EP1105573A1 - Systeme a microparticules intervenant dans la fabrication du papier - Google Patents

Systeme a microparticules intervenant dans la fabrication du papier

Info

Publication number
EP1105573A1
EP1105573A1 EP99932370A EP99932370A EP1105573A1 EP 1105573 A1 EP1105573 A1 EP 1105573A1 EP 99932370 A EP99932370 A EP 99932370A EP 99932370 A EP99932370 A EP 99932370A EP 1105573 A1 EP1105573 A1 EP 1105573A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnish
saponite
polymer
drainage
paper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99932370A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1105573A4 (fr
Inventor
Jose M. Rodriguez
Craig W. Vaughan
Daniel J. Panfil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Calgon Corp
Original Assignee
Calgon Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Calgon Corp filed Critical Calgon Corp
Publication of EP1105573A1 publication Critical patent/EP1105573A1/fr
Publication of EP1105573A4 publication Critical patent/EP1105573A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/06—Paper forming aids
    • D21H21/10—Retention agents or drainage improvers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/14—Secondary fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
    • D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/04—Addition to the pulp; After-treatment of added substances in the pulp
    • D21H23/06—Controlling the addition
    • D21H23/14—Controlling the addition by selecting point of addition or time of contact between components

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved microparticle system and to a method using the improved microparticle system as an aid in making a paper product, i.e., paper or paperboard, with improved properties in the areas of retention, drainage, and sheet formation.
  • a dilute aqueous composition known as "furnish” or “stock” is sprayed onto a moving mesh known as a "wire”.
  • Solid components of this composition such as cellulosic fibers and inorganic particulate filler material, are drained or filtered by the wire to form a paper sheet.
  • the percentage of solid material retained on the wire is known as the "first pass retention" of the paper making process .
  • Retention is believed to be a function of different mechanisms, such as filtration by mechanical entrainment, electrostatic attraction, and bridging between the fibers and the fillers in the furnish. Because both the cellulosic fibers and many common filler materials are negatively charged, they are mutually repellent. Generally, the only factor tending to enhance retention is mechanical entrainment. Therefore, a retention aid is generally used to improve retention of the fibers and fillers on the wire.
  • Drainage relates to the rate of removal of water from the furnish as the paper sheet is formed. Drainage usually refers only to water removal which takes place before any pressing of the paper sheet subsequent to formation of the sheet. Thus, drainage aids are used to improve the overall efficiency of dewatering in the production of paper or paperboard.
  • Formation relates to the formation of the paper or paperboard sheet produced from the paper making process. Formation is generally evaluated by the variance of light transmission within a paper sheet. A high variance is indicative of "poor” formation and low variance is generally indicative of "good” formation. Generally, as the retention level increases, the level of formation generally decreases from good formation to poor formation.
  • Retention and drainage aids are additives which are used to flocculate the fine solid material present in the furnish to improve these parameters in the paper making process . The use of such additives is limited by the effect of flocculation on the paper sheet formation.
  • retention aid is added so the size of the aggregates of the fine solid material is increased, then this generally results in variations in the density of the paper sheet which, as stated hereinabove, may result in what is referred to as "poor" sheet formation. Over-flocculation can also affect drainage as it may eventually lead to holes in the sheet and a subsequent loss of vacuum pressure in the later stages of dewatering during the paper making process.
  • retention and drainage aids are generally of three types, viz:
  • microparticle systems which may be used with a flocculant and/or a coagulant.
  • a microparticle system may generally give the best result as a retention and drainage aid, and has been widely described in the prior art.
  • Examples of publications of microparticle systems include: EP-B-235, 893 wherein bentonite is used as the inorganic material in conjunction with a high molecular weight cationic polymer in a specified addition sequence; WO-A-94/26972 wherein a vinylamide polymer is described for use in conjunction with one of various inorganic materials such as silica, bentonite, china clay, and organic materials; O-A-97/16598 wherein kaolin is described for use in conjunction with one of various cationic polymers; and EPO 805234 wherein bentonite, silica or acrylate polymer is used in conjunction with a cationic dispersion polymer .
  • microparticle systems which include bentonite as being an inorganic material are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos . 4,749,444; 4,753,710; 4,913,775; 4,969,976; 5,126,014; 5,234,548; 5,393,381; 5,415,740; 5,514,249; and 5,532,308.
  • These several microparticle systems employ a flocculant and/or a coagulant added to the wet end of a paper machine along with the inorganic material in a specified addition sequence.
  • a microparticle system including a water swellable smectite clay used with an anionic polymer dispersant is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,015,334.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,178,730 discloses a microparticle system comprising hectorite used in conjunction with a medium or high molecular weight cationic polymer.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,194,120 discloses the use of a synthetic amorphous magnesium silicate, e.g., laponite, in conjunction with a medium or high molecular weight cationic polymer.
  • microparticle systems are added in the wet end of the paper machine in a specified addition sequence relative to one or more shearing stages, for instance cleaning, mixing, and pumping stages such as those typified by centriscreens, vortex cleaners, fan pumps, and mixing pumps.
  • shearing stages for instance cleaning, mixing, and pumping stages such as those typified by centriscreens, vortex cleaners, fan pumps, and mixing pumps.
  • bentonite is used loosely and generally should not be considered as including saponite, more about which will be discussed hereinafter.
  • a microparticle system generally comprises a polymer flocculant with or without a cationic coagulant and a fine inorganic particulate material .
  • the inorganic material improves the efficiency of the flocculant and/or allows smaller, more uniform floes to be produced.
  • the present invention has met this above described need.
  • the present invention relates to a microparticle system used as a retention and drainage aid in a paper making process.
  • a method of producing paper which comprises adding to a paper stock or furnish a microparticle system as a retention and/or drainage aid which comprises a high molecular weight polymer flocculant and an inorganic particulate material, wherein the inorganic particulate material comprises aluminum substituted trioctahedral minerals, e.g., saponite.
  • microparticle composition which may be added to a paper stock or furnish as a retention and/or drainage aid, and which microparticle composition comprises a high molecular weight polymer flocculant and an inorganic particulate material, wherein the inorganic particulate material comprises aluminum substituted trioctahedral minerals, e.g., saponite.
  • a paper or a paperboard product with improved properties in the area of retention, drainage and formation wherein the paper or paperboard product is made by adding an improved microparticle system to an aqueous cellulosic paper stock or furnish wherein the microparticle system comprises a high molecular weight polymer flocculant and an inorganic material comprising aluminum substituted trioctahedral minerals, e.g., saponite .
  • a fourth aspect of the invention involves a process in which paper or paperboard is made by forming an aqueous cellulosic paper furnish comprising: (a) adding to the thin stock flow of the paper furnish a high molecular weight polymer flocculant after a first shearing stage and an inorganic particulate material comprising aluminum substituted trioctahedral minerals, e.g., saponite, after a second shearing stage to the thin stock flow of the paper furnish;
  • Figure 1 is a sketch illustrating a portion of a typical paper machine and the points ⁇ f addition of the components of the microparticle system of the present invention in a preferred form.
  • Figure 2 is a three-dimensional surface graph showing drainage vs. polymer dosage vs. saponite dosage for saponite Sample 1, 5% clay filler of the first set of examples .
  • Figure 3 is a three-dimensional surface graph showing drainage vs. polymer dosage vs. saponite dosage for saponite Sample 1, 20% clay filler of the first set of examples.
  • Figure 4 is a three-dimensional surface graph showing drainage vs. polymer dosage vs. saponite dosage for saponite Sample 2, 20% clay filler of the first set of examples.
  • Figure 5 is a two-dimensional graph showing the turbidity of a sample containing saponite vs. a sample not containing saponite.
  • Figure 6 is a graph plotting the results for drainage, MK formation and first pass ash retention (FPAR (%)) for Examples 5-8 of the present invention in the second set of examples.
  • Figure 7 is a graph plotting the results for drainage, MK formation, and first pass ash retention (FPAR (%) ) for Examples 9-12 of the present invention in the second set of examples .
  • the instant invention is directed to a microparticle system as a retention and/or drainage aid for particular use in the wet end of a paper machine in the paper making process for both acid and alkaline fine paper.
  • paper includes products comprising a cellulosic sheet material' including paper sheet, paper board and the like.
  • microparticle system or composition refers to the combination of at least one hydrophilic polymer and at least one inorganic particulate material.
  • the components of this combination may be added together to the stock or furnish to be treated, but are preferably added separately in the manner and order described hereinbelow.
  • the invention can be carried out using a conventional paper making machine.
  • the furnish or "thin stock” that is drained to form the paper sheet is often made by diluting a thick stock which typically has been made in a mixing vessel or chest by blending pigment or filler material, the appropriate fiber, any desired strengthening agent and/or other additives, and water which may be recycled water.
  • the thin stock may be cleaned in a conventional manner, e.g., using a vortex cleaner. Usually the thin stock is cleaned by passage through a centriscreen.
  • the thin stock is usually pumped along the paper machine by one or more centrifugal pumps known as fan pumps .
  • the thin stock may be pumped to the centriscreen by a first fan pump.
  • the thick stock can be diluted by water to form the thin stock prior to the point of entry to this first fan pump or prior to the first fan pump, e.g., by passing the thick stock and dilution water through a mixing pump.
  • the thin stock may be cleaned further by passage through a second centriscreen or pressure screen and passed through a head box prior to the sheet forming process of a paper machine.
  • the sheet forming process may be carried out by use of any conventional paper or paperboard forming machine, for example a flat wire fourdrinier, a- twin wire former, or a vat former or any combination of these forming machines .
  • An approach system to a paper machine may comprise the components shown in Figure 1. These components include a fan pump 1, a pressure screen 2, and a headbox 3.
  • the thick stock is diluted by water to the thin stock prior to entry into fan pump 1 by passing the thick stock and dilution water through a mixing pump [not shown] .
  • the thin stock is cleaned of contaminants by passage through pressure screen 2 and the thin stock that leaves pressure screen 2 is passed to headbox 3 prior to the sheet formation.
  • Figure 1 also illustrates the preferred points of addition for the components of the microparticle system of the present invention.
  • a cationic coagulant is used, it is added to the thin stock prior to the thin stock being passed through fan pump 1 which travel is indicated by arrow 4 and which addition is indicated by arrow 5.
  • the flocculant is added to the thin stock as it exits fan pump 1, as indicated by arrow 6, and the inorganic particulate material is added to the thin stock as the thin stock exits pressure screen 2 as indicated by arrow 7.
  • Fan pump 1 and pressure screen 2 produce high shear stages in the paper machine .
  • the high molecular weight flocculant polymer of the microparticle system is preferably added before the thin stock reaches the last point of high shear and the resultant thin stock is preferably sheared, e.g., at the last point of high shear, before adding the inorganic particulate material of the microparticle system.
  • the flocculant is shown as being 'added before the thin stock travels through pressure screen 2 and the microparticle is shown as being added after the stock passes through pressure screen 2.
  • the flocculant of the microparticle system of the invention is added to the thin stock (i.e. having a solids content of desirably not more than 2% or, at the most, 3% by weight) rather than to thick stock.
  • the flocculant may be added directly to the thin stock or it may be added to the dilution water that is used to convert thick stock to thin stock.
  • the high molecular weight flocculant polymer comprises an agent for aggregating the solids, especially the fines, in the paper making furnish.
  • fines means fine solid particles and fibers as defined in TAPPI Test Methods T261 and T269.
  • Flocculation of the fines of the furnish may be brought about by the high molecular weight polymer itself or by the high molecular weight polymer in combination with another agent, e.g., high charge density cationic coagulant. Flocculation of fines gives better retention of the fines in the fiber structure of the forming paper sheet, thereby giving improved dewatering or drainage.
  • the high molecular weight polymer flocculant is a polymer providing flocculant action preferably by itself.
  • Examples of high molecular weight polymer flocculants suitable for use herein are those having a weight average molecular weight of about 100,000 or more, especially 500,000 or more. Preferably, the molecular weight is about above 1 million and often above about 5 million, for instance in the range 10 to 30 million or more.
  • These polymers may be linear, branched, cationic, anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, or hydrophobically modified polymers of acrylamide or other nonionic monomers.
  • the amounts of high molecular weight polymer flocculant of the microparticle system- added to the stock or furnish in the present invention may be any amount sufficient to give a substantial effect in flocculating the solids, especially the fines, which are present in the stock or furnish.
  • the total amount of water soluble polymer added may be in the range of about 0.0025 wt . % to about 1.0 wt . %, more preferably in the range 0.01 wt . % to 0.2 wt . %, and most preferably in the range of about 0.025 wt. % to about 0.1 wt . % by weight (dry weight of polymer based on the dry weight of the solids present in the stock or furnish) .
  • the addition may be carried out in one or more doses at one or more addition sites and, preferably, is carried out in one dose to the thin stock flow after the fan pump which causes a high shear action.
  • the floes formed by the high molecular weight polymer flocculant are subjected to a shearing action before addition of the inorganic particulate material of the microparticle system.
  • this shearing action is induced by a pressure screen which causes a high shear action.
  • the amount of inorganic particulate material of the microparticle system added to the stock or furnish in the method according to the present invention may be in the range of about 0.005% to about 2.0%, and preferably in the range of about 0.05% to about 0.5% by dry weight (based on the dry weight of solids present) .
  • the addition may be carried out in one or more doses at one or more addition sites, but preferably in one dose, and preferably after the pressure screen 2 in Figure 1, and at least between pressure screen 2 and headbox 3.
  • the inorganic particulate material of the microparticle system of the invention preferably is saponite which is ; an aluminum substituted trioctahedral mineral .
  • the smectite family of clay minerals generally is a three layer mineral containing a central layer of alumina or magnesia octahedral sandwiched between two layers of silica tetrahedral. If the central octahedral layer comprises aluminum ions, then the smectite clay is referred to as a "di-octahedral" mineral. If the central octahedral layer comprises magnesium ions, then the smectite clay is referred to as a "trioctahedral" mineral.
  • the smectite clay minerals are differentiated in structure and chemical composition by what is referred to as "isomorphous substitution" in which a certain percentage of silicon atoms in the two outer tetrahedral layers and/or a certain percentage of aluminum or magnesium atoms in the central octahedral layer are replaced by different atoms.
  • the "base mineral" for the dioctahedral subclass is pyrophyllite which has no isomorphous substitution in either the octahedral or tetrahedral layer. As a consequence of having no interlayer cations or water, pyrophyllite does not swell. Montmorillonite, volchonskoite, beidellite, and nontronite fall under this pyrophyllite subclass with differing substitutions in the three layers.
  • montmorillonite is characterized by having some substitution of aluminum by magnesium in the octahedral layer (typically around 15-20% by number of atoms) .
  • Diellite has some substitution of silicon by aluminum in the tetrahedral layer.
  • Bentonite (Wyoming clay, Fullers Earth) is a rock type formed usually by weathering of volcanic ash which primarily contains montmorillonite and often some beidellite.
  • Nontronite has essentially complete substitution of aluminum by iron in the octahedral layer, and also some substitution of silicon by aluminum in the tetrahedral layer.
  • Volchonskoite is similar to nontronite, but contains chromium in the octahedral layer rather than iron. The bentonite of most of the prior art literature is this type of smectite clay, i.e., falling generally under montmorillonite .
  • the "base mineral" for the trioctahedral subclass containing no isomorphous substitution in either the central octahedral layer or the outer tetrahedral layers is talc, and as pyrophyllite shows no swelling behavior. Hectorite, saponite, sauconite, and oftentimes vermiculite fall under the trioctahedral subclass. Hectorite generally has some substitution of magnesium by lithium in the central octahedral layer. Saponite has some substitution of magnesium by aluminum in the central octahedral layer and also some substitution of silicon by aluminum in the outer tetrahedral layer.
  • the predominant atom in the central octahedral layer is zinc rather than magnesium, with some of the zinc atoms replaced by aluminum and some of the silicon atoms in the outer tetrahedral layers substituted by aluminum.
  • Vermiculite has a high degree of substitution of silicon by aluminum or iron with magnesium cations between the layers whereas most of the other naturally occurring smectites, such as those above have either calcium or sodium cations between the layers.
  • saponite is a trioctahedral clay mineral having an aluminum substitution in the central octahedral layer and in the outer tetrahedral layers.
  • saponite is the inorganic particulate material of the microparticle system of the present invention.
  • other aluminum substituted trioctahedral clay minerals such as sauconite and vermiculite can also be used.
  • trioctahedral minerals are distinguished from hectorites of the prior art in that hectorite contains a lithium substitution in the central octahedral layer and are distinguished from montormillonite, e.g., bentonite of the prior art in that montmorillonite is a dioctahedral mineral with magnesium substitution in the central octahedral layer.
  • the addition of the high molecular weight flocculant polymer generally will cause the formation of large floes of the suspended solids in the stock or furnish to which the polymer is added. These large floes are immediately or subsequently broken down by high shear to very small floes that are known in the art as "microfIocs" . This "high shear” may be induced by passing the flocced furnish through the pressure screen 2 of Figure 1.
  • a water soluble polymer generally lower in molecular weight than the flocculant may be employed as a coagulant by addition to the thick stock and preferably is added to the stock prior to the stock passing through fan pump 1.
  • This coagulant preferably, is a high charge density cationic polymer.
  • the coagulant polymer is a nitrogen containing cationic polymer, it may have a charge density of above 0.2, preferably, at least 0.35 and, most preferably, 0.4 to 2.5 or more, equivalents of nitrogen per kilogram of polymer.
  • the amount of cationic monomer will normally be above 2 mole % and usually above 5 mole % and preferably at least about 10 mole % based on the total amount of monomers used for forming the polymer.
  • Suitable cationic coagulants include: inorganic aluminum salts, polyaluminum chlorides (PAC) , polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride (p-DADMAC) ; polyalkylamines; cationic polymers of epichlorohydrin with dimethylamine and/or ammonia or other primary and secondary amines; polyamidoamines; copolymers of a nonionic monomer, such as acrylamide, with a cationic monomer, such as DADMAC or acryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride; cyanoguanidine modified polymers of urea/formaldehyde resins; melamine/formaldehyde polymers; urea/formaldehyde polymers; polyethylene imines; cationic starches; amphoteric polymers possessing a net cationic charge; and blends of the aforementioned coagulants.
  • PAC polyaluminum chlorides
  • p-DADMAC
  • the amounts of cationic coagulant polymer of the microparticle system of the invention added to the stock or furnish may be any amount sufficient to give a substantial effect in coagulating the solids present in the stock or furnish.
  • the total amount of water soluble coagulant polymer may be in the range of about 0.0025 wt . % to 1.0 wt. %, more preferably in the range of about
  • a cationic coagulant may be added to the thick stock prior to the fan pump 1
  • the high molecular weight flocculant polymer may be added to the thin stock after the stock's passage through fan pump 1
  • the inorganic particulate material may be added to the thin stock after the stock's passage through pressure screen 2.
  • the initial thick stock can be made from any conventional paper making stock such as traditional chemical pulps, for instance bleached and unbleached sulphate or sulphite pulp, mechanical pumps such as groundwood, thermomechanical or chemi-thermochemical pulp or recycled pulp such as deinked waste, fiber filler composites from aggregating or recycling processes and any mixtures thereof.
  • traditional chemical pulps for instance bleached and unbleached sulphate or sulphite pulp
  • mechanical pumps such as groundwood, thermomechanical or chemi-thermochemical pulp or recycled pulp such as deinked waste, fiber filler composites from aggregating or recycling processes and any mixtures thereof.
  • the stock employed in the method of the invention, and the final paper can be substantially unfilled (e.g., containing less than 10% and generally less than 5% by weight filler in the final paper) or filler can be provided in an amount of up to 50% based on the dry weight of the solids of the stock or up to 40% based on the dry weight of paper.
  • any conventional white pigment filler such as calcium carbonate, kaolin clay, calcined kaolin, titanium dioxide or talc, or a combination thereof may be present.
  • the filler (if present) is preferably incorporated into the stock in a conventional manner, and before addition of the components of the microparticle system.
  • the stock employed in the method of the invention may include other known optional additives, such as, rosin, alum, neutral sizes or optical brightening agents. It may include a strengthening or binding agent and this can, for example, comprise a starch, such as cationic starch.
  • the pH of the stock is generally in the range 4 to 9 and a particular advantage of the method of the invention is that it functions effectively at low pH values, for instance, below pH 7.
  • the amounts of fiber, filler, and other additives, such as, strengthening agents or alum can all be conventional.
  • the thin stock has a solids content of 0.1% to 3% by weight or a fiber content of 0.1% to 2% by weight.
  • the thin stock will usually have a solids content of from 0.1% to 2% by weight.
  • the inorganic particulate material employed in the microparticle system of the invention includes a trioctahedral aluminum containing clay material selected from the group consisting of saponite, sauconite, and vermiculite, and preferably, saponite. These particles are readily dispersed in an aqueous pulp suspension in a paper making process to enhance the surface characteristics of the final paper product. These particles, in general, will have an average dry particle size less than 80 ⁇ m, typically in the range 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, and more typically from 2 nm to 2 ⁇ m, preferably from 1 nm to 1.2 ⁇ m.
  • Particles having an average size of less than 1 ⁇ m, which may exist in that size before addition to the stock or may be broken down to that size after addition to the stock are preferred.
  • a conventional dispersing agent e.g., a water soluble anionic polymer, such as an acid polymer containing acrylic or methacrylic groups of a salt thereof, may be employed in a conventional manner, e.g., by addition of from about 0.1% to about 3% by weight of dispersing agent based on the dry weight of the inorganic particulate material, to ensure that the appropriate fine particle size is achieved.
  • saponite Nao.g [Mg 6 . 0 ]
  • Si . ⁇ AI 0 . 9 0 20 (OH 4 ) in conjunction with a flocculant or a flocculant/coagulant system can increase drainage and retention, and improve sheet formation in the paper making process.
  • the first set employed a flocculant and saponite at the feed points indicated in Figure 1 to obtain drainage and retention results.
  • the second set employed both a flocculant and saponite added to the thin stock at the feed points shown in Figure 1 and a flocculant, a coagulant, and saponite at the feed points shown in Figure 1 to obtain drainage, retention and sheet formation results.
  • Hydrocol 875 is a high molecular weight cationic polyacrylamide polymer flocculant available from Allied Colloids, Ltd.
  • Imvite 1016 is a dry saponite clay available from IMV Nevada, Amargosa Valley, NV.
  • SMI 200 H-200 mesh is a ground dry saponite clay available from GSA Resources, Inc., Arlington, Arizona.
  • Acme Clay is kaolin clay available from ECC International Inc., Roswell, Georgia.
  • the furnish consisted of a blend containing 80% Weyerhauser, Prince Albert HW pulp and 20% of repulped Georgia Spectrum DP (Xerox grade) .
  • the furnish was beaten with a laboratory scale Voith Allis Valley Beater to a Canadian Standard
  • the pH of the slurry was kept at around 7.8. Two batches of this furnish were made.
  • the Hydrocol 875 polymer was first made down to 1.0 ⁇ wt . % headbox consistency in deionized water and then made down to 0.1 wt . %, based on the amount of the' deionized water, for final use in the two batches of pulp slurry in the drainage and retention testing procedures herein.
  • a one liter aliquot of each of the first and second batches of pulp slurry containing the 5 wt . % Acme Clay Filler and the 20 wt. % Acme Clay Filler, respectively was mixed in a square jar using a Lightning mixer.
  • the mixer speed was kept constant for 10 seconds at 1500 rpm (shear mixing) .
  • These two batches of pulp slurry were then dosed with the above polymer solution and stirred at 1500 rpm for an additional minute.
  • the mixer was turned off and the slurries were allowed to stand for three minutes .
  • Saponite Sample 1 was added to the first batch of furnish containing the 5 wt . % kaolin clay filler and to the second batch of furnish containing the 20 wt. % clay filler and saponite Sample 2 was added to the second batch of furnish containing the 20 wt. % kaolin clay filler.
  • the resultant pulp slurries comprising the saponite, the filler, and the polymer were poured back and forth between two beakers five times.
  • the resultant pulp slurry was then poured into a drainage jar which was then shaken three times before the pulp ' slurry was drained.
  • the drainage water was collected for 30 seconds and then weighed using a tarred beaker. Drainage testing for these resultant pulp slurries was performed and plotted in Figures 2-4. Retention Testing Turbidity
  • Turbidity of the drainage water can be a measurement of the filler and fines retention of the system.
  • Hand sheets were made using the standard TAPPI mold and standard hand-making paper sheet procedure. The paper sheets were made and ashed at 500°C. Pulp pads were also made using a porcelain Buchner Filter Funnel from Coors Company, U.S.A., and equipped with a Whatman 41 Ashless Filter Paper. Drainage Results
  • the drainage data obtained from the first batch of furnish containing 5% kaolin clay filler is plotted in a three dimensional surface graph of Figure 2 showing drainage vs. polymer dosage vs. saponite (Sample 1) .
  • the polymer dosage was varied from 1.2 lbs. of dry polymer/ton of dry furnish to 6.0 lbs. of dry polymer/ton of dry furnish, and the saponite (Sample 1) dosage was varied from 0 to 18 lbs. of dry saponite/ton of dry furnish. From the graph of Figure 2, it can be seen that the drainage in ml increased as the dosages of polymer and saponite increased.
  • Second Batch Furnish-20% Clay Filler - Saponite Sample 1 Figure 3 illustrates the data for saponite Sample 1 where drainage vs . polymer dosage vs . saponite dosage for the furnish containing 20% clay filler is plotted.
  • Second Batch Furnish-20% Clay Fillers - Saponite Sample 2 Figure 4 illustrates the data for saponite Sample 2 where drainage vs . polymer dosage vs . saponite dosage for the furnish containing 20% clay filler is plotted.
  • the saponite dosages ranged from 0 to 24 lbs. of dry saponite/ton of dry furnish and the polymer dosages ranged from 2.4 to 6.0 lbs. of dry polymer/ton of dry furnish'.
  • Turbidity can be a measurement of retention. The higher turbidity indicates more fines and fillers in the drainage water and, therefore, less retention of the fines and fillers in the paper. The results are plotted in Figure 5 for Samples 3 and 4, discussed hereinabove.
  • the drainage and retention of fines and filler may be increased by the use of a two-component microparticle system, namely saponite and a flocculant polymer.
  • Polymer A is a high molecular weight, cationic, acrylamide / acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer available from Calgon Corp. (Pittsburgh, PA), comprising about 90 mole % acrylamide and about 10 mole % acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride .
  • Polymer B is a medium molecular weight homopolymer of diallyldimethylammonium chloride available from Calgon Corp. (Pittsburgh, PA) .
  • Polymer C is a high molecular weight, cationic acrylamide copolymer, comprising about 25 wt. % cationic charge, available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals.
  • Hydrocol 2D1 is a dry bentonite clay, i.e. montmorillonite, available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals.
  • Polymer D is a medium molecular weight, dimethylamine / epichlorohydrin cationic polymer available from Calgon Corp. (Pittsburgh, PA) .
  • Polymer E is a high molecular weight, anionic acrylamide copolymer, available from Calgon Corp. (Pittsburgh, PA), comprising about 70 mole % acrylamide and about 30 mole % acrylic acid.
  • Polymer F is a polyaluminum chloride available from ECC International (Pittsburgh, PA)
  • Polymer G is a medium molecular weight, cationic copolymer of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride available from ECC International (Pittsburgh, PA) .
  • Polymer H is a medium molecular weight, terpolymer of acrylamide, diallydimethylammonium chloride, and acrylic acid available from ECC International (Pittsburgh, PA) .
  • IMVITE 1016 is a dry saponite clay available from IMV Nevada, Amargosa Valley, NV.
  • Carbital 60 is a dry, ground calcium carbonate available from ECC International, Atlanta, GA. Stalok 400 and Interbond C are cationic starches available from A.E. Staley.
  • Examples 1 - 26 demonstrate the effectiveness of various formulations of the instant invention in improving drainage, retentions, and various sheet properties, including formation, brightness, and opacity, of a synthetic, aqueous cellulosic furnish.
  • the composition of this furnish was designed to mimic a typical alkaline, wood-free furnish used to manufacture base sheet for coated and uncoated magazine or printing and writing grades .
  • Furnish Preparation The synthetic furnish used for drainage and retention tests and for making handsheets was prepared with the following components: Fiber: 50/50 wt . % bleached hardwood kraft/bleached softwood kraft Filler: 50/50 wt . % ground calcium carbonate
  • the mixing time / speed sequence used in preparing handsheets is the same as the sequence used for the drainage test procedure.
  • the treated furnish sample is poured into the deckle box of the Noble & Wood handsheet machine and the sheet is prepared employing standard techniques well known by those skilled in the art.
  • Examples 5-8 plotted in Figure 6, show that the simulated addition of Polymer A before the pressure screen and saponite after the pressure screen at dosages ranging from 3-9 lb/ton leads to significant increases in stock drainage with only minor losses in sheet formation.
  • First pass ash retention (FPAR) increases to a maximum at 3 lb/ton saponite and decreases at higher dosages.
  • Examples 9-12 plotted in Figure 7, show that the addition of a third component, a cationic coagulant Polymer B, selectively improves first pass ash retention (FPAR) and with little change in drainage and sheet formation up to a dosage of 0.1 lb active / ton. At higher dosages, FPAR continues to increase while drainage decreases slightly and sheet formation drops off sharply. In the absence of saponite, as shown in examples 14, 17, and 23-26, drainage and retentions are significantly lower .
  • FPAR first pass ash retention
  • Tables 3 and 4 represent results for Examples 27-50.
  • Examples 27-50 of Table 3 compare the drainage performance of the present invention (examples 28-32) with a conventional dual polymer program (examples 46-50) and colloidal silica (examples 38-42 and 43-45) and bentonite (examples 33-37) microparticle programs. At roughly equivalent levels of drainage performance for each of these programs (examples 29, 37, 40, 45, and 47) a much lower total dosage of the present invention (example 29) is needed to match drainage performance of the prior art examples. Also, as shown in Table 4, first pass ash retention is higher for the present invention than the prior art at comparable sheet formation values . Table 4
  • Examples 51- 77 of Table 5 demonstrate the effectiveness of various formulations of the instant invention in improving drainage, retentions, and various sheet properties, including formation, brightness, and opacity, of a synthetic aqueous furnish.
  • the composition of this furnish represents a typical furnish used to manufacture the base sheet for lightweight coated grades. Furnish Preparation
  • the synthetic furnish used for drainage and retention tests and for making hand sheets was prepared with the following components:
  • Fiber 45 wt. % bleached softwood kraft
  • Alum 0.5 wt . % based on oven dry fiber weight
  • the CTMP was soaked in hot water for 15-20 minutes and then diluted to 1.56 wt . % solids in water and refined to a Canadian Standard Freeness (CSF) of 200 ml.
  • the kraft softwood fiber (SWK) was soaked separately in water, diluted to 1.56 wt . %, and refined to 550 CSF.
  • the fibers were then blended to the proportions listed above with the calcined clay filler.
  • the pH of the combined furnish was adjusted to 5.0 with dilute sulfuric acid and the conductivity was adjusted to 2000 ⁇ S/cm with sodium sulfate .
  • Examples 78 - 110 of Table 6 demonstrate the effectiveness of various formulations of the instant invention in improving drainage, retentions, and sheet formation of a synthetic aqueous furnish.
  • the composition of this furnish represents a typical furnish used in the manufacture of the base sheet for paperboard.
  • the present invention provides significant improvements in first pass ash retention and sheet formation over the prior art. Furnish Preparation
  • the synthetic furnish used for drainage and retention tests and for making hand sheets was prepared using the following procedure. Disintegrate 360 grams of unbleached, old corrugated cardboard (OCC) in tepid water and dilute to 23 liters with deionized water. Refine the pulp to 300 CSF. Dilute 18 liters of this stock to 0.5 wt . % consistency and add the following salts and amounts to adjust the water chemistry to the proper ionic strength (2000 ⁇ S/cm) : a. 5.61 grams Calcium chloride b. 0.96 grams Potassium chloride c. 8.17 grams Alum (50 wt. %) d. 15.96 grams Sodium sulfate e. 0.59 grams Sodium bicarbonate f. 0.97 grams Sodium silicate Adjust the pH to 5.0 with dilute sulfuric acid.
  • OCC unbleached, old corrugated cardboard
  • Examples 111 - 118 of Table 7 compare the performance of the present invention in a 100% OCC paperboard furnish with bentonite and colloidal silica programs of the prior art. At equivalent drainage, the present program provides significant improvements in ash retention, total retention, and sheet formation (MK) .
  • Table 7
  • Examples 119 - 145 Examples 119 - 145 of Table 8 demonstrate the effectiveness of various formulations in improving drainage, retentions, and various sheet properties, including formation, brightness, and opacity, of a synthetic aqueous furnish.
  • the composition of this furnish represents a typical groundwood furnish used to manufacture the base sheet for newsprint. Furnish Preparation
  • the synthetic furnish used for drainage and retention tests and for making hand sheets was prepared using the following recipe and procedure.
  • Fiber 80 wt . % CTMP/10 wt . % SWK/10 wt . % recycled newsprint
  • Alum 50 lb/ton pH: 4.8 - 5.2
  • Examples 146 - 150 of Table 9 compare the performance of the present invention to the prior art at roughly equivalent drainage and at maximum drainage for a typical newsprint furnish. As shown in Table 9 the present invention provides significantly higher maximum stock drainage and significant improvements at equivalent drainage in sheet formation (MK) and sheet brightness at significantly lower product dosages than the prior art.
  • MK sheet formation
  • the performance of the instant invention was evaluated on a commercial paper machine producing 60 lb / 3300 ft 2 light weight coated, wood-containing paper and compared to a commercial, colloidal silica based program typical of the prior art.
  • Polymer A was fed at 0.2 lb dry polymer / dry ton of paper to the inlet of the pressure screen and saponite clay was fed at 4 lb / ton of dry paper to the outlet of the pressure screen.
  • Table 10 the instant invention gave significant improvements in steam usage, sheet formation, and first pass retention at equivalent machine speed. Variability in retention control and cross directional sheet moisture were also significantly reduced with the instant invention.
  • the effectiveness of the instant invention was also demonstrated on another commercial paper machine producing 40 lb / 3300 ft 2 light weight coated, wood- containing paper and compared to a commercial, colloidal silica based program typical of the prior art.
  • Polymer A was fed at 0.25 lb dry polymer / dry ton of paper to the inlet of the pressure screen and saponite clay was fed at 4 lb / ton of dry paper to the outlet of the pressure screen.
  • Table 11 the instant invention gave significant improvements in steam usage, sheet formation, headbox ash consistency, and sheet brightness.
  • Example 152 Commercial Machine Application - Linerboard
  • Polymer A was fed to the inlet of the pressure screen at dosages between 0.2 and 0.75 lb product per dry ton of paper.
  • Saponite was fed to the discharge side of the pressure screen at dosages between 3 and 7 lb product per dry ton.
  • First pass retention (FPR) increased from 63 to 86% and first pass ash retention (FPAR) increased from 10 to 50%.
  • MK Formation discussed hereinabove represents sheet formation measured by a M/K Formation Tester.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un auxiliaire de rétention et d'égouttage constitué par un ensemble microparticulaire. Cet ensemble intervient dans la fabrication d'un produit de papier alcalin et acide et comprend un polymère floculant et un matériau particulaire inorganique renfermant lui-même un minerai trioctaédrique substitué aluminium et, en option, un coagulant cationique. Le floculant polymère est ajouté au chargement en aval de la pompe de mélange et en amont du classeur sous pression. Le matériau composé de particules inorganiques est ajouté en aval de la pompe de mélange et le coagulant (option) en amont de la pompe de mélange. L'adjonction de ce système microparticulaire offre l'avantage d'améliorer la rétention et l'égouttage pendant la fabrication du papier.
EP99932370A 1998-07-10 1999-07-09 Systeme a microparticules intervenant dans la fabrication du papier Withdrawn EP1105573A4 (fr)

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US9240498P 1998-07-10 1998-07-10
US92404P 1998-07-10
PCT/US1999/015541 WO2000003094A1 (fr) 1998-07-10 1999-07-09 Systeme a microparticules intervenant dans la fabrication du papier

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BR (1) BR9912011A (fr)
CA (1) CA2336970A1 (fr)
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MXPA04003942A (es) * 2003-05-05 2007-06-29 German Vergara Lopez Un sistema de retencion y drenaje recomendado para la fabricacion de papel, cartulina, carton y otros productos similares.
CN1323211C (zh) * 2004-06-21 2007-06-27 徐清明 造纸矿物复合助留剂及其制备方法与应用
DE102004063005A1 (de) 2004-12-22 2006-07-13 Basf Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Papier, Pappe und Karton
EP2609250B1 (fr) 2010-08-25 2016-08-17 Solenis Technologies Cayman, L.P. Procédé d'augmentation des avantages de l'amidon dans un matériau cellulosique réduit en pâte lors de la production de papier et de carton
CN103282582B (zh) 2010-10-29 2016-02-24 巴克曼实验室国际公司 利用离子型交联的聚合物微粒造纸以及由此制造的产品
FI124202B (en) * 2012-02-22 2014-04-30 Kemira Oyj A method for improving the process of making paper or paperboard using recycled fibrous material
CN102888784B (zh) * 2012-09-20 2014-09-03 蚌埠凤凰滤清器有限责任公司 一种滤清器滤纸及其制备方法
CN102852038A (zh) * 2012-09-24 2013-01-02 济南晨光纸业有限公司 一种提高彩色羊皮纸鲜艳度并有效防止掉色的方法
CN102921387A (zh) * 2012-10-26 2013-02-13 浙江海亮环境材料有限公司 一种造纸用微粒助留助滤剂
CN103884644A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 朱勇强 一种造纸网上胶体保留指数的测定方法
CN109518521A (zh) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-26 昆山裕锦环保包装有限公司 一种用于纸浆模塑包装制品防掉屑处理的浆内助剂

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DE3541163A1 (de) * 1985-11-21 1987-05-27 Basf Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von papier und karton
GB8602121D0 (en) * 1986-01-29 1986-03-05 Allied Colloids Ltd Paper & paper board
US5473033A (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-12-05 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Water-soluble cationic copolymers and their use as drainage retention aids in papermaking processes

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NO20010145D0 (no) 2001-01-09
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CN1312872A (zh) 2001-09-12
KR20010074692A (ko) 2001-08-09
JP2002520505A (ja) 2002-07-09
ID27378A (id) 2001-04-05
WO2000003094A1 (fr) 2000-01-20
CA2336970A1 (fr) 2000-01-20
BR9912011A (pt) 2001-04-10
EP1105573A4 (fr) 2001-10-24

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