EP1133821A1 - Power source - Google Patents
Power sourceInfo
- Publication number
- EP1133821A1 EP1133821A1 EP99954202A EP99954202A EP1133821A1 EP 1133821 A1 EP1133821 A1 EP 1133821A1 EP 99954202 A EP99954202 A EP 99954202A EP 99954202 A EP99954202 A EP 99954202A EP 1133821 A1 EP1133821 A1 EP 1133821A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- battery
- power
- output
- transistor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1415—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with a generator driven by a prime mover other than the motor of a vehicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
Definitions
- the present invention concerns apparatus for generating electric current. It is particularly concerned with providing a compact and reliable generator which is readily portable. Such a generator can find many fields of application one of which would be for use in providing power for portable radios, computers and other electronic equipment in environments where there is little or no provision of electrical mains.
- Another disadvantage is that the energy capacity is limited to the size of the spring fitted. This provides for a limited play back period when fully charged and should extended play times be required larger heavier and more expensive springs need to be fitted. Therefore relatively large and expensive springs have to be used in order to provide acceptable play times.
- the spring, gear box, and generator combination specifically disclosed in the above two specifications incurs quite heavy energy losses .
- the spring releases energy at a fixed rate equivalent to the maximum energy demanded by the radio, or any other load which may be applied. Energy less than that is shunted and thus wasted.
- the spring unwind duration is the same as the play time of the radio and typically will be between 30 minutes and 1 hour. Frictional losses in the transmission are roughly constant and are not dependent on the unwind velocity so that any attempt to increase unwind time has a consequent energy penalty. From this it follows that the longer the unwind time of the spring the higher the energy content that is lost during that unwind cycle.
- the present invention has as one concern to alleviate the above mentioned problems.
- a power system for supplying a variable load comprising means for mounting a rechargeable battery; a mechanical generator for generating electrical power; a source of mechanical energy for driving the generator, output terminal means for connection to a load, and a control circuit for controlling the supply of electric power to the output terminal means , and wherein the mounting means and the generator are connected in parallel to an output rail, whereby output energy of said mechanical generator in excess of a load requirement is used to charge a battery mounted in said mounting means the output rail being connectable to said output terminal means by a mechanical switch which in its open position prevents conduction through the rail and by a switching transistor located between the switch and an output terminal of the output terminal means, the arrangement being such that closure of the switch enables a pulse to turn on the switching transistor to allow passage of electrical current to the output terminal, maintenance of the switching transistor in its on condition being dependent upon the output voltage supplied to the output terminal means being above a predetermined threshold.
- FIGS. 1A, IB and 1C are perspective views of a radio which incorporates the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the radio receiver circuit of the radio of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of a power control circuit incorporated in the radio of Figure 1;
- Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a power control circuit incorporated in a radio receiver circuit which is substantially the same as the circuit of Figure 2; and
- Figure 5 is an exploded view of the radio of Figure 1.
- the radio casing 1 has a loudspeaker grill 2 and a pair of knobs 3 and 4 for controlling tuning and volume respectively.
- a solar panel is shown at 5 and a folding aerial at 6.
- the front end of the radio is semi-circular in side view and carries a rotatable disc 7 in which is mounted a pivoted handle 8.
- the handle As shown in Figure 1A the handle is in its non-operative or retracted position but can be swung out so that a user can rotate the disc using the handle so as to wind up a powerful spring mounted within the radio.
- the spring and the bobbins on which it is mounted in the exploded view of Figure 5.
- the energy stored in the spring can be used to drive a generator to provide operative current for a radio circuit shown in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
- the radio shown in the accompanying drawings can be powered in three different ways, namely by spring power, from solar power generated by the solar panel and from an external power source.
- An embodiment of a circuit for controlling these power sources will be described hereinafter with reference to Figure 3 of the drawings.
- the radio circuit shown in Figure 2 is essentially a custom made radio receiver chip 200.
- a chip particularly suited for this purpose is manufactured by Sony and is known as the Sony (RTM) CXA1691 radio receiver chip.
- This chip includes all the aspects of a radio receiver, voltage regulator and an audio amplifier within a single chip.
- the FM coils are specified by the manufacturer but by changing the AM RF coils the band over which the radio operates can be changed from MW to SW1 to SW2 and LW.
- the radio circuit includes an earphone socket 15 connected to an audio output line 16 and to a negative rail 17. Negative rail 17 is also shown as the negative output rail of the power control circuit shown in Figure 3 and which is to be described hereinafter.
- the earphone socket 15 is a switched socket so that when the input plug of an earphone is inserted into socket 15 the previous connection to a loudspeaker 18 is broken and the audio output is taken to the now connected earphone.
- loudspeaker 18 is also connected to the negative rail 17 and to audio output line 16.
- a band select input line 19 which is connected to the band select output of the power circuit of Figure 3 and to a positive switched rail 20 which comprises the positive output from the power circuit.
- this power control circuit is designed to control the supply of power to the radio chip circuit from three possible sources, namely the solar panel 5, the generator shown at 25, a DC switched socket 40 and a rechargeable battery 21.
- the purpose of the power control circuit is to avoid the disadvantages of prior circuits in which energy stored in a spring was released to a generator in response to demand so that the unwind time of the spring was equivalent to the period over which the device could be used.
- the primary source of energy is the battery 21 and the output of the generator 25 along with the output of the solar panel 5 is used both to energise the radio receiver chip and to charge the battery 21.
- Power from the generator 25 as it is driven by the unwinding spring enters the positive rail 20 via a Schottky diode 22 which prevents any reverse current flowing back to the generator.
- power from the solar panel 5 enters the positive rail 20 via a second Schottky diode 23 which fulfils the same purpose as diode 22.
- a tfiree position switch 24 which also serves as a band select switch for the radio circuitry, one of the switch outputs being the band select line 19 shown in Figure 2.
- the solar panel 5 and the generator 25 are connected to the battery 21 so that the battery can take charge when the generator 25 is unwinding.
- the generator and solar panel will normally preferentially charge the battery due to differences in resistance between the battery and the load.
- any excess power which is generated by the generator 25 or the solar panel 5 which is not needed for the function of the radio circuit is stored in the battery 21.
- the spring has unwound the power which has been stored in the battery is then used to supply the radio circuit, along with power from the solar panel 5 if there is any ambient light.
- the capacitor 37 is included in the circuit to stop the "memory" typical to Ni-Cad batteries from increasing the battery voltage in a transient fashion every time the radio circuit is disconnected by the transistor switch circuit. Any increase over 1.8 volts would of course cause the transistor switch circuit to reconnect the battery 21 to the radio circuit. This would result in an oscillatory signal to the radio circuit which would in turn cause an unpleasant oscillatory sound from the loudspeaker.
- the socket 40 shown in Figure 3 is a switched socket 40 adapted to receive, in the present embodiment, 4.5 volt input. Normally this DC voltage would be generated by a mains adaptor (not shown). Entry of a plug from the adaptor or another power source into socket 40 disconnects all battery charging, wind up and solar sections of the power control circuit so that the radio circuit is driven directly by the power input to socket 40 without any charging of battery 21.
- the power circuit described has a number of advantages over those arrangements in which power is taken directly from the generator and lasts as long as the spring, or any other source, can provide the necessary impulse to the generator.
- batteries such as Ni-Cad batteries have a high specific energy capacity.
- small packages have a relatively high energy content.
- power can be drawn from the system at the same time as the mechanical power source is being replenished.
- the radio can be played and the computer used whilst the spring is being rewound.
- the power source such as compressed gas was used to drive the generator a gas cylinder could be exchanged during play time without deleterious effects. The same benefit would accrue if any type of nonelectrical power source would readily be exchanged for a replenished source.
- the power control circuit 100 this is similar to the power control circuit shown in Figure 3 of the specification in that it is used to control the minimum discharge rate of a rechargeable nickel cadmium, nickel metal hydride or similar battery. These batteries do not normally tolerate discharge below a minimum voltage, usually +/- 0.8 volts per cell.
- the circuit 100 will connect power to the radio chip via a positive rail 20 switched by a mechanical power switch 102 if the battery voltage is over the minimum allowed and will cut off when the voltage drops below the preset minimum.
- a single positive rail is used in this embodiment as the rest of the circuitry is held at ground.
- a pulse When battery 21 is charged and switch 102 is closed, a pulse will be created by the switching action and will pass a pulse of current through resistor 103 and a capacitor 104.
- the pulse will flow through diode 105 into the base of an NPN transistor 106.
- This causes transistor 106 to switch on "hard” and thus connect the base of a PNP transistor 107 to ground via a resistor 108.
- Turning on transistor 107 causes current to flow to the radio circuit and a voltage to be generated between the emitter of transistor 107 and ground.
- the pulse will be short due to capacitor 104 blocking DC current to the transistor 106 but resistors 109 and 110 form a voltage divider which, if the battery voltage is high enough, will supply a constant current to the base of transistor 107 to keep it turned on.
- the current being constantly supplied to the base of transistor 107 is dependent on the battery voltage and the values chosen for resistors 109 and 110.
- the current to the base of transistor 107 will no longer be enough to keep it on "hard” and so will not keep the connection of the base of transistor 106 closely enough to ground to keep switched on.
- transistor 106 starts switching off the voltage between resistors 109 and 110 will drop as well thus lowering the current to transistor 107 causing an avalanche effect until both transistors are completely off.
- the battery 21 can be recharged while still connected, but without a trigger pulse to the base pin of transistor 106 the switch on process involving transistor 107 cannot start.
- a pulse can be provided in different ways.
- the battery capacity is of at least a magnitude greater than the generating capacity of spring-powered generator 25.
- the generator/spring arrangement can generate a maximum of about 100 joules of energy.
- a typical rechargeable battery of a size suited to a compact radio or other device can store between 3000-4000 joules.
- the spring may be unwinding for about half an hour in the present embodiment while the spring-powered generator unwinds at an optimum rate the unwinding period can be under 10 minutes but will provide a play period substantially in excess of this.
- the play time in the present embodiment using the spring generators is substantially the same as in the radio disclosed in EP-A-96925832.6 but this playtime is achieved with a spring which has only 4000 of the energy storage capacity of the earlier model.
- the torque bobbin 45 cooperates with a ratchet ring 52 suitably secured to an input gear 53 having a toothed outer rim which cooperates with a pinion gear 54 secured to a secondary gear 55 the toothed perimeter of which survives a second pinion gear 54' secured to a drive pulley 56.
- Drive pulley 56 is connected via a flexible belt (not shown) to a generator pulley 50 secured to the shaft of the generator 25. In this manner power from the unwinding of spring 46 can be transmitted via the gear train to the generator 25.
- the torque and storage bobbins and the various gears and pinions are effectively mounted on a gear plate shown at 51.
- FIG. 4 Other components of the radio shown in Figure 4 comprise a dial window 57 through which a dial drum 48 can be viewed, the dial drum carrying indicia showing the station to which the radio is tuned. Finally 58 shows a ferrite bar used for AM reception.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9824773.7A GB9824773D0 (en) | 1998-11-11 | 1998-11-11 | Power source |
GB9824773 | 1998-11-11 | ||
PCT/GB1999/003740 WO2000028637A1 (en) | 1998-11-11 | 1999-11-10 | Power source |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1133821A1 true EP1133821A1 (en) | 2001-09-19 |
EP1133821B1 EP1133821B1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
Family
ID=10842303
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99954202A Expired - Lifetime EP1133821B1 (en) | 1998-11-11 | 1999-11-10 | Power source |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6472846B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1133821B1 (en) |
AR (1) | AR021149A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1062000A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69925858D1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9824773D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000028637A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE397315T1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2008-06-15 | Freeplay Market Dev Ltd | HANDHELD GENERATOR |
WO2003019766A1 (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-03-06 | Albert Hartman | Mobile electrical power source |
US6930403B2 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2005-08-16 | High Tide Associates, Inc. | Mobile electrical power source |
US6959999B2 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-11-01 | Wen Sung Lee | Flashlight having manual charging device |
US6982398B2 (en) | 2004-06-01 | 2006-01-03 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Fuel saving engine driven welding-type device and method of use |
US20070187376A1 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2007-08-16 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Welder or Cutter Using an Energy Storage Device With Or Without a Charger |
US7183517B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2007-02-27 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Portable welding-type apparatus with interchangeable energy storage device |
US20050160639A1 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2005-07-28 | Smith Kenneth G.Jr. | Wire identification marker assembly and process for manufacturing |
US7248902B2 (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2007-07-24 | Yun Chu | Multi-mode power supply device of wireless earphone |
US8080761B2 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2011-12-20 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Hybrid powered welder |
US20050232446A1 (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-20 | Larry Kirn | Trickle-charged amplifier |
US7119450B2 (en) * | 2004-06-01 | 2006-10-10 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Fuel saving engine driven aircraft ground power device and method of use |
US7306716B2 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2007-12-11 | Access Business Group International Llc | Water treatment system |
US20060119104A1 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-08 | Wall Jerrold R | Portable wind up DC generator |
US7566979B1 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2009-07-28 | High Tide Associates, Inc. | Electrical power source |
US7251509B1 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-07-31 | Shay-Ping Thomas Wang | Mobile device with cell array |
US7295865B2 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-11-13 | Shay-Ping Thomas Wang | Mobile device with cell array |
USRE45568E1 (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2015-06-16 | Anand Kumar Chavakula | Multi-power charger and battery backup system |
US7830038B2 (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2010-11-09 | Shay-Ping Thomas Wang | Single chip solution for solar-based systems |
US20080285262A1 (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2008-11-20 | Icc Innovative Concepts Corporation | Long life cranking minimized flashlight |
US20100008081A1 (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2010-01-14 | Serafino Canino | Light for illuminating plants |
US20100141156A1 (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-06-10 | Icc Innovative Concepts Corporation | Flower pot incorporating lights for illuminating plants |
US9479003B2 (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2016-10-25 | AltEn, LLC | Power metering and control system adaptable to multi-standard device |
US11444464B1 (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2022-09-13 | Goal Zero Llc | Portable hybrid generator |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4360860A (en) | 1977-03-07 | 1982-11-23 | Johnson Hugh G | Self-contained hand held portable lantern-flashlight consisting of a manually operated generator and rechargeable batteries |
GB2304208B (en) | 1995-08-07 | 1999-06-23 | Baylis Generators Ltd | Generator |
GB9523158D0 (en) * | 1995-11-10 | 1996-01-17 | Jeffs Robert W | A radio transceiver |
DE29520719U1 (en) | 1995-12-30 | 1996-02-29 | Bergunder Nils | Device for charging accumulator batteries in the photo-video-phono range |
SE9601618D0 (en) | 1996-04-29 | 1996-04-29 | Startskottet 37900 Ab | Subscriber terminal arrangement |
AU6636798A (en) | 1997-03-20 | 1998-10-12 | Seung An Yoo | Battery self-charger integrated in battery pack for a portable telephone set |
-
1998
- 1998-11-11 GB GBGB9824773.7A patent/GB9824773D0/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-11-10 AR ARP990105724A patent/AR021149A1/en unknown
- 1999-11-10 DE DE69925858T patent/DE69925858D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-10 EP EP99954202A patent/EP1133821B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-10 AU AU10620/00A patent/AU1062000A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-10 US US09/831,529 patent/US6472846B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-10 WO PCT/GB1999/003740 patent/WO2000028637A1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0028637A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69925858D1 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
AR021149A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
US6472846B1 (en) | 2002-10-29 |
GB9824773D0 (en) | 1999-01-06 |
EP1133821B1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
WO2000028637A1 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
AU1062000A (en) | 2000-05-29 |
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