EP1136132A2 - Centrifugal separator designed as cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

The separator has a tubular discharge channel (2) adjoining the vortex chamber (1) and at least the areas of the cyclone producing the inside faces of the vortex chamber and those of the discharge channel are formed from a sintered hard material produced through powdered metallurgy. Suitable hard materials are titanium carbide, titanium nitride, zirconium carbide. The inside faces of the vortex chamber and discharge channel are hardened by hard material phase diffusion or are coated by separating off the hard material phases.

Description

The invention relates to a cyclone Centrifugal separator for separating solid materials or of liquids from gases or from liquids, at the swirl chamber there is a tubular outflow channel connects.

Cyclones of the aforementioned type occur in the swirl chamber and also in the adjoining tubular Abströmkanal a significant wear. This wear leads to very rapid destruction of the cyclone, so that within a relatively short Intervals of the vortex chamber or the entire cyclone need to be replaced. This results very much frequent downtimes for the systems concerned, which cause considerable costs.

There are known cyclones in those in the particular Interchangeable areas exposed to heavy wear Parts are provided. Such cyclones must therefore cannot be completely renewed when on a particular Spot damage occurs but it only the destroyed part has to be replaced. Thereby will be the cost of the rest of the cyclone saved. But also for replacing individuals Parts of a cyclone shut down the system in question must be, by these known cyclones due to the very frequent downtimes of the systems caused costs are not reduced.

Cyclones are already known, with those that are special parts exposed to heavy wear from one abrasion-resistant material are made. Hereby the service life of the parts in question is somewhat extended and therefore downtimes are also increased of the facilities slightly reduced. But since the concerned Parts are still subject to wear and tear furthermore, the non-abrasion-resistant material manufactured parts replaced from time to time are still considerable downtimes of the plants.

The invention is based, which in the known cyclones wear significantly reduce and thereby downtimes of the cyclones to largely exclude the contained systems.

One solution to the problem is that at least the cyclone of the type mentioned at the beginning the inside surfaces of the swirl chamber and the inside surfaces of the tubular discharge channel of the cyclone from a powder metallurgy sintered hard material are formed. As such hard materials come for example titanium carbide, Titanium nitride, titanium diborite, zirconium carbide, zirconium imiboride, Niobium carbide, tantalum carbide, chromium carbide, chromium boride, Molybdenum silicide and tungsten carbide - with one Binder, for example nickel or cobalt - in Consideration. Of particular importance is the Carbides too.

Another solution to the problem is to that at least the the inner surfaces of the swirl chamber and which have the inner surfaces of the tubular outflow channel Areas of the cyclone made of a non-metallic Hard material are formed. As such hard materials come for example cubic boron nitride, borkabid, Silicon carbide and corundum.

Metallic or non-metallic hard materials of the aforementioned Kind indicate with regard to wear due to abrasion - as occurs with cyclones - very good Properties on and can be practically in any Form are made. In the inventive Cyclones are all affected by the swirl and thus protected parts exposed to high wear. For this purpose can be formed from the aforementioned hard materials Molded parts in the swirl chamber and the outflow channel be used. Protection of the outflow channel can also are caused by the fact that in the tubular Outflow channel also a tubular molded part metallic or non-metallic hard material inserted becomes. A tight connection between the tubular Outflow channel and the molded part made of metallic or non-metallic hard material, for example achieved that the tubular discharge channel, which is generally made of steel, on the molded part shrunk from metallic or non-metallic hard material.

In an embodiment of the invention, the inner surfaces of the Vortex chamber and the inner surfaces of the tubular outflow channel of the cyclone by hard phase diffusion hardened or by deposition of hard material phases coated. This will wear resistance Inner surfaces of the swirl chamber and the inner surfaces of the Outflow channel significantly increased. This configuration of the Cyclones according to the invention are particularly expedient if the wear occurs particularly large is, for example, if in the to be separated Mixture of sand is included.

The inventive design of the cyclones the additional very significant advantage is achieved that because of the retention of the inner contours of the Vortex chamber and the outflow channel as a result of avoidance from abrasion the efficiency of the cyclone constant remains.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the entire Vortex chamber and / or the entire outflow channel from one metallic or non-metallic hard material. Here, a higher proportion of hard material needed to manufacture such a swirl chamber and / or such an outflow channel is proportionate inexpensive. They can also completely turn off metallic or non-metallic hard material Parts have a considerably smaller wall thickness.

The cyclone according to the invention can still be improved that the vortex chamber and the tubular outflow channel connected to one another by connecting elements are. This enables simple and quick installation and removal of the cyclone.

The swirl chamber is expediently made of at least two sections formed by fasteners are interconnected. This can result in certain Cases - depending on the purpose of the cyclone - the Production of the swirl chamber can be facilitated.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention also the tubular outflow channel from at least two Parts formed by connecting elements with each other are connected. On the one hand there are such sections easier to manufacture than a complete outflow channel, on the other hand, they are easier to use and can therefore by hand without special aids brought and installed in the relevant place.

Another improvement of the cyclone according to the invention is achieved in that the connecting elements Steel are formed. Such connecting elements are both inexpensive to manufacture and sufficient stable.

A particularly simple and quick installation and removal of the cyclone according to the invention is achieved in that the connecting elements are designed as screw connections are. Screw connections can be loosened easily and also easily reconnect.

The connecting elements can be glued or soldered with the vortex chamber or its sections and the tubular discharge channel or its sections connected his. A preferred embodiment of the invention however, is that the fasteners on the vortex chamber or its sections and on the tubular drainage channel or its sections shrunk are.

According to another feature of the invention, the connecting elements made of plastic. Here you can the connecting elements are designed as sleeves, the overlap the respective connection point, the For example, the sleeve is fastened with an adhesive can be. The connecting elements can also consist of a tape soaked in plastic, the before the plastic is crosslinked to the respective one Connection point is applied and that after curing of the plastic forms a firm association.

To protect the cyclone against shock loads in a development of the invention at least the tubular one Drain channel provided with reinforcement. This reinforcement can from a on the tubular discharge channel pushed-on pipe made of metal, for example aluminum consist.

A plastic layer is particularly useful formed reinforcement. Such reinforcement can be pushed onto the tubular discharge channel Plastic pipe consist of or with a Plastic-impregnated tape or one with plastic soaked mat. The tape or mat are in front of the Networking of the plastic on the tubular discharge channel applied and form after curing the Plastic a solid layer.

Another useful reinforcement is through a rubber layer educated. This reinforcement can either be made one pushed onto the tubular outflow channel Rubber tube can be formed or it can be a rubber layer applied to the parts to be reinforced and then vulcanized.

Depending on the design of the reinforcement and the intended use of the cyclone can be reinforced at the same time as a connecting element for connecting the swirl chamber with the tubular discharge channel or its sections serve together.

Fig. 1

einen Zyklon in einem Längsschnitt;

Fig. 2

einen anderen Zyklon, ebenfalls in einem Längsschnitt;

Fig. 3

die Wirbelkammer des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Zyklons in Vorderansicht;

Fig. 4

die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Wirbelkammer in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 5

die Wirbelkammer des in Fig. 2 dargestellten Zyklons in Vorderansicht;

Fig. 6

die in Fig. 5 dargestellte Wirbelkammer in Seitenansicht.

The drawing shows two exemplary embodiments of a centrifugal separator according to the invention designed as a cyclone for separating solid substances or liquids from gases or liquids and are explained in more detail below. Show it:

Fig. 1

a cyclone in a longitudinal section;

Fig. 2

another cyclone, also in a longitudinal section;

Fig. 3

the vortex chamber of the cyclone shown in Figure 1 in front view.

Fig. 4

the swirl chamber shown in Figure 3 in side view.

Fig. 5

the vortex chamber of the cyclone shown in Figure 2 in front view.

Fig. 6

the vortex chamber shown in Fig. 5 in side view.

The cyclone shown in Fig. 1 consists of a Vortex chamber 1 and a tubular outflow channel 2, which are interconnected by connecting elements 3 are. The swirl chamber 1 has a cylindrical part 4 and a conical part 5. In the conical part 5 is one of a metallic or non-metallic Hard material formed funnel-shaped insert 6 used. The cylindrical part 4 of the swirl chamber 1 and the tubular outflow channel 2 consist entirely of a metallic or non-metallic hard material. The tubular outflow channel 2 consists of the two Parts 7 and 8, which are connected by connecting elements 9 are interconnected.

In Fig. 2, a cyclone is shown, which consists of a Vortex chamber 11 and an outflow channel 12 exists. The tubular outflow channel 12 has the two sections 17 and 18 on, by connecting elements 19 together are connected.

As from FIGS. 3 and 4 and from FIGS. 5 and 6 too can be seen, the vortex chambers can be very different be designed.

Claims (14)

Centrifugal separator designed as a cyclone for separating solid substances or liquids from gases or from liquids, to the swirl chamber (1, 11) of which a tubular outflow channel (2, 12) is connected, characterized in that at least the inner surfaces of the swirl chamber (1, 11) and the areas of the cyclone having the inner surfaces of the tubular outflow channel (2, 12) are formed from a sintered hard material produced by powder metallurgy. Centrifugal separator designed as a cyclone for separating solid substances or liquids from gases or from liquids, to the swirl chamber (1, 11) of which a tubular outflow channel (2, 12) is connected, characterized in that at least the inner surfaces of the swirl chamber (1, 11) and the areas of the cyclone having the inner surfaces of the tubular outflow channel (2, 12) are formed from a non-metallic hard material. Cyclone according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner surfaces of the swirl chamber (1, 11) and the inner surfaces of the tubular outflow channel (2, 12) of the cyclone are hardened by hard phase diffusion or coated by deposition of hard material phases. Cyclone according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the entire swirl chamber (1, 11) and / or the entire tubular outflow channel (2, 12) is formed from a hard material. Cyclone according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the swirl chamber (1) and the tubular outflow channel (2) are connected to one another by connecting elements (3). Cyclone according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the swirl chamber (1) is formed from at least two sections (4, 5) which are connected to one another by connecting elements. Cyclone according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tubular outflow channel (2, 12) is formed from at least two sections (7, 8; 17, 18) which are connected to one another by connecting elements (9, 19). Cyclone according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the connecting elements (3, 9, 19) are formed from steel. Cyclone according to claim 8, characterized in that the connecting elements (3, 9, 19) are designed as screw connections. Cyclone according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the connecting elements (3, 9, 19) on the swirl chamber (1, 11) or its sections (4, 5) and on the tubular outflow channel (2, 12) or on whose sections (7, 8; 17, 18) are shrunk. Cyclone according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the connecting elements (3, 9, 19) are made of plastic. Cyclone according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least the tubular outflow channel (2, 12) or its sections (7, 8; 17, 18) are provided with reinforcement. Cyclone according to claim 12, characterized in that the reinforcement is formed by a plastic layer. Cyclone according to claim 12, characterized in that the reinforcement is formed by a rubber layer.

Images