EP1103757A2 - Lighting system for rooms - Google Patents

Abstract

Lighting systems for rooms as based on natural source of light are subject to considerable light loss during propagation by reflection of the light over long optical paths, and measures have been taken to avoid this loss by, as it were, 'locking' the coupled sunlight into the optical waveguide for use in room lighting by 'tapping' the light off at selected required points for adapter types elements. To improve decoupling of the light, light-propagation in the optical waveguide results from total reflection and the decoupling device e.g. for radiating the light in to the room, is adaptively arranged externally on the light-guide, and the total reflection of the light is cancelled at this point of the waveguide (5).

Description

The invention relates to a lighting system for rooms according to the preamble of the claim 1.

The lighting system for rooms according to the invention is a daylight control system, with the sunlight captured outside of a building inside of the building, in order to partially or completely do without artificial light can.

Lighting systems for rooms of the type specified at the outset are known. That's the way it is known, for example, in a translucent tube from the open end face Feed in sunlight. This tube is on the inside with a structured film or the like. lined so that the captured sunlight due to reflection along the tube is directed. The film is removed at predetermined points on the lateral surface, so that the light inside the tube has the option of passing through the tube wall at this point to step outside. The area of the room underneath is lit with daylight illuminates. However, the formation of such passage islands for sunlight technically very complex in the pipe.

Furthermore, it is known to use artificial light in a totally reflective manner at a central point Feed in the conductor in order to provide the artificial light at another, desired location to have. However, due to the long light paths in the light guide, the light losses are not irrelevant.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to create a lighting system for rooms with improved decoupling of the sunlight fed in.

The technical solution is characterized by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The basic idea of the lighting system for rooms according to the invention is that the coupled sunlight is so to speak "locked" in the light guide, but on selected, desired locations are arranged adapter-like elements, which it allow the sunlight in the light guide to escape at these points can. The decoupling device is designed in such a way that the sunlight can escape and arranged on the light guide that there is no total reflection at this point, but that rather the light through the interface between the light guide and the adjacent Coupling device can pass through. To make this possible, for example may be necessary in individual cases, between the surface of the light guide and the decoupling device to provide an intermediate medium, which is of consistency and the refractive index enables the total reflection to be "switched off". Essential in this lighting system is that the decoupling device or the decoupling devices do not cover the entire surface of the light guide, but that they only cover areas are arranged on the light guide, in those places where lighting is required. The field of application of the lighting system according to the invention are, in particular, deep offices with a corridor area behind them. As stated, is done decoupling the sunlight via coupling elements adapted to the light guide, which - as stated - couple the sunlight where it is needed, namely for example at a workplace. Thus, with help at the desired points of the adaptable decoupling element, the sunlight directed downwards or sideways directed. The outcoupling elements, which are thus arranged in modules at any point on the light guide thus couple the sunlight in the light guide at this point and illuminate the desired place in the room.

The further development according to claim 2 proposes different profiling options of the light guide. The shape of the clear plastic rod can be cylindrical (with a round one) or with an oval cross-sectional profile. However, the preferred profiling is a rectangular, flat plate as light guide. This embodiment has the advantage that the flat plate can be integrated well into the architecture, with the light possibly over a cylindrical lens is deflected into the cross-sectional area of the light guide. The order The light guide in the room can be done both horizontally and vertically. Thus, as Light guide uses a particularly solid, translucent body, in which the Sunlight is fed. The total reflection causes the sunlight along this conductor headed. Due to this special design of the light guide, daylight is not over long distances transported with multiple branches, so that the efficiency is great. Polycarbonate, for example, can be used as the material for the light guide.

According to the development in claim 3 is a special training of the light guide flat plate suggested. This can be arranged either horizontally or vertically. An inclined arrangement of this flat plate is also possible.

The development of claim 4 has the advantage that the coating applied on the outside increases the angle of total reflection. For example, it can be a Trade acrylic wrapping.

A further development suggests that the light guide is colored Has sheathing so as to color the light emission.

A preferred arrangement of the coupling device proposes claim 6. The basic principle is that the lighting system uses sunlight on the house facade records and illuminates room zones far away from the window with daylight. A suitable point of the coupling device is the facade area between the Floors, i.e. the wall area above the windows. At this point, light collectors can be easily installed.

According to claim 7, the coupling device is preferably outside the room arranged. Of course, it is also conceivable to place the coupling device inside to arrange the room, for example behind a window cover.

In order to be able to optimally couple the light into the light guide, claim 8 proposes a lens, especially a cylindrical lens. This bundles the captured sunlight and guides it it further into the light guide. It is possible to switch between the cylindrical lens and the flat one Fiber optic to use a flexible adapter to adjust the focus at different Compensate for sun positions and feed the light into the light guide can.

In order to make the system efficient, the training according to claim 9 suggests one Sun position tracking for the coupling device before. This sun position tracking is coupled to the light guide in the interior. The sun position tracking is preferably self-controlling, for example by a thermohydraulic one Facility.

The development according to claim 10 has the advantage that when there is an optical fiber individual attachment of the decoupling devices is possible to a desired workplace to illuminate individually.

The development according to claim 11 has the advantage that an optimal coupling of the captured sunlight is possible. In particular, the entire width of the Light guide used.

According to the developments of claims 12 and 13, a decoupling device can be a Hologram structure or a prism structure can be used. Both technologies, namely hologram technology and prism technology are equally suitable, to be able to optimally extract the sunlight. In particular, through these two Structures can be ensured that there is no glare by the beam angle towards the horizontal does not exceed a certain value. With the prism structure it can be a prism foil, which is on the surface of the light guide is attached. This makes it easy to position these prism foils, for example be changeable if they have a transparent, adhesive liquid on the light guide be releasably glued.

An alternative to the hologram and prism structures described above suggests Claim 14 before. The basic idea here is one on the top of the light guide Arrange reflective body. This reflection body is made up of the light guide made of a solid material, in particular of the same material as the light guide. The flat side of the reflection body facing the light guide is in this case with the Coupled light guide that the total reflection is canceled at this contact point. This can be done, for example, with a suitable plastic adhesive or with an oil, which has the same refractive index as the light guide material. The basic principle this decoupling device is that at the location of the reflection body Light emerges from the light guide and enters the reflection body. The one facing away from the light guide The surface of the reflection body is provided with a reflection coating, so that the light is reflected back in such a way that due to a corresponding Profiling of the reflection body no more total reflection takes place with respect to the light guide and thus the light is coupled out through the light guide to the other side can be.

According to claim 15, it is preferably a convexly curved reflection body.

The development according to claim 16 has the advantage that only in the area of the intermediate base the light from the light guide can be coupled into the reflection body. This means that - with reflecting bodies of the same size - by varying the cross-sectional area the intensity of the outcoupled light can be changed can. Like the reflection body, the base consists of a transparent, massive material, preferably the same material as the reflection body (as well as the same material as the light guide).

The development according to claim 17 relates to various intermediate materials between the light guide and the coupling-out device in order to cancel the total reflection at this point. It is namely known plastic adhesives and oils, which essentially the same refractive index as the material of the light guide and possibly the decoupling device have.

A preferred further development proposes claim 18. This makes a combined daylight Artificial lighting system with the combined use of daylight and artificial light created in the sense of needs-based room lighting. The additional lamp of the Artificial light source, which can be integrated in a luminaire, is activated as soon as none Sunlight is available or if the available sunlight is not is sufficient. This additional artificial light source can for example be adjacent as a separate lamp be arranged to the decoupler.

In principle, it is conceivable to make a central artificial light feed, but the losses from the feed point to the radiation point would then be relatively high. For this Basically, the preferred development according to claim 19 proposes that the lamp is assigned to the decoupling device. This is to be understood in the most general sense that the lamp (or also a plurality of lamps) is arranged in the region of the decoupling device is. This creates a decentralized supply of artificial light. The basic idea is there in that the artificial light is created where it is needed. So that is in the area the provided additional artificial light source activated when the Sunlight is insufficient or is not available at all.

The development according to claim 20 has the advantage that the decoupling device at the same time also represents the artificial light source, which is switched on when required.

As an alternative to the integration of the lamp in the decoupling device, claim 21 proposes before that the lamp on the opposite side of the decoupling device Light guide is arranged.

A further preferred development proposes claim 22. The advantage is that the artificial light is emitted via the decoupler so that ultimately no distinction is made whether the light comes from the sun or from the artificial light source.

An alternative arrangement of the lamp proposes claim 23. The basic idea is there in it, the lamp (or the associated lamp) not directly of the decoupling device assign for the sunlight (for example to integrate it in the decoupling device), but to arrange the lamp on the light guide without a structural assignment.

The technical implementation according to claim 24 takes over the coupling from the basic principle and decoupling the sunlight. The lamp can be on any Place on the light guide while the decoupling device at the desired Place of the light guide is placed, namely where lighting by means of Artificial light should be provided.

In principle, it is conceivable to use the decoupling device for sunlight in the same way can also be used for decoupling for artificial light. The training according to claim 25, however, proposes a separate decoupling structure for artificial light. The advantage is that regardless of the local radiation of sunlight, artificial light can be emitted at another desired location.

A preferred further development of this proposes claim 26. The basic idea lies in one Transverse feeding of the artificial light. For example, the lamp can be substantially rectangular be arranged for the longitudinal extension of the light guide. The one assigned to the lamp Outcoupling structure is only effective for this artificial light, while this outcoupling structure the daylight spreading along the light guide can pass. As a decoupling device for the artificial light, for example, the above-mentioned prismatic film serve to deflect the light. The prisms of this prism sheet are there transverse to the direction of light propagation. The prisms can then be perpendicular to this the coupling device for daylight.

Finally, claim 27 proposes that the light guide provide additional diffuse light radiation enables. The extraction of diffuse light from the light guide has the advantage that this can illuminate ceilings or walls.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Längsschnittdarstellung durch einen Raum mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungssystem bei Sonnenschein;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf das System in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Darstellung entsprechend der in Fig. 1, jedoch bei Dunkelheit mit eingeschaltetem Kunstlicht;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 1, jedoch mit der Andeutung der Positionsveränderung eines der Auskoppelelemente;

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungssystems bei Sonnenschein;

Fig. 6

eine schematische Längsschnittdarstellung durch einen Raum des Beleuchtungssystems in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des Beleuchtungssystems mit einer senkrecht angeordneten Platte sowie mit pilzförmigen Auskoppelelementen;

Fig. 8

ein vergrößerter Detailausschnitt der Darstellung in Fig. 7 mit einer Darstellung des Strahlenganges;

Fig. 9

einen Querschnitt durch die Darstellung in Fig. 8, jedoch zusätzlich mit Lampen.

Exemplary embodiments of a lighting system for rooms according to the invention are described below with reference to the drawings. In these shows:

Fig. 1

is a schematic longitudinal sectional view through a room with the lighting system according to the invention in sunshine;

Fig. 2

a plan view of the system in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

a representation corresponding to that in Figure 1, but in the dark with artificial light switched on.

Fig. 4

a schematic representation corresponding to Figure 1, but with the indication of the change in position of one of the decoupling elements.

Fig. 5

a plan view of a second embodiment of the lighting system according to the invention in sunshine;

Fig. 6

a schematic longitudinal sectional view through a room of the lighting system in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

a further embodiment of the lighting system with a vertically arranged plate and with mushroom-shaped coupling elements;

Fig. 8

an enlarged detail of the illustration in FIG. 7 with an illustration of the beam path;

Fig. 9

a cross section through the illustration in Fig. 8, but additionally with lamps.

A room 1 has a building facade 2 with two windows 3. Within this room 1 may there be a workplace 4 with a table and chair.

In the ceiling area of room 1 there is a plate-shaped, rectangular light guide 5. One end of this light guide 5 opens above the window 3 in the building facade 2. It has a coupling device 6 on its end face, which, however, is only clean is indicated schematically.

Inside the room 1 are located on the underside of the plate-shaped light guide 5 two decoupling devices 7. Two lamps 8 are integrated in each of these.

The operation of the lighting system of Figures 1 to 3 is as follows:

The sunlight 9 falls on the coupling device 6 of the light guide 5. With this coupling device 6 can be, for example, a cylindrical lens. This can be additional equipped with a tracking to adapt to the current position of the sun his. The sunlight 9 captured by the coupling device 6 is in the light guide 5 fed. The light 9 'experiences a total reflection within the light guide 5 and thus spreads within the light guide 5.

Total reflection is eliminated in the area of the coupling-out devices 7. This means, that the light 9 'located in the area of these decoupling devices 7 can emerge. In the illustrated embodiment, the light 9 "is emitted downwards, in particular to the workplace 4.

As soon as the sun is no longer shining or it is night, the daylight is on interrupted. In this case, the lamps integrated in the decoupling device 7 8 put into operation and illuminate room 1, especially the workplace 4. This is shown in Fig. 3.

Of course, a middle way is also conceivable, namely daylight lighting is combined with artificial lighting.

4 is only intended to illustrate symbolically that the position of the decoupling device 7 is not rigidly specified, but that, for example, the position of the rear Outcoupling device 7 can be changed towards the front towards the window 3.

The embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6 shows a concrete technical implementation the decoupling device 7 as well as an alternative arrangement of the lamp 8.

6 shows, in enlarged detail representations, two versions of the decoupling device 7 in the form of a so-called prism film, which is on the underside of the light guide 5 is arranged. While the version on the left in the drawing is the prism the right-hand version of the prisms are negative Trapezoidal profiles. These profiles cause that when the light 9 'strikes it as Light 9 "is coupled out. The longitudinal extension of the prism profiles is transverse to Longitudinal extension of the light guide 5 and thus for the propagation of the light 9 'within it Light guide 5.

In this embodiment, two lamps 8 are arranged on the side of the light guide 5, which the artificial light 10 laterally, i.e. across the light 9 'of the sunlight 9 into the light guide 5 radiate. The spread of this artificial light 10 takes place by means of total reflection within of the light guide 5. So that the artificial light 10 is emitted, a decoupling device 11 provided. This is - also - by a prism structure using a Prismatic film formed. However, the alignment of the prisms is perpendicular to the alignment the prisms in the decoupling device 7 for the sunlight 9.

The operation of this lighting system of FIGS. 5 and 6 is as follows:

The sunlight 9 is in the manner described above by means of the decoupling device 7 uncoupled. Since the prisms of the decoupling device 11 in the direction of propagation of the Light 9 'lie, the propagation of the light 9' of the sunlight 9 through this decoupling device 11 not disturbed. The decoupling device 11 only serves to decouple the light propagating perpendicular to the light 9 ′, namely that originating from the lamps 8 Artificial light 10. The deflection of the artificial light 10 thus takes place downwards.

7 to 9 show a further embodiment for the technical implementation of the Lighting systems. Here, the light guide 5 is designed as a vertical, flat plate. The decoupling devices 7 are located on the top of this flat plate. This decoupling device 7 is a convexly curved reflection body 12 preferably made of the same material as that of the light guide 5. Die convex surface of this reflection body 12 is provided with a reflection coating 13 provided, which is indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 8. Between the reflection body 12 and the light guide 5, a base 14 is arranged, which has a smaller cross section has than the cross section of the reflection body 12. This base 14 is also preferably made of the same material as that of the light guide 5 and the reflection body 12. The contact surfaces on the one hand between the light guide 5 and the base 14 and on the other hand between the base 14 and the reflection body 12 are prepared such that at this point the total reflection is canceled. This can be done, for example, by a Plastic adhesive or by an oil, these aforementioned materials the have the same refractive index as the materials of the aforementioned components.

The operation of this lighting system of FIGS. 7 to 9 is as follows:

The light 9 'is first totally reflected in the vertical light guide 5. In the area of the base 14, the light 9 'is coupled out and reaches the reflection body 12. The light 9 ″ is then reflected downward on the reflection coating 13. The curvature of the reflection body 12 is such that no total reflection in the light guide 5th when penetrating the light 9 "can occur. This means that the light 9" the Light guide 5 shines through. This means that the radiation angle is also with regard to glare protection limited.

9 provides a further variant, in such a way that an additional two Lamps 8 are provided. These are next to the light guide 5 below the protruding Reflection body 12 arranged. The light emitted upwards partially penetrates into the reflection body 12 and is on the reflection coating 13 in the previously described down reflected.

Reference list

1

room

2nd

Building facade

3rd

window

4th

Workplace

5

Light guide

6

Coupling device

7

Decoupling device

8th

lamp

9

sunlight

9 '

light

9 "

light

10th

Artificial light

11

Decoupling device

12th

Reflective body

13

Reflection coating

14

base

Claims (27)

Room lighting system (1)
With a light guide (5) located essentially within the room (1), with a coupling device (6) for feeding sunlight (9) into the light guide (5), the light (9 ') extending along the light guide (5) propagates by reflection, and with a decoupling device (7) for emitting the light (9 ") into the room (1), characterized in that
that the propagation of the light (9 ') in the light guide (5) takes place by total reflection and that the decoupling device (7) on the outside of the light guide (5) can be arranged adaptively and at this point of the light guide (5) cancels the total reflection. Lighting system according to the preceding claim,
characterized,
that the light guide (5) has a flat, rectangular or round or oval profile in cross section. Lighting system according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the light guide (5) is a either horizontally or vertically or obliquely arranged flat plate. Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the light guide (5) has a sheath made of a material which increases the critical angle for total reflection. Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the light guide (5) has a colored casing. Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the coupling device (6) is arranged in the area of the building facade (2). Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the coupling device (6) is arranged outside the room (1). Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the coupling device (6) is formed by a lens, in particular a cylindrical lens. Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the coupling device (6) has a sun position tracking. Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the decoupling device (7) is variably arranged in its position on the light guide (5). Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the decoupling device (7) extends essentially over the entire width of the in particular plate-shaped light guide (5). Lighting system according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that the decoupling device (7) has a hologram structure. Lighting system according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that the decoupling device (7) has a prism structure. Lighting system according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that the decoupling device (7) is formed by a reflection body (12) which is provided with a reflection coating (13). Lighting system according to claim 14,
characterized,
that the reflection body (12) is convexly curved. Lighting system according to claim 14 or 15,
characterized,
that a base (14) with a smaller cross section than the reflection body (12) is arranged between the reflection body (12) and the light guide (5). Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that an adhesive or an oil with a refractive index is provided between the light guide (5) and the decoupling device (7), which eliminates the total reflection of the light guide (5). Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that at least one lamp (8) is additionally provided. Lighting system according to claim 18,
characterized,
that the lamp (8) of the decoupling device (7) is assigned. Lighting system according to claim 19,
characterized,
that the lamp (8) is integrated in the decoupling device (7). Lighting system according to claim 19,
characterized,
that the lamp (8) is arranged on the side of the light guide (5) opposite the coupling-out device (7). Lighting system according to one of claims 19 to 21,
characterized,
that the radiation of the lamp (8) takes place through the decoupling device (7). Lighting system according to claim 18,
characterized,
that the lamp (8) is arranged separately from the decoupling device (7). Lighting system according to claim 23,
characterized,
that the lamp (8) couples its artificial light (10) into the light guide (5) and the propagation of the artificial light (10) takes place within the light guide (5) by total reflection and that a decoupling device (11) on the outside of the light guide (5) can be arranged adaptively is and at this point of the light guide (5) cancels the total reflection. Lighting system according to claim 24,
characterized,
that the outcoupling device (11) assigned to the lamp (8) is not identical to the outcoupling device (7) for the sunlight (9). Lighting system according to claim 25,
characterized,
that the coupling devices on the one hand for the sunlight (9) and on the other hand for the artificial light (10) are different and that the associated outcoupling devices (7, 11) are essentially only effective for the respectively assigned light sources. Lighting system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the light guide (5) is designed such that it additionally has diffuse light radiation.

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