EP1138788B1 - Leather and its treatment - Google Patents

Leather and its treatment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1138788B1
EP1138788B1 EP01107634A EP01107634A EP1138788B1 EP 1138788 B1 EP1138788 B1 EP 1138788B1 EP 01107634 A EP01107634 A EP 01107634A EP 01107634 A EP01107634 A EP 01107634A EP 1138788 B1 EP1138788 B1 EP 1138788B1
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Prior art keywords
leather
reactor
matrix material
plasma
refining method
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EP01107634A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1138788A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Ing. Schmitz
Gottfried Ing. Holzer
Wolfgang Di Vogl
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Lederfabrik Vogl GmbH
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Lederfabrik Vogl GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/62—Plasma-deposition of organic layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/12—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to leather
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C11/00—Surface finishing of leather

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a novel leather and a Dressing process to obtain special property profiles.
  • the proteins and collagen of the skins become durable Connections converted without typical properties of leather such as Toughness, elasticity, breathability and others are affected.
  • the leather obtained after tanning can also be treated be subjected to the leather surfaces against chemical and To largely protect mechanical influences, an even color and gloss Spread over the entire leather surface and special visual as well as handy To obtain properties of the leather.
  • the dressing consists of an increase in the value in use of the leather.
  • These finishing measures are currently in the wet process carried out by spraying suitable materials, which has the disadvantage that the leather is then subjected to a drying process again got to.
  • the prior art regarding the known types of dressing for leather are the books “Dressing and Testing of Leather” Vol. 3 Part 1 by W. Grassmann (Springer Verlag, Vienna 1998) and “Library of Leather” by Hans Herfeld (Umschau Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1989).
  • the surface of the leather and that Collagen scaffold is covered with a functional protective layer, covering the pores stay unclogged.
  • the surface of the leather consists of a layer of protein fibers, while underneath is the collagen structure consisting of collagen fibers is located, whose webs run irregularly crisscross collagen fibers form.
  • the framework is connected across the width of the leather.
  • the leather according to the invention is characterized in that the surface located protein fibers individually from a protective layer z. B. made of silicone or Polyurethane are sheathed without the fibers sticking to the breathability with special needs. The same applies to the fibers of the collagen structure without the Pores are glued.
  • This dressing is carried out according to the invention in plasma technology at atmospheric pressure.
  • suitable materials such as. B. silicone and / or polyurethane, with which a change and new acquisition of properties of the tanned leather is made in the invention without a noticeable increase in volume of the treated leather takes place because of the strength of the Sheathing is in the nanometer range.
  • suitable materials such as. B. silicone and / or polyurethane
  • the leather is treated with plasma technology to achieve the implantation and coating. It has surprisingly been shown that when the tanned leather is treated as a substrate with gas ionized by discharge under atmospheric pressure, the matrix particles are deposited on the surface of the leather, that is to say the individual protein fibers, and the leather is collared or implanted.
  • the matrix particles preferably consist of silicone or polyurethane.
  • functional layers include: B. SiO 2 , TiO 2 , PU, silicone and indium doped with TiO (known in the art as ITO) as UV protection.
  • the art of the type of finishing according to the invention is that wafer-thin layers are applied to and / or into the leather without impairing the appearance and natural properties such as suppleness and breathability.
  • the collagen structure is like a random fiber fleece. In contrast to textile fiber fleece, the fibrous structure is a coherent fiber structure.
  • Each scaffold fiber is sheathed. The particles can also be implanted. The scaffold remains open and is not sealed.
  • the dressing according to the invention has the advantage that it takes place dry, instead of the known wet treatment, followed by drying, and wherein more importantly, a coating of the surface and a The collagen structure is sheathed without the natural properties of the Leather substrates such as suppleness and breathability are impaired, as is the case with the known dressing methods.
  • the leather is trimmed according to the invention with a dry plasma treatment become.
  • This type of treatment has the advantage that not only of the matrix the leather surface, but also the underlying collagen structure is recorded. This dressing process is also very energy efficient. No water is used and polluted.
  • the Matrix particles have high kinetic energy and turbulent movements in run in different directions.
  • the pulses can have the same polarity.
  • the atmospheric plasma is particularly characterized in that the treatment takes place under atmospheric pressure and the gas discharge current through the Use of multiple plasma torches from so-called guns is generated.
  • the matrix material is in the form of a powder or in liquid form introduced the gas stream.
  • the matrix material is atomized by the plasma flow worn and applied to the substrate with great energy.
  • Both known methods of atmospheric plasma is with gaseous (monomers) and liquid matrix materials.
  • Powdery matrix material can also adhere firmly to the fibers and scaffold to be brought.
  • the leather skin consists of a more or less dense network of collagen fibers, that should be as uniform as possible and what also with one good leather is the case.
  • the collagen network is made by the plasma treatments coated with the matrix particles and even partially penetrated without chemical properties of the leather are changed and especially breathability preserved. With the application of this treatment, a refined Product that has never existed in this quality.
  • the leather according to the invention is against UV radiation as well resistant to the evaporation of fats without suffering from suppleness, because the fats remain inside the leather. This will stop using the so treated leather even at high temperatures, for example in summer in Inside of a motor vehicle possible, since drying out is avoided.
  • the coating increases the abrasion resistance and makes cleaning easier.
  • the leather according to the invention is more universal usable and can often replace artificial leather, so that the environment less with the emissions of carbon dioxide that arise during the production of synthetic leather is burdened, because artificial leather is a petroleum derivative, in its manufacture and disposal carbon dioxide is generated. Natural leather is in contrast to Artificial leather is a renewable raw material that is carbon dioxide neutral.
  • the pre-programming of different substrate properties through the choice suitable reaction gases and matrix materials also enable an anti-fungicide and antibacterial treatment of the leather according to the invention so that it can also find its way into medical technology. It is also within the Possibilities of cleaning the leather substrate before starting the finishing process undergo activation, d. H. the substrate for the or Dressing is made more receptive.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Tanned leather with a protective finish that covers the protein fiber surface and underlying collagen fiber network while leaving the pores open. An Independent claim is also included for a finishing process for tanned leather, comprising subjecting the leather to a plasma treatment in which an atomized matrix material carried by the plasma jet is projected onto and into the leather at high energy in a reactor at atmospheric pressure.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein neuartig zugerichtetes Leder sowie auf ein Verfahren zur Zurichtung, um spezielle Eigenschaftsprofile zu erhalten.The invention relates to a novel leather and a Dressing process to obtain special property profiles.

Bei der Gerbung werden die Proteine und das Kollagen der Häute in haltbare Verbindungen umgewandelt, ohne daß typische Eigenschaften des Leders wie Zähigkeit, Elastizität, Atmungsaktivität und andere mehr beeinträchtigt werden. Das nach der Gerbung erhaltene Leder kann noch einer sogenannten Zurichtung unterworfen werden, die darin besteht, die Lederoberflächen gegen chemische und mechanische Einflüsse weitgehend zu schützen, eine gleichmäßige Farbe und Glanz über die ganze Lederfläche zu verbreiten sowie besondere optische wie auch griffliche Eigenschafen des Leders zu erlangen.When tanning, the proteins and collagen of the skins become durable Connections converted without typical properties of leather such as Toughness, elasticity, breathability and others are affected. The leather obtained after tanning can also be treated be subjected to the leather surfaces against chemical and To largely protect mechanical influences, an even color and gloss Spread over the entire leather surface and special visual as well as handy To obtain properties of the leather.

Es sind auch Verfahren zur Aktivierung von festem Material bekannt geworden, die eine nachfolgende Zurichtung erleichtern. Ein solches Verfahren ist in der Offenlegungsschrift DE 4116872 A1 beschrieben. Dabei wird das Material in eine Kammer gegeben, die anschließend unter Unterdruck gesetzt und mit gasförmigen oder flüssigen Stoffen in Kontakt gebracht wird. Dieses Behandlungsverfahren hat den Nachteil, dass die Aktivierung unter Einfluß von Sauerstoff reversibel ist, so dass nach dem Aktivieren eine weitere Veredlung erfolgen muß.Methods for activating solid material have also become known facilitate subsequent dressing. Such a procedure is in the published patent application DE 4116872 A1. The material is placed in a chamber given, which is then placed under vacuum and with gaseous or liquid substances is brought into contact. This treatment method has the Disadvantage that the activation is reversible under the influence of oxygen, so that a further refinement must be carried out after activation.

Allgemein gesprochen besteht die Zurichtung in einer Steigerung des Gebrauchswertes des Leders. Diese veredelnden Maßnahmen werden derzeit im Nassverfahren durch Aufsprühen geeigneter Materialien durchgeführt, was den Nachteil hat, dass das Leder anschließend wieder einem Trocknungsprozess unterworden werden muß. Der Stand der Technik betreffend die bekannten Zurichtungsarten für Leder sind den Büchern "Zurichtung und Prüfung des Leders" Bd. 3 Teil 1 von W. Grassmann (Springer Verlag, Wien 1998) und "Bibliothek des Leders" von Hans Herfeld (Umschau Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1989) zu entnehmen.Generally speaking, the dressing consists of an increase in the value in use of the leather. These finishing measures are currently in the wet process carried out by spraying suitable materials, which has the disadvantage that the leather is then subjected to a drying process again got to. The prior art regarding the known types of dressing for leather are the books "Dressing and Testing of Leather" Vol. 3 Part 1 by W. Grassmann (Springer Verlag, Vienna 1998) and "Library of Leather" by Hans Herfeld (Umschau Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1989).

Die bekannten Maßnahmen bewirken zwar eine Verbesserung der Lederqualität, mindern aber dessen Atmungsaktivität, die gerade als Vorteil des Einsatzes von Leder betrachtet wird. Darüber hinaus wird die bisherige Zurichtung des Leders nicht allen gestellten Forderungen gerecht. Zu nennen ist dabei außer der fehlenden Atmungsaktivität unter anderen noch die Forderung nach einer besseren UV-Beständigkeit oder einer Verhinderung bzw. Verminderung des Ausdünsten von Fetten, dem sogenannten Foggingeffekt. Bisher wurde versucht diesen Effekt zu vermeiden, indem flüchtige Weichmacher durch weniger flüchtige ersetzt wurden. Infolge der Diffusion des Fettgehaltes des Leders bei großer Wärme wird dieses spröde, was eine längere Haltbarkeit ohne eine besonders intensive Pflege unterbindet. Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe besteht darin, ein Leder vorzuschlagen, das die vorgenannten Nachteile ausschließt, einfach in der Herstellung ist sowie die Einsatzgebiete und die Standzeit des Leders erhöht.Although the known measures improve the leather quality, but reduce its breathability, which is precisely the advantage of using Leather is considered. In addition, the previous finishing of the leather not meet all demands. In addition to the lack of breathability among other things, the demand for a better one UV resistance or a prevention or reduction of the evaporation of Fat, the so-called fogging effect. So far, this effect has been tried avoid by volatile Plasticizers have been replaced by less volatile. As a result of the diffusion of the fat content The leather at high heat becomes brittle, which means a longer durability prevented without particularly intensive care. The basis of the invention The task is to propose a leather that has the aforementioned disadvantages excludes, is easy to manufacture and the areas of application and the Service life of the leather increased.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst. Die Oberfläche des Leders und das Kollagengerüst ist mit einer funktionellen Schutzschicht überzogen, wobei die Poren unverstopft bleiben. Die Oberfläche des Leders besteht aus einer Schicht von Proteinfasern, während sich darunter das aus Kollagenfasern bestehende Kollagengerüst befindet, dessen Stege unregelmäßig kreuz und quer verlaufend Kollagenfasern bilden. Dabei ist das Gerüst über die Breite des Leders zusammenhängend. Das Leder gemäß der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die an der Oberfläche befindlichen Proteinfasern einzeln von einer Schutzschicht z. B. aus Silicon oder Polyurethan ummantelt sind, ohne daß eine Verklebung der Fasern die Atmungsaktivität behindert. Gleiches gilt für die Fasern des Kollagengerüstes, ohne daß die Poren verklebt werden. Diese Zurichtung erfolgt gemäß der Erfindung plasmatechnisch bei Atmosphärendruck.This object is achieved by the in the characterizing part of Features mentioned claim solved. The surface of the leather and that Collagen scaffold is covered with a functional protective layer, covering the pores stay unclogged. The surface of the leather consists of a layer of protein fibers, while underneath is the collagen structure consisting of collagen fibers is located, whose webs run irregularly crisscross collagen fibers form. The framework is connected across the width of the leather. The Leather according to the invention is characterized in that the surface located protein fibers individually from a protective layer z. B. made of silicone or Polyurethane are sheathed without the fibers sticking to the breathability with special needs. The same applies to the fibers of the collagen structure without the Pores are glued. This dressing is carried out according to the invention in plasma technology at atmospheric pressure.

Es liegt also eine Implantation von geeigneten Materialien, wie z. B. Silicon und/oder Polyurethan vor, mit der eine Änderung und Neuerwerb von Eigenschaften des gegerbten Leders bei der Erfindung vorgenommen wird, ohne daß eine spürbare Volumenvergrößerung des behandelten Leders erfolgt, da die Stärke der Ummantelung im Nanometerbereich liegt. Die Proteinfasern der Oberfläche sowie die Fasern des Kollagengerüstes erhalten dabei eine Diffusionssperre.So there is an implantation of suitable materials, such as. B. silicone and / or polyurethane, with which a change and new acquisition of properties of the tanned leather is made in the invention without a noticeable increase in volume of the treated leather takes place because of the strength of the Sheathing is in the nanometer range. The protein fibers of the surface as well the fibers of the collagen structure are given a diffusion barrier.

Zum Erreichen der Implantation und Beschichtung wird das Leder plasmatechnisch behandelt. Es hat sich nämlich überraschend gezeigt, daß bei Behandlung des gegerbten Leders als Substrat mit durch Entladung ionisiertem Gas unter Atmosphärendruck ein Niederschlag der Matrixpartikel auf der Oberfläche des Leders, also den einzelnen Proteinfasern sowie eine Ummantelung bzw. Implantierung der Kollagengerüste des Leders erfolgt. Die Matrixpartikel bestehen dabei vorzugsweise aus Silicon oder Polyurethan. So wie es verschiedene Funktionen gibt, die vom Leder erwartet werden, so gibt es auch verschiedenartige funktionale Schichten, es sei denn man kann mit einem Matrixmaterial mehrere Funktionen gleichzeitig erzeugen. Es wird dann von einer multifunktionalen Schicht gesprochen. Infrage kommen als Funktionsschichten z. B. SiO2, TiO2, PU, Silicon und Indium mit TiO dotiert (in der Fachwelt als ITO bekannt) als UV-Schutz. Andere Funktionen können sein: Scheuerbeständigkeit, voller Griff, Diffusionssperre (antifogging), Fleckabweisung, und Unempfindlichkeit gegen Feuchtigkeit. Die Kunst der erfindungsgemäßen Zurichtungsart besteht darin, daß auf und in das Leder hauchdünne Schichten auf- und/oder eingebracht werden, ohne daß die Optik und Natureigenschaften wie Geschmeidigkeit und Atmungsfähigkeit beeinträchtigt werden. Das Kollagengerüst stellt sich etwa wie ein Wirrfaservlies dar. Die Faserigkeit ist aber im Gegensatz zu textilem Faservlies ein zusammenhängedes Fasergerüst. Jede Gerüstfaser wird ummantelt. Auch können die Partikel implantiert werden. Dabei bleibt das Gerüst aber offen und wird nicht zugesiegelt.The leather is treated with plasma technology to achieve the implantation and coating. It has surprisingly been shown that when the tanned leather is treated as a substrate with gas ionized by discharge under atmospheric pressure, the matrix particles are deposited on the surface of the leather, that is to say the individual protein fibers, and the leather is collared or implanted. The matrix particles preferably consist of silicone or polyurethane. Just as there are different functions that are expected from leather, there are also different types of functional layers, unless you can create several functions with one matrix material at the same time. The term multifunctional layer is then used. Possible functional layers include: B. SiO 2 , TiO 2 , PU, silicone and indium doped with TiO (known in the art as ITO) as UV protection. Other functions can be: abrasion resistance, full grip, diffusion barrier (antifogging), stain repellent, and insensitivity to moisture. The art of the type of finishing according to the invention is that wafer-thin layers are applied to and / or into the leather without impairing the appearance and natural properties such as suppleness and breathability. The collagen structure is like a random fiber fleece. In contrast to textile fiber fleece, the fibrous structure is a coherent fiber structure. Each scaffold fiber is sheathed. The particles can also be implanted. The scaffold remains open and is not sealed.

Die Zurichtung gemäß der Erfindung bietet den Vorteil, daß diese trocken erfolgt, anstelle der bekannten Naßbehandlung, mit anschließender Trocknung, und wobei außerdem was noch wesentlicher ist, eine Beschichtung der Oberfläche sowie eine Ummantelung des Kollagengerüstes erfolgt, ohne daß die Natureigenschaften des Ledersubstrates wie Geschmeidigkeit und Atmungsaktivität beeinträchtigt werden, wie es bei den bekannten Zurichtungsverfahren der Fall ist.The dressing according to the invention has the advantage that it takes place dry, instead of the known wet treatment, followed by drying, and wherein more importantly, a coating of the surface and a The collagen structure is sheathed without the natural properties of the Leather substrates such as suppleness and breathability are impaired, as is the case with the known dressing methods.

Das Leder wird gemäß der Erfindung mit einer trockenen Plasmabehandlung zugerichtet werden. Diese Behandlungsart hat den Vorteil, daß von der Matrix nicht nur die Lederoberfläche, sondern auch das darunterliegende Kollagengerüst erfaßt wird. Zudem ist dieses Zurichtverfahren sehr energiesparend. Es wird kein Wasser verbraucht und verunreinigt. The leather is trimmed according to the invention with a dry plasma treatment become. This type of treatment has the advantage that not only of the matrix the leather surface, but also the underlying collagen structure is recorded. This dressing process is also very energy efficient. No water is used and polluted.

Zur Implantierung der Matrixpartikel in das Leder ist es erforderlich, daß die Matrixpartikel eine hohe kinetische Energie besitzen und turbulente Bewegungen in unterschiedlichen Richtungen ausführen. Dazu ist das Anlegen einer gepulsten Spannung an das Spannungsfeld eines Plasmareaktors bei Atmosphärendruck erforderlich, wobei die Frequenz der einzelnen Pulse im Ultraschallbereich und die Spitzenspannung im Kiloelektronenvolbereich (KeV) liegt. Die Pulse können dabei eine gleiche Polarität aufweisen.To implant the matrix particles in the leather, it is necessary that the Matrix particles have high kinetic energy and turbulent movements in run in different directions. For this, the creation of a pulsed Voltage to the voltage field of a plasma reactor at atmospheric pressure required, the frequency of the individual pulses in the ultrasound range and the Peak voltage is in the kiloelectron vol range (KeV). The pulses can have the same polarity.

Das Atmosphärenplasma zeichnet sich dadurch besonders aus, daß die Behandlung unter Atmosphärendurck erfolgt und der Gasentladungsstrom durch die Verwendung von mehreren Plasmabrennern von sogenannten Guns erzeugt wird. Das Matrixmaterial wird erfindungsgemäß dabei als Pulver oder in liquider Form in den Gasstrom eingebracht. Das Matrixmaterial wird vernebelt, vom Plasmastrom getragen und mit großer Energie auf das Substrat auf- und eingetragen. Bei den bekannten Verfahren des Atmosphärenplasmas wird mit gasförmigen (Monomere) und liquiden Matrixmaterialien gearbeitet. Bei dem hier vorliegenden Verfahren kann auch pulverförmiges Matrixmaterial haftfest um die Fasern und das Gerüst gebracht werden. Durch die bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhaltenen ausgeprägten Turbulenzen der Matrixpartikel, die mit hoher Energie in dem Spannungsfeld bewegt werden, hat es sich nämlich gezeigt, neben dem liquiden auch pulverförmiges Matrixmaterial verwenden zu können, um die Partikel in die Proteinfasern sowie das Kollagengerüst des Substrates zu implantieren sowie Fasern und Gerüst zu ummanteln. Im Atmosphärenplasma wird der Aggregatzustand des hinzugegebenen Matrixmaterials nicht verändert. Gas bleibt Gas und festes Material bleibt festes Material. Lediglich die Konsistenz wird geändert, wenn festes Material in Pulverform in den auf das Substrat gerichteten Plasmastrom einrieselt und dadurch vernebelt wird, ohne seinen Aggregatzustand zu ändern. Zum Vernebeln ist lediglich eine gewisse Energiezufuhr nötig. Damit ist die Gewähr gegeben, daß das vernebelte Material seine Eigenschaften behält und die Moleküle als Funktionsträger unbeschädigt die gesuchten Materialeigenschaften auf das Substrat übertragen. Diese Eigenschaft ist dann besonders wichtig, wenn mit einer einzigen Matrix dem Substrat mehrere Eigenschaften verliehen werden sollen.The atmospheric plasma is particularly characterized in that the treatment takes place under atmospheric pressure and the gas discharge current through the Use of multiple plasma torches from so-called guns is generated. According to the invention, the matrix material is in the form of a powder or in liquid form introduced the gas stream. The matrix material is atomized by the plasma flow worn and applied to the substrate with great energy. Both known methods of atmospheric plasma is with gaseous (monomers) and liquid matrix materials. In the present procedure Powdery matrix material can also adhere firmly to the fibers and scaffold to be brought. By the obtained in the inventive method pronounced turbulence of the matrix particles with high energy in the It has been shown that there is a tension between moving alongside the liquid one to be able to use powdered matrix material to the particles in the To implant protein fibers as well as the collagen structure of the substrate as well To coat fibers and scaffold. In the atmospheric plasma the Physical state of the added matrix material has not changed. Gas remains Gas and solid material remain solid material. Only the consistency will changed when solid material in powder form in the aimed at the substrate Plasma stream trickles in and is thereby nebulized without its physical state to change. Only a certain amount of energy is required to atomize. So that is guaranteed that the nebulized material retains its properties and the molecules as functional carriers undamaged the sought-after material properties transferred to the substrate. This property is particularly important if multiple properties can be imparted to the substrate with a single matrix should.

Von der Tierhaut werden durch Gerben nur die Retikularschicht der Lederhaut und die Papillarschicht der Lederhaut zu einem verarbeitbarem Leder zugerichtet. Die Lederhaut besteht aus einem mehr oder weniger dichten Geflecht aus Kollagenfasern, das möglichst gleichmäßig ausgebildet sein soll und was auch bei einem guten Leder der Fall ist. Das Kollagengeflecht wird durch die Plasmabehandlungen mit den Matrixpartikel ummantelt und sogar zum Teil durchdrungen, ohne daß chemische Eigenschaften des Leders geändert werden und vor allem die Atmungsaktivität erhalten bleibt. Mit der Anwendung dieser Behandlung wird ein veredeltes Produkt erzielt, das es bisher in dieser Qualität nicht gegeben hat.From the animal skin, only the reticular layer of the dermis and the papillary layer of the dermis is trimmed to a processable leather. The Leather skin consists of a more or less dense network of collagen fibers, that should be as uniform as possible and what also with one good leather is the case. The collagen network is made by the plasma treatments coated with the matrix particles and even partially penetrated without chemical properties of the leather are changed and especially breathability preserved. With the application of this treatment, a refined Product that has never existed in this quality.

Durch die Wahl einerseits des Reaktionsgases und andererseits des Matrixmaterials können u. a. noch weitere Eigenschaften des Leders erzielt werden, die beispielhaft genannt werden. Das Leder gemäß der Erfindung ist gegen UV Bestrahlung sowie gegen eine Ausdünstung von Fetten beständig, ohne daß die Geschmeidigkeit leidet, da die Fette innerhalb des Leders verbleiben. Dadurch wird die Verwendung des so behandelten Leders auch bei hohen Temperaturen zum Beispiel im Sommer im Inneren eines Kraftwagens möglich, da eine Austrockung vermieden wird. Die Scheuerfestigkeit wird durch die Ummantelung erhöht und die Reinigung erleichtert. Außerdem ist durch die Veredlung gemäß Erfindung das Leder universeller einsetzbar und kann vielfach an Stelle von Kunstleder treten, so daß die Umwelt weniger mit dem bei Herstellung von Kunstleder entstehenden Ausstoß von Kohlendioxyd belastet wird, denn Kunstleder ist ein Erdölderivat, bei dessen Herstellung und Entsorgung Kohlendioxyd erzeugt wird. Naturleder ist im Gegensatz zum Kunstleder ein nachwachsender Rohstoff, der kohlendioxydneutral ist. By choosing the reaction gas on the one hand and the matrix material on the other can u. a. still further properties of the leather can be achieved, which are exemplary to be named. The leather according to the invention is against UV radiation as well resistant to the evaporation of fats without suffering from suppleness, because the fats remain inside the leather. This will stop using the so treated leather even at high temperatures, for example in summer in Inside of a motor vehicle possible, since drying out is avoided. The The coating increases the abrasion resistance and makes cleaning easier. In addition, the leather according to the invention is more universal usable and can often replace artificial leather, so that the environment less with the emissions of carbon dioxide that arise during the production of synthetic leather is burdened, because artificial leather is a petroleum derivative, in its manufacture and disposal carbon dioxide is generated. Natural leather is in contrast to Artificial leather is a renewable raw material that is carbon dioxide neutral.

Die Vorprogrammierung verschiedener Substrateigenschaften durch die Wahl geeigneter Reaktionsgase und Matrixmaterialien ermöglicht auch eine antifunigizide und antibakterielle Ausrüstung des Leders gemäß der Erfindung, so daß dieses auch in die Medizintechnik Eingang finden kann. Es liegt auch im Rahmen der Möglichkeiten, das Ledersubstrat zur Säuberung vor Einleiten des Veredlungsverfahrens einer Aktivierung zu unterziehen, d. h. das Substrat für den oder die Zurichtvorgänge aufnahmefähiger gemacht wird.The pre-programming of different substrate properties through the choice suitable reaction gases and matrix materials also enable an anti-fungicide and antibacterial treatment of the leather according to the invention so that it can also find its way into medical technology. It is also within the Possibilities of cleaning the leather substrate before starting the finishing process undergo activation, d. H. the substrate for the or Dressing is made more receptive.

Da sich die Ummantelung der Proteinfasern der einzelnen ein Gerüst bildenden Kollagenfasern im Nanometerbereich befindet, ist keine spürbare Volumenvergrößerung zu befürchten. Allgemeinen kann gesagt werden, daß sich die Funktionalität des Leders gemäß der Erfindung erhöht und damit dessen Gebrauchswert.Because the sheathing of the protein fibers of the individual forms a scaffold Collagen fibers in the nanometer range is not a noticeable increase in volume to fear. Generally it can be said that the functionality of the leather increased according to the invention and thus its utility value.

Claims (9)

  1. Tanned leather of all kinds for use in the entire area of leather processing, characterised in that the surface of the leather, which comprises protein fibres, and the collagen fibres which are disposed therebeneath and which form the skeleton, are coated by a plasma process under atmospheric pressure with a protective layer leaving the pores open.
  2. A method of refining tanned leather of all kinds according to claim 1 characterised in that the leather is subjected as a substrate to a plasma treatment in a reactor under atmospheric pressure, wherein the matrix material is carried atomised by the plasma stream and is applied to and into the substrate with a high level of energy.
  3. A refining method according to claim 2 characterised in that the leather is activated and/or cleaned by means of an inert reaction gas in the reactor.
  4. A refining method according to claim 2 characterised in that silicone is used as the matrix material in the plasma reactor.
  5. A refining method according to claim 2 characterised in that polyurethane is used as the matrix material in the reactor.
  6. A refining method according to claim 2 characterised in that titanium oxide-doped indium (ITO) is used as the matrix material.
  7. A method according to claim 4, claim 5 or claim 6 characterised in that the matrix material is introduced as a liquid into the gas stream of the reactor.
  8. A method according to claim 4, claim 5 or claim 6 characterised in that powder matrix material is added to the gas stream of the reactor.
  9. A refining method according to claim 2 in conjunction with one or more of the preceding claims characterised in that a pulsed voltage is superimposed on the voltage field of the reactor, wherein the frequency of the individual pulses is in the ultrasonic range and the peak voltage is in the kilo-electron-volt range.
EP01107634A 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Leather and its treatment Expired - Lifetime EP1138788B1 (en)

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US20020020024A1 (en) 2002-02-21
ATE278809T1 (en) 2004-10-15
EP1138788A1 (en) 2001-10-04
DE10015555A1 (en) 2001-10-18
US6610368B2 (en) 2003-08-26
DE50103936D1 (en) 2004-11-11

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