EP1099089A1 - Light armour-plated element - Google Patents
Light armour-plated elementInfo
- Publication number
- EP1099089A1 EP1099089A1 EP99963149A EP99963149A EP1099089A1 EP 1099089 A1 EP1099089 A1 EP 1099089A1 EP 99963149 A EP99963149 A EP 99963149A EP 99963149 A EP99963149 A EP 99963149A EP 1099089 A1 EP1099089 A1 EP 1099089A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fiber composite
- layers
- element according
- armor element
- light armor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
- F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a light armor element, in particular for special protection vehicles, from at least two bullet-resistant layers.
- Armor elements are also known, which consist of different composite materials.
- a light armor according to DE 43 00 746 AI formed in a multilayer construction from two armor elements.
- Each armor element consists of a composite of a fiber composite layer and a highly hard metal layer. This metal layer is applied over the entire surface, which also increases the weight and makes three-dimensional deformation difficult.
- WO 96/18089 describes an element for absorbing the energy of a projectile, which also consists of there are several different layers.
- the first layer pointing in the weft direction is harder than 25 HRC, the second layer has a hardness of 20-40% of the first layer.
- a thin third layer absorbs or accumulates the energy of the projectile due to its deformation.
- the third layer consists of carbon steel, fiberglass or carbon-based materials.
- DE 34 26 458 AI describes a bullet-resistant laminate made from a large number of aramid fabric layers.
- the aramid fabric has the property of keeping the projectiles deformed or broken up into fragments by the impact or penetration of the hard material.
- very expensive tools are required to produce three-dimensional shapes from aramid fiber fabric.
- a bulletproof mat for covering vehicle walls is known from DE 195 43 127 AI. This consists of flexible, bulletproof fabric layers and is provided with a liquid-tight surface protection.
- the invention has for its object to develop a light armor element, in particular for special protection vehicles, which can be easily adapted to the requirements for bulletproofness, at the same time can be easily brought into three-dimensional shapes and can easily be adapted to the structural conditions of the vehicle.
- This object is achieved by the features of the first claim, which are further developed by the features of the subclaims.
- the light armor element consists of at least two bullet-resistant layers, at least two layers of different fiber composite layers being used which can be shaped three-dimensionally and are suitable for preventing the penetration of a projectile over the entire surface. It ensures at least the security against fire when using a handgun in the manner of a 357 Magnum caliber, with a solid-shell bullet-headed projectile with a soft core with a projectile mass of 10.2g and a speed of 430 ⁇ 10 m / s at a shooting distance of 5m, this corresponds to one Standard bombardment class B3 according to the classification of the European test standard EN 1063 (which corresponds to DIN EN 1063) and according to DIN EN 1522-1, or the stress type 2 for the bombardment of substances that inhibit attack according to DIN 52290 and - at least the bullet resistance when using a
- the penetration of the projectile is also avoided with a triangular bombardment with triple caliber spacing (multihit), when using solid shell bullet-head projectiles with soft core in conjunction with caliber 357 Magnum and solid-shell flat-head projectiles with soft core in conjunction with caliber 44 Remington Magnum.
- it has at least one first high-strength, high-strength fiber composite layer - hereinafter referred to as a hard fiber composite layer - and at least one second high energy absorption capacity even when the fiber composite layer has an impact load - hereinafter referred to as an elastic fiber composite layer.
- a plurality of first hard fiber composite layers and then a plurality of second elastic fiber composite layers are preferably arranged in the bombardment direction, so that a hard area composed of a plurality of hard fiber composite layers, which preferably restricts the projectile energy, is inserted
- Projectile restrained elastic area preferably consisting of several second elastic fiber composite layers follows.
- an area made of hard fiber composite layers may be followed by an area made of elastic fiber composite layers and then followed by an area made of hard fiber composite layers and in turn followed by an area made up of preferably several elastic fiber composite layers, etc., until it is ensured that the projectile is the light armor element no longer penetrates.
- a further, but not preferred variant also consists in first arranging one or more of the second fiber composite layers in the weft direction.
- the total number of fiber composite layers is to be varied in accordance with the required bullet security.
- the fiber composite layers preferably consist of organic and / or inorganic fibers embedded in binders. Flax fibers, hemp fibers, Sisal fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, polyethylene fibers or combinations of these fiber materials (eg aramid glass fibers, araitiid carbon fibers, natural aramid fibers, aramid polyethylene fibers) or other suitable fiber materials are used.
- thermosetting or thermoplastic it being possible to use, for example, phenolic resins, melamine resins or epoxy resins as thermosetting binders and, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene or polyamide or else polyvinyl butyral and polyurethanes as thermoplastic binders.
- the fiber composite layers are preferably manufactured as woven, laid, knitted or knitted fabrics with an amorphous, directional, bidirectional or unidirectional structure and can also be provided with 3-D entanglements or designed as three-dimensional knitted fabrics or molded parts for the highest requirements for bulletproofing.
- the first fiber composite layer which is said to have high-strength, high-strength properties, preferably consists of carbon fiber fabric
- the second fiber composite layer which is said to have a high energy absorption capacity even when subjected to an impact, preferably consists of aramid fiber fabric. Due to the properties of the first layer, this high-strength layer also solidifies when it hits the projectile. Due to the high energy absorption capacity, the second layer holds the projectile or its splinter firmly and prevents it from penetrating.
- a light armor element is created, which can be easily adapted to the respective requirements of bullet resistance and the structural conditions of the respective vehicle by combining the number, sequence and composition of the different fiber composite layers.
- Another important advantage is the weight saving compared to conventional armor.
- the use of flexible fiber composite layers with different properties guarantees good three-dimensional deformability compared to bullet-proof mats made of aramid fiber fabrics (even with radius areas with small radii or in corner areas of angles) and thus easy adaptation to the desired surface contours. Equipping vehicles with armor is thus made considerably easier and improved.
- the light armor elements give the impression of standard interior linings.
- the carbon fiber layers ensure better stabilization of the light armor elements overall, which also achieves more favorable properties in crash situations.
- the wall thickness of the light armor element can be reduced in a simple manner by omitting fiber composite layers.
- the novel armor element has a mat-like structure. Due to the excellent ballistic properties of the light armor element according to the invention, it is possible to significantly reduce the wall thicknesses compared to armor made of polymeric materials and combinations with them (e.g. aramid fiber fabric) and to withstand firing classes of at least B3 and B4 as well as the edge bombardment and the bombardment at a 45 ° angle .
- Known types of fabric and binders are combined in such a way that they form a light armor element, which, due to its strength and elasticity, is light in weight, low in wall thickness and good three-dimensional Formability is suitable to meet the highest requirements for bullet security.
- Fig. 1 Light armor element with 3 fiber composite layers made of carbon fiber fabric and 13 fiber composite layers made of aramid fiber fabric
- Fig. 2 Light armor element with 6 fiber composite layers made of carbon fiber fabric and 13 fiber composite layers made of aramid fiber fabric
- Fig. 3 Light armor element with 6 fiber composite layers made of carbon fiber fabric and 29 fiber composite layers made of aramid fiber fabric
- Fig. 4 Light armor element with two hard areas made of 3 layers of 3 carbon each and from 17 fiber composite layers made of aramid fiber fabric
- FIG. 5 Light armor element with first alternating areas of different fiber composite layers and a subsequent area of similar layers.
- FIG. 6 Light armor element with reinforced edge zone
- Fig. 1 a section of a light armor element is shown, as it can be used for example for standard fire (triangular fire at a distance of 120mm, with a 44 Remington Magnum), fire class B4 according to EN 1063, DIN EN 1063 and stress type 3 according to DIN 52290 .
- the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of casting.
- three layers of hard fiber composite layers 1 in the form of carbon fiber fabric are arranged in the firing direction, followed by thirteen layers of elastic fiber composite layers made of aramid fiber fabric.
- the 3 fiber composite layers 1 made of carbon fiber fabric had a total weight of 788 g / m 2 and the thirteen layers of fiber composite layers 2 made of aramid fiber fabric had a total weight of 6,474 g / m 2 .
- the fiber composite layers 1 and 2 have been connected to one another by 88 g / m 2 phenolic resin. The weight of the light armor element could thus be reduced to only 8.7 kg / m 2 .
- a light armor element with 6 layers of carbon fiber fabric (hard fiber composite layers 1) and 20 layers of aramid fiber fabric 2 (elastic fiber composite layers 2) is shown in FIG. 2. First are in Arranged the 6 layers of carbon fiber fabric and then the 20 layers of aramid fiber fabric.
- Multihit is the technical term for a triangular shot with three times the caliber spacing, which places increased demands on the armor element to prevent the projectile from penetrating.
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment variant with 6 carbon fiber layers (hard fiber composite layers 1) and 29 aramid fiber layers (elastic fiber composite layers 2), which are arranged in the same order as in the two aforementioned examples.
- Multihit with a Magnum 357 have 6 layers of carbon fiber and 29 layers of aramid fiber sufficient to reliably intercept the projectiles.
- the carbon fiber fabric was likewise a basis weight of a total of 1.664g / m 2 and the aramid fiber fabric has a basis weight of a total of 14,442 g / m 2.
- the combination with 88 g / m 2 phenolic resin resulted in a weight of 19.3 kg / m 2 .
- three fiber composite layers 2 made of aramid fiber fabric are arranged between each 3 fiber composite layers 1 made of carbon fiber fabric.
- a hard area made of 3 carbon fiber layers which absorbs the energy of the projectile at least partially, follows an elastic area made of 3 aramid fiber layers, which tries to hold back the deformed projectile or projectile splinter.
- the wall thicknesses of the new types of lightweight armor elements are between 5 and 20 mm, and in some cases fall significantly short of the wall thicknesses of known armor made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, aramid fabrics or other known combinations in a multi-layer construction.
- Hard fiber composite layers and less hard fiber composite layers as well as elastic and less elastic fiber composite layers can also be combined accordingly in accordance with further embodiments not shown.
- the following material shapes can be arranged one after the other from the projectile direction in the opposite direction:
- the number of fiber composite layers in the corresponding areas must be selected in accordance with the required bullet security. If a conventional steel armor element is used, its wall thickness is generally not adapted to the respective bulletproofness, since a corresponding gradation of the sheet thickness would be too expensive.
- the edge region 3 according to FIG. 6 can also be reinforced in the bombardment direction. In this case, 10 additional elastic fiber composite layers 2 arranged over the entire area were added in the edge region 3, a further 10 elastic fiber composite layers 2.
- the hard fiber composite layer 3 is located above all fiber composite layers 2 in the bombardment direction.
- the weapon classes and calibers are assigned to the bullet classes B1 to B7 according to DIN EN 1026.
- the continuous upper line indicates the use of steel
- the dashed lower line the use of the new light armor elements.
- these can also withstand fire class B7, with a significantly lower weight than steel and with better processability and variability.
- the light armor elements can be designed in the manner of mats or molded parts. Thanks to their flexibility, they can be easily shaped into the desired surface contours, i.e. good drapability is guaranteed, which means that even complex contours can be reproduced. At the same time, instability is avoided by the layers with a higher strength (carbon fiber layers).
- the fiber composite layers 1 and / or 2 can, depending on the requirement, also be less than in the aforementioned exemplary embodiments.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19832255 | 1998-07-17 | ||
DE19832255A DE19832255A1 (en) | 1998-07-17 | 1998-07-17 | Lightweight armor, e.g. for security vehicles, comprises at least two different fiber laminate layers which can be molded three-dimensionally. |
PCT/DE1999/002135 WO2000006966A1 (en) | 1998-07-17 | 1999-07-06 | Light armour-plated element |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1099089A1 true EP1099089A1 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
EP1099089B1 EP1099089B1 (en) | 2002-10-23 |
Family
ID=7874458
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99963149A Expired - Lifetime EP1099089B1 (en) | 1998-07-17 | 1999-07-06 | Light armour-plated element |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1099089B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5966699A (en) |
DE (2) | DE19832255A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000006966A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10114075B4 (en) | 2001-03-22 | 2005-08-18 | Semikron Elektronik Gmbh | Power converter circuitry for dynamically variable power output generators |
DE10162461B4 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2005-12-29 | Fauner, Gerhard, Prof. Dr. | Bombardment-resistant liner with shielding or deflecting effect against electromagnetic radiation |
DE10231607B4 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2005-03-24 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | armor panel |
DE102005019455B4 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2010-09-30 | Schuberth Engineering Ag | Resistant layer package |
US7598185B2 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2009-10-06 | Polystrand, Inc. | Composite ballistic panels and method of use |
EP2156135B1 (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2012-01-11 | Polystrand, Inc. | Composite ballistic panels and method of use |
WO2012013738A1 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-02 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Ballistic resistant article |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2925098A (en) * | 1955-07-26 | 1960-02-16 | Gentex Corp | Ballistic fabric |
US3771418A (en) * | 1971-09-29 | 1973-11-13 | Us Army | Anti-spall lightweight armor |
IT1084874B (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1985-05-28 | Bottini Emilio | PROJECTIVE COMPOSITE MATERIAL, FORMABLE IN FLAT AND CURVED SLABS OR IN CABLE BODIES OF COMPLEX SHAPE |
FR2544481A1 (en) * | 1983-04-13 | 1984-10-19 | Yves Moriceau | MULTILAYER PROTECTION STRUCTURE AGAINST PROJECTILES |
NL8403529A (en) * | 1984-11-20 | 1986-06-16 | Synterials B V | Armour plate to stop ballistic projectile - contg. aramid fibres layer, in e.g. epoxy! based matrix, contains carbon fibre and/or metallic layers possibly on mineral sub-layers |
US4681792A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1987-07-21 | Allied Corporation | Multi-layered flexible fiber-containing articles |
WO1991000490A1 (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1991-01-10 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Ballistic-resistant composite article |
DE9215781U1 (en) | 1992-11-20 | 1993-01-14 | Trasco Export GmbH, 2820 Bremen | Armour, especially for vehicles |
DE4300746C2 (en) | 1993-01-14 | 1995-10-26 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag | Light armor |
JPH10510355A (en) | 1994-12-09 | 1998-10-06 | フォス エレクトリック アクティーゼルスカブ | Information acquisition method |
-
1998
- 1998-07-17 DE DE19832255A patent/DE19832255A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-07-06 EP EP99963149A patent/EP1099089B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-06 WO PCT/DE1999/002135 patent/WO2000006966A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-07-06 AU AU59666/99A patent/AU5966699A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-06 DE DE59903185T patent/DE59903185D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0006966A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19832255A1 (en) | 2000-01-27 |
EP1099089B1 (en) | 2002-10-23 |
AU5966699A (en) | 2000-02-21 |
DE59903185D1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
WO2000006966A1 (en) | 2000-02-10 |
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