Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/046—Salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
  • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
  • C11D17/0069—Laundry bars
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/14—Fillers; Abrasives ; Abrasive compositions; Suspending or absorbing agents not provided for in one single group of C11D3/12; Specific features concerning abrasives, e.g. granulometry or mixtures
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds

Definitions

• the invention relates to an abrasive detergent bar composition for cleaning hard surfaces and more particularly the compositions of the invention are suited for manual dishwashing.
• compositions typically comprise, one or more surfactants and a plurality of abrasives dispersed therein. Combinations of these together with electrolytes are generally used to form a structuring system as is well known in the art.
• Hard surfaces within household are Kitchenware, kitchen floors and platforms, floors, bathrooms etc. and one encounters different types of soil on these surfaces.
• the soil generally encountered on kitchenware is of two types i.e. the mobile or greasy soil and the tough or difficult to remove soil consisting of dried-on or cooked-on food. The problem becomes more pronounced when the tough soil builds on over a period of time and this requires considerable effort to clean.
• Cleaning compositions in the solid form are much cheaper than liquids because of low cost packaging and these are very popular forms for developing countries.
• the solid form bars are gaining popularity and growing rapidly in the market of developing countries because of better value delivery.
• the product dosage in the solid form is easier, it avoids spillage and the product application can be better controlled.
• Cleaning compositions in the bar form are economically superior to other product forms and the dosage per swipe from the bar is highly controlled.
• the dish wash bars are in constant contact with water during usage and subsequent storage and hence get sogged and generally get disintegrated to paste form. Any attempt to harden the bar if not properly controlled through formulation can results into a hard product, which would not release sufficient product for cleaning purpose. Therefore, it is a major challenge to ensure that there is no disintegration of the product during use, no wastage of product through mush generation yet the product is sufficiently soft to enable the users to pick up right quantity of product while cleaning dishes.
• IN166806 discloses a process for manufacturing detergent bars for fabric washing having good strength and handling properties during transport and use by the incorporation of various dessicants during neutralisation. Fabric wash bars are generally not suitable for cleaning tough soil encountered on hard surfaces.
• dish wash bars can be formulated using alternative materials as binders in place of clays.
• a detergent bar composition essentially comprising;
• composition according to the invention will preferably comprise detergent actives, which are generally chosen from both anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic detergent actives or mixtures thereof. It is also possible to include low levels of soap in the formulation. It is specifically preferred to use anionic detergent actives.
• Suitable anionic detergent active compounds are water soluble salts of organic sulphuric reaction products having in the molecular structure an alkyl radical containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and a radical chosen from sulphonic acid or sulphur acid ester radicals and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable anionic detergents are sodium and potassium alcohol sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphating the higher alcohols produced by reducing the glycerides of tallow or coconut oil ; sodium and potassium alkyl benzene sulphonates such as those in which the alkyl group contains from 9 to 15 carbon atoms; sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulphates, especially those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oil ; sodium coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulphates ; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric acid esters of the reaction product of one mole of a higher fatty alcohol and from 1 to 7 moles of ethylene oxide ; sodium and potassium salts of alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulphate with from 1 to 8 units of ethylene oxide molecule and in which the alkyl radicals contain from 4 to 14 carbon atoms; the reaction product of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralised with sodium hydroxide where
• the preferred water-soluble synthetic anionic detergent active compounds are the alkali metal (such as sodium and potassium) and alkaline earth metal (such as calcium and magnesium) salts of higher alkyl benzene sulphonates and mixtures with olefin sulphonates and higher alkyl sulphates, and the higher fatty acid monoglyceride sulphates.
• the most preferred anionic detergent active compounds are higher alkyl aromatic sulphonates such as higher alkyl benzene sulphonates containing from 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group in a straight or branched chain, particular examples of which are sodium salts of higher alkyl benzene sulphonates or of higher-alkyl toluene, xylene or phenol sulphonates, alkyl naphthalene sulphonates, ammonium diamyl naphthalene sulphonate, and sodium dinonyl naphthalene sulphonate.
• higher alkyl aromatic sulphonates such as higher alkyl benzene sulphonates containing from 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group in a straight or branched chain, particular examples of which are sodium salts of higher alkyl benzene sulphonates or of higher-alkyl toluene, xylene or
• soap denotes salts of carboxylic fatty acids.
• the soap may be derived from any of the triglycerides conventionally used in soap manufacture consequently the carboxylate anions in the soap may contain from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
• detergent-active compounds are compounds commonly used as surface-active agents given in the well-known textbooks "Surface Active Agents", Volume I by Schwartz and Perry and “Surface Active Agents and Detergents", Volume II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch.
• the total amount of detergent active compound to be employed in the detergent composition of the invention will preferably be from 10-20% by weight of the composition.
• the success of the invention lies in using soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal sulphates as a binders / builders for forming the formulation into a bar form in presence of abrasives and other conventional ingredients.
• the formulation also delivers the right hardness of the finished product while processing and hence facilitates direct on-line packing without needing any weathering as it is normally needed in conventional dishwash formulations.
• the invention also allows the flexibility in processing sequence with regards to alkaline earth metal sulphates addition at pre and post neutralisation.
• Suitable alkali and alkaline earth metal sulphates can be selected from sodium, magnesium, potassium, aluminium and calcium salt derivatives. These materials can be used individually or as a mixture.
• Suitable abrasives can be selected from, particulate zeolites, calcites, dolomites, feldspar, silicas, silicates, other carbonates, aluminas, bicarbonates, borates, sulphates and polymeric materials such as polyethylene.
• abrasive system with more than a single type of abrasive to achieve a balanced abrasive property. For eg. Studies show that combination of abrasives of different hardness in a formulation provide significant benefits in some of the user properties.
• Preferred abrasives for use in general purpose compositions particularly bars have a Mho hardness 2 - 6, one of the constraints for incorporation of abrasive material with higher hardness has been inabilities in development of a balanced formulation which can deliver increase level of abrasive properties without loosing or any compromise on other user properties.
• Preferred average particle sizes for the abrasive fall in the range 25-400 microns, with values of 30-200 microns being preferred.
• Preferred levels of total abrasive soluble and insoluble together range from 20-60-wt % on product, more preferably in the range 40-60-wt%.
• the other most preferred abrasives are calcium carbonate (as Calcite), sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sulphate, zeolite, alumina, hydrated alumina, feldspar, talc and silica.
• Calcite, feldspar and dolomite and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred due to their low cost, suitable hardness and colour.
• the detergency builders / alkaline buffer salts used in the formulation are preferably inorganic and suitable builders include, for example, alkali metal aluminosilicates (zeolites), sodium carbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), and combinations of these.
• Builders / alkaline buffer salts are suitably used in an amount ranging from 2 to 15% by wt, preferably from 5 to 10% by wt.
• ingredients such as fillers, solvents, amines, perfumes, colouring agents, flourescers, enzymes can also be used in the formulation, for example, in an amount up to 10 wt%.
• Fillers may be incorporated in the formulation if required and suitable for use in the formulation include kaolin, calcium carbonate (calcite), talc, soapstone, other clays and the combination of these materials, used singly or in combination, suitably in an amount ranging from 10 to 30% by weight.
• compositions according to the invention may optionally contain polymeric structuring agents to aid in providing appropriate rheological properties and in enhancing their distribution and adherence of the composition to the hard surface to be cleaned.
• a batch of 20 kg was processed by conventional bar processing technology. 3.5 kg of sodium carbonate and 7.0 kg of sodium sulphate was mixed with 5.85 kg of linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid in a sigma mixer. This was followed by additions of water, 2.4 kg of STPP, 11.80 kg of inert filler (dolomite) and other minor ingredients were added and mixed. The mixing was continued and followed by extrusion, billetin and stamping.
• a batch of 20 kg was processed by conventional bar processing technology. 2.7kg of sodium carbonate was mixed with 2.75 kg of linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid in a sigma mixer. This was followed by additions of water, 4.0 kg of sodium sulphate, 10.0 kg of inert filler (dolomite) and other minor ingredients were added and mixed. The mixing was continued and followed by extrusion, billeting and stamping.
• compositions of bars (A) and (B) are set out in Table 1.
• the bars according to the invention and control were analysed for processing parameters such as hardness and in use properties such as mush, tough soil cleaning and bar integrity were studied using the following procedure.
• the extruded bar hardness is measured by cone type penetrometer at ⁇ 0 ' time and the same bar is monitored for 10 days. The measurements are taken by forcing a cone into a plane surface under a pressure created by the addition of 50g for 5 seconds.
• the tough soil refers to burnt milk on stainless steel plates prepared using 2 ml of milk per plate at high temperature.
• the cleaning % is blind rated on visual & feel basis. The tests were carried out by trained expert panel members.
• Table 2 shows that the bars according to the invention are processable to form good compact bars (Fig. 1) with sufficient hardness as compared to the Control. Even during use the bars retain their shape and superior integrity (Fig. 2). The bars are also superior to the control in its performance as hard surface cleaner which was estimated in terms of tough soil cleaning.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (1)

Citations (6)

• 1999
  • 1999-11-23 EP EP99309350A patent/EP1103598A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (6)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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