EP1120319A1 - Shock absorbing device for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Shock absorbing device for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1120319A1
EP1120319A1 EP01400147A EP01400147A EP1120319A1 EP 1120319 A1 EP1120319 A1 EP 1120319A1 EP 01400147 A EP01400147 A EP 01400147A EP 01400147 A EP01400147 A EP 01400147A EP 1120319 A1 EP1120319 A1 EP 1120319A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
upper plate
absorption device
skin
shock
shock absorption
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01400147A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Silvino Do Nascimento
Patrick Saillard
Jean-Claude Friard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault SAS filed Critical Renault SAS
Publication of EP1120319A1 publication Critical patent/EP1120319A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B60R2019/1886—Bumper fascias and fastening means therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shock absorption device for a motor vehicle.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a device shock absorption for a motor vehicle of the type composed of a transverse shield skin, a plate energy absorption means.
  • the amount of energy absorbed by the vehicle depends including the materials used and their arrangement and their dimensions.
  • motor vehicles are equipped with a rear shield made of a transverse shield skin intended to receive the impact of a shock and a top plate overall horizontal orientation including a transverse edge extends opposite a fixed part of the vehicle body.
  • energy absorption means are interposed longitudinally between the shield skin and the vehicle body in order to absorb the mechanical energy resulting from an impact on the shield skin.
  • the shield skin as well as the upper plate move forward until the front transverse edge of the upper plate comes into contact with the fixed part of the checkout.
  • the shield skin continues its forward movement then causing the deformation of the top plate.
  • the plaque upper deforms in a vertical direction forming protruding edges, known as "accordion", which strike and damage the lower part of the bodywork element, in particular the tailgate of the vehicle.
  • the invention provides a shock absorption device for motor vehicle of the type comprising a body composed of a transverse shield skin intended to receive the impact of a shock and a top orientation plate overall horizontal with a front transverse edge extending opposite a fixed part of the vehicle body, and of the type comprising energy absorption means interposed longitudinally between the shield skin and the vehicle body, characterized by that the shield skin is mounted movable in translation by relation to the upper plate between a rear deployed position and a front position retracted in the event of an impact.
  • FIG. 1 shows a lower portion of the rear part of a motor vehicle fitted with a device of shock absorption 10 according to the invention, illustrated in position rear deployed.
  • the absorption device mainly comprises a transverse shield skin 12 which is intended to receive the impact shock, an upper plate 14 generally oriented horizontal with a front transverse edge 16 extending opposite a fixed part 18 of the vehicle body, and means of energy absorption 20 arranged at the front of the skin of shield 12.
  • the energy absorption means 20 can, for example example and in known manner, be made up of a structure in honeycomb, foam material, etc.
  • the upper plate 14 has a fixed front part 22 and a movable rear part 24 which is made in one piece with the skin of the shield 12.
  • the rear part 24 of the upper plate 14 is mounted sliding longitudinally with respect to the front part 22.
  • a cross panel and vertical body 26, such as a tailgate, is shown in the closed position. Its front wall 28 comes into contact with a sealing element 29 so as to isolate the interior of the boot 32 or the passenger compartment of the vehicle against elements such as dust or water.
  • the horizontal bottom wall 34 of the vertical panel 26 extends in front of a rear transverse edge 30 of the part front 22 of the top plate 14.
  • the absorption means of energy 20 make it possible to dissipate at least part of shock energy, for example, by plastic deformation of constituent materials.
  • the energy absorption means 20 are determined, from preferably, so that, during an impact test of the "Danner" type, the travel between the deployed position and the retracted position either sufficient for the means 20 to absorb almost all of the energy caused by the shock. So the parts before 22 and rear 24 are not deformed and cause no damage on the vehicle body 18 or on the vertical panel 26.
  • the absorption device may include means 40 forming a fuse between the front part 22 and the rear part 24 of the upper plate 14.
  • the means 40 forming a fuse used to immobilize the front 22 and rear 24 parts, one compared to the other in normal use, and when the shock applied on the skin of the shield 12 causes a longitudinal force which is less than a predetermined effort.
  • the means forming a fuse 40 are released automatically, and the rear part 24 translates, forward, relative to the front part 22.
  • the fuse means 40 are determined so that the application of the predetermined force on the shield skin 12 does not cause plastic deformation of the device absorption. Thus, the effort which allows their release must provide a stress which is lower than the strain stress shield skin 12 and / or top plate 14.
  • the fuse means 40 may include a first lower friction face 36 of the front part 22 and a second upper friction face 38 of the rear part 24 of the upper plate. Resistant efforts due to friction between the first face 36 and the second face 38 allow the rear part 24 to be immobilized as long as the impact applied to the shield skin 12 produces a force less than the predetermined effort.
  • the fuse means 40 comprise a pin 42.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 represent the absorption device, in the deployed position, provided with the pin 42.
  • pin 42 When an impact is applied to the shield skin 12 in the direction indicated by arrow 44, pin 42 is subjected to a shearing force which causes a shear stress. As long as this constraint is less than the value of the breaking strength of the pin 42, the rear part 24 and the skin of the shield 12 are immobilized with respect to the front part 22 of the plate upper 12.
  • the pin 42 breaks when the stress of shear becomes greater than the resistance value to the rupture.
  • the rear part 24 then translates forward until the retracted position shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the value of the breaking strength of pin 42 is advantageously equal to the value of the predetermined effort.
  • the means forming a fuse 40 have two complementary forms, one male, the other female which are made on the underside 36 of the part front 22 and on the upper face 38 of the rear part 24 of the upper plate 12 respectively.
  • the two complementary forms are nested one inside the other:
  • the male shape of the underside 36 retracts or breaks so as to allow the translation of the part rear 24 forward to the retracted position.
  • the invention allows, for a shock corresponding to those of absorption tests of the "Danner” type to decrease sharply or even to remove plastic deformations from the absorption device and thus greatly limit damage to the vehicle.
  • the invention is described above for a shield rear of a motor vehicle. However, the invention finds also to be applied to a front bumper, the vertical panel 26 can then be the front edge of the engine cover.

Abstract

The shock absorbing device comprises a transverse cowl skin (12) which receives the shock impact and an upper horizontal plate (14) extending opposite a fixed part of the vehicle bodywork (18). Energy absorbers (20) are interposed longitudinally between the skin and the bodywork. The cowl skin can move translationally relative to the upper plate between a rear deployed position and a front retracted position in the event of a collision.

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'absorption de choc pour un véhicule automobile.The invention relates to a shock absorption device for a motor vehicle.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un dispositif d'absorption de choc pour un véhicule automobile du type composé d'une peau de bouclier transversal, d'une plaque supérieure et de moyens d'absorption d'énergie.The invention relates more particularly to a device shock absorption for a motor vehicle of the type composed of a transverse shield skin, a plate energy absorption means.

La réglementation en vigueur impose des contraintes de sécurité importantes. Les véhicules doivent absorber de plus en plus d'énergie en cas de choc pour protéger les passagers du véhicule, les piétons qui peuvent être victimes d'accidents, ainsi que pour diminuer le coût des dégâts provoqués sur le véhicule.The regulations in force impose constraints on important security. Vehicles must absorb more and more more energy in the event of an impact to protect passengers vehicle, pedestrians who may be victims of accidents, as well only to decrease the cost of damage to the vehicle.

Des normes permettent d'évaluer le "niveau" de sécurité des véhicules. Il s'agit notamment des essais d'absorption de chocs du type "Danner". Ce test consiste à soumettre un véhicule à un choc frontal à une vitesse de 15 kilomètres par heure sur une surface d'impact correspondant à 40% de la surface du bouclier ou pare-chocs du véhicule. Les dégâts produits par le choc sont alors constatés. Plus les dégâts sont importants, plus les coûts d'assurance du véhicule sont élevés.Standards assess security "level" cars. These include absorption tests for "Danner" type shocks. This test involves submitting a vehicle to a frontal impact at a speed of 15 kilometers per hour on an impact surface corresponding to 40% of the surface of the vehicle shield or bumper. The damage produced by the shock are then noted. The greater the damage, the more vehicle insurance costs are high.

La quantité d'énergie absorbée par le véhicule dépend notamment des matériaux utilisés ainsi que de leur disposition et leurs dimensions.The amount of energy absorbed by the vehicle depends including the materials used and their arrangement and their dimensions.

Actuellement, les véhicules automobiles sont équipés d'un bouclier arrière constitué d'une peau de bouclier transversal destinée à recevoir l'impact d'un choc et d'une plaque supérieure d'orientation globalement horizontale dont un bord transversal s'étend en regard d'une partie fixe de la caisse du véhicule. Des moyens d'absorption énergie sont interposés longitudinalement entre la peau de bouclier et la caisse du véhicule afin d'absorber l'énergie mécanique résultante d'un choc sur la peau de bouclier.Currently, motor vehicles are equipped with a rear shield made of a transverse shield skin intended to receive the impact of a shock and a top plate overall horizontal orientation including a transverse edge extends opposite a fixed part of the vehicle body. Of energy absorption means are interposed longitudinally between the shield skin and the vehicle body in order to absorb the mechanical energy resulting from an impact on the shield skin.

Lors d'un choc, notamment d'un choc sur le bouclier arrière du véhicule, la peau de bouclier ainsi que la plaque supérieure se déplacent vers l'avant jusqu'à ce que le bord transversal avant de la plaque supérieure vienne en contact avec la partie fixe de la caisse. Lorsque, à cet instant, la totalité de l'énergie fournit par le choc n'est pas totalement absorbée, la peau de bouclier continue son déplacement vers l'avant provoquant alors la déformation de la plaque supérieure. Dans la plupart des cas, la plaque supérieure se déforme dans une direction verticale formant des arrêtes saillantes, dites "en accordéon", qui viennent percuter et abímer la partie inférieure de l'élément de carrosserie, notamment du hayon arrière du véhicule.During an impact, in particular an impact on the rear bumper of the vehicle, the shield skin as well as the upper plate move forward until the front transverse edge of the upper plate comes into contact with the fixed part of the checkout. When, at this instant, all of the energy supplied by the shock is not fully absorbed, the shield skin continues its forward movement then causing the deformation of the top plate. In most cases, the plaque upper deforms in a vertical direction forming protruding edges, known as "accordion", which strike and damage the lower part of the bodywork element, in particular the tailgate of the vehicle.

Ainsi, un choc même à faible vitesse peut provoquer des dégâts coûteux sur des organes tels que le hayon arrière.Thus, a shock even at low speed can cause costly damage to organs such as the tailgate.

Dans le but de fournir une solution à ce problème, l'invention propose un dispositif d'absorption de choc pour véhicule automobile du type comportant un corps composé d'une peau de bouclier transversal destinée à recevoir l'impact d'un choc et d'une plaque supérieure d'orientation globalement horizontale dont un bord transversal avant s'étend en regard d'une partie fixe de la caisse du véhicule, et du type comportant des moyens d'absorption d'énergie interposés longitudinalement entre la peau de bouclier et la caisse du véhicule, caractérisé en ce que la peau de bouclier est montée mobile en translation par rapport à la plaque supérieure entre une position arrière déployée et une position avant escamotée en cas de choc.In order to provide a solution to this problem, the invention provides a shock absorption device for motor vehicle of the type comprising a body composed of a transverse shield skin intended to receive the impact of a shock and a top orientation plate overall horizontal with a front transverse edge extending opposite a fixed part of the vehicle body, and of the type comprising energy absorption means interposed longitudinally between the shield skin and the vehicle body, characterized by that the shield skin is mounted movable in translation by relation to the upper plate between a rear deployed position and a front position retracted in the event of an impact.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • la plaque supérieure comporte une partie avant fixe et une partie arrière réalisée en une pièce avec la peau du bouclier, et la partie arrière de la plaque supérieure est montée coulissante par rapport à la partie avant ;
  • le bord transversal arrière de la partie avant de la plaque supérieure s'arrête en arrière d'un panneau vertical de carrosserie ;
  • le dispositif comporte des moyens formant fusible entre la partie avant et la partie arrière de la plaque supérieure qui se libère automatiquement en cas d'un choc qui provoque un effort longitudinal supérieur à un effort prédéterminé ;
  • les moyens formant fusible comportent une première face de frottement de la partie avant de la plaque en contact avec une seconde face de frottement de la partie arrière de la plaque, et les efforts résistants dus aux frottements entre la première et la seconde faces de frottement sont sensiblement égaux à l'effort prédéterminé, de façon que la partie arrière de la plaque se translate lorsqu'elle est soumise à un effort supérieur ou égal à l'effort prédéterminé ;
  • les moyens formant fusible comportent une goupille dont la valeur de la résistance à la rupture est sensiblement égale à la valeur de l'effort prédéterminé ;
  • les moyens formant fusible comportent au moins deux formes complémentaires réalisées dans la partie avant et la partie arrière de la plaque supérieure respectivement, emboítée l'une dans l'autre en position déployée et qui s'escamotent ou se cassent lorsque la partie arrière de la plaque supérieure est soumise à l'effort prédéterminé.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the upper plate has a fixed front part and a rear part made in one piece with the skin of the shield, and the rear part of the upper plate is slidably mounted relative to the front part;
  • the rear transverse edge of the front part of the upper plate stops behind a vertical body panel;
  • the device comprises means forming a fuse between the front part and the rear part of the upper plate which is automatically released in the event of a shock which causes a longitudinal force greater than a predetermined force;
  • the fuse-forming means comprise a first friction face of the front part of the plate in contact with a second friction face of the rear part of the plate, and the resistive forces due to friction between the first and the second friction faces are substantially equal to the predetermined force, so that the rear part of the plate translates when it is subjected to a force greater than or equal to the predetermined force;
  • the fuse means comprise a pin, the value of the breaking strength of which is substantially equal to the value of the predetermined force;
  • the fuse means comprise at least two complementary shapes made in the front part and the rear part of the upper plate respectively, fitted one into the other in the deployed position and which retract or break when the rear part of the upper plate is subjected to the predetermined force.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels:

  • la figure 1 représente en perspective la partie arrière d'un véhicule équipé d'un dispositif d'absorption de choc selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en section par un plan longitudinal et vertical du dispositif d'absorption de choc réalisé selon l'invention, en position déployée ;
  • la figure 3 représente en coupe et en détail les moyens formant fusible entre la partie avant et la partie arrière de la plaque supérieure, lorsque le dispositif d'absorption est en position déployée ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue similaire à celle représentée à la figure 2 le dispositif d'absorption étant représenté en positon escamotée ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue similaire à celle représentée à la figure 3, le dispositif d'absorption étant représenté en position escamotée.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings among which:
  • Figure 1 shows in perspective the rear part of a vehicle equipped with a shock absorption device according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view through a longitudinal and vertical plane of the shock absorption device produced according to the invention, in the deployed position;
  • Figure 3 shows in section and in detail the means forming a fuse between the front part and the rear part of the upper plate, when the absorption device is in the deployed position;
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to that shown in Figure 2 the absorption device being shown in the retracted position;
  • Figure 5 is a view similar to that shown in Figure 3, the absorption device being shown in the retracted position.

Dans la suite de la description on utilisera, à titre non limitatif, une orientation d'avant en arrière conformément de gauche à droite selon les figures 2 à 5.In the following description, we will not use limiting, orientation from front to back in accordance with left to right according to Figures 2 to 5.

On a représenté sur la figure 1 une portion inférieure de la partie arrière d'un véhicule automobile équipé d'un dispositif d'absorption de chocs 10 selon l'invention, illustré en position arrière déployée.FIG. 1 shows a lower portion of the rear part of a motor vehicle fitted with a device of shock absorption 10 according to the invention, illustrated in position rear deployed.

Le dispositif d'absorption comprend principalement une peau de bouclier transversal 12 qui est destiné à recevoir l'impact d'un choc, une plaque supérieure 14 d'orientation globalement horizontale dont un bord transversal avant 16 s'étend en regard d'une partie fixe 18 de la caisse du véhicule, et des moyens d'absorption d'énergie 20 disposés à l'avant de la peau de bouclier 12.The absorption device mainly comprises a transverse shield skin 12 which is intended to receive the impact shock, an upper plate 14 generally oriented horizontal with a front transverse edge 16 extending opposite a fixed part 18 of the vehicle body, and means of energy absorption 20 arranged at the front of the skin of shield 12.

Ces trois éléments sont placés transversalement par rapport au déplacement longitudinal du véhicule.These three elements are placed transversely by relative to the longitudinal displacement of the vehicle.

Les moyens d'absorption d'énergie 20 peuvent, par exemple et de manière connue, être constitués d'une structure en nid d'abeille, d'une mousse en matériau amortissant, etc.The energy absorption means 20 can, for example example and in known manner, be made up of a structure in honeycomb, foam material, etc.

Conformément à l'invention, la plaque supérieure 14 comporte une partie avant fixe 22 et une partie arrière mobile 24 qui est réalisée en une seule pièce avec la peau du bouclier 12.According to the invention, the upper plate 14 has a fixed front part 22 and a movable rear part 24 which is made in one piece with the skin of the shield 12.

La partie arrière 24 de la plaque supérieure 14 est montée coulissante longitudinalement par rapport à la partie avant 22.The rear part 24 of the upper plate 14 is mounted sliding longitudinally with respect to the front part 22.

Dans l'exemple présenté, un panneau transversal et vertical 26 de carrosserie, tel qu'un hayon arrière, est représenté en position fermée. Sa paroi avant 28 vient en contact avec un élément d'étanchéité 29 de façon à isoler l'intérieur du coffre 32 ou de l'habitacle du véhicule contre des éléments tels que de la poussière ou de l'eau.In the example shown, a cross panel and vertical body 26, such as a tailgate, is shown in the closed position. Its front wall 28 comes into contact with a sealing element 29 so as to isolate the interior of the boot 32 or the passenger compartment of the vehicle against elements such as dust or water.

La paroi inférieure horizontale 34 du panneau vertical 26 s'étend en avant d'un bord transversal arrière 30 de la partie avant 22 de la plaque supérieure 14.The horizontal bottom wall 34 of the vertical panel 26 extends in front of a rear transverse edge 30 of the part front 22 of the top plate 14.

En cas d'un choc dirigé de l'arrière vers l'avant sur la peau de bouclier 12, la partie arrière 24 de la plaque supérieure 14 se translate vers l'avant avec le bouclier 12.In the event of a shock directed from back to front on the skin shield 12, the rear part 24 of the upper plate 14 is translate forward with shield 12.

Au cours de cette translation, les moyens d'absorption d'énergie 20 permettent de dissiper au moins une partie de l'énergie de choc, par exemple, par déformation plastique des matériaux les constituant.During this translation, the absorption means of energy 20 make it possible to dissipate at least part of shock energy, for example, by plastic deformation of constituent materials.

La translation se poursuit jusqu'à ce que la peau de bouclier 12, et la partie arrière 24 soient dans une position escamotée, c'est la position dans laquelle la translation vers l'avant de la partie arrière 24 par rapport à la partie avant 22 n'est plus possible.The translation continues until the skin of shield 12, and the rear part 24 are in a position retracted, this is the position in which the translation towards the front of the rear part 24 relative to the front part 22 is not no more possible.

Les moyens d'absorption énergie 20 sont déterminés, de préférence, pour que, lors d'un essai de choc du type "Danner", la course entre la position déployée et la position escamotée soit suffisante pour que les moyens 20 absorbent la quasi-totalité de l'énergie provoquée par le choc. Ainsi, les parties avant 22 et arrière 24 ne sont pas déformées et ne provoquent aucun dégât sur la caisse 18 du véhicule ou sur le panneau vertical 26.The energy absorption means 20 are determined, from preferably, so that, during an impact test of the "Danner" type, the travel between the deployed position and the retracted position either sufficient for the means 20 to absorb almost all of the energy caused by the shock. So the parts before 22 and rear 24 are not deformed and cause no damage on the vehicle body 18 or on the vertical panel 26.

Le dispositif d'absorption peut comporter des moyens 40 formant fusible entre la partie avant 22 et la partie arrière 24 de la plaque supérieure 14. Les moyens 40 formant fusible permettent d'immobiliser les parties avant 22 et arrière 24 l'une par rapport à l'autre en usage normal, et lorsque le choc appliqué sur la peau du bouclier 12 provoque un effort longitudinal qui est inférieur à un effort prédéterminé.The absorption device may include means 40 forming a fuse between the front part 22 and the rear part 24 of the upper plate 14. The means 40 forming a fuse used to immobilize the front 22 and rear 24 parts, one compared to the other in normal use, and when the shock applied on the skin of the shield 12 causes a longitudinal force which is less than a predetermined effort.

Lorsque le choc appliqué provoque un effort qui est supérieur à l'effort prédéterminé, les moyens formant fusible 40 se libèrent automatiquement, et la partie arrière 24 se translate, vers l'avant, par rapport à la partie avant 22.When the shock applied causes an effort which is greater than the predetermined force, the means forming a fuse 40 are released automatically, and the rear part 24 translates, forward, relative to the front part 22.

Les moyens formant fusible 40 sont déterminés de façon que l'application de l'effort prédéterminé sur la peau de bouclier 12 ne provoque pas de déformation plastique du dispositif d'absorption. Ainsi, l'effort qui permet leur libération doit fournir une contrainte qui est inférieure à la contrainte de déformation plastique de la peau de bouclier 12 et/ou de la plaque supérieure 14.The fuse means 40 are determined so that the application of the predetermined force on the shield skin 12 does not cause plastic deformation of the device absorption. Thus, the effort which allows their release must provide a stress which is lower than the strain stress shield skin 12 and / or top plate 14.

Les moyens formant fusible 40 peuvent comporter une première face de frottement inférieure 36 de la partie avant 22 et une seconde face de frottement supérieure 38 de la partie arrière 24 de la plaque supérieure. Les efforts résistants dus aux frottements entre la première face 36 et la seconde face 38 permettent d'immobiliser la partie arrière 24 tant que le choc appliqué sur la peau de bouclier 12 produit un effort inférieur à l'effort prédéterminé.The fuse means 40 may include a first lower friction face 36 of the front part 22 and a second upper friction face 38 of the rear part 24 of the upper plate. Resistant efforts due to friction between the first face 36 and the second face 38 allow the rear part 24 to be immobilized as long as the impact applied to the shield skin 12 produces a force less than the predetermined effort.

Selon une variante, conformément aux figures 2 à 5, les moyens formant fusible 40 comportent une goupille 42.According to a variant, in accordance with FIGS. 2 to 5, the fuse means 40 comprise a pin 42.

Les figures 2 et 3 représentent le dispositif d'absorption, en position déployée, muni de la goupille 42. Lorsqu'un choc est appliqué sur la peau de bouclier 12 dans la direction indiquée par la flèche 44, la goupille 42 est soumise à un effort tranchant qui provoque une contrainte de cisaillement. Tant que cette contrainte est inférieure à la valeur de la résistance à la rupture de la goupille 42, la partie arrière 24 et la peau du bouclier 12 sont immobilisées par rapport à la partie avant 22 de la plaque supérieure 12.FIGS. 2 and 3 represent the absorption device, in the deployed position, provided with the pin 42. When an impact is applied to the shield skin 12 in the direction indicated by arrow 44, pin 42 is subjected to a shearing force which causes a shear stress. As long as this constraint is less than the value of the breaking strength of the pin 42, the rear part 24 and the skin of the shield 12 are immobilized with respect to the front part 22 of the plate upper 12.

La goupille 42 se rompt lorsque la contrainte de cisaillement devient supérieure à la valeur de résistance à la rupture. La partie arrière 24 se translate alors vers l'avant jusqu'à la position escamotée représentée aux figures 4 et 5.The pin 42 breaks when the stress of shear becomes greater than the resistance value to the rupture. The rear part 24 then translates forward until the retracted position shown in Figures 4 and 5.

La valeur de la résistance à la rupture de la goupille 42 est avantageusement égale à la valeur de l'effort prédéterminé. The value of the breaking strength of pin 42 is advantageously equal to the value of the predetermined effort.

Selon une autre variante, les moyens formant fusible 40 comportent deux formes complémentaires l'une mâle, l'autre femelle qui sont réalisées sur la face inférieure 36 de la partie avant 22 et sur la face supérieure 38 de la partie arrière 24 de la plaque supérieure 12 respectivement.According to another variant, the means forming a fuse 40 have two complementary forms, one male, the other female which are made on the underside 36 of the part front 22 and on the upper face 38 of the rear part 24 of the upper plate 12 respectively.

En position déployée, les deux formes complémentaires sont emboítées l'une dans l'autre: Lorsque la peau de bouclier 12 est soumise à un choc dont l'effort est supérieur à l'effort prédéterminé, la forme mâle de la face inférieure 36 s'escamote ou se casse de façon à permettre la translation de la partie arrière 24 vers l'avant jusqu'à la position escamotée.In the deployed position, the two complementary forms are nested one inside the other: When the shield skin 12 is subjected to a shock whose effort is greater than the effort predetermined, the male shape of the underside 36 retracts or breaks so as to allow the translation of the part rear 24 forward to the retracted position.

L'invention permet, pour un choc correspondant à ceux des essais d'absorption du type "Danner" de diminuer fortement, voire de supprimer, les déformations plastiques du dispositif d'absorption et ainsi de limiter fortement les dégâts sur le véhicule.The invention allows, for a shock corresponding to those of absorption tests of the "Danner" type to decrease sharply or even to remove plastic deformations from the absorption device and thus greatly limit damage to the vehicle.

L'invention est décrite précédemment pour un bouclier arrière d'un véhicule automobile. Cependant, l'invention trouve aussi à s'appliquer à un bouclier avant, le panneau vertical 26 pouvant alors être le bord avant du capot du moteur.The invention is described above for a shield rear of a motor vehicle. However, the invention finds also to be applied to a front bumper, the vertical panel 26 can then be the front edge of the engine cover.

Claims (7)

Dispositif d'absorption de choc (10) pour véhicule automobile du type comportant un corps composé d'une peau de bouclier transversal (12) destinée à recevoir l'impact d'un choc et d'une plaque supérieure (14) d'orientation globalement horizontale dont un bord transversal avant (16) s'étend en regard d'une partie fixe (18) de la caisse du véhicule, et du type comportant des moyens d'absorption d'énergie (20) interposés longitudinalement entre la peau de bouclier (12) et la caisse du véhicule, caractérisé en ce que la peau de bouclier (12) est montée mobile en translation par rapport à la plaque supérieure (14) entre une position arrière déployée et une position avant escamotée en cas de choc.Shock absorption device (10) for vehicle automobile of the type comprising a body composed of a skin of transverse shield (12) intended to receive the impact of a shock and an upper plate (14) of generally horizontal orientation a front transverse edge (16) of which extends opposite a fixed part (18) of the vehicle body, and of the type comprising energy absorption means (20) interposed longitudinally between the shield skin (12) and the vehicle body, characterized in that the shield skin (12) is mounted movable in translation relative to the upper plate (14) between a rear position deployed and a front position retracted in case of choc. Dispositif d'absorption de choc (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la plaque supérieure (14) comporte une partie avant fixe (22) et une partie arrière (24) réalisée en une pièce avec la peau du bouclier (12), et en ce que la partie arrière (24) de la plaque supérieure (14) est montée coulissante par rapport à la partie avant (22).Shock absorption device (10) according to the claim 1, characterized in that the upper plate (14) has a fixed front part (22) and a rear part (24) made in one piece with the skin of the shield (12), and in that the rear part (24) of the upper plate (14) is mounted sliding relative to the front part (22). Dispositif d'absorption de choc (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé ce que le bord transversal arrière (30) de la partie avant (22) de la plaque supérieure (14) s'arrête en arrière d'un panneau vertical (26) de carrosserie.Shock absorption device (10) according to the previous claim, characterized in that the transverse edge rear (30) of the front part (22) of the upper plate (14) stops behind a vertical body panel (26). Dispositif d'absorption de choc (10) selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens formant fusible (40) entre la partie avant (22) et la partie arrière (24) de la plaque supérieure (14) qui se libère automatiquement en cas d'un choc qui provoque un effort longitudinal supérieur à un effort prédéterminé.Shock absorption device (10) according to one of Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises fuse means (40) between the front part (22) and the part rear (24) of the top plate (14) which is released automatically in the event of a shock which causes a longitudinal force greater than a predetermined effort. Dispositif d'absorption de choc (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les moyens formant fusible (40) comportent une première face de frottement (36) de la partie avant (22) de la plaque (14) en contact avec une seconde face de frottement (38) de la partie arrière (24) de la plaque (14), et en ce que les efforts résistants dus aux frottements entre la première (36) et la seconde (38) faces de frottement sont sensiblement égaux à l'effort prédéterminé, de façon que la partie arrière (22) de la plaque (14) se translate lorsqu'elle est soumise à un effort supérieur ou égal à l'effort prédéterminé.Shock absorption device (10) according to the previous claim, characterized in that the means forming a fuse (40) have a first friction face (36) of the front part (22) of the plate (14) in contact with a second friction face (38) of the rear part (24) of the plate (14), and in that the resistant forces due to friction between the first (36) and the second (38) faces of friction are substantially equal to the predetermined force, of so that the rear part (22) of the plate (14) translates when it is subjected to an effort greater than or equal to the effort predetermined. Dispositif d'absorption de choc (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens formant fusible (40) comportent une goupille (42) dont la valeur de la résistance à la rupture est sensiblement égale à la valeur de l'effort prédéterminé.Shock absorption device (10) according to one any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the fuse means (40) comprise a pin (42), the value of the breaking strength is substantially equal to the value of the predetermined effort. Dispositif d'absorption de choc (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens formant fusible (40) comportent au moins deux formes complémentaires réalisées dans la partie avant (22) et la partie arrière (24) de la plaque supérieure (14) respectivement, emboítée l'une dans l'autre en position déployée et qui s'escamotent ou se cassent lorsque la partie arrière (24) de la plaque supérieure (14) est soumise à l'effort prédéterminé.Shock absorption device (10) according to one any of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the fuse means (40) have at least two forms complementary made in the front part (22) and the part rear (24) of the upper plate (14) respectively, nested one inside the other in the deployed position and which retract or break when the rear part (24) of the upper plate (14) is subjected to the predetermined force.
EP01400147A 2000-01-27 2001-01-19 Shock absorbing device for a motor vehicle Withdrawn EP1120319A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0001029A FR2804390B1 (en) 2000-01-27 2000-01-27 SHOCK ABSORBING DEVICE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
FR0001029 2000-01-27

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EP1120319A1 true EP1120319A1 (en) 2001-08-01

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EP01400147A Withdrawn EP1120319A1 (en) 2000-01-27 2001-01-19 Shock absorbing device for a motor vehicle

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FR2887828A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-05 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa OPENING FOR MOTOR VEHICLE AND MOTOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH AN OPENER
DE102008045893A1 (en) * 2008-09-04 2010-03-18 Audi Ag Bumper for motor vehicle, particularly for rear area, has bumper casing, and transverse beam connected directly with body of motor vehicle, and guide element is provided, which is connected directly with body
DE102009057835A1 (en) * 2009-12-10 2011-06-16 Audi Ag Bumper for motor vehicle, has support part and cladding part held at support part, where support part is designed to enable movement of cladding part and to absorb impact energy by deformation

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EP0025556A1 (en) * 1979-09-12 1981-03-25 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. An impact absorbing bumper unit for a vehicle
JPS60209344A (en) * 1984-04-04 1985-10-21 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Bumper structure for automobile
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2887828A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-05 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa OPENING FOR MOTOR VEHICLE AND MOTOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH AN OPENER
WO2007003831A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-11 Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA Motor vehicle door and a motor vehicle provided therewith
DE102008045893A1 (en) * 2008-09-04 2010-03-18 Audi Ag Bumper for motor vehicle, particularly for rear area, has bumper casing, and transverse beam connected directly with body of motor vehicle, and guide element is provided, which is connected directly with body
DE102008045893B4 (en) * 2008-09-04 2014-03-13 Audi Ag Bumper for a motor vehicle
DE102009057835A1 (en) * 2009-12-10 2011-06-16 Audi Ag Bumper for motor vehicle, has support part and cladding part held at support part, where support part is designed to enable movement of cladding part and to absorb impact energy by deformation
DE102009057835B4 (en) * 2009-12-10 2014-07-24 Audi Ag Bumper for a motor vehicle

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FR2804390A1 (en) 2001-08-03

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