EP1123537B1 - Bimetallic coin discriminating device and method - Google Patents
Bimetallic coin discriminating device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1123537B1 EP1123537B1 EP99971133A EP99971133A EP1123537B1 EP 1123537 B1 EP1123537 B1 EP 1123537B1 EP 99971133 A EP99971133 A EP 99971133A EP 99971133 A EP99971133 A EP 99971133A EP 1123537 B1 EP1123537 B1 EP 1123537B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coin
- outer ring
- coils
- magnetic field
- inner disk
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D5/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of coins, e.g. for segregating coins which are unacceptable or alien to a currency
- G07D5/08—Testing the magnetic or electric properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coin discriminating device of the type having first and second coils positioned to induce and detect eddy currents in an outer ring and an inner disk, respectively, of a bimetallic coin, where a storage device is adapted to store coin reference data and a logic device is adapted to determine an identity of the coin by comparing the coin reference data to data obtained from the detected eddy currents and related to the conductivity of the coin.
- the present invention also relates to a method of identifying a bimetallic coin, and to a coin processing machine including a coin discriminating device of the above type.
- Coin discriminators which are arranged to measure the electric characteristics, e.g. the resistance or conductivity, of a coin by exposing it to a magnetic pulse and detecting the decay of eddy currents induced in the coin, are generally known in the technical field.
- Such coin discriminators are used in a variety of coin processing machines, such as coin counting machines, coin sorting machines, coin validators for vending and gaming machines, etc.
- Previously known coin processing machines are for instance disclosed in WO 97/07485 and WO 87/07742.
- a coin testing arrangement comprises a transmitter coil, which is pulsed with a rectangular voltage pulse so as to generate a magnetic pulse, which is induced in a coin when being moved past the transmitter coil along a coin rail.
- the eddy currents thus generated in the coin give rise to a magnetic field, which is monitored or detected by a receiver coil.
- the receiver coil may be a separate coil or may alternatively be constituted by the transmitter coil having two operating modes.
- EP-B-0 119 000 uses two transmitter coils with different effective cross-sectional areas.
- the large coil is larger than the largest acceptable coin, whereas the small coil is smaller than the smallest coin.
- the position of the small coil is such that the effective cross-sectional area thereof is covered by the smallest coin when passing along the coin rail.
- the purpose of the small coil is to solve a problem that can occur if only a large coil was used.
- the readings from the large coil are a function of the conductivity and diameter of the coin.
- a large diameter and a high conductivity both produce large coin readings.
- coins of different diameter and conductivity can produce identical readings.
- a British 2p copper coin and an aluminium token of 2 mm smaller diameter produce identical readings from the large coil.
- the small coil produces a signal that depends on the conductivity, but is independent of diameter. Thus, aluminium and copper may be differentiated by the small coil.
- the small coil cannot be used alone, because coins of the same material but different diameter give the same readings.
- bimetallic coins have been issued on the market in different countries.
- Well known examples of bimetallic coins are the French 10F, the British£, the Canadian $2 and the 1 and 2 Euro coins.
- Bimetallic coins are made as follows. Outer rings and central disks are punched from sheets (also known as blanks) of the two metal or metal alloys, of which the bimetallic coin is to be made. The disk is then fitted into the ring, and the coin is minted. Minting consists of pressing the coin between two hardened dies. The dies stamp the head and tail pattern onto the coin and also force the disk and ring together. The joint between the disk and ring is called a bond.
- the inner disk When identifying a bimetallic coin, there are three conductivities to be considered: the inner disk, the outer ring and the bond between them.
- the conductivities of the inner disk and outer ring depend on the metals used and do not change.
- the conductivity of the bond between the two metals may vary to a large extent.
- the bond may be a perfect conductor, if freshly cut metal surfaces are pushed hard together (molecular welding). However, if the inner disk and outer ring are covered in an oxide layer before they are joined together, the bond will conduct less well. In extreme cases, with a thick oxide layer, the bond will not conduct at all.
- bond conductivity is even more complex, since it also depends on the voltage of the eddy currents induced for the measurement. A large measurement voltage will "punch through" the oxide layer and indicate a higher conductivity than a low voltage. In coin discriminators, the voltages across the bond are small and these non-linear effects are significant.
- the poorly defined bond conductivity in bimetallic coins causes problems for many existing coin discriminators.
- the variability of the bond causes different readings from coins of the same type, thereby making a positive identification of the coin all the more difficult.
- the small coil is located close to the coin rail (so as to cover also very small monometallic coins), thereby generating eddy currents in a bimetallic coin, which will cross the bond and cause great uncertainty as regards the conductivity reading.
- GB-A-2 323 200 discloses a coin validator for bimetallic coins.
- An oval-shaped sensor 16 induces eddy currents, which are confined to the outer ring of the bimetallic coin. These eddy currents are detected and used for measuring the electric conductivity of the outer ring.
- a separate, smaller coil 14 is used for measuring the conductivity of the central disk of the bimetallic coin.
- US-A-5 119 916 discloses a magnetic field sensor for detecting tokens.
- a magnetic sensor is used to provide a measurement of magnetically responsive characteristics, when the token is exposed to a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet.
- an object of the present invention to provide an improved coin discriminator for identifying bimetallic coins. Moreover, an object of the invention is to allow the coin discriminator to be implemented by means of a small number of components.
- the coin discriminator comprises a large coil 10 and a small coil 20, both of which are mounted to a support member 80.
- the coils 10, 20 are connected to an electrical device (not shown) for supplying voltage pulses thereto.
- the bimetallic coin 30 comprises a ring 40 of a first metal or alloy and a disk 50 of a second metal or alloy. A bond between the disk and the ring is labeled 90.
- the coils 10, 20 act as transmitter coils for exposing the bimetallic coin 30, which is moved past the coin discriminator along a coin rail 70, to a respective magnetic pulse giving rise to eddy currents in the outer ring 40 and the inner disk 50 of the coin 30. Furthermore, the coils 10, 20 act as receiver coils for detecting the magnetic field variations generated by the eddy currents in the outer ring 40 and inner disk 50 and converting them into corresponding voltage signals. The voltage signals are supplied to a detector (not shown), which is arranged to measure the decay of the signals and in response determine a respective value of the conductivity of the outer ring 40 and inner disk 50. The determined conductivity values are subsequently used for identifying the coin 30.
- the coin discriminator is arranged to carry out the conductivity measurements when the center of the coin 30 is aligned with the center of the coils 10, 20, i.e. when the coin is located as in Fig. 2.
- the small coil 20 is mounted relatively high above the coin rail 70, thereby assuring that the induced eddy currents will flow essentially exclusively in the disk 50 without crossing the bond 90.
- the eddy currents induced by the large coil 10 will flow essentially exclusively in the ring 40, again without crossing the bond 90.
- the conductivity measured is independent of the bond.
- the duration and waveform of the voltage pulses supplied by the electrical device to the coils 10, 20 may be chosen in accordance with the actual application, as is readily realized by the skilled person.
- the inventive coin discriminator is provided with a magnetic sensor element 60, preferably a Hall element.
- the Hall element 60 is arranged to measure the magnetic permeability of the outer ring 40 and inner disk 50 of the coin 30. In this way coins with identical electric properties (e.g. conductivity) but different magnetic properties (e.g. permeability) may be differentiated.
- the coils 10, 20 are driven to generate a respective magnetic field, to which the outer ring 40 and inner disk 50 are exposed. Depending on the magnetic properties of the ring 40 and disk 50, the magnetic fields will be influenced to different extents.
- the Hall element measures the amplitude of the magnetic fields produced by the coils. The amplitude of the magnetic field from the large coil 10 indicates the permeability of the outer ring 40 of the bimetallic coin 30. Similarly, the small coil 20 measures the permeability of the inner disk 50. In the preferred embodiment, because two measurements are obtained from the Hall element, some form of multiplexing must be used, either frequency division multiplexing or time division multiplexing.
- the large and small coils are driven by sine waves of different frequencies. For typical coins, frequencies of 9 kHz and 7 kHz would be suitable.
- the output from the Hall element is a waveform containing both frequencies.
- appropriate electronics e.g. synchronous detection, the amplitudes of the two frequencies can be measured.
- time division multiplexing only one coil is driven at a time.
- the small coil 20 can first be driven and the Hall element output measured. Then the large coil 10 is driven and the second measurement from the Hall element is made. Whichever method of multiplexing is used, the results are equivalent.
- the coin processing machine 100 of Fig. 3 is selected to be a coin sorter.
- the mass of coins to be sorted by the machine 100 are deposited into a coin inlet 110.
- the coins are fed by a coin feeder 120, such as a hopper and/or an endless belt, to the coin discriminator 130, which has been described above with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
- the coin discriminator 130 is operatively connected to a logic device 132 in the form of a CPU, which is operatively connected to a memory 134, such as a RAM, ROM, EEPROM or flash memory.
- the memory 134 stores a set of coin reference data, which is used by the logic device 132 to discriminate among the coins received through the coin inlet 110. More specifically, the coin reference data relates to typical values of conductivity and permeability for all different types of coins, that the coin processing machine 100 is capable of processing.
- the logic device 132 is programmed to receive measurement data obtained by the coils 10, 20 and the magnetic sensor element 60, said data relating to the conductivity of the outer ring 40 and the inner disk 50, respectively, as well as the permeability of at least one of the outer ring and inner disk. Once these measurement data have been received for a coin 30, the logic device 132 will read the coin reference data stored in the memory 134 and search for any matches. If both the conductivity and the permeability measured by the coin discriminator 130 correspond to one specific coin type defined by the coin reference data, then the type of coin 130 has been positively identified. Otherwise, the coin 30 is of an unknown type, which is handled by a coin reject device 140, which preferably will deliver the coin through an external opening in the machine 100, so that the coin may be removed by a user.
- the coin types defined by the coin reference data in the memory 134 may preferably relate to the denomination of each different coin type, which is to be handled by the coin processing machine 100.
- the coin 30 is passed to a coin sorter 150, which uses the identified coin type to sort the coin 30 into one specific coin box, etc., in a coin storage 160.
- the coin boxes, etc., in the coin storage 160 are preferably externally accessible for the user of the machine 100.
Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
- A coin discriminating device, comprising: first and second coils (10, 20) positioned to induce eddy currents in an outer ring (40) and an inner disk (50), respectively, of a bimetallic coin (30); a storage device (134) adapted to store coin reference data; and a logic device (132) adapted to determine an identity of the coin by comparing said coin reference data to data obtained from detected eddy currents and related to the conductivity of the coin, characterized in that
said first and second coils (10, 20) are positioned to detect said eddy currents in said outer ring (40) and inner disk (50), respectively, and
a magnetic sensor (60) is coupled to the logic device (132) and positioned to detect a magnetic field generated by at least one of the first and second coils (10, 20), when the coin (30) is positioned between the first and second coils and the magnetic sensor, wherein the logic device (132) is adapted to use data obtained by the magnetic sensor and related to the permeability of the coin when determining the identity of the coin (30). - A coin discriminating device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic sensor (60) is a Hall element.
- A coin discriminating device according to any preceding claim, wherein the magnetic sensor (60) is positioned to detect a respective magnetic field generated by the first coil (10) as well as the second coil (20).
- A coin discriminating device according to any preceding claim, wherein the second coil (20) is positioned inside the first coil (10).
- A method of identifying a bimetallic coin (30) having an outer ring (40) and an inner disk (50) by generating eddy currents, by means of first and second coils (10, 20), essentially exclusively in the outer ring and the inner disk, respectively, measuring the eddy currents thus induced so as to determine the electric conductivity of the outer ring and the inner disk, respectively, and using the electric conductivity of the outer ring and the inner disk, respectively, for identifying the coin (30), characterized by the further steps of
exposing the coin (30) to a magnetic field generated by at least one of said first and second coils (10, 20) when the coin (30) is positioned between said first and second coils and a magnetic sensor (60),
using said magnetic field to measure the permeability of at least one of the outer ring (40) and inner disk (50), and
using the permeability when identifying the coin (30). - A method according to claim 5, wherein the outer ring (40) is exposed to a first magnetic field and the inner disk (50) is exposed to a second magnetic field.
- A method according to claim 6, wherein each magnetic field varies periodically in amplitude.
- A method according to claim 7, wherein each magnetic field varies as a sinewave.
- A method according to any of claims 7-8, wherein the steps of exposing, measuring and using are executed at a first frequency of the first magnetic field for the outer ring (40) and at a second frequency of the second magnetic field for the inner disk (50).
- A method according to claim 9, wherein said first frequency is 9 kHz.
- A method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein said second frequency is 7 kHz.
- A coin processing machine comprising a coin inlet (110), a coin feeder (120), a coin discriminator (130) according to any of claims 1-4 and a coin processor (150), the coin discriminator being coupled to the coin processor and being adapted to determine a type, identity or denomination of respective coins (30) received from the coin feeder, and being adapted to supply the determined type, identity or denomination to the coin processor.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9803656A SE523842C2 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 1998-10-23 | Device and method for separating coins |
SE9803656 | 1998-10-23 | ||
PCT/SE1999/001927 WO2000025274A1 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 1999-10-25 | Bimetallic coin discriminating device and method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1123537A1 EP1123537A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
EP1123537B1 true EP1123537B1 (en) | 2005-02-23 |
Family
ID=20413078
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99971133A Expired - Lifetime EP1123537B1 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 1999-10-25 | Bimetallic coin discriminating device and method |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1123537B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002528829A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE289694T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1430500A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69923857T2 (en) |
SE (1) | SE523842C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000025274A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101527056B (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2011-07-06 | 劳雷尔精机株式会社 | Coin discrimination apparatus |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE521207C2 (en) | 2001-03-22 | 2003-10-14 | Scan Coin Ind Ab | Device and method for separating coins where a variation in capacitance occurs between a sensor electrode and a surface of the coin when the coin is in transit |
SE522752C2 (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2004-03-02 | Scan Coin Ind Ab | Method of operating a coin discriminator and a coin discriminator where the influence on coil means is measured when coins are exposed to magnetic fields generated by coil means outside the coin |
JP4022583B2 (en) * | 2002-03-11 | 2007-12-19 | 旭精工株式会社 | Coin selector |
ES2343730T3 (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2010-08-09 | Scan Coin Ab | CURRENCY DISCRIMINATOR. |
JP4682342B2 (en) * | 2005-07-13 | 2011-05-11 | 旭精工株式会社 | Coin selector for bimetallic coin with weak magnetism |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2135095B (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1986-05-29 | Chapman Cash Processing Limite | Coin discriminating apparatus |
US5119916A (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1992-06-09 | Duncan Industries Parking Control Corp. | Sensor for measuring the magnetically responsive characteristics of tokens |
GB2266804B (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1996-03-27 | Mars Inc | Coin validator |
GB2323200B (en) * | 1997-02-24 | 2001-02-28 | Mars Inc | Coin validator |
-
1998
- 1998-10-23 SE SE9803656A patent/SE523842C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-10-25 DE DE69923857T patent/DE69923857T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-25 JP JP2000578785A patent/JP2002528829A/en active Pending
- 1999-10-25 WO PCT/SE1999/001927 patent/WO2000025274A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-10-25 AU AU14305/00A patent/AU1430500A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-10-25 AT AT99971133T patent/ATE289694T1/en active
- 1999-10-25 EP EP99971133A patent/EP1123537B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101527056B (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2011-07-06 | 劳雷尔精机株式会社 | Coin discrimination apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE9803656D0 (en) | 1998-10-23 |
DE69923857T2 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
SE9803656L (en) | 2000-04-24 |
EP1123537A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
WO2000025274A1 (en) | 2000-05-04 |
AU1430500A (en) | 2000-05-15 |
ATE289694T1 (en) | 2005-03-15 |
JP2002528829A (en) | 2002-09-03 |
SE523842C2 (en) | 2004-05-25 |
DE69923857D1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
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