8 -C 18 alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates with 2 to 6 ethylene oxide units (EO) in the ether part and sulfosuccinic acid esters with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alcohol residues.
- EO ethylene oxide units
- the anionic surfactants are preferably used as sodium salts, but can also as other alkali or alkaline earth metal salts, for example magnesium salts, and be contained in the form of ammonium or amine salts.
- surfactants examples include sodium cocoalkyl sulfate, sodium sec-alkane sulfonate approx. 15 carbon atoms and sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate.
- Fatty alkyl sulfates and fatty alkyl + 2EO ether sulfates with 12 to 14 carbon atoms, which are preferred can be used together.
- nonionic surfactants especially C 8 -C 18 alcohol polyglycol ethers, ie ethoxylated alcohols with 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl part and 2 to 15 ethylene oxide units (EO), C 8 -C 18 carboxylic acid polyglycol esters with 2 to 15 EO, ethoxylated fatty acid amides with 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid part and 2 to 8 EO, long-chain amine oxides with 14 to 20 carbon atoms and long-chain alkyl polyglycosides with 8 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 1 to 3 glycoside units.
- EO ethylene oxide units
- C 8 -C 18 carboxylic acid polyglycol esters with 2 to 15 EO
- ethoxylated fatty acid amides with 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid part and 2 to 8 EO
- long-chain amine oxides with 14 to 20 carbon atoms
- surfactants examples include oleyl-cetyl alcohol with 5 EO, nonylphenol with 10 EO, lauric acid diethanolamide, coconut alkyl dimethylamine oxide and coconut alkyl polyglucoside with an average of 1.4 glucose units.
- Preferred nonionic surfactants are the addition products of ethylene oxide and fatty alcohols with in particular 2 to 8 ethylene oxide units, fatty acid polyglycol esters (FSE) with in particular 2 to 10 EO, for example tallow fatty acid + 6-EO ester, the alkyl polyglycosides and, in turn, the representatives with 8 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl part and up to 2 glucose units.
- Agents which contain anionic and nonionic surfactant are particularly preferred, in particular combinations of fatty alkyl sulfates and / or fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates with fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers.
- the cleaning agents used according to the invention can be water-soluble organic Solvents, for example lower alcohols and / or ether alcohols, preferably but mixtures of different alcohols and / or ether alcohols.
- the amount of organic solvent is usually not more than 50% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 15% by weight, most preferably 1 to 10% by weight.
- ethanol, isopropanol and n-propanol are used as alcohols.
- Ether alcohols are sufficiently water-soluble compounds with up to 10 C atoms in the molecule.
- ether alcohols are ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, Propylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monotertiary butyl ether and propylene glycol monoethyl ether, of which in turn Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and propylene glycol monobutyl ether are preferred.
- the weight ratio is both preferably between 1: 2 and 4: 1.
- mixtures of two various ether alcohols, especially ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and propylene glycol monobutyl ether, used the weight ratio of the two is preferably between 1: 6 and 6: 1, in particular between 1: 5 and 5: 1, for example at 4: 1, the proportion of ether alcohol with fewer carbon atoms preferably being the higher of both is.
- the agents used according to the invention can furthermore contain volatile alkali.
- ammonia and / or alkanolamines containing up to 9 carbon atoms in the molecule can, used.
- alkanolamines the ethanolamines are preferred and by them again the monoethanolamine.
- the ammonia and / or alkanolamine content is preferably 0.01 to 3% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 1% by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by weight.
- the agents according to the invention can additionally contain carboxylic acid contain, the equivalent ratio of amine and / or ammonia to carboxylic acid is preferably between 1: 0.9 and 1: 0.1.
- Carboxylic acids are suitable With up to 6 carbon atoms, which can be mono-, di- or polycarboxylic acids. Depending on the equivalent weight of amine and carboxylic acid, the content of carboxylic acid is preferably between 0.01 and 2.7% by weight, in particular between 0.01 and 0.9% by weight.
- suitable carboxylic acids are acetic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, Citric acid, succinic acid and adipic acid, of which preferably acetic acid, Citric acid and lactic acid can be used. Is particularly preferred Acetic acid used.
- the agent used preferably has a Brookfield viscosity (model DV-II +, spindle 31, rotational frequency 20 min -1 , 20 ° C.) of 0.1 to 200 mPa ⁇ s, in particular 0.5 to 100 mPa ⁇ s, extremely preferred 1 to 60 mPa ⁇ s.
- the agent can contain viscosity regulators.
- the amount of viscosity regulator is usually up to 0.5% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.3% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, most preferably 0.05 to 0.15% by weight .-%.
- Suitable viscosity regulators include synthetic polymers such as the homo- and / or copolymers of acrylic acid or their derivatives, for example the products from Goodrich available under the trade name Carbopol® , in particular the crosslinked acrylic acid copolymer Carbopol-ETD-2623®.
- International application WO 97/38076 lists a number of other polymers derived from acrylic acid, which are also suitable viscosity regulators.
- the agents used according to the invention can contain further auxiliaries. and contain additives as are customary in such agents. These include in particular Dyes, perfume oils, pH regulators (e.g. citric acid, alkanolamines or NaOH), preservatives, complexing agents for alkaline earth ions, enzymes, bleaching systems and antistatic substances.
- the amount of such additives is usually not over 2% by weight in the detergent. The lower limit of the bet depends on the type of Additive from and can, for example, with dyes up to 0.001 wt .-% and below be.
- the amount of auxiliary substances is preferably between 0.01 and 1% by weight.
- the pH of the agents used according to the invention can be varied over a wide range, however, a range from 2.5 to 12, in particular 6 to 11 and extreme is preferred preferably 7 to 10.5, for example about 7.5 or about 10.
- the agent used according to the invention is sprayable and can therefore be used in a spray dispenser become.
- Another object of the invention is accordingly the use of a product containing a Agent and a spray dispenser.
- the spray dispenser is preferably a manually activated spray dispenser, in particular selected from the group comprising aerosol spray dispensers, self-building spray dispensers, pump spray dispensers and trigger spray dispensers, in particular pump spray dispensers and trigger spray dispensers with a container made of transparent polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate.
- Spray dispensers are described in more detail in WO 96/04940 ( Procter & Gamble ) and the US patents cited therein as spray dispensers.
- the agents used according to the invention are used, for example, by applying the agent in amounts of about 1.5 to 10 g per m 2 , in particular 3 to 7 g per m 2 , to the surface to be cleaned and immediately thereafter wipe this surface with an absorbent soft object, thereby cleaning and / or disinfecting or sanitizing.
- the agents are preferably applied with the aid of suitable spraying devices, in particular a spray dispenser or a product according to the invention, in order to achieve the most uniform possible distribution. Sponges or cloths, which can be rinsed out with water from time to time when treating larger areas, are particularly suitable for wiping.
- agents used according to the invention are preferably formulated ready for use.
- a Formulation as a concentrate to be diluted before use is in Within the framework of the teaching according to the invention, the ingredients are then also possible are contained in the upper range of the specified quantity ranges.
- the agents can be mixed directly from their raw materials, then mixing and finally standing the agent until there are no bubbles getting produced.
- the agents E1 to E3 used according to the invention and the comparative agent V0 were prepared by simply stirring the components according to Table 1 together.
- E1 to E3 contained the naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate Lomar® LS in different amounts, while V0 had no additive. All agents had a pH of 7.5 and were clear and colorless.
- the treated mirror was held for 5 seconds over a dish (28 cm ⁇ 50 cm ⁇ 4 cm) with 1.5 l of boiling water and immediately afterwards evaluated whether and how much the mirror was fogged up.
- agents E1 to E3 show both an anti-rain effect and an anti-fog effect according to the invention.
- the comparative agents V1 to V3 were also produced with the polymer poly (sodium p-styrenesulfonate) known as an anti-rain additive according to Table 3 on the basis of V0 as a frame formulation. These agents also had a pH of 7.5 and were clear and colorless. Additive [% by weight] V1 V2 V3 Poly (sodium p-styrene sulfonate), 70,000 g / mol 0.1 0.2 0.4
- agents V1 to V3 were also checked for an anti-fog effect.
- the agents V1 to V3 did not show any anti-fog effect.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung wäßriger flüssiger tensidhaltiger Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen, insbesondere Glas, mit Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensat.The invention relates to the use of aqueous liquid surfactant-containing cleaning agents for hard surfaces, especially glass, with naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate.
Bei den heute üblichen Reinigungsmitteln für harte Oberflächen handelt es sich in der Regel um wäßrige Zubereitungen in Form einer stabilen Lösung oder Dispersion, die als wesentliche Wirkstoffe oberflächenaktive Substanzen, organische Lösungsmittel sowie gegebenenfalls Komplexbildner für die Härtebestandteile des Wassers, Abrasivstoffe und reinigend wirkende Alkalien enthalten. Reinigungsmittel, die vor allem für die Reinigung von Glas- und Keramikoberflächen bestimmt sind, werden häufig als Lösungen der Wirkstoffe in einem Gemisch aus Wasser und mit Wasser mischbaren organischen Lösungsmitteln, in erster Linie niedere Alkohole und Glykolether, formuliert. Beispiele derartiger Mittel finden sich in der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift22 20 540, den US-Patentschriften 3 839 234 und 3 882 038 sowie in den europäischen Patentanmeldungen 344 847 und 393 772.The cleaning agents for hard surfaces that are common today are usually aqueous preparations in the form of a stable solution or dispersion which contain, as essential active ingredients, surface-active substances, organic solvents and, if appropriate, complexing agents for the hardness constituents of the water, abrasive substances and cleaning alkalis. Detergents, which are primarily intended for cleaning glass and ceramic surfaces, are often formulated as solutions of the active substances in a mixture of water and water-miscible organic solvents, primarily lower alcohols and glycol ethers. Examples of such agents can be found in the German Offenlegungsschrift22 20540, US patents 3,839,234 and 3,882,038 and in European patent applications 344 847 and 393 772nd
US-A-5372741, EP-A-364260 und WO-A-9412606 beschreiben Reinigungsmittel enthaltend Tenside und Naphthalinsulfonsäure Formaldehyd Kondensate.US-A-5372741, EP-A-364260 and WO-A-9412606 describe detergents containing Surfactants and naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensates.
Bei der Anwendung der Reinigungsmittel stellt sich neben der Forderung nach hoher Reinigungsleistung auch die Forderung nach möglichst einfacher und bequemer Anwendung der Mittel. Meist wird erwartet, daß die Mittel bereits bei einmaligem Auftrag ohne weitere Maßnahmen die gewünschte Wirkung liefern. Hier stellt sich vor allem bei Anwendung auf glatten Oberflächen, insbesondere solchen, die wie Glas oder Keramik spiegelnd reflektieren können, Schwierigkeiten dadurch ein, daß Mittel, die gut reinigen, meist nicht streifenfrei auftrocknen, während solche Mittel, die im wesentlichen ohne sichtbare Rückstände auftrocknen, nur eine begrenzte Reinigungswirkung aufweisen. Um bei annehmbaren Rückstandsverhalten eine hinreichende Reinigungswirkung, insbesondere gegenüber fettigen Anschmutzungen zu erreichen, ist es notwendig, den Reinigungsmitteln neben organischen Lösungsmitteln auch größere Mengen an mehr oder weniger flüchtigen Alkalien zuzusetzen. Hier haben insbesondere Ammoniak und Alkanolamine Anwendung gefunden. Höhere Konzentrationen an Ammoniak bzw. Amin bewirken allerdings neben einer merklichen Geruchsbelästung eine entsprechende Erhöhung des pH-Wertes in der Reinigungsmittellösung mit der Folge, daß empfindlichere Oberflächen, wie beispielsweise Lackflächen, von diesen Reinigungsmitteln deutlich angegriffen werden.When using detergents, there is also a requirement for high Cleaning performance also the requirement for simple and convenient use of means. Most of the time, it is expected that the funds will be available without a single order further measures deliver the desired effect. This is particularly the case here on smooth surfaces, especially those such as glass or ceramics can reflect specularly, difficulties in that agents that clean well, usually do not dry streak-free, while such agents that are essentially without Dry visible residues, have only a limited cleaning effect. In order to achieve a sufficient cleaning effect with an acceptable residue behavior, in particular to achieve greasy soiling, it is necessary to use the cleaning agents in addition to organic solvents also larger amounts of more or add less volatile alkalis. Here in particular have ammonia and alkanolamines Application found. Cause higher concentrations of ammonia or amine however, in addition to a noticeable odor nuisance, a corresponding increase of the pH in the detergent solution with the result that more sensitive Surfaces such as paint surfaces are significantly attacked by these cleaning agents become.
Bei glatten Oberflächen, insbesondere solchen, die wie Glas oder Keramik spiegelnd reflektieren können, treten darüber hinaus zwei spezielle Probleme auf, die in der Regel nicht unmittelbar nach dem Reinigungsvorgang zu Tage treten, sondern meist erst zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt. Es ist dies zum einen das wohlbekannte, aber störende Phänomen der Kondensation von Wasser auf die vorgenannten Oberflächen, beispielsweise im Badezimmer während und nach dem Duschen oder Baden, das im folgenden als Beschlageffekt bezeichnet wird. Zum anderen ist es das ebenso bekannte wie unerfreuliche - wenn auch langfristig unvermeidbare - Ereignis, daß nach dem Reinigen einer der Witterung ausgesetzten reflektierenden Oberfläche wie Fensterglas ein Regenschauer mit den im Anschluß zurückbleibenden Regenflecken das Reinigungsergebnis zunichte macht, was nachfolgend als Regeneffekt bezeichnet wird.With smooth surfaces, especially those that can reflect like glass or ceramics, there are also two special problems that usually do not come to light immediately after the cleaning process, but usually only at a later point in time. On the one hand, this is the well-known but disturbing phenomenon of the condensation of water on the aforementioned surfaces, for example in the bathroom during and after showering or bathing, which is referred to below as a fogging effect. On the other hand, it is the well-known as well as unpleasant - albeit long-term unavoidable - event that after cleaning a reflective surface exposed to the weather, such as window glass, a rain shower with the subsequent rain spots stains the cleaning result, which is referred to below as the rain effect.
Es bestand daher nach wie vor Bedarf an Reinigungsmitteln, die bei hoher Reinigungsleistung die genannten Nachteile nicht aufweisen.There was therefore still a need for cleaning agents with high cleaning performance do not have the disadvantages mentioned.
Aus der WO 96/04358 A1 (Procter & Gamble) sind Reinigungsmittel bekannt, die Glas reinigen können, ohne in einem störenden Ausmaß Flecken und/oder Filme zu hinterlassen, und eine wirksame Menge eines substantiven Polymers mit hydrophilen Gruppen enthalten, das das Glas mit einer lang anhaltenden höheren Hydrophilie versieht, so daß wenigstens bei den nächsten drei erneuten Benetzungen, beispielsweise durch Regen, das Wasser flächig abläuft und nach dem Trocknen weniger Flecken zurückbleiben. Substantive Polymere sind insbesondere Polycarboxylate wie Poly(vinylpyrrolidon-coacrylsäure), aber auch Poly(styrolsulfonat), kationische Zucker- und Stärkederivate sowie aus Ethylenoxid und Propylenoxid aufgebaute Blockcopolymere, wobei gerade letztere Polyether weniger Substantivität besitzen.From WO 96/04358 A1 ( Procter & Gamble ) cleaning agents are known which can clean glass without leaving stains and / or films to an annoying extent and which contain an effective amount of a substantive polymer with hydrophilic groups which the glass coexists with a long-lasting higher hydrophilicity, so that at least with the next three re-wetting, for example by rain, the water runs off flatly and less stains remain after drying. Substantive polymers are in particular polycarboxylates such as poly (vinylpyrrolidone-coacrylic acid), but also poly (styrene sulfonate), cationic sugar and starch derivatives and block copolymers composed of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, the latter polyethers in particular having less substantivity.
Überraschend wurde nun gefunden, daß diese Aufgaben durch den Einsatz von Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensat gelöst werden. Surprisingly, it has now been found that these tasks are achieved by using naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate be solved.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung tensidhaltiger Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen, die ein oder mehrere Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensate enthalten zur Verringerung des Regeneffekts und /oder Beschlageffekts.The invention relates to the use of detergents containing surfactants for hard surfaces containing one or more naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates included to reduce rain and / or fogging.
Ein besonderer Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, daß durch Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensat gleichzeitig ein Antiregen- und ein Antibeschlageffekt bewirkt wird. Zudem lassen sich diese Kondensate problemlos klar und lagerstabil in die Reinigungsmittel einarbeiten.A particular advantage of the present invention is that naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate an anti-rain and anti-fog effect at the same time is effected. In addition, these condensates can be clear and stable in storage without any problems work into the cleaning agents.
Mengen sind im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung in Gew.-% angegeben und beziehen sich - soweit jeweils nicht ausdrücklich anders ausgeführt - auf das gesamte Mittel.In the context of the present invention, amounts are stated and refer to% by weight - unless specifically stated otherwise - on the entire remedy.
Der Gehalt an einem oder mehreren Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensaten in dem eingsetzten Mittel beträgt 0,001 bis 20 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,01 bis 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,1 bis 2,5 Gew.-% und äußerst bevorzugt 0,2 bis 2,0 Gew.-%.The content of one or more naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates in the medium used is 0.001 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.05 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 2.5% by weight and most preferably 0.2 to 2.0% by weight.
Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensate sind Polykondensationsprodukte von Naphthalinsulfonsäure und Formaldehyd, die nach den bekannten Methoden der alkalischen oder sauren Kondensation herstellbar sind.Naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates are polycondensation products from Naphthalenesulfonic acid and formaldehyde, which according to the known methods of alkaline or acidic condensation can be produced.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung schließt der Begriff Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensat die Naphthalinsulfonat-Formaldehyd-Kondensate, d.h. die Salze der Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensate, mit ein. Geeignete Salze sind beispielsweise die Alkalimetall- und Erdalkalimetallsalze, bevorzugt die Natrium-, Kalium-, Magnesium- und Calciumsalze, sowie die Ammoniumsalze der Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensate oder deren Mischungen, insbesondere die Natriumsalze.In the context of the present invention, the term naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate includes the naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates, i.e. the salts of naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates. Suitable salts are for example the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts, preferably the sodium, potassium, Magnesium and calcium salts, as well as the ammonium salts of naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates or their mixtures, especially the sodium salts.
Erfindungsgemäß geeignete sind sowohl hochmolekulare bis niedermolekulare Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensate, wobei die Niederkondensate etwas bevorzugt sind.Suitable according to the invention are both high-molecular to low-molecular naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates, with the low condensates somewhat preferred are.
Erfindungsgemäß geeignete Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensate sind beispielsweise unter dem Handelsnamen Lomar® von der Fa. Henkel Corp., z.B. die niedermolekularen Natriumsalze Lomar® LS, Lomar® PW, Lomar® PWFA 40 und Lomar® PL 4, die hochmolekularen Natriumsalze Lomar® D und Lomar® D SOL, das Kaliumsalz Lomar® HP sowie das Ammoniumsalz Lomar® PWA, sowie unter dem Handelsnamen Tamol® von der Fa. BASF AG, z.B. die Niederkondensate Tamol® NN 2901, Tamol® NN 7718, Tamol® NN 8906, Tamol® NN 9104, Tamol® NN 9401 (sämtlich Natriumsalze) und Tamol® NNA 4109 (Ammoniumsalz) mit einer Molmasse im Bereich von etwa 6.500 g/mol, die Mittelkondensate Tamol® NMC 4001 und Tamol® NN 9401 (beides Calciumsalze) mit einer Molmasse im Bereich von etwa 20.000 g/mol sowie die Hochkondensate Tamol® NH 3091, Tamol® NH 7519, Tamol® NH 9103 (sämtlich Natriumsalze) und Tamol® NHC 3001 (Calciumsalz) mit einer Molmasse im Bereich von etwa 35.000 g/mol, erhältlich.Naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates suitable according to the invention are, for example, under the trade name Lomar® from Henkel Corp., for example the low molecular weight sodium salts Lomar® LS, Lomar® PW, Lomar® PWFA 40 and Lomar® PL 4 , the high molecular weight sodium salts Lomar® D and Lomar® D SOL, the potassium salt Lomar® HP and the ammonium salt Lomar® PWA, and under the trade name Tamol ® from BASF AG, for example the low-condensates Tamol® NN 2901, Ta mol® NN 7718, Tamol® NN 8906, Tamol® NN 9104, Tamol® NN 9401 (all sodium salts) and Tamol® NNA 4109 (ammonium salt) with a molar mass in the range of about 6,500 g / mol, the middle condensates Tamol® NMC 4001 and Tamol® NN 9401 (both calcium salts) with one Molar mass in the range of approximately 20,000 g / mol and the high-condensates Tamol® NH 3091, Tamol® NH 7519, Tamol® NH 9103 (all sodium salts) and Tamol® NHC 3001 (calcium salt) with a molar mass in the range of approximately 35,000 g / mol, available.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Mittels, wird mindestens ein Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensat zusammen mit mindestens einem weiteren Additiv, das ebenfalls eine Verringerung des Regen- und/oder Beschlageffekts bewirkt, eingesetzt. Weitere Additive im Sinne dieser besonderen Ausführungsform sind insbesondere (i) die substantiven Polymere mit hydrophilen Gruppen der WO 96/04358 A1 (Procter & Gamble), insbesondere Polycarboxylate wie Poly(vinylpyrrolidon-co-acrylsäure), aber auch Poly(styrolsulfonat), kationische Zucker- und Stärkederivate sowie aus Ethylenoxid und Propylenoxid aufgebaute Blockcopolymere, mit einer durchschnittlichen Molmasse von 10.000 bis 3.000.000 g/mol, vorzugsweise 20.000 bis 2.500.000 g/mol, insbesondere 300.000 bis 2.000.000 g/mol, äußerst bevorzugt 400.000 bis 1.500.000 g/mol, (ii) die Aminoxidpolymere, insbesondere Poly(4-vinylpyridin-N-oxide), der WO 97/33963 A1 (Procter & Gamble) mit einer durchschnittlichen Molmasse von 2.000 bis 100.000 g/mol, vorzugsweise 5.000 bis 20.000 g/mol, insbesondere 8.000 bis 12.000 g/mol, (iii) endgruppenverschlossene polyalkoxylierte Alkohole der Formel R1O[CH2CH(CH)3O]p[CH2CH(R2)O]qR3, in der R1 einen linearen, aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis etwa 22 Kohlenstoffatomen oder ein Gemisch verschiedener solcher Reste, R2 ein Wasserstoffatom oder einen niederen Alkylrest mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, R3 einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten, aliphatischen, ggf. arylsubstitutierten, acyclischen oder cyclischen, Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis etwa 78 Kohlenstoffatomen und optional ein oder mehreren Hydroxygruppen und/oder Ethergruppen -O- oder ein Gemisch verschiedener solcher Reste, p eine Zahl von 0 bis etwa 15 und q eine Zahl von 0 bis etwa 50 repräsentiert und die Summe von p und q mindestens 1 ist, insbesondere epoxyverschlossene polyalkoxylierte Alkohole vorgenannter Formel, in der R1 einen linearen, aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit etwa 4 bis etwa 18, vorzugsweise etwa 4 bis etwa 12, Kohlenstoffatomen, insbesondere einen Butyl-, Hexyl-, Octyl- oder Decylrest bzw. deren Mischungen, oder ein Gemisch verschiedener solcher Reste, R2 ein Wasserstoffatom oder einen niederen Alkylrest mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, vorzugsweise ein Wasserstoffatom, R3 eine Gruppe [CH2CH(R4)O]rH, in der R4 für einen linearen, aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit etwa 2 bis etwa 26, vorzugsweise etwa 4 bis etwa 18, insbesondere etwa 6 bis etwa 14, Kohlenstoffatomen oder ein Gemisch verschiedener solcher Reste und r für eine Zahl von 1 bis etwa 3, vorzugsweise 1 bis etwa 2, insbesondere 1, steht, p eine Zahl von 1 bis etwa 5, vorzugsweise 1 bis etwa 2, insbesondere 1, und q eine Zahl von 1 bis etwa 30, vorzugsweise etwa 4 bis etwa 26, insbesondere etwa 10 bis etwa 24, repräsentiert, beispielsweise mit R1 = C8/10-Alkylrest, R2 = H, R3 = [CH2CH(R4)O]rH mit R4 = C8-Alkylrest und r = 1, u = 1 und v = 22, (iv) Ligninsulfonate, beispielsweise die Alkalimetall- und Erdalkalimetalligninsulfonate sowie die Ammoniumligninsulfonate oder deren Mischungen, vorzugsweise Natrium-, Magnesium-, Calcium- oder Ammoniumligninsulfonate sowie deren Mischungen, insbesondere die Natriumligninsulfonate, und/oder Ligninsulfonsäure, die ggf. in situ mit einer entrsprechenden Base neutralisiert wird (geeignete Ligninsulfonate sind beispielsweise unter dem Handelsnamen Zewa® von der Fa. Ligninchemie, z.B. die Natriumligninsulfonate Zewa® EF, Zewa® S, Zewa® S 2, Zewa® SL und Zewa® SL 2 sowie das Ammoniumligninsulfonat Zewa® DIS TR, unter dem Handelsnamen Totanin® von der Fa. Nike Baeck lndustries GmbH, z.B. das Ammoniumligninsulfonat Totanin® AM 5025-T2 und das Calciumligninsulfonat Totanin® CA 2032, sowie unter den Handelsnamen Borresperse® (etwa 25 % der Moleküle haben eine Molmasse über 20.000 g/mol), Borrewell®, Borrebond®, Ultrazine®, Ufoxane® (Ultrazine®, Ufoxane®: etwa 40 % der Moleküle haben eine Molmasse über 20.000 g/mol), Marasperse®, Maracell® und Maratan® von der Fa. LignoTech USA, lnc. der Borregaard Gruppe, z.B. die Calciumligninsulfonate Borresperse® CA, Borrebond® und Ultrazine® CA, die Natriumligninsulfonate Borresperse® NA, Borresperse® 3A, Ultrazine® NA, Ultrazine® NAS, Ufoxane® 2, Ufoxane® 3A und Ufoxane® RG, das Ammoniumligninsulfonat Borresperse® NH sowie die Chrom-, Ferrochrom- und Eisenligninsulfonate Borresperse® C, FC und FE, erhältlich), (v) Gummi arabicum, (vi) Polyvinylpyrrolidone und (vii) Polyethylenglykole, wobei die Polywachse, feste Polyethylenglykole mit einer Molmasse von ca. 500 bis über 10.000 g/mol, z.B. 4.000 g/mol, und wachsartiger Konsistenz, gegenüber den flüssigen Polyethylenglykolen mit einer Molmasse von beispielsweise 200 g/mol bevorzugt sind.In a particular embodiment of the agent used according to the invention, at least one naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate is used together with at least one further additive, which likewise reduces the rain and / or fogging effect. Further additives within the meaning of this particular embodiment are in particular (i) the substantive polymers with hydrophilic groups of WO 96/04358 A1 ( Procter & Gamble ), in particular polycarboxylates such as poly (vinylpyrrolidone-co-acrylic acid), but also poly (styrene sulfonate), cationic Sugar and starch derivatives and block copolymers composed of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, with an average molar mass of 10,000 to 3,000,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 2,500,000 g / mol, in particular 300,000 to 2,000,000 g / mol, most preferably 400,000 to 1,500,000 g / mol, (ii) the amine oxide polymers, in particular poly (4-vinylpyridine-N-oxides), of WO 97/33963 A1 ( Procter & Gamble ) with an average molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000 g / mol, preferably 5,000 up to 20,000 g / mol, in particular 8,000 to 12,000 g / mol, (iii) end-capped polyalkoxylated alcohols of the formula R 1 O [CH 2 CH (CH) 3 O] p [CH 2 CH (R 2 ) O] q R 3 , in R 1 a linear, aliphatic coal Hydrogen radical with 1 to about 22 carbon atoms or a mixture of various such radicals, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 3 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, optionally aryl-substituted, acyclic or cyclic, hydrocarbon radical with 1 to about 78 carbon atoms and optionally one or more hydroxyl groups and / or ether groups -O- or a mixture of different such radicals, p represents a number from 0 to approximately 15 and q represents a number from 0 to approximately 50 and the sum of p and q is at least 1, in particular epoxy-sealed polyalkoxylated alcohols of the above formula, in which R 1 is a linear, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 4 to about 18, preferably from about 4 to about 12, carbon atoms, in particular a butyl, hexyl, octyl or decyl radical or their mixtures, or a mixture of various such radicals, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a A lower alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably a hydrogen atom, R 3 is a group [CH 2 CH (R 4 ) O] r H, in which R 4 is a linear, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with about 2 to about 26, preferably about 4 up to about 18, in particular about 6 to about 14, carbon atoms or a mixture of various such radicals and r is a number from 1 to about 3, preferably 1 to about 2, in particular 1, p is a number from 1 to about 5, preferably 1 to approximately 2, in particular 1, and q represents a number from 1 to approximately 30, preferably approximately 4 to approximately 26, in particular approximately 10 to approximately 24, for example with R 1 = C 8/10 alkyl radical, R 2 = H , R 3 = [CH 2 CH (R 4 ) O] r H with R 4 = C 8 alkyl and r = 1, u = 1 and v = 22, (iv) lignin sulfonates, for example the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal lignosulfonates and the Ammonium lignin sulfonates or mixtures thereof, preferably sodium, magnesium, calcium or ammonium lignin sulfonates and their mixtures n, in particular the sodium ligninsulfonates, and / or ligninsulfonic acid, which may be neutralized in situ with an appropriate base (suitable ligninsulfonates are, for example, under the trade name Zewa® from Ligninchemie, for example the sodium ligninsulfonates Zewa® EF, Zewa® S, Zewa ® S 2 , Zewa® SL and Zewa® SL 2 and the ammonium lignin sulfonate Zewa® DIS TR, under the trade name Totanin® from Nike Baeck Industries GmbH, e.g. the ammonium lignin sulfonate Totanin® AM 5025-T2 and the calcium lignin sulfonate Totanin® CA 2032 , as well as under the trade names Borresperse® (about 25% of the molecules have a molecular weight above 20,000 g / mol), Borrewell®, Borrebond®, Ultrazine®, Ufoxane® ( Ultrazine®, Ufoxane®: about 40% of the molecules have a molecular weight above 20,000 g / mol), Marasperse®, Maracell® and Maratan® from LignoTech USA, Inc. the Borregaard Group, e.g. the calcium ligninsulfonates Borresperse® CA, Borrebond® and Ultrazine® CA, the sodium ligninsulfonates Borresperse® NA, Borresperse® 3A, Ultrazine® NA, Ultrazine® NAS, Ufoxane® 2, Ufoxane® 3A and Ufoxane® RG, the ammonium ligninsulfonate Borresperse® NH as well as the chromium, ferrochrome and iron lignin sulfonates Borresperse® C, FC and FE, available), (v) gum arabic, (vi) polyvinylpyrrolidones and (vii) polyethylene glycols, whereby the polywaxes are solid polyethylene glycols with a molecular weight of approx 500 to over 10,000 g / mol, for example 4,000 g / mol, and waxy consistency, are preferred over the liquid polyethylene glycols with a molecular weight of, for example, 200 g / mol.
Als oberflächenaktive Substanzen eignen sich für die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Mittel Tenside, insbesondere aus den Klassen der anionischen und nichtionischen Tenside. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung enthält das Mittel dementsprechend ein oder mehrere Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensate in Kombination mit einem oder mehreren weiteren anionischen und/oder nichtionischen Tensiden. Vorzugsweise enthalten die Mittel anionische und nichtionische Tenside.Suitable surfactants for the agents used according to the invention are surfactants, especially from the classes of anionic and nonionic surfactants. In a preferred embodiment of the invention contains the agent accordingly or more naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates in combination with one or several other anionic and / or nonionic surfactants. Preferably the agents contain anionic and nonionic surfactants.
Die Menge an anionischem Tensid liegt üblicherweise nicht über 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,01 und 5 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 und 0,5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0,1 und 0,3 Gew.-%. Sofern die Mittel nichtionische Tenside enthalten, liegt deren Konzentration üblicherweise nicht über 3 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,001 und 0,3 Gew.-% sowie insbesondere zwischen 0,001 und 0,1 Gew.-%.The amount of anionic surfactant is usually not more than 10% by weight, preferably between 0.01 and 5% by weight, in particular between 0.01 and 0.5% by weight, particularly preferably between 0.1 and 0.3% by weight. Unless the agent contains nonionic surfactants contain, their concentration is usually not more than 3 wt .-%, preferably between 0.001 and 0.3% by weight and in particular between 0.001 and 0.1% by weight.
Als anionische Tenside eignen sich vorzugsweise C8-C18-Alkylbenzolsulfonate, insbesondere mit etwa 12 C-Atomen im Alkylteil, C8-C20-Alkansulfonate, C8-C18-Monoalkylsulfate, C8-C18-Alkylpolyglykolethersulfate mit 2 bis 6 Ethylenoxideinheiten (EO) im Etherteil sowie Sulfobernsteinsäureester mit 8 bis 18 C-Atomen in den Alkoholresten.Suitable anionic surfactants are preferably C 8 -C 18 alkylbenzenesulfonates, in particular with about 12 C atoms in the alkyl part, C 8 -C 20 alkanesulfonates, C 8 -C 18 monoalkyl sulfates, C 8 -C 18 alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates with 2 to 6 ethylene oxide units (EO) in the ether part and sulfosuccinic acid esters with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alcohol residues.
Die anionischen Tenside werden vorzugsweise als Natriumsalze eingesetzt, können aber auch als andere Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetallsalze, beispielsweise Magnesiumsalze, sowie in Form von Ammonium- oder Aminsalzen enthalten sein.The anionic surfactants are preferably used as sodium salts, but can also as other alkali or alkaline earth metal salts, for example magnesium salts, and be contained in the form of ammonium or amine salts.
Beispiele derartiger Tenside sind Natriumkokosalkylsulfat, Natrium-sec.-Alkansulfonat mit ca. 15 C-Atomen sowie Natriumdioctylsulfosuccinat. Als besonders geeignet haben sich Fettalkylsulfate und Fettalkyl+2EO-ethersulfate mit 12 bis 14 C-Atomen, die vorzugsweise zusammen eingesetzt werden.Examples of such surfactants are sodium cocoalkyl sulfate, sodium sec-alkane sulfonate approx. 15 carbon atoms and sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate. Have proven to be particularly suitable Fatty alkyl sulfates and fatty alkyl + 2EO ether sulfates with 12 to 14 carbon atoms, which are preferred can be used together.
Als nichtionische Tenside sind vor allem C8-C18-Alkoholpolyglykolether, d.h. ethoxylierte Alkohole mit 8 bis 18 C-Atomen im Alkylteil und 2 bis 15 Ethylenoxideinheiten (EO), C8-C18-Carbonsäurepolyglykolester mit 2 bis 15 EO, ethoxylierte Fettsäureamide mit 12 bis 18 C-Atomen im Fettsäureteil und 2 bis 8 EO, langkettige Aminoxide mit 14 bis 20 C-Atomen und langkettige Alkylpolyglycoside mit 8 bis 14 C-Atomen im Alkylteil und 1 bis 3 Glycosideinheiten zu erwähnen. Beispiele derartiger Tenside sind Oleyl-Cetyl-Alkohol mit 5 EO, Nonylphenol mit 10 EO, Laurinsäurediethanolamid, Kokosalkyldimethylaminoxid und Kokosalkylpolyglucosid mit im Mittel 1,4 Glucoseeinheiten.As nonionic surfactants, especially C 8 -C 18 alcohol polyglycol ethers, ie ethoxylated alcohols with 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl part and 2 to 15 ethylene oxide units (EO), C 8 -C 18 carboxylic acid polyglycol esters with 2 to 15 EO, ethoxylated fatty acid amides with 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid part and 2 to 8 EO, long-chain amine oxides with 14 to 20 carbon atoms and long-chain alkyl polyglycosides with 8 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 1 to 3 glycoside units. Examples of such surfactants are oleyl-cetyl alcohol with 5 EO, nonylphenol with 10 EO, lauric acid diethanolamide, coconut alkyl dimethylamine oxide and coconut alkyl polyglucoside with an average of 1.4 glucose units.
Bevorzugt werden als nichtionische Tenside die Additionsprodukte aus Ethylenoxid und Fettalkoholen mit insbesondere 2 bis 8 Ethylenoxideinheiten, Fettsäurepolyglykolester (FSE) mit insbesondere 2 bis 10 EO, beispielsweise Talgfettsäure+6-EO-ester, die Alkylpolyglycoside und von diesen wiederum die Vertreter mit 8 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylteil und bis zu 2 Glucoseeinheiten. Besonders bevorzugt werden Fettalkoholpolyglykolether mit insbesondere 2 bis 8 EO, beispielsweise C12-14-Fettlkohol+4-EO-ether.Preferred nonionic surfactants are the addition products of ethylene oxide and fatty alcohols with in particular 2 to 8 ethylene oxide units, fatty acid polyglycol esters (FSE) with in particular 2 to 10 EO, for example tallow fatty acid + 6-EO ester, the alkyl polyglycosides and, in turn, the representatives with 8 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl part and up to 2 glucose units. Fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers with in particular 2 to 8 EO, for example C 12-14 fatty alcohol + 4-EO ether, are particularly preferred.
Besonders bevorzugt sind Mittel, welche anionisches und nichtionisches Tensid enthalten, insbesondere Kombinationen von Fettalkylsulfaten und/oder Fettalkoholpolyglykolethersulfaten mit Fettalkoholpolyglykolethern.Agents which contain anionic and nonionic surfactant are particularly preferred, in particular combinations of fatty alkyl sulfates and / or fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates with fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers.
Weiterhin können die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Reinigungsmittel wasserlösliche organische Lösungsmittel, beispielsweise niedere Alkohole und/oder Etheralkohole, vorzugsweise aber Gemische verschiedener Alkohole und/oder Etheralkohole, enthalten. Die Menge an organischem Lösungsmittel beträgt üblicherweise nicht mehr als 50 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 30 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,5 bis 15 Gew.-%, äußerst bevorzugt 1 bis 10 Gew.-%.Furthermore, the cleaning agents used according to the invention can be water-soluble organic Solvents, for example lower alcohols and / or ether alcohols, preferably but mixtures of different alcohols and / or ether alcohols. The amount of organic solvent is usually not more than 50% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 15% by weight, most preferably 1 to 10% by weight.
Als Alkohole werden insbesondere Ethanol, Isopropanol und n-Propanol eingesetzt. Als Etheralkohole kommen hinreichend wasserlösliche Verbindungen mit bis zu 10 C-Atomen im Molekül in Betracht. Beispiele derartiger Etheralkohole sind Ethylenglykolmonobutylether, Propylenglykolmonobutylether, Diethylenglykolmonobutylether, Propylenglykolmonotertiärbutylether und Propylenglykolmonoethylether, von denen wiederum Ethylenglykolmonobutylether und Propylenglykolmonobutylether bevorzugt werden. In particular, ethanol, isopropanol and n-propanol are used as alcohols. As Ether alcohols are sufficiently water-soluble compounds with up to 10 C atoms in the molecule. Examples of such ether alcohols are ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, Propylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monotertiary butyl ether and propylene glycol monoethyl ether, of which in turn Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and propylene glycol monobutyl ether are preferred.
Werden Alkohol und Etheralkohol nebeneinander eingesetzt, so liegt das Gewichtsverhältnis beider vorzugsweise zwischen 1 : 2 und 4 : 1. Werden dagegen Gemische zweier verschiedener Etheralkohole, insbesondere Ethylenglykolmonobutylether und Propylenglykolmonobutylether, eingesetzt, so liegt das Gewichtsverhältnis beider vorzugsweise zwischen 1 : 6 und 6 : 1, insbesondere zwischen 1 : 5 und 5 : 1, beispielsweise bei 4 : 1, wobei vorzugsweise der Anteil des Etheralkohols mit weniger C-Atomen der höhere von beiden ist.If alcohol and ether alcohol are used side by side, the weight ratio is both preferably between 1: 2 and 4: 1. In contrast, mixtures of two various ether alcohols, especially ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and propylene glycol monobutyl ether, used, the weight ratio of the two is preferably between 1: 6 and 6: 1, in particular between 1: 5 and 5: 1, for example at 4: 1, the proportion of ether alcohol with fewer carbon atoms preferably being the higher of both is.
Weiterhin können die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Mittel flüchtiges Alkali enthalten. Als solches werden Ammoniak und/oder Alkanolamine, die bis zu 9 C-Atome im Molekül enthalten können, verwendet. Als Alkanolamine werden die Ethanolamine bevorzugt und von diesen wiederum das Monoethanolamin. Der Gehalt an Ammoniak und/oder Alkanolamin beträgt vorzugsweise 0,01 bis 3 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,02 bis 1 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,05 bis 0,5 Gew.-%.The agents used according to the invention can furthermore contain volatile alkali. As such are ammonia and / or alkanolamines containing up to 9 carbon atoms in the molecule can, used. As alkanolamines, the ethanolamines are preferred and by them again the monoethanolamine. The ammonia and / or alkanolamine content is preferably 0.01 to 3% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 1% by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by weight.
Neben dem flüchtigen Alkali können die erfindungsgemäßen Mittel zusätzlich Carbonsäure enthalten, wobei das Äquivalentverhältnis von Amin und/oder Ammoniak zu Carbonsäure vorzugsweise zwischen 1 : 0,9 und 1 : 0,1 liegt. Geeignet sind Carbonsäuren mit bis zu 6 C-Atomen, wobei es sich um Mono-, Di- oder Polycarbonsäuren handeln kann. Je nach Äquivalentgewicht von Amin und Carbonsäure liegt der Gehalt an Carbonsäure vorzugweise zwischen 0,01 und 2,7 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 und 0,9 Gew.-%. Beispiele geeigneter Carbonsäuren sind Essigsäure, Glykolsäure, Milchsäure, Zitronensäure, Bernsteinsäure und Adipinsäure, von denen vorzugsweise Essigsäure, Zitronensäure und Milchsäure verwendet werden. Besonders bevorzugt wird Essigsäure eingesetzt.In addition to the volatile alkali, the agents according to the invention can additionally contain carboxylic acid contain, the equivalent ratio of amine and / or ammonia to carboxylic acid is preferably between 1: 0.9 and 1: 0.1. Carboxylic acids are suitable With up to 6 carbon atoms, which can be mono-, di- or polycarboxylic acids. Depending on the equivalent weight of amine and carboxylic acid, the content of carboxylic acid is preferably between 0.01 and 2.7% by weight, in particular between 0.01 and 0.9% by weight. Examples of suitable carboxylic acids are acetic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, Citric acid, succinic acid and adipic acid, of which preferably acetic acid, Citric acid and lactic acid can be used. Is particularly preferred Acetic acid used.
Das verwendete Mittel weist vorzugsweise eine Viskosität nach Brookfield (Modell DV-II+, Spindel 31, Drehfrequenz 20 min-1, 20 °C) von 0,1 bis 200 mPa·s, insbesondere 0,5 bis 100 mPa·s, äußerst bevorzugt 1 bis 60 mPa·s, auf. Zu diesem Zweck kann das MittelViskositätsregulatoren enthalten. Die Menge an Viskositätsregulator beträgt üblicherweise bis zu 0,5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,001 bis 0,3 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,01 bis 0,2 Gew.-%, äußerst bevorzugt 0,05 bis 0,15 Gew.-%. Geeignete Viskositätsregulatoren sind unter anderem synthetische Polymere wie die Homo- und/oder Copolymere der Acrylsäure bzw. ihrer Derivate, beispielsweise die unter dem Handelsnamen Carbopol® erhältlichen Produkte der Firma Goodrich, insbesondere das vernetzte Acrylsäurecopolymer Carbopol-ETD-2623®. In der internationalen Anmeldung WO 97/38076 ist eine Reihe weiterer von der Acrylsäure abgeleiteter Polymere aufgeführt, die ebenfalls geeignete Viskositätsregulatoren darstellen.The agent used preferably has a Brookfield viscosity (model DV-II +, spindle 31, rotational frequency 20 min -1 , 20 ° C.) of 0.1 to 200 mPa · s, in particular 0.5 to 100 mPa · s, extremely preferred 1 to 60 mPa · s. For this purpose the agent can contain viscosity regulators. The amount of viscosity regulator is usually up to 0.5% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.3% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, most preferably 0.05 to 0.15% by weight .-%. Suitable viscosity regulators include synthetic polymers such as the homo- and / or copolymers of acrylic acid or their derivatives, for example the products from Goodrich available under the trade name Carbopol® , in particular the crosslinked acrylic acid copolymer Carbopol-ETD-2623®. International application WO 97/38076 lists a number of other polymers derived from acrylic acid, which are also suitable viscosity regulators.
Neben den genannten Komponenten können die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Mittel weitere Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffe enthalten, wie sie in derartigen Mitteln üblich sind. Dazu zählen insbesondere Farbstoffe, Parfümöle, pH-Regulatoren (z.B. Citronensäure, Alkanolamine oder NaOH), Konservierungsmittel, Komplexbildner für Erdatkaliionen, Enzyme, Bleichsysteme und Antistatikstoffe. Die Menge an derartigen Zusätzen liegt üblicherweise nicht über 2 Gew.-% im Reinigungsmittel. Die Untergrenze des Einsatzes hängt von der Art des Zusatzstoffes ab und kann beispielsweise bei Farbstoffen bis zu 0,001 Gew.-% und darunter betragen. Vorzugsweise liegt die Menge an Hilfsstoffen zwischen 0,01 und 1 Gew.-%.In addition to the components mentioned, the agents used according to the invention can contain further auxiliaries. and contain additives as are customary in such agents. These include in particular Dyes, perfume oils, pH regulators (e.g. citric acid, alkanolamines or NaOH), preservatives, complexing agents for alkaline earth ions, enzymes, bleaching systems and antistatic substances. The amount of such additives is usually not over 2% by weight in the detergent. The lower limit of the bet depends on the type of Additive from and can, for example, with dyes up to 0.001 wt .-% and below be. The amount of auxiliary substances is preferably between 0.01 and 1% by weight.
Der pH-Wert der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Mittel kann über einen weiten Bereich variiert werden, bevorzugt ist jedoch ein Bereich von 2,5 bis 12, insbesondere 6 bis 11 und äußerst bevorzugt 7 bis 10,5, beispielsweise etwa 7,5 oder etwa 10.The pH of the agents used according to the invention can be varied over a wide range, however, a range from 2.5 to 12, in particular 6 to 11 and extreme is preferred preferably 7 to 10.5, for example about 7.5 or about 10.
Das erfindungsgemäß verwendete Mittel ist sprühbar und kann daher in einem Sprühspender eingesetzt werden.The agent used according to the invention is sprayable and can therefore be used in a spray dispenser become.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist demgemäß die Verwendung eines Erzeugnis, enthaltend ein Mittel und einen Sprühspender.Another object of the invention is accordingly the use of a product containing a Agent and a spray dispenser.
Bevorzugt ist der Sprühspender ein manuell aktivierter Sprühspender, insbesondere ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, umfassend Aerosolsprühspender, selbst Druck aufbauende Sprühspender, Pumpsprühspender und Triggersprühspender, insbesondere Pumpsprühspender und Triggersprühspender mit einem Behälter aus transparentem Polyethylen oder Polyethylenterephthalat. Sprühspender werden ausführlicher in der WO 96/04940 (Procter & Gamble) und den darin zu Sprühspendern zitierten US-Patenten.The spray dispenser is preferably a manually activated spray dispenser, in particular selected from the group comprising aerosol spray dispensers, self-building spray dispensers, pump spray dispensers and trigger spray dispensers, in particular pump spray dispensers and trigger spray dispensers with a container made of transparent polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate. Spray dispensers are described in more detail in WO 96/04940 ( Procter & Gamble ) and the US patents cited therein as spray dispensers.
Die Anwendung der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Mittel geschieht beispielsweise in der Weise, daß man das Mittel in Mengen von etwa 1,5 bis 10 g pro m2, insbesondere 3 bis 7 g pro m2, auf die zu reinigende Fläche aufträgt und unmittelbar im Anschluß daran diese Fläche mit einem saugfähigen weichen Gegenstand wischt und sie dadurch reinigt und/oder desinfiziert bzw. sanitiert. Der Auftrag der Mittel erfolgt vorzugsweise mit Hilfe geeigneter Sprühgeräte, insbesondere eines Sprühspenders bzw. eines erfindungsgemäßen Erzeugnisses, um eine möglichst gleichmäßige Verteilung zu erreichen. Zum Wischen eignen sich insbesondere Schwämme oder Tücher, die bei Behandlung größerer Flächen von Zeit zu Zeit mit Wasser ausgespült werden können.The agents used according to the invention are used, for example, by applying the agent in amounts of about 1.5 to 10 g per m 2 , in particular 3 to 7 g per m 2 , to the surface to be cleaned and immediately thereafter wipe this surface with an absorbent soft object, thereby cleaning and / or disinfecting or sanitizing. The agents are preferably applied with the aid of suitable spraying devices, in particular a spray dispenser or a product according to the invention, in order to achieve the most uniform possible distribution. Sponges or cloths, which can be rinsed out with water from time to time when treating larger areas, are particularly suitable for wiping.
Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Mittel werden vorzugsweise anwendungsfertig formuliert. Eine Formulierung als vor der Anwendung entsprechend zu verdünnendes Konzentrat ist im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre ebenfalls möglich, wobei die Inhaltsstoffe dann im oberen Bereich der jeweils angegebenen Mengenbereiche enthalten sind.The agents used according to the invention are preferably formulated ready for use. A Formulation as a concentrate to be diluted before use is in Within the framework of the teaching according to the invention, the ingredients are then also possible are contained in the upper range of the specified quantity ranges.
Die Mittel können durch Aufmischen unmittelbar aus ihren Rohstoffen, anschließendes Durchmischen und abschließendes Stehen des Mittels bis zur Blasenfreiheit hergestellt werden. The agents can be mixed directly from their raw materials, then mixing and finally standing the agent until there are no bubbles getting produced.
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Mittel E1 bis E3 und das Vergleichsmittel V0 wurden durch einfaches
Zusammenrühren der Komponenten gemäß Tabelle 1 hergestellt. E1 bis E3 enthielten
erfindungsgemäß das Naphthalinsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensat Lomar® LS
in unterschiedlichen Mengen, während V0 kein Additiv aufwies. Sämtliche Mittel hatten
einen pH-Wert von 7,5 und waren klar sowie farblos.
Zunächst wurden auf einem Spiegel der Größe 30 cm × 60 cm je 2 ml des jeweiligen Mittels mit einem gefalteten Vlies der Gesamtgröße 20 cm × 20 cm (Chicopee, Duralace 60) verteilt und praxisgerecht auspoliert. Nach 30 min erfolgte jeweils eine zweite identische Behandlung. Weitere 30 min später wurden jeweils derAnitbeschlag- und Antiregeneffekt wie folgt geprüft.First, 2 ml of the respective agent were spread on a mirror measuring 30 cm × 60 cm with a folded non- woven fabric of total size 20 cm × 20 cm ( Chicopee, Duralace 60 ) and polished out in a practical manner. A second identical treatment was carried out after 30 minutes. Another 30 minutes later, the anti-fogging and anti-rain effects were tested as follows.
Antibeschlageffekt. Der behandelte Spiegel wurde für 5 sec über eine Schale (28 cm × 50 cm × 4 cm) mit 1,5 l kochendem Wasser gehalten und unmittelbar danach bewertet, ob und ggf. wie stark der Spiegel beschlagen war. Anti-fog effect. The treated mirror was held for 5 seconds over a dish (28 cm × 50 cm × 4 cm) with 1.5 l of boiling water and immediately afterwards evaluated whether and how much the mirror was fogged up.
Antiregeneffekt. Mittels einer Pumpsprühflasche wurden innerhalb von etwa 4 sec ca. 10 g Testregen, hergestellt aus Leitungswasser und 8 g/l wfk-Teppichpigmentschmutz (55 Gew.-% Kaolin, 43 Gew.-% Quarz, 1,5 Gew.-% Flammruß 101, 0,5 Gew.-% Eisenoxid schwarz; wfk-Code wfk-09 W) der wfk-Testgewebe GmbH (http://www.wfk.de), gleichmäßig auf die vorbehandelte Spiegelfläche aufgesprüht. Bewertet wurde unmittelbar im Anschluß daran Benetzung sowie Tropfenbildung und nach dem Trocknen Schmutzverteilung sowie Fleckenbildung. Anti-rain effect. About 10 g of test rain, produced from tap water and 8 g / l of wfk carpet pigment dirt (55% by weight of kaolin, 43% by weight of quartz, 1.5% by weight of soot 101) were removed using a pump spray bottle in about 4 seconds , 0.5% by weight iron oxide black; wfk code wfk -09 W) from wfk-Testgewebe GmbH (http://www.wfk.de), evenly sprayed onto the pretreated mirror surface. Immediately afterwards, wetting and droplet formation were assessed and, after drying, dirt distribution and stain formation.
Die Bewertung erfoigte jeweiis visuell durch ein Panel von fünf Personen, indem jede
Person jeweils den vier Mitteln die Position 1 bis 4 in der Reihenfolge abnehmenden Effektes
zuordnete. Der jeweilige Mittelwert ist zusammen mit einer Beurteilung in Tabelle 2
als Note angegeben. Je geringer die Note ist, desto besser war der jeweilige Effekt.
Die Mittel E1 bis E3 zeigen im Gegensatz zu V0 erfindungsgemäß sowohl einen Antiregeneffekt als auch einen Antibeschlageffekt. In contrast to V0, agents E1 to E3 show both an anti-rain effect and an anti-fog effect according to the invention.
Analog den erfindungsgemäßen Mittel E1 bis E3 wurden weiterhin die Vergleichsmittel
V1 bis V3 mit dem als Antiregenadditiv bekannten Polymer Poly(natrium-p-styrolsulfonat)
gemäß Tabelle 3 auf Basis von V0 als Rahmenrezeptur hergestellt. Auch diese Mittel
hatten einen pH-Wert von 7,5 und waren klar sowie farblos.
Wie zuvor beschrieben wurden auch die Mittel V1 bis V3 auf einen Antibeschlageffekt hin geprüft.As described above, agents V1 to V3 were also checked for an anti-fog effect.
Im Gegensatz zu den erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln E1 bis E3 zeigten die Mittel V1 bis V3 jedoch keinen Antibeschlageffekt.In contrast to the agents E1 to E3 according to the invention, the agents V1 to V3 did not show any anti-fog effect.
Claims (11)
- Use of a surfactant-containing cleaning composition for hard surfaces containing one or more naphthalenesulphonic acid-formaldehyde condensates for reducing the rain effect and/or the misting effect.
- Use according to Claim 1, characterized in that the composition comprises one or more naphthalenesulphonic acid-formaldehyde condensates in combination with one or more further anionic and/or nonionic surfactants.
- Use according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the composition comprises one or more naphthalenesulphonic acid-formaldehyde condensates in an amount of from 0.001 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.05 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 2.5% by weight, most preferably 0.2 to 2.0% by weight.
- Use according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the composition comprises one or more further anionic surfactants, preferably fatty alkyl sulphates or fatty alcohol ether sulphates, in particular fatty alkyl sulphates and fatty alcohol ether sulphates.
- Use according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the composition comprises one or more further nonionic surfactants, in particular fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers.
- Use according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the composition comprises one or more further anionic and nonionic surfactants, preferably fatty alkyl sulphates or fatty alcohol ether sulphates together with fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, in particular fatty alkyl sulphates and fatty alcohol ether sulphates together with fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers.
- Use according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the composition comprises watersoluble organic solvents, for example lower alcohols and/or ether alcohols, but preferably mixtures of different alcohols and/or ether alcohols.
- Use according to Claim 7, characterized in that the composition comprises mixtures of two different ether alcohols, in particular ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and propylene glycol monobutyl ether.
- Use according to Claim 8, characterized in that, in the composition, the weight ratio of the two ether alcohols is between 1:6 and 6:1, in particular between 1:5 and 5:1, where the content of the ether alcohol with fewer carbon atoms is preferably the higher of the two.
- Use according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the composition comprises at least one further additive which likewise brings about a reduction in the rain effect and/or misting effect.
- Use according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the composition is used as an article together with a spray dispenser.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19859640A DE19859640A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 1998-12-23 | Detergent for hard surfaces |
DE19859640 | 1998-12-23 | ||
PCT/EP1999/009893 WO2000039262A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 1999-12-14 | Cleaning agent for hard surfaces |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1141198A1 EP1141198A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 |
EP1141198B1 true EP1141198B1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
Family
ID=7892372
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99966963A Expired - Lifetime EP1141198B1 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 1999-12-14 | Use of cleaning agents for hard surfaces |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US6187731B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1141198B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002533563A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE276342T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19859640A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUP0104707A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000039262A1 (en) |
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CN101407750B (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2011-03-23 | 宝洁公司 | Novel oligomeric hydrophobic dispersants |
US20040194800A1 (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-10-07 | Jeanne Chang | Use of sulfonated polystyrene polymers in hard surface cleaners to provide easier cleaning benefit |
JP3777465B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2006-05-24 | 小林製薬株式会社 | Antifouling cleaning method |
JP4868810B2 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2012-02-01 | 小林製薬株式会社 | Antifouling agent for hard surfaces cleaned by water washing |
US9546346B2 (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2017-01-17 | The Dial Corporation | Use of polyethylene glycol to control the spray pattern of sprayable liquid abrasive cleansers |
US20120258903A1 (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2012-10-11 | The Dial Corporation | Sprayable liquid abrasive cleanser with polyethylene glycol |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3882038A (en) | 1968-06-07 | 1975-05-06 | Union Carbide Corp | Cleaner compositions |
US3696043A (en) | 1970-10-21 | 1972-10-03 | Dow Chemical Co | Cleaning composition for glass and reflective surfaces |
US3839234A (en) | 1973-01-26 | 1974-10-01 | C Roscoe | Multi-purpose cleaning concentrate |
US3969258A (en) * | 1974-10-10 | 1976-07-13 | Pennwalt Corporation | Low foaming acid-anionic surfactant sanitizer compositions |
US4364927A (en) * | 1980-07-25 | 1982-12-21 | Johnson & Johnson Products, Inc. | Sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensation polymers as dental plaque barriers |
US4943392A (en) | 1988-06-03 | 1990-07-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Containing butoxy-propanol with low secondary isomer content |
GB8824110D0 (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1988-11-23 | Unilever Plc | Liquid cleaning products |
GB8909157D0 (en) | 1989-04-21 | 1989-06-07 | Procter & Gamble | Hard-surface cleaning compositions |
US5372741A (en) * | 1991-11-27 | 1994-12-13 | Ethone-Omi, Inc. | Aqueous degreasing composition and process |
WO1994012606A1 (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1994-06-09 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Iminodiacetic acid derivates used in cleaning compositions for the beverage and food industry, and for hard metallic, plastic, lacquered or glass surfaces |
US5534198A (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1996-07-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Glass cleaner compositions having good filming/streaking characteristics and substantive modifier to provide long lasting hydrophilicity |
EP0774980A1 (en) | 1994-08-12 | 1997-05-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Composition for reducing malodor impression on inanimate surfaces |
US5726139A (en) | 1996-03-14 | 1998-03-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Glass cleaner compositions having good filming/streaking characteristics containing amine oxide polymers functionality |
US5798324A (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1998-08-25 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Glass cleaner with adjustable rheology |
-
1998
- 1998-12-23 DE DE19859640A patent/DE19859640A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-12-14 WO PCT/EP1999/009893 patent/WO2000039262A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-14 DE DE59910539T patent/DE59910539D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-14 HU HU0104707A patent/HUP0104707A3/en unknown
- 1999-12-14 EP EP99966963A patent/EP1141198B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-14 AT AT99966963T patent/ATE276342T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-14 JP JP2000591157A patent/JP2002533563A/en active Pending
- 1999-12-22 US US09/470,517 patent/US6187731B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002533563A (en) | 2002-10-08 |
DE19859640A1 (en) | 2000-06-29 |
US6187731B1 (en) | 2001-02-13 |
HUP0104707A3 (en) | 2002-12-28 |
HUP0104707A2 (en) | 2002-04-29 |
ATE276342T1 (en) | 2004-10-15 |
WO2000039262A1 (en) | 2000-07-06 |
EP1141198A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 |
DE59910539D1 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
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