EP1133637B1 - Fuel supply device for a direct injection internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel supply device for a direct injection internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1133637B1
EP1133637B1 EP99960995A EP99960995A EP1133637B1 EP 1133637 B1 EP1133637 B1 EP 1133637B1 EP 99960995 A EP99960995 A EP 99960995A EP 99960995 A EP99960995 A EP 99960995A EP 1133637 B1 EP1133637 B1 EP 1133637B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
pump
pressure
conduit
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99960995A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1133637A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Jacques Kerjean
Alain Aubourg
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Continental Automotive France SAS
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Siemens VDO Automotive SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F02M55/025—Common rails

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device fuel supply for a combustion engine internal direct injection and more particularly, to such a device comprising a) a reservoir of fuel, b) the first fuel pumping means contained in said tank, delivering fuel brought to a first pressure level higher than the atmospheric pressure, c) second means of pumping supplied by said first means and delivering fuel brought to a second level of pressure, greater than the first, at least one injector said fuel in an engine cylinder and d) means of recycling excess fuel not injected in the engine to said second pumping means and said tank.
  • the device shown comprises a fuel tank 1, a pump 2 supplied by the tank 1 and associated with a pressure regulator 3 for delivering fuel to a second pump 5, through a filter 4, the fuel delivered by the pump 2 being brought to a first pressure level higher than atmospheric pressure, but relatively low, hence the name of "low pressure pump” given to the pump 2.
  • the second pump 5 still records the fuel pressure, up to a second level, higher than the first, suitable for supplying fuel injectors 6 1 , 6 2 , 6 3 , 6 4 mounted on a ramp 7 for supplying fuel to the cylinders of a combustion engine internal direct injection (not shown).
  • the pump 2 is commonly driven by a motor electric powered by the vehicle battery, and the pump 5 by the internal combustion engine itself.
  • the pressure of the fuel delivered by the pump 5, called the "high pressure pump” is fixed by a regulator 8, which can be a mechanical regulator such as a calibrated valve for example, or an electromechanical regulator, such as a controlled solenoid valve by a computer 9.
  • a sensor 10 delivers to the computer 9 a signal representative of the pressure of the fuel contained in the rail 7, to allow the computer to regulate the pressure of the fuel in this rail at the level predetermined required.
  • the computer 9 is commonly constituted by the engine operating management computer, controlling inter alia the injectors 6 i (i from 1 to 4 in the example shown).
  • the fuel not delivered by the injectors 6 i is returned to the tank to be recycled, through a conduit 11,12, brought to atmospheric pressure.
  • a part 12 of this conduit also serves as a leakage conduit for the low pressure pump 2, when the pressure of the fuel which it delivers exceeds the level fixed by the regulator 3, a calibrated valve for example.
  • the proper functioning of the devices of the type described above is notably conditioned by their ability to ensure rapid and safe pressure build-up fuel supplied to the injectors when starting the engine, cold or hot. It may not be so due to the presence of a vapor cap fuel at the inlet of the high pressure pump 5, plug which results, for example, from the phenomenon mentioned above fuel vaporization or "percolation" during an engine stop due to overheating of the high pressure liquid fuel contained in the rail 7 and in the conduits connected to the input of pump 5, under the effect of calories stored in the metal parts of the engine.
  • the high pressure pump 5 having only a low efficiency volumetric when the internal combustion engine which the drive turns at low speed, it is only when the liquid fuel supplied by the low pressure pump 2 expelled these vapors from the inlet of the high pump pressure that this can feed the ramp 7 and the 6i injectors with high pressure fuel suitable.
  • the present invention therefore aims to achieve a fuel supply device for a internal combustion with direct injection of the type described in preamble to this description, and which does not present not the disadvantages outlined above.
  • a supply device for fuel from an internal combustion injection engine direct comprising a) a fuel tank, b) first means of pumping the fuel contained in said tank, delivering fuel brought to a first pressure level higher than pressure atmospheric, c) second pumping means powered by said first means and delivering fuel brought to a second pressure level, greater than the first, at least one injector of said fuel in an engine cylinder and, d) means for recycling excess fuel not injected into the engine to said second pumping means and said tank, this device being remarkable in that that said recycling means comprise a conduit traveled simultaneously by said excess fuel and the fuel delivered by said first means of pumping and in that a pressure regulator forming part of said first pumping means is placed in downstream of said conduit.
  • the device according to the present invention combines the respective advantages of the devices of the technique shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing annexed, while limiting the disadvantages.
  • the conduit traversed simultaneously by the excess fuel and the fuel delivered by the first pumping means leads to the inlet of a pump forming part of the second pumping means.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 This is how we find in FIGS. 3 and 4, a fuel tank 1, first pumping means constituted by a pump 2 and a "low pressure” regulator 3, a filter 4, second pumping means constituted by a pump 5 and a “high pressure” regulator 8, a ramp 7 for supplying fuel to a plurality of injectors 6 i , a conduit 11 for recycling fuel not absorbed by the injectors, a computer 9 controlling the injectors 6i and the regulator 8, the computer receiving to do this a signal from a fuel pressure sensor 10.
  • the low pressure pump 2 is animated by an electric motor while the pump 5 high pressure is driven by the internal combustion engine at direct injection powered by the following device the invention.
  • the excess fuel, not absorbed by the 6i injectors is recycled directly in the inlet of the high pressure pump 5 by a line 15, through the filter 4, and not returned directly to the tank.
  • the low pressure pump 2 itself dispenses fresh fuel from the tank in line 15 in upstream of the filter 4.
  • a return pipe of fuel to the tank is fed in parallel with the "high pressure" pump 5.
  • this duct 14 starts from inlet 13 of pump 5 for return fuel not absorbed by this "high pressure” pump, the regulator 3 "low pressure "being placed in this conduit 14.
  • the return pipe 14 ' is "pitted" in the lower part pump body pressure 5.
  • the high pressure pump is fueled by a "hot" fuel mixture from ramp 7 supplied with high fuel pressure and "fresh” fuel at low pressure, from tank 1 and this as well in the embodiment of Figure 3 than in that of figure 4.
  • the fuel mixture thus established is delivered to pump 5, at a low pressure regulated by the regulator 3 associated with pump 2.
  • the injection of fuel by the pump 2 in the fuel leakage line 11 hot surplus from ramp 7 causes a condensation of fuel vapors if necessary contained in fuel from the rail.
  • the pump high pressure 5 is then supplied with fuel at least largely purged of fuel vapors, which allows rapid priming of this pump when starting the engine, whether it is hot or cold.
  • the fuel system between the ramp 7 and the high pressure pump 5, does not contain parts at atmospheric pressure. Upstream of the pump 5, the fuel remains at the fixed low pressure via regulator 3, even after the engine has stopped (and therefore pumps 2 and 5). This limits the quantity fuel vapors that can form in the circuit by the phenomenon of "percolation" mentioned more high. The absence of air intake between ramp 7 and the pump 5 prevents the emptying of this part of the circuit, during engine stops.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif d'alimentation en carburant d'un moteur à combustion interne à injection directe et plus particulièrement, à un tel dispositif comprenant a) un réservoir de carburant, b) des premiers moyens de pompage du carburant contenu dans ledit réservoir, délivrant du carburant porté à un premier niveau de pression supérieur à la pression atmosphérique, c) des deuxièmes moyens de pompage alimentés par lesdits premiers moyens et délivrant du carburant porté à un deuxième niveau de pression, supérieur au premier, à au moins un injecteur dudit carburant dans un cylindre du moteur et d) des moyens de recyclage du carburant excédentaire non injecté dans le moteur vers lesdits deuxièmes moyens de pompage et ledit réservoir.The present invention relates to a device fuel supply for a combustion engine internal direct injection and more particularly, to such a device comprising a) a reservoir of fuel, b) the first fuel pumping means contained in said tank, delivering fuel brought to a first pressure level higher than the atmospheric pressure, c) second means of pumping supplied by said first means and delivering fuel brought to a second level of pressure, greater than the first, at least one injector said fuel in an engine cylinder and d) means of recycling excess fuel not injected in the engine to said second pumping means and said tank.

On connaít, notamment dans des véhicules automobiles propulsés par un moteur à combustion interne à injection directe, des dispositifs de ce type, représentés aux figures 1 et 2 du dessin annexé. A la figure 1, le dispositif représenté comprend un réservoir 1 de carburant, une pompe 2 alimentée par le réservoir 1 et associée à un régulateur de pression 3 pour délivrer du carburant à une deuxième pompe 5, à travers un filtre 4, le carburant délivré par la pompe 2 étant porté à un premier niveau de pression supérieur à la pression atmosphérique, mais relativement bas, d'où le nom de "pompe basse pression" donné à la pompe 2. La deuxième pompe 5 relève encore la pression du carburant, jusqu'à un deuxième niveau, supérieur au premier, convenant à l'alimentation d'injecteurs de carburant 61,62,63,64 montés sur une rampe 7 d'alimentation en carburant des cylindres d'un moteur à combustion interne à injection directe (non représenté). Are known, especially in motor vehicles powered by an internal combustion engine with direct injection, devices of this type, shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawing. In FIG. 1, the device shown comprises a fuel tank 1, a pump 2 supplied by the tank 1 and associated with a pressure regulator 3 for delivering fuel to a second pump 5, through a filter 4, the fuel delivered by the pump 2 being brought to a first pressure level higher than atmospheric pressure, but relatively low, hence the name of "low pressure pump" given to the pump 2. The second pump 5 still records the fuel pressure, up to a second level, higher than the first, suitable for supplying fuel injectors 6 1 , 6 2 , 6 3 , 6 4 mounted on a ramp 7 for supplying fuel to the cylinders of a combustion engine internal direct injection (not shown).

La pompe 2 est couramment entraínée par un moteur électrique alimenté par la batterie du véhicule, et la pompe 5 par le moteur à combustion interne lui-même.The pump 2 is commonly driven by a motor electric powered by the vehicle battery, and the pump 5 by the internal combustion engine itself.

La pression du carburant délivré par la pompe 5, dite "pompe haute pression", est fixée par un régulateur 8, qui peut être un régulateur mécanique tel qu'un clapet taré par exemple, ou un régulateur électromécanique, tel qu'une électrovanne commandée par un calculateur 9. Dans ce dernier cas, un capteur 10 délivre au calculateur 9 un signal représentatif de la pression du carburant contenu dans la rampe 7, pour permettre au calculateur d'assurer la régulation de la pression du carburant dans cette rampe au niveau prédéterminé requis. Le calculateur 9 est couramment constitué par le calculateur de gestion du fonctionnement du moteur, commandant entre autres les injecteurs 6i (i de 1 à 4 dans l'exemple représenté).The pressure of the fuel delivered by the pump 5, called the "high pressure pump", is fixed by a regulator 8, which can be a mechanical regulator such as a calibrated valve for example, or an electromechanical regulator, such as a controlled solenoid valve by a computer 9. In the latter case, a sensor 10 delivers to the computer 9 a signal representative of the pressure of the fuel contained in the rail 7, to allow the computer to regulate the pressure of the fuel in this rail at the level predetermined required. The computer 9 is commonly constituted by the engine operating management computer, controlling inter alia the injectors 6 i (i from 1 to 4 in the example shown).

Le carburant non débité par les injecteurs 6i est renvoyé au réservoir pour être recyclé, par un conduit 11,12, mis à pression atmosphérique. Une partie 12 de ce conduit sert également de conduit de fuite pour la pompe basse pression 2, quand la pression du carburant qu'elle délivre dépasse le niveau fixé par le régulateur 3, un clapet taré par exemple.The fuel not delivered by the injectors 6 i is returned to the tank to be recycled, through a conduit 11,12, brought to atmospheric pressure. A part 12 of this conduit also serves as a leakage conduit for the low pressure pump 2, when the pressure of the fuel which it delivers exceeds the level fixed by the regulator 3, a calibrated valve for example.

L'inconvénient d'un tel dispositif est que, outre la perte d'efficacité globale qui résulte de ce qui suit, l'intégralité du carburant non délivré aux injecteurs est renvoyée au réservoir, ce qui, compte tenu de l'échauffement subi par ce carburant lors de son passage dans la rampe 7, conduit à une génération importante de vapeurs de carburant dans le réservoir.The disadvantage of such a device is that, in addition to the overall loss of efficiency which results from the following, all of the fuel not delivered to the injectors is returned to the tank, which, given the heating experienced by this fuel during its passage in ramp 7, leads to a significant generation of fuel vapors in the tank.

Ces vapeurs sont susceptibles de saturer alors rapidement une cartouche de filtrage, à charbon actif par exemple, raccordant l'espace libre du réservoir 1 à l'atmosphère en conduisant une pollution de cette dernière. These vapors are likely to saturate then quickly a filter cartridge, activated carbon by example, connecting the free space of tank 1 to the atmosphere by driving pollution of the latter.

On connaít également du document JP-A-09158766 un dispositif similaire qui ne diffère du précédent qu'en ce que le régulateur 3 est placé dans la partie de conduit 12 retournant au réservoir. Bien que cette modification permette d'éviter la mise à la pression atmosphérique du carburant non débité par les injecteurs, les inconvénients relatifs à l'échauffement du carburant dans le réservoir sont conservés.We also know from document JP-A-09158766 a similar device which differs from the previous one only in that that regulator 3 is placed in the duct part 12 returning to the tank. Although this modification avoids the atmospheric pressure of the fuel not supplied by the injectors, disadvantages of fuel heating in the tank are kept.

On a tenté de résoudre ce problème au moyen d'une variante du dispositif précédent, représentée à la figure 2 du dessin annexé, dans laquelle le conduit 11 est raccordé directement au filtre 4, en parallèle avec la sortie de la pompe basse pression 2.We tried to solve this problem by means of a variant of the previous device, shown in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawing, in which the conduit 11 is connected directly to filter 4, in parallel with the low pressure pump outlet 2.

Dans cette configuration, on constate que le débit de fuite de la rampe 7 est renvoyé intégralement vers l'entrée de la pompe haute pression 5 sous la pression générée par la pompe basse pression 2 et régulée par le régulateur 3.In this configuration, we see that the flow leakage from ramp 7 is fully returned to the inlet of the high pressure pump 5 under pressure generated by the low pressure pump 2 and regulated by the regulator 3.

Cette variante, si elle pallie les inconvénients du dispositif précédent, comporte néanmoins ses inconvénients propres.This variant, if it overcomes the disadvantages of previous device, nevertheless has its drawbacks own.

En effet, le débit de la pompe haute pression s'effectue alors en circuit fermé à l'exception d'un apport de carburant en provenance de la pompe basse pression compensant la consommation des injecteurs.Indeed, the flow of the high pressure pump then takes place in a closed circuit except for one fuel supply from the low pump pressure compensating for the consumption of injectors.

Ce carburant s'échauffe alors considérablement, et, lors de l'arrêt du moteur, génère en particulier à l'entrée de la pompe haute pression un "bouchon" de vapeurs.This fuel then heats up considerably, and, when the engine stops, generates in particular the inlet of the high pressure pump a "plug" of vapors.

On connaít également du document DE 195 39 885 un dispositif réalisant un compromis de ces deux variantes. Le carburant non délivré aux injecteurs est renvoyé en partie au réservoir au travers d'un conduit muni d'une restriction calibrée, le reste étant renvoyé vers l'entrée de la pompe haute pression. L'apport de carburant frais en provenance du réservoir est alors augmenté de la fraction retournant directement au réservoir via la restriction. Quoique ce dispositif améliore le refroidissement du carburant à l'entrée de la pompe haute pression, il présente les inconvénients combinés des deux variantes précitées. Une restriction importante limite le refroidissement du carburant à l'entrée de la pompe haute pression alors qu'une restriction faible augmente l'échauffement dans le réservoir. En outre, la présence de cette restriction entraíne la mise à pression atmosphérique du circuit d'alimentation lors de l'arrêt du moteur et favorise l'entrée d'air et la génération de vapeurs de carburant dans celui-ci.We also know from document DE 195 39 885 a device achieving a compromise of these two variants. Fuel not delivered to the injectors is returned in part to the tank through a conduit provided with a calibrated restriction, the rest being returned to the inlet of the high pressure pump. The contribution of fresh fuel from the tank is then increased by the fraction directly returning to tank via restriction. Although this device improves fuel cooling at the inlet of the high pressure pump, it has the disadvantages combined of the two aforementioned variants. A restriction important limits fuel cooling to the inlet of the high pressure pump while a low restriction increases heating in the tank. In addition, the presence of this restriction causes the circuit to be brought to atmospheric pressure when the engine stops and favors air intake and fuel vapor generation In this one.

Le bon fonctionnement des dispositifs du type décrit ci-dessus est notamment conditionné par leur capacité à assurer une montée en pression rapide et sûre du carburant fourni aux injecteurs, lors d'un démarrage du moteur, à froid ou à chaud. Il peut ne pas en être ainsi du fait de la présence d'un bouchon de vapeurs de carburant à l'entrée de la pompe haute pression 5, bouchon qui résulte, par exemple, du phénomène évoqué ci-dessus de vaporisation ou de "percolation" du carburant pendant un arrêt du moteur, dû à l'échauffement du carburant liquide à haute pression contenu dans la rampe 7 et dans les conduits raccordés à l'entrée de la pompe 5, sous l'effet des calories stockées dans les parties métalliques du moteur. La pompe haute pression 5 n'ayant qu'un faible rendement volumétrique quand le moteur à combustion interne qui l'entraíne tourne à bas régime, c'est seulement lorsque le carburant liquide fourni par la pompe basse pression 2 a chassé ces vapeurs de l'entrée de la pompe haute pression que celle-ci peut alimenter la rampe 7 et les injecteurs 6i avec un carburant à la haute pression convenable.The proper functioning of the devices of the type described above is notably conditioned by their ability to ensure rapid and safe pressure build-up fuel supplied to the injectors when starting the engine, cold or hot. It may not be so due to the presence of a vapor cap fuel at the inlet of the high pressure pump 5, plug which results, for example, from the phenomenon mentioned above fuel vaporization or "percolation" during an engine stop due to overheating of the high pressure liquid fuel contained in the rail 7 and in the conduits connected to the input of pump 5, under the effect of calories stored in the metal parts of the engine. The high pressure pump 5 having only a low efficiency volumetric when the internal combustion engine which the drive turns at low speed, it is only when the liquid fuel supplied by the low pressure pump 2 expelled these vapors from the inlet of the high pump pressure that this can feed the ramp 7 and the 6i injectors with high pressure fuel suitable.

La présente invention a donc pour but de réaliser un dispositif d'alimentation en carburant d'un moteur à combustion interne à injection directe du type décrit en préambule de la présente description, et qui ne présente pas les inconvénients exposés ci-dessus.The present invention therefore aims to achieve a fuel supply device for a internal combustion with direct injection of the type described in preamble to this description, and which does not present not the disadvantages outlined above.

On atteint ce but de l'invention, ainsi que d'autres qui apparaítront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, avec un dispositif d'alimentation en carburant d'un moteur à combustion interne à injection directe comprenant a) un réservoir de carburant, b) des premiers moyens de pompage du carburant contenu dans ledit réservoir, délivrant du carburant porté à un premier niveau de pression supérieur à la pression atmosphérique, c) des deuxièmes moyens de pompage alimentés par lesdits premiers moyens et délivrant du carburant porté à un deuxième niveau de pression, supérieur au premier, à au moins un injecteur dudit carburant dans un cylindre du moteur et, d) des moyens de recyclage du carburant excédentaire non injecté dans le moteur vers lesdits deuxièmes moyens de pompage et ledit réservoir, ce dispositif étant remarquable en ce que lesdits moyens de recyclage comprennent un conduit parcouru simultanément par ledit carburant excédentaire et le carburant délivré par lesdits premiers moyens de pompage et en ce qu'un régulateur de pression formant partie desdits premiers moyens de pompage est placé en aval dudit conduit.This object of the invention is achieved, as well as others which will appear on reading the description which will follow, with a supply device for fuel from an internal combustion injection engine direct comprising a) a fuel tank, b) first means of pumping the fuel contained in said tank, delivering fuel brought to a first pressure level higher than pressure atmospheric, c) second pumping means powered by said first means and delivering fuel brought to a second pressure level, greater than the first, at least one injector of said fuel in an engine cylinder and, d) means for recycling excess fuel not injected into the engine to said second pumping means and said tank, this device being remarkable in that that said recycling means comprise a conduit traveled simultaneously by said excess fuel and the fuel delivered by said first means of pumping and in that a pressure regulator forming part of said first pumping means is placed in downstream of said conduit.

Comme on le verra plus loin en détail, le dispositif suivant la présente invention cumule les avantages respectifs des dispositifs de la technique antérieure représentés aux figures 1 et 2 du dessin annexé, tout en en limitant les inconvénients.As will be seen in detail below, the device according to the present invention combines the respective advantages of the devices of the technique shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing annexed, while limiting the disadvantages.

Suivant l'invention, le conduit parcouru simultanément par le carburant excédentaire et le carburant délivré par les premiers moyens de pompage aboutit sur l'entrée d'une pompe formant partie des deuxièmes moyens de pompage .According to the invention, the conduit traversed simultaneously by the excess fuel and the fuel delivered by the first pumping means leads to the inlet of a pump forming part of the second pumping means.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre et à l'examen du dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • les figures 1 et 2 sont des schémas de dispositifs d'alimentation en carburant de la technique antérieure, décrits en préambule de la présente description, et
  • les figures 3 et 4 sont des schémas de premiers et deuxièmes modes de réalisation du dispositif suivant l'invention, respectivement.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the description which follows and on examining the appended drawing in which:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams of fuel supply devices of the prior art, described in the preamble to this description, and
  • Figures 3 and 4 are diagrams of first and second embodiments of the device according to the invention, respectively.

Aux figures 3 et 4, des repères numériques, éventuellement affectés d'un "prime", identiques à des repères utilisés aux figures 1 et 2, repèrent des éléments ou organes identiques ou similaires.In FIGS. 3 and 4, numerical references, possibly assigned a "premium", identical to marks used in Figures 1 and 2, identify identical or similar elements or members.

C'est ainsi qu'on retrouve sur les figures 3 et 4, un réservoir de carburant 1, des premiers moyens de pompage constitués par une pompe 2 et un régulateur "basse pression" 3, un filtre 4, des deuxièmes moyens de pompage constitués par une pompe 5 et un régulateur "haute pression" 8, une rampe 7 d'alimentation en carburant d'une pluralité d'injecteurs 6i, un conduit 11 de recyclage du carburant non absorbé par les injecteurs, un calculateur 9 commandant les injecteurs 6i et le régulateur 8, le calculateur recevant pour ce faire un signal d'un capteur 10 de pression de carburant.This is how we find in FIGS. 3 and 4, a fuel tank 1, first pumping means constituted by a pump 2 and a "low pressure" regulator 3, a filter 4, second pumping means constituted by a pump 5 and a "high pressure" regulator 8, a ramp 7 for supplying fuel to a plurality of injectors 6 i , a conduit 11 for recycling fuel not absorbed by the injectors, a computer 9 controlling the injectors 6i and the regulator 8, the computer receiving to do this a signal from a fuel pressure sensor 10.

Classiquement, la pompe 2 basse pression est animée par un moteur électrique alors que la pompe 5 haute pression est animée par le moteur à combustion interne à injection directe alimenté par le dispositif suivant l'invention.Conventionally, the low pressure pump 2 is animated by an electric motor while the pump 5 high pressure is driven by the internal combustion engine at direct injection powered by the following device the invention.

Suivant l'invention, le carburant excédentaire, non absorbé par les injecteurs 6i est recyclé directement dans l'entrée de la pompe haute pression 5 par un conduit 15, à travers le filtre 4, et non pas renvoyé directement au réservoir.According to the invention, the excess fuel, not absorbed by the 6i injectors is recycled directly in the inlet of the high pressure pump 5 by a line 15, through the filter 4, and not returned directly to the tank.

La pompe basse pression 2 débite elle-même du carburant frais venu du réservoir dans le conduit 15 en amont du filtre 4.The low pressure pump 2 itself dispenses fresh fuel from the tank in line 15 in upstream of the filter 4.

Suivant l'invention encore, un conduit de renvoi de carburant au réservoir est alimenté en parallèle avec la pompe "haute pression" 5.According to the invention also, a return pipe of fuel to the tank is fed in parallel with the "high pressure" pump 5.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 3, ce conduit 14 part de l'entrée 13 de la pompe 5 pour renvoyer au réservoir 1 du carburant non absorbé par cette pompe "haute pression", le régulateur 3 "basse pression" étant placé dans ce conduit 14.In the embodiment of Figure 3, this duct 14 starts from inlet 13 of pump 5 for return fuel not absorbed by this "high pressure" pump, the regulator 3 "low pressure "being placed in this conduit 14.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 4, le conduit de renvoi 14' est "piqué" dans la partie à basse pression du corps de la pompe 5.In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the return pipe 14 'is "pitted" in the lower part pump body pressure 5.

Il ressort de ce qui précède que, suivant la présente invention, la pompe haute pression est alimentée par un mélange de carburant "chaud" en provenance de la rampe 7 alimentée en carburant à haute pression et de carburant "frais" à basse pression, en provenance du réservoir 1 et ceci aussi bien dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 3 que dans celui de la figure 4. Le mélange de carburant ainsi établi est délivré à la pompe 5, à une basse pression réglée par le régulateur 3 associé à la pompe 2.It follows from the above that, according to the present invention, the high pressure pump is fueled by a "hot" fuel mixture from ramp 7 supplied with high fuel pressure and "fresh" fuel at low pressure, from tank 1 and this as well in the embodiment of Figure 3 than in that of figure 4. The fuel mixture thus established is delivered to pump 5, at a low pressure regulated by the regulator 3 associated with pump 2.

On tire de cet agencement divers avantages, non obtenus ensemble auparavant.There are various advantages to this arrangement, not obtained together before.

En premier lieu, l'injection de carburant par la pompe 2 dans le conduit 11 de "fuite" du carburant excédentaire chaud venant de la rampe 7 provoque une condensation des vapeurs de carburant éventuellement contenues dans le carburant venu de la rampe. La pompe haute pression 5 est alors alimentée avec un carburant au moins largement purgé en vapeurs de carburant, ce qui permet l'amorçage rapide de cette pompe au démarrage du moteur, et ceci que celui-ci soit chaud ou froid.First, the injection of fuel by the pump 2 in the fuel leakage line 11 hot surplus from ramp 7 causes a condensation of fuel vapors if necessary contained in fuel from the rail. The pump high pressure 5 is then supplied with fuel at least largely purged of fuel vapors, which allows rapid priming of this pump when starting the engine, whether it is hot or cold.

En second lieu, si le carburant contenu dans la rampe 7 ou dans le conduit 11 contient des vapeurs de carburant résiduelles qui n'auraient pas été entièrement condensées par le carburant frais injecté par la pompe 2 dans le conduit 11, ces vapeurs s'évacuent rapidement par le conduit 14 à basse pression (figure 3) ou par le conduit 14' (figure 4) vers le réservoir 1 à la pression atmosphérique.Second, if the fuel in the ramp 7 or in the conduit 11 contains vapors of residual fuel that would not have been fully condensed by the fresh fuel injected by the pump 2 in the duct 11, these vapors are quickly evacuated by line 14 at low pressure (Figure 3) or by line 14 '(figure 4) to tank 1 at pressure atmospheric.

En troisième lieu, le circuit de carburant, entre la rampe 7 et la pompe haute pression 5, ne contient pas de parties à la pression atmosphérique. En amont de la pompe 5, le carburant reste à la basse pression fixée par le régulateur 3, y compris après l'arrêt du moteur (et donc des pompes 2 et 5). On limite ainsi la quantité de vapeurs de carburant qui peut se former dans le circuit par le phénomène de "percolation" évoqué plus haut. L'absence d'entrée d'air entre la rampe 7 et la pompe 5 empêche le vidage de cette partie du circuit, pendant les arrêts du moteur.Third, the fuel system, between the ramp 7 and the high pressure pump 5, does not contain parts at atmospheric pressure. Upstream of the pump 5, the fuel remains at the fixed low pressure via regulator 3, even after the engine has stopped (and therefore pumps 2 and 5). This limits the quantity fuel vapors that can form in the circuit by the phenomenon of "percolation" mentioned more high. The absence of air intake between ramp 7 and the pump 5 prevents the emptying of this part of the circuit, during engine stops.

Enfin, la circulation simultanée à basse pression, dans le conduit 15, du carburant excédentaire chaud venu de la rampe 7 et du carburant frais fourni par la pompe 2, permet de baisser la température du carburant renvoyé au réservoir 1. On limite ainsi considérablement la quantité de vapeurs de carburant renvoyée dans le réservoir, et donc la vitesse de saturation de la cartouche (non représentée) de filtrage de ces vapeurs, qui équipe classiquement un tel réservoir.Finally, the simultaneous low pressure circulation, in line 15, hot excess fuel from of ramp 7 and fresh fuel supplied by the pump 2, lowers the temperature of the fuel returned tank 1. This considerably limits the amount of fuel vapor returned to the reservoir, and therefore the saturation rate of the cartridge (not shown) for filtering these vapors, which conventionally equips such a reservoir.

Claims (5)

  1. Fuel supply device for an internal combustion engine that operates by direct injection, comprising:
    a) a fuel tank (1),
    b) a first means of pumping the fuel contained in the said tank, comprising a pump (2) and a pressure controller (3), delivering fuel raised to a first level of pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure,
    c) a second means of pumping (5, 8) fed by the said first means (2, 3) and delivering fuel raised to a second level of pressure, greater than the first level, to at least one injector (6i) of the said fuel in a cylinder of the engine, and
    d) a means of recycling excess fuel not injected into the engine back to the said second means of pumping (5, 8) and the said tank (1), comprising a conduit (15) which leads to the inlet (13) of a pump (5) which forms part of the said second means of pumping (5, 8), this conduit being used simultaneously by the said excess fuel and the fuel delivered by the said first means of pumping (2, 3),
    characterised in that the said conduit (15) is used by all of the fuel delivered by the pump (2) and in that the pressure controller (3) which forms part of the said first means of pumping (2, 3) is located downstream of the said conduit (15).
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the said pressure controller (3) is located in a conduit (14; 14') used for returning fuel to the said tank (1).
  3. Device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the said conduit (14) is inserted into the inlet of the said pump (5).
  4. Device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the said conduit (14') is inserted into a part of the said pump (5) through which fuel flows at the first pressure level.
  5. Motor vehicle propelled by a direct injection internal combustion engine fitted with the device according to any of Claims 1 to 4.
EP99960995A 1998-11-27 1999-11-22 Fuel supply device for a direct injection internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1133637B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9814975 1998-11-27
FR9814975A FR2786534B1 (en) 1998-11-27 1998-11-27 FUEL SUPPLY DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, DIRECT INJECTION
PCT/EP1999/009075 WO2000032929A1 (en) 1998-11-27 1999-11-22 Fuel supply device for a direct injection internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1133637A1 EP1133637A1 (en) 2001-09-19
EP1133637B1 true EP1133637B1 (en) 2002-09-25

Family

ID=9533277

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99960995A Expired - Lifetime EP1133637B1 (en) 1998-11-27 1999-11-22 Fuel supply device for a direct injection internal combustion engine

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP1133637B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002531753A (en)
KR (1) KR20010080540A (en)
DE (1) DE69903191T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2786534B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000032929A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10059012A1 (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection system with fuel preheating and fuel-cooled pressure control valve
DE10205186A1 (en) * 2002-02-08 2003-08-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
GB0205965D0 (en) 2002-03-14 2002-04-24 Delphi Tech Inc Fuel system
WO2014159624A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-10-02 Deka Products Limited Partnership Product dispensing system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19539885A1 (en) * 1995-05-26 1996-11-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel supply system for IC engine
JPH09158766A (en) * 1995-12-07 1997-06-17 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel injection device of in-cylinder direct injection type spark ignition internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002531753A (en) 2002-09-24
EP1133637A1 (en) 2001-09-19
WO2000032929A1 (en) 2000-06-08
DE69903191T2 (en) 2003-02-13
KR20010080540A (en) 2001-08-22
FR2786534A1 (en) 2000-06-02
DE69903191D1 (en) 2002-10-31
FR2786534B1 (en) 2000-12-29

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