EP1090156B1 - Treatment of an aluminium alloy melt - Google Patents

Treatment of an aluminium alloy melt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1090156B1
EP1090156B1 EP99928168A EP99928168A EP1090156B1 EP 1090156 B1 EP1090156 B1 EP 1090156B1 EP 99928168 A EP99928168 A EP 99928168A EP 99928168 A EP99928168 A EP 99928168A EP 1090156 B1 EP1090156 B1 EP 1090156B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
max
magnesium
melt
vanadium
beryllium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99928168A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1090156A1 (en
Inventor
Hubert Koch
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Aluminium Rheinfelden GmbH
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Aluminium Rheinfelden GmbH
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Priority to EP99928168A priority Critical patent/EP1090156B1/en
Publication of EP1090156A1 publication Critical patent/EP1090156A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1090156B1 publication Critical patent/EP1090156B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the production of aluminum-magnesium cast alloys according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a metal melt that is ready to be cast is kept at a melt temperature of, for example, 750 ° C. for more than 50 hours.
  • Aluminum-magnesium alloys with a higher magnesium content tend to be scratched after longer periods of standing.
  • the presence of magnesium in the melt means that the protective oxide skin, which normally prevents oxidation of the aluminum, becomes permeable and the reaction of the aluminum with oxygen can proceed.
  • a cauliflower-like scab is formed on the melt, which mainly consists of spinel (MgO ⁇ Al 2 O 3 ) Metal bath is prevented by temperature stratification.
  • EP-A-0 594 509, JP-A-7 197 177 and EP-A-0 110 190 are wrought alloys with a vanadium content to achieve a recrystallization-inhibiting effect or to avoid a coarsening of the grain during homogenization is known.
  • the invention has for its object by alloying Measures a higher scratch resistance for aluminum-magnesium alloys bring about as this with a beryllium additive after the State of the art is possible.
  • the melt is preferred 0.02 to 0.05% by weight of vanadium added.
  • magnesium With a content of more than 3.5% by weight of magnesium, an addition is sufficient from 25 to 50 ppm beryllium, preferably 25 to 35 ppm beryllium. Is the Magnesium content in the melt lower than 3.5 wt .-%, so less than 25 ppm beryllium required to provide high resistance to scratching achieve. With lower requirements for the tendency to scratch, it can even no beryllium is added.
  • a preferred application of the method according to the invention lies in Manufacture of cast alloys with
  • the process according to the invention for production is particularly preferred of die casting alloys.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The dross forming tendency of an aluminum-magnesium alloy melt is reduced by addition of vanadium and a very small quantity of beryllium. The susceptibility of an aluminum alloy melt containing ≥ 2.5 wt.% Mg to dross formation is reduced by addition of 0.02-0.15 wt.% V and less than 60 ppm Be.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aluminium-Magnesium-Gusslegierungen nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a method for the production of aluminum-magnesium cast alloys according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei einem Betriebsunterbruch in einer Giesserei, beispielsweise über Feiertage oder über ein Wochenende, kann es vorkommen, dass eine an sich giessfertige Metallschmelze während mehr als 50 h auf einer Schmelzetemperatur von beispielsweise 750°C gehalten wird. Aluminium-Magnesium-Legierungen mit höherem Magnesiumgehalt neigen nach längeren Abstehzeiten zur Verkrätzung. Die Anwesenheit von Magnesium in der Schmelze bewirkt, dass die schützenden Oxidhaut, die eine Oxidation des Aluminiums im Normalfall verhindert, durchlässig wird und die Reaktion des Aluminiums mit Sauerstoff ablaufen kann. Auf der Schmelze bildet sich eine blumenkohlartige Krätze, die vorwiegend aus Spinell (MgO · Al2O3) besteht Durch Deckelheizungsöfen wird dieser Vorgang weiter verstärkt, da die Temperatur der Metallbadoberfläche bedingt durch die Strahlungswärme der Heizstäbe im Deckel sehr hoch ist und eine Konvektion im Metallbad durch Temperaturschichtung verhindert wird. Aufgrund der Schwerkraftseigerung reichert sich Magnesium in der Nähe der Schmelzeoberfläche an und führt zu einer zusätzlichen Verstärkung dieses Effektes. Die sich bildende Krätze ist sehr hart, hat eine blumenkohlartige Morphologie und sinkt auf den Tiegelboden ab, so dass der ganze Ofen kontaminiert werden kann, wenn nicht früh genug abgekrätzt wird. Die Verkrätzung setzt umso früher ein, je höher die Schmelzetemperatur ist.In the event of an interruption in operation in a foundry, for example over public holidays or over a weekend, it can happen that a metal melt that is ready to be cast is kept at a melt temperature of, for example, 750 ° C. for more than 50 hours. Aluminum-magnesium alloys with a higher magnesium content tend to be scratched after longer periods of standing. The presence of magnesium in the melt means that the protective oxide skin, which normally prevents oxidation of the aluminum, becomes permeable and the reaction of the aluminum with oxygen can proceed. A cauliflower-like scab is formed on the melt, which mainly consists of spinel (MgO · Al 2 O 3 ) Metal bath is prevented by temperature stratification. Due to the increase in gravity, magnesium accumulates in the vicinity of the melt surface and leads to an additional intensification of this effect. The scab that forms is very hard, has a cauliflower-like morphology, and sinks to the bottom of the crucible, so that the entire oven can be contaminated if it is not scrapped early enough. The higher the melt temperature, the earlier the scratching starts.

Es ist bekannt, dass die Verkrätzung von Aluminium-Magnesium-Legierungen durch Zulegieren von Beryllium abgemildert wird, aber nicht ganz vermieden werden kann. Es wurde beobachtet, dass der Berylliumgehalt in einer Aluminium-Magnesium-Legierung in der Schmelze mit der Zeit abnimmt und offenbar beim Unterschreiten einer kritischen Berylliumkonzentration eine rasche Krätzebildung auf der Schmelze einsetzt. Eine erhöhte Berylliumzugabe zur Metallschmelze ist wegen der karzinogenen Eigenschaften von Beryllium unerwünscht und sollte deshalb möglichst vermieden werden.It is known that the scratching of aluminum-magnesium alloys is softened by adding beryllium, but not completely avoided can be. It has been observed that the beryllium content in an aluminum-magnesium alloy in the melt decreases with time and apparently if it falls below a critical beryllium concentration, rapid scabbing on the melt. An increased addition of beryllium to the molten metal is undesirable because of the carcinogenic properties of beryllium and should therefore be avoided if possible.

Aus US-A-5 540 791, EP-A-0 594 509, JP-A-7 197 177 und EP-A-0 110 190 sind Knetlegierungen mit einem Vanadiumgehalt zur Erzielung einer rekristallisationshemmenden Wirkung bzw. Zur Vermeidung einer Kornvergröberung bei der Homogenisierung bekannt.From US-A-5 540 791, EP-A-0 594 509, JP-A-7 197 177 and EP-A-0 110 190 are wrought alloys with a vanadium content to achieve a recrystallization-inhibiting effect or to avoid a coarsening of the grain during homogenization is known.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, durch legierungstechnische Massnahmen einen höheren Verkrätzungswiderstand für Aluminium-Magnesium-Legierungen herbeizuführen als dies mit einem Berylliumzusatz nach dem Stand der Technik möglich ist.The invention has for its object by alloying Measures a higher scratch resistance for aluminum-magnesium alloys bring about as this with a beryllium additive after the State of the art is possible.

Zur erfindungsgemässen Lösung der Aufgabe führt ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens sind gegenstand abhängiger Ansprüche.This leads to the achievement of the object according to the invention a method having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention are subject of dependent claims.

Überraschend hat sich gezeigt, dass durch Zulegieren von Vanadium die krätzevermindemde Zugabe von Beryllium in erheblich kleinerer Menge erfolgen kann als ohne Vanadiumzugabe, wobei im allgemeinen die Zugabe von Vanadium in einer Menge von weniger als 0.05 Gew.-% auch bei Legierungen mit einem Gehalt von mehr als 5 Gew.-% Magnesium ausreicht.Surprisingly, it has been shown that the addition of vanadium reduces the dross Add beryllium in a significantly smaller amount can be added without vanadium, generally adding Vanadium in an amount of less than 0.05% by weight even with alloys with a content of more than 5 wt .-% magnesium is sufficient.

Bevorzugt wird der Schmelze 0.02 bis 0.05 Gew.-% Vanadium, zugegeben.The melt is preferred 0.02 to 0.05% by weight of vanadium added.

Bei einem Gehalt von mehr als 3.5 Gew.-% Magnesium genügt eine Zugabe von 25 bis 50 ppm Beryllium, vorzugsweise 25 bis 35 ppm Beryllium. Liegt der Gehalt von Magnesium in der Schmelze tiefer als 3.5 Gew.-%, so sind weniger als 25 ppm Beryllium erforderlich, um einen hohen Verkrätzungswiderstand zu erzielen. Bei geringeren Anforderungen an die Verkrätzungsneigung kann sogar auf eine Berylliumzugabe verzichtet werden.With a content of more than 3.5% by weight of magnesium, an addition is sufficient from 25 to 50 ppm beryllium, preferably 25 to 35 ppm beryllium. Is the Magnesium content in the melt lower than 3.5 wt .-%, so less than 25 ppm beryllium required to provide high resistance to scratching achieve. With lower requirements for the tendency to scratch, it can even no beryllium is added.

Eine bevorzugte Anwendung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens liegt in der Herstellung von Gusslegierungen mit A preferred application of the method according to the invention lies in Manufacture of cast alloys with

Besonders bevorzugt wird das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckgusslegierungen eingesetzt.The process according to the invention for production is particularly preferred of die casting alloys.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen.Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments.

Je ca. 50 kg einer Aluminium-Magnesium-Legierung mit unterschiedlichem Beryllium- und Vanadiumgehalt wurden in einem Tiegel im Induktionsofen aufgeschmolzen. Anschliessend wurde der Tiegel in einen Widerstandsofen überführt und dort bei einer Temperatur von 750°C gehalten. Die chemischen Analysen (in Gew.-%) der untersuchten Chargen sind in Tabelle 1 zusammengefasst. Die Chargen 1 und 3 bis 6 weisen einen erfindungsgemässen Vanadiumgehalt auf, die Charge 2 liegt mit ihrem Vanadiumgehalt ausserhalb des erfindungsgemässen Bereichs.Approx. 50 kg each of an aluminum-magnesium alloy with different beryllium and vanadium content were melted in a crucible in the induction furnace. The crucible was then transferred to a resistance furnace and kept there at a temperature of 750 ° C. The chemical analyzes (in% by weight) of the batches examined are summarized in Table 1. Batches 1 and 3 to 6 have a vanadium content according to the invention on, the batch 2 with its vanadium content lies outside of that according to the invention Range.

In bestimmten Zeitabständen wurden von den verschiedenen Chargen zur Bestimmung der chemischen Zusammensetzung Proben genommen. Des weiteren wurde die Schmelzeoberfläche in bestimmten Zeitabständen beobachtet, um den Zeitpunkt der verstärkten Krätzebildung zu bestimmen. Tabelle 2 zeigt die Zeit bis zur Verkrätzung der Schmelze in Abhängigkeit vom Beryllium- und Vanadiumgehalt der Legierung. Die Ergebnisse deuten daraufhin, dass zumindest bei den untersuchten Aluminium-Magnesium-Legierungen mit hohem Magnesiumgehalt eine geringe Menge Beryllium neben dem erfindungsgemässen Anteil an Vanadium in der Schmelze vorhanden sein muss, damit ein hoher Verkrätzungwiderstand erzielt werden kann. Andererseits genügt bei einer Zugabe von Vanadium im erfindungsgemässen Bereich bereits ein Berylliumgehalt von etwa 25 ppm, um den Verkrätzungswiderstand erheblich zu verbessern. Charge Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti Be V 1 2.36 0.08 <0.001 0.78 5.31 <0.001 0.002 0.13 0.0011 0.072 2 2.30 0.08 <0.001 0.74 5.69 <0.001 0.01 0.11 0.0043 0.0052 3 2.37 0.08 <0.001 0.79 5.28 <0.001 0.002 0.12 0.0026 0.080 4 2.38 0.08 <0.001 0.78 5.27 <0.001 0.002 0.08 0.0026 0.072 5 2.47 0.11 <0.001 0.70 6.29 <0.001 0.006 0.13 0.0033 0.021 6 2.13 0.09 <0.001 0.70 5.61 <0.002 0.005 0.15 0.0025 0.045 Charge Be-Gehalt [ppm] V-Gehalt [Gew.-%] Zeit bis zur Verkrätzung [h] 1 11 0.072 68 2 43 0.005 63 3 26 0.080 158 4 26 0.072 139 5 33 0.021 160 6 25 0.045 171 The various batches were sampled at certain intervals to determine the chemical composition. Furthermore, the melt surface was observed at certain time intervals in order to determine the point in time of the increased dross formation. Table 2 shows the time until the melt is etched depending on the beryllium and vanadium content of the alloy. The results indicate that at least in the aluminum-magnesium alloys with a high magnesium content examined, a small amount of beryllium must be present in the melt in addition to the proportion of vanadium according to the invention, so that a high resistance to scratching can be achieved. On the other hand, with the addition of vanadium in the range according to the invention, a beryllium content of about 25 ppm is already sufficient to significantly improve the resistance to scratching. charge Si Fe Cu Mn mg Cr Zn Ti Be V 1 2:36 00:08 <0001 0.78 5.31 <0001 0002 00:13 0.0011 0072 2 2.30 00:08 <0001 0.74 5.69 <0001 00:01 00:11 0.0043 0.0052 3 2:37 00:08 <0001 0.79 5.28 <0001 0002 00:12 0.0026 0080 4 2:38 00:08 <0001 0.78 5.27 <0001 0002 00:08 0.0026 0072 5 2:47 00:11 <0001 0.70 6.29 <0001 0006 00:13 0.0033 0021 6 2.13 00:09 <0001 0.70 5.61 <0002 0005 00:15 0.0025 0045 charge Be content [ppm] V content [% by weight] Time to scratch [h] 1 11 0072 68 2 43 0005 63 3 26 0080 158 4 26 0072 139 5 33 0021 160 6 25 0045 171

Claims (5)

  1. Process for the production of aluminium-magnesium casting alloys with a content of at least 2.5 w.% magnesium, characterised in that to the alloy in its molten state, to reduce the susceptibility of the alloy melt to dross-forming, are added 0.02 to 0.08 w.% vanadium and 11 to 50 ppm beryllium.
  2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that to the melt is added 0.02 to 0.05 w.% vanadium.
  3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that to the melt is added 11 to 35 ppm beryllium.
  4. Process according to claim 1 for the production of casting alloys with
    2.5 to 7 w.% magnesium
    max. 2.5 w.% silicon
    max. 1.6 w.% manganese
    max. 0.2 w.% titanium
    max. 0.3 w.% iron
    max. 0.2 w.% cobalt
    0.02 to 0.08 w.% vanadium
    11 to 50 ppm beryllium
    and aluminium as remainder and production-induced contaminants, individually max. 0.05 w.%, total max. 0.15 w.%.
  5. Process according to claim 4 for the production of casting alloys.
EP99928168A 1998-06-26 1999-06-21 Treatment of an aluminium alloy melt Expired - Lifetime EP1090156B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99928168A EP1090156B1 (en) 1998-06-26 1999-06-21 Treatment of an aluminium alloy melt

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98810594A EP0967294A1 (en) 1998-06-26 1998-06-26 Treatment of an aluminium melt
EP98810594 1998-06-26
EP99928168A EP1090156B1 (en) 1998-06-26 1999-06-21 Treatment of an aluminium alloy melt
PCT/IB1999/001260 WO2000000654A1 (en) 1998-06-26 1999-06-21 Treatment of an aluminium alloy melt

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1090156A1 EP1090156A1 (en) 2001-04-11
EP1090156B1 true EP1090156B1 (en) 2003-03-19

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EP98810594A Withdrawn EP0967294A1 (en) 1998-06-26 1998-06-26 Treatment of an aluminium melt
EP99928168A Expired - Lifetime EP1090156B1 (en) 1998-06-26 1999-06-21 Treatment of an aluminium alloy melt

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Country Status (11)

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US (1) US6994759B1 (en)
EP (2) EP0967294A1 (en)
JP (1) JP4287594B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE234941T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4528099A (en)
BR (1) BR9911582A (en)
CA (1) CA2336016C (en)
DE (1) DE59904642D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2193716T3 (en)
NO (1) NO331736B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000000654A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010055120A1 (en) * 2010-12-18 2012-06-21 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Spark plug for motor vehicle, has inner conductor, insulator that surrounds inner conductor, spark plug body that surrounds insulator and two electrodes, which form ignition gap
EP4194575A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-14 Aluminium Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH Addition of calcium and vanadium to almg alloys

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10206035A1 (en) * 2002-02-14 2003-08-28 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Aluminum-based alloy used in the production of a piston for use in an internal combustion engine contains alloying additions of silicon, magnesium, vanadium and beryllium
GB201205655D0 (en) * 2012-03-30 2012-05-16 Jaguar Cars Alloy and method of production thereof
CN108034871A (en) * 2017-11-21 2018-05-15 保定隆达铝业有限公司 A kind of almag of two width formula frame of handwheel casting and preparation method thereof

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US2336512A (en) * 1939-09-19 1943-12-14 Aluminum Co Of America Aluminum base alloy
SU530919A1 (en) * 1975-07-31 1976-10-05 Предприятие П/Я Р-6209 Aluminum based alloy
CH601483A5 (en) * 1976-12-03 1978-07-14 Alusuisse
IT1154589B (en) * 1982-11-26 1987-01-21 Italia Alluminio ALUMINUM ALLOYS FOR NUCLEAR EQUIPMENT
US4661172A (en) * 1984-02-29 1987-04-28 Allied Corporation Low density aluminum alloys and method
EP0594509B1 (en) * 1992-10-23 1996-08-14 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Process for manufacturing Al-Mg alloy sheets for press forming
JP2844411B2 (en) * 1993-07-12 1999-01-06 スカイアルミニウム株式会社 Aluminum alloy sheet for superplastic forming capable of cold preforming and method for producing the same
JPH07197177A (en) * 1994-01-10 1995-08-01 Sky Alum Co Ltd Aluminum alloy rolled sheet for superplastic formation and low in cavitation

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010055120A1 (en) * 2010-12-18 2012-06-21 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Spark plug for motor vehicle, has inner conductor, insulator that surrounds inner conductor, spark plug body that surrounds insulator and two electrodes, which form ignition gap
EP4194575A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-14 Aluminium Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH Addition of calcium and vanadium to almg alloys
WO2023104652A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Aluminium Rheinfelden Alloys Gmbh Addition of calcium and vanadium to almg alloys

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4287594B2 (en) 2009-07-01
EP1090156A1 (en) 2001-04-11
JP2002519510A (en) 2002-07-02
EP0967294A1 (en) 1999-12-29
WO2000000654A1 (en) 2000-01-06
ATE234941T1 (en) 2003-04-15
CA2336016C (en) 2008-02-12
DE59904642D1 (en) 2003-04-24
AU4528099A (en) 2000-01-17
BR9911582A (en) 2001-03-20
ES2193716T3 (en) 2003-11-01
CA2336016A1 (en) 2000-01-06
NO20006494D0 (en) 2000-12-19
US6994759B1 (en) 2006-02-07
NO20006494L (en) 2000-12-19
NO331736B1 (en) 2012-03-12

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