EP1088193B1 - A drier for grain and granular materials in general - Google Patents
A drier for grain and granular materials in general Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1088193B1 EP1088193B1 EP99929143A EP99929143A EP1088193B1 EP 1088193 B1 EP1088193 B1 EP 1088193B1 EP 99929143 A EP99929143 A EP 99929143A EP 99929143 A EP99929143 A EP 99929143A EP 1088193 B1 EP1088193 B1 EP 1088193B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conveyor means
- chamber
- screw conveyor
- vertical
- horizontal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
- F26B9/08—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements
- F26B9/082—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried
- F26B9/087—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried the recirculation path being positioned outside the drying enclosure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drier for grain and granular materials in general, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a drier for example from US-A-3 557 979.
- Grain is normally dried upon harvesting to prevent it from deteriorating; the present invention is for application particularly but not exclusively in the field of mobile driers which are positioned in the vicinity of the grain-harvesting areas in order to dry the grain on the spot within short periods of time.
- a conventional drier of the type which is the subject of the invention comprises a vertical, cylindrical drying chamber, a heating unit for producing hot air, and a fan which admits the hot air to the drying chamber and circulates it to promote evaporation of the moisture contained in the grain being dried.
- a screw conveyor is disposed along the central vertical axis of the drying chamber into which the bulk grain is loaded.
- the moist material is picked up from the base by the screw conveyor and is carried to the top of the screw, so that the material is caused to circulate inside the drying chamber in order to bring about movements of material which accelerate the drying process and render it uniform.
- Screw conveyors disposed vertically inside the cylindrical drying chamber have some disadvantages, one of which is connected with their bulk which limits the useful volume of the drying chamber.
- US 3557979 discloses a bin for drying grain having auger devices for removing the dried grain from the bin.
- the auger devices are provided for conveying the dried grain to a central floor opening in which a further auger for conveying the grain outside the bin is provided.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an improved, high-performance drier which can make maximum use of the volume of its drying chamber.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a drier which improves the circulation and mixing of the material and prevents stagnation thereof in order to achieve, within short periods of time, a high and homogeneous degree of drying of the bulk grain to be dried.
- a further object of the present invention is to propose a drier in which the loading of the moist material to be dried is also improved.
- a mobile drier according to the present invention for grain and other granular materials, is generally indicated 1.
- the drier 1 comprises a drying chamber, generally indicated 10, which is composed of a cylindrical, main, upper portion 10a and a frustoconical, hopper-like lower portion 10b which terminates in an output opening 11 closable by a horizontal sliding shutter plate 11a.
- the chamber 10 is mounted on wheels 12 so that the drier is mobile and can be transported to the vicinity of the harvesting location where drying is performed. Beneath the output opening 11, and hence outside the chamber 10, there is a horizontal screw conveyor, generally indicated 14.
- the horizontal conveyor 14 comprises an internal screw in which it is possible to distinguish a first, central portion 14a oriented so as to transport the material coming from the output opening 11 in a radially outward direction (as indicated by the arrow A) towards the periphery of the chamber, where the screw conveyor 14 is coupled to a vertical screw conveyor 15.
- the vertical conveyor 15 extends parallel to the central vertical axis X of the chamber and extends vertically from the base of the chamber to a point situated above the top of the chamber 10. At the top of the vertical screw conveyor 15 there is an inclined outlet duct 19 along which the material which comes out of the vertical conveyor 15 can fall into the chamber 10 or to the exterior during the discharge (emptying) of the drier.
- the horizontal screw conveyor 14 is extended externally and radially beyond the point of coupling with the vertical conveyor 15, forming a second portion or outer appendage 14b; in this second portion, the spirals of the screw 14 are oriented in opposition to those of the first, central portion, that is, so as to transport material from the exterior towards the point of coupling with the vertical screw conveyor (as indicated by the arrow B in Figure 1).
- the opposed portions 14a and 14b are connected by a radial blade 24 for urging the material arriving either from the right or from the left into a chamber 23 which contains the lower portion or foot of the vertical screw 15.
- the outer appendage 14b of the horizontal screw conveyor is arranged for the loading of the moist material to be dried by means of a loading conveyor, indicated 17, which is driven by a transmission system 18 connected to the screw conveyor 14, and hence to the power take-off 16;
- the loading conveyor 17, which is preferably also of the screw type, is arranged for receiving the as yet moist grain harvested and transporting it in the direction indicated by the arrow C, towards an end 17a which is disposed above the outer appendage 14b of the horizontal screw conveyor.
- the loading conveyor 17 can advantageously be tilted to adopt an inactive, vertical position (not shown) for operations during which it is not required to operate, for example, for transportation or during the drying process upon completion of the loading.
- a reduction gear for taking the drive from the horizontal screw 14 and transferring it to the vertical screw 15 is indicated 20.
- a mixer with radial blades 21 which are spoon-shaped so as to provide both for mixing of the grain and for directing it from the exterior towards the interior in a substantially radial direction.
- the mixer can collect all of the material falling down in order to supply it to the output opening.
- the optional presence of conventional auxiliary scrapers (not shown), rotated about the axis of the mixer 21 and passing close to the wall of the hopper 10b, is also envisaged.
- a heating unit is also provided for producing hot air and admitting it to the drying chamber to promote evaporation of the moisture contained in the grain.
- the drier according to the present invention operates as follows.
- the moist material is loaded onto the loading conveyor 17 where it reaches the end 17a and falls by gravity into the outer appendage 14b of the horizontal screw.
- a box-like container 22 surrounds the end 17a laterally in order to direct the moist grain into the appendage 14b, preventing it from being dispersed.
- the material admitted to the horizontal screw from the exterior is transported towards the point of coupling with the vertical screw conveyor 15, where it is picked up by this vertical screw and lifted to the top thereof in order then to be discharged through the duct 19 and to fall into the upper portion of the drying chamber 10.
- the grain inside the chamber 10 continues gradually downwards until it emerges from the lower opening 11, where it is loaded onto the central portion 14a of the horizontal screw conveyor 14 and is thus transported towards the vertical conveyor 15.
- the forced supply by means of the vertical screw 15 prevents stagnation or partial rejection of the grain during the initial drying stage (moist grain) and a consequent reduction in the recirculation rate.
- the mixing and recirculation cycle then continues normally by means of the vertical conveyor 15, the upper outlet duct 19, the drying chamber 10, and the portion 14a of the horizontal screw conveyor.
- the drier according to the present invention enables maximum use to be made of the capacity of the drying chamber, considerably increasing the performance of the plant and thus reducing running costs. Moreover, there are no points of stagnation of the material and/or variations in the recirculation rate so that the drying which is achieved is homogeneous throughout the bulk material in circulation; moreover, the drying times necessary to achieve, throughout the bulk material, the degree of humidity required for optimal preservation of the material are reduced.
- the drier of the present invention puts all of the material emerging from the output opening 11 into forced circulation, transporting it forcedly in the vertical screw conveyor 15.
- the mixer 21 is positioned and shaped in a manner such as also to force the grain which is disposed close to the wall of the drier to slide downwards; the material disposed further towards the interior, which is more greatly affected by the drying hot-air flow is thus mixed quickly and uniformly with that situated in the peripheral portion of the chamber.
- the mixer 21 which works in the bottom of the frustoconical portion of the drying chamber with short blades, is subject to a very low resisting torque, even in the presence of very moist grain.
- the blade mixers also have to shift the material from the conical wall of the drying chamber in order to bring the material uniformly towards the bottom and therefore include long blades which encounter a large resisting torque.
- the drier of the invention advantageously works with an approximately constant flow-rate with both moist and dry grain, whereas in conventional driers, the flow-rate is slower when the grain is particularly moist; an improved exchange of heat between the grain and the hot air admitted to the drying chamber is thus achieved so that all of the available heat is advantageously utilized, even in the initial stages of the drying cycle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
A drier for grains and similar material comprises a drying chamber (10) and a first vertical screw conveyor (15) associated with the drying chamber for picking up material from the lower portion (10b) of the chamber (10) and carrying it to the upper portion of the chamber. The vertical screw conveyor (15) is arranged outside the drying chamber (10) and is coupled at its lower end to a second horizontal screw conveyor (14) operative between an output opening (11) provided in the lower portion (10b) of the chamber (10) and the vertical conveyor (15). A mixer device with radial blades (21) is mounted in the lower portion of the drying chamber, immediately above the output opening (11) to provide both for mixing of the material and for directing it forcedly through the output opening (11) into the second horizontal conveyor (14).
Description
The present invention relates to a drier for grain and
granular materials in general, according to the preamble of
claim 1. Such a drier is known for example from US-A-3 557 979.
Grain is normally dried upon harvesting to prevent it
from deteriorating; the present invention is for application
particularly but not exclusively in the field of mobile
driers which are positioned in the vicinity of the grain-harvesting
areas in order to dry the grain on the spot within
short periods of time.
A conventional drier of the type which is the subject of
the invention comprises a vertical, cylindrical drying
chamber, a heating unit for producing hot air, and a fan
which admits the hot air to the drying chamber and circulates
it to promote evaporation of the moisture contained in the
grain being dried.
A screw conveyor is disposed along the central vertical
axis of the drying chamber into which the bulk grain is
loaded. In use, the moist material is picked up from the base
by the screw conveyor and is carried to the top of the screw,
so that the material is caused to circulate inside the drying
chamber in order to bring about movements of material which
accelerate the drying process and render it uniform.
Screw conveyors disposed vertically inside the
cylindrical drying chamber have some disadvantages, one of
which is connected with their bulk which limits the useful
volume of the drying chamber.
Moreover, all of the maintenance operations on the
conveyor have to be performed inside the chamber, and this
may be particularly complicated or even impossible when the
drier is filled with grain. Moreover, the central screw tends
to "reject" the moist grain dropped in, rendering the
transportation-rate of the conveyor non-homogeneous. This also
leads to a lengthening of the drying time and a to relatively poor
performance of the plant as a whole.
US 3557979 discloses a bin for drying grain having auger devices
for removing the dried grain from the bin. The auger devices are
provided for conveying the dried grain to a central floor opening
in which a further auger for conveying the grain outside the bin
is provided.
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved,
high-performance drier which can make maximum use of the volume of
its drying chamber.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a drier
which improves the circulation and mixing of the material and
prevents stagnation thereof in order to achieve, within short
periods of time, a high and homogeneous degree of drying of the
bulk grain to be dried.
A further object of the present invention is to propose a
drier in which the loading of the moist material to be dried is
also improved.
These objects are achieved, according to the present
invention, by a drier having the characteristics set forth in the
appended claims.
Further advantages of the invention
will become clearer from the detailed description of an
embodiment thereof given with reference to the appended
drawings, provided by way of non-limiting example, in which:
With reference to Figure 1, a mobile drier according to
the present invention, for grain and other granular
materials, is generally indicated 1.
The drier 1 comprises a drying chamber, generally
indicated 10, which is composed of a cylindrical, main, upper
portion 10a and a frustoconical, hopper-like lower portion
10b which terminates in an output opening 11 closable by a
horizontal sliding shutter plate 11a.
The chamber 10 is mounted on wheels 12 so that the drier
is mobile and can be transported to the vicinity of the
harvesting location where drying is performed. Beneath the
output opening 11, and hence outside the chamber 10, there is
a horizontal screw conveyor, generally indicated 14.
The horizontal conveyor 14 comprises an internal screw
in which it is possible to distinguish a first, central
portion 14a oriented so as to transport the material coming
from the output opening 11 in a radially outward direction
(as indicated by the arrow A) towards the periphery of the
chamber, where the screw conveyor 14 is coupled to a vertical
screw conveyor 15.
The vertical conveyor 15 extends parallel to the central
vertical axis X of the chamber and extends vertically from
the base of the chamber to a point situated above the top of
the chamber 10. At the top of the vertical screw conveyor 15
there is an inclined outlet duct 19 along which the material
which comes out of the vertical conveyor 15 can fall into the
chamber 10 or to the exterior during the discharge (emptying)
of the drier.
The horizontal screw conveyor 14 is extended externally
and radially beyond the point of coupling with the vertical
conveyor 15, forming a second portion or outer appendage 14b;
in this second portion, the spirals of the screw 14 are
oriented in opposition to those of the first, central
portion, that is, so as to transport material from the
exterior towards the point of coupling with the vertical
screw conveyor (as indicated by the arrow B in Figure 1).
The opposed portions 14a and 14b are connected by a
radial blade 24 for urging the material arriving either from
the right or from the left into a chamber 23 which contains
the lower portion or foot of the vertical screw 15.
A power take-off, by means of which the horizontal screw
conveyor 14 can be rotated by being connected, by means of a
Cardan shaft, to a motor, for example, the power take-off
shaft of an agricultural tractor, is indicated 16.
The outer appendage 14b of the horizontal screw conveyor
is arranged for the loading of the moist material to be dried
by means of a loading conveyor, indicated 17, which is driven
by a transmission system 18 connected to the screw conveyor
14, and hence to the power take-off 16; the loading
conveyor 17, which is preferably also of the screw type, is
arranged for receiving the as yet moist grain harvested and
transporting it in the direction indicated by the arrow C,
towards an end 17a which is disposed above the outer
appendage 14b of the horizontal screw conveyor.
The loading conveyor 17 can advantageously be tilted to
adopt an inactive, vertical position (not shown) for
operations during which it is not required to operate, for
example, for transportation or during the drying process upon
completion of the loading.
A reduction gear for taking the drive from the
horizontal screw 14 and transferring it to the vertical screw
15 is indicated 20.
In the lower portion of the drying chamber, immediately
above the output opening 11, there is a mixer with radial
blades 21 which are spoon-shaped so as to provide both for
mixing of the grain and for directing it from the exterior
towards the interior in a substantially radial direction. It
will be appreciated that, since the mixer 21 is located in
the base of the hopper 10b, it has relatively short blades,
leading to low torques transmitted. The mixer can collect
all of the material falling down in order to supply it to the
output opening. The optional presence of conventional
auxiliary scrapers (not shown), rotated about the axis of the
mixer 21 and passing close to the wall of the hopper 10b, is
also envisaged.
A heating unit is also provided for producing hot air
and admitting it to the drying chamber to promote evaporation
of the moisture contained in the grain.
The drier according to the present invention operates as
follows.
First of all, the moist material is loaded onto the
loading conveyor 17 where it reaches the end 17a and falls by
gravity into the outer appendage 14b of the horizontal screw.
A box-like container 22 surrounds the end 17a laterally in
order to direct the moist grain into the appendage 14b,
preventing it from being dispersed.
By virtue of the orientation of the horizontal screw in
the second, outer portion 14b, the material admitted to the
horizontal screw from the exterior is transported towards the
point of coupling with the vertical screw conveyor 15, where
it is picked up by this vertical screw and lifted to the top
thereof in order then to be discharged through the duct 19
and to fall into the upper portion of the drying chamber 10.
The grain inside the chamber 10 continues gradually
downwards until it emerges from the lower opening 11, where
it is loaded onto the central portion 14a of the horizontal
screw conveyor 14 and is thus transported towards the
vertical conveyor 15.
The forced supply by means of the vertical screw 15
prevents stagnation or partial rejection of the grain during
the initial drying stage (moist grain) and a consequent
reduction in the recirculation rate. The mixing and
recirculation cycle then continues normally by means of the
vertical conveyor 15, the upper outlet duct 19, the drying
chamber 10, and the portion 14a of the horizontal screw
conveyor.
As can be appreciated, the drier according to the
present invention enables maximum use to be made of the
capacity of the drying chamber, considerably increasing the
performance of the plant and thus reducing running costs.
Moreover, there are no points of stagnation of the material
and/or variations in the recirculation rate so that the
drying which is achieved is homogeneous throughout the bulk
material in circulation; moreover, the drying times
necessary to achieve, throughout the bulk material, the
degree of humidity required for optimal preservation of the
material are reduced.
The drier of the present invention puts all of the
material emerging from the output opening 11 into forced
circulation, transporting it forcedly in the vertical screw
conveyor 15. The mixer 21 is positioned and shaped in a
manner such as also to force the grain which is disposed
close to the wall of the drier to slide downwards; the
material disposed further towards the interior, which is more
greatly affected by the drying hot-air flow is thus mixed
quickly and uniformly with that situated in the peripheral
portion of the chamber.
It will also be appreciated that the mixer 21, which
works in the bottom of the frustoconical portion of the
drying chamber with short blades, is subject to a very low
resisting torque, even in the presence of very moist grain.
In contrast, in conventional driers, in which the vertical
screw conveyor is immersed in the bottom of the drying
chamber, the blade mixers also have to shift the material
from the conical wall of the drying chamber in order to bring
the material uniformly towards the bottom and therefore
include long blades which encounter a large resisting torque.
The drier of the invention advantageously works with an
approximately constant flow-rate with both moist and dry
grain, whereas in conventional driers, the flow-rate is
slower when the grain is particularly moist; an improved
exchange of heat between the grain and the hot air admitted
to the drying chamber is thus achieved so that all of the
available heat is advantageously utilized, even in the
initial stages of the drying cycle.
Claims (8)
- A recirculating drier for grain and similar materials, comprising:characterized in comprising a mixer device with radial blades (21) mounted in the lower portion (10b) of the drying chamber (10), immediately above the output opening (11) to provide both for mixing of the material and for directing it forcedly through the output opening (11) into the second horizontal conveyor means (14).a drying chamber (10), anda first vertical screw conveyor means (15) associated with the drying chamber (10) for picking up material from the lower portion (10b) of the chamber and carrying it to the upper portion (10a) of the chamber, said vertical screw conveyor means (15) being disposed outside the drying chamber (10) and being coupled at its lower end to a substantially horizontal second conveyor means (14) operative between an output opening (11) provided in the lower portion (10b) of the chamber and the first vertical screw conveyor means (15),
- A drier according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second horizontal conveyor means (14) is of the screw type and comprises:a first, central portion (14a) which extends from the output opening (11) to the first vertical conveyor means (15), and in which the horizontal screw is oriented in a manner such as to transport the material from the lower output opening (11) to the vertical conveyor means (15), and a second, outer portion (14b) which extends on the outer side of the first vertical conveyor means (15) and in which the horizontal screw is oriented in a manner such as to transport the material from the exterior towards the vertical screw conveyor (15), the portions being arranged as extensions of one another.
- A drier according to Claim 2, characterized in that the outer portion (14b) of the horizontal screw conveyor (14) is arranged for receiving the moist material to be dried from a further loading conveyor means (17) coupled to the second portion (14b) in order to discharge therein the material to be dried.
- A drier according to Claim 3, characterized in that the outer, loading conveyor (17) is rotated by transmission members (18) connected to the horizontal screw conveyor (14).
- A drier according to Claim 1, characterized in that one or more of the horizontal screw conveyor means (14) has a connection means (16) for receiving rotary drive from an external drive unit.
- A drier according to Claim 2, characterized in that the first portion (14a) and the second portion (14b) of the horizontal screw conveyor means (14) are connected by an intermediate portion having a radial blade (24) which can direct the material transported into a chamber (23) which contains the foot of the vertical screw conveyor means (15).
- A drier according to Claim 1, characterized in that the blades (21) of said mixer device are spoon-shaped.
- A drier according to Claim 7, characterized in that the material collected in said drying chamber (10) is forcedly directed towards the output opening (11) in a substantially radial direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9930636T SI1088193T1 (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1999-06-04 | A drier for grain and granular materials in general |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITPD980154 | 1998-06-18 | ||
| IT98PD000154A ITPD980154A1 (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1998-06-18 | DRYER FOR CEREALS AND GRANULAR MATERIALS IN GENERAL. |
| PCT/EP1999/003887 WO1999066276A1 (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1999-06-04 | A drier for grain and granular materials in general |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1088193A1 EP1088193A1 (en) | 2001-04-04 |
| EP1088193B1 true EP1088193B1 (en) | 2004-05-26 |
Family
ID=11392256
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99929143A Expired - Lifetime EP1088193B1 (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1999-06-04 | A drier for grain and granular materials in general |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1088193B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE267992T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4605899A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69917637D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2221392T3 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITPD980154A1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL192884B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999066276A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004144313A (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2004-05-20 | Matsui Mfg Co | Drying device for powder/grain material |
| TWI447543B (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2014-08-01 | Mpi Corp | Grain picker with multi - take - and - letting structure and its alignment method |
| CN112797762A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-14 | 重庆裕丰米业有限公司 | Corn drying device |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2451462A (en) * | 1944-04-21 | 1948-10-19 | Yglesias-Paz Adolfo Raul | Drying apparatus for coffee beans or the like, comprising a movable agitator and gas circulating means |
| US3000107A (en) * | 1959-02-20 | 1961-09-19 | Edmund C Ryan | Agricultural machine for transporting, drying and mixing granular material |
| US3040443A (en) * | 1959-06-10 | 1962-06-26 | Deere & Co | Crop dryer |
| US3557979A (en) * | 1968-11-20 | 1971-01-26 | Warren Gene Zortman | Grain drying bin |
| US3889388A (en) * | 1970-07-17 | 1975-06-17 | Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd | Method of and device for drying small solids |
| US3766664A (en) * | 1972-08-08 | 1973-10-23 | K Burgin | Grain circulating system |
| FR2289860A1 (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-05-28 | Secemia | Drying vegetable grains circulating in system - by alternately applying hot gas in short widely spaced periods |
| US4065891A (en) * | 1976-03-02 | 1978-01-03 | Burgin Kermit H | Rotary floor grain bin |
| DE2967557D1 (en) * | 1979-03-07 | 1986-02-06 | Per Ake Nilsson | Apparatus for drying manure and similar residual products |
| FR2501352A1 (en) * | 1981-03-06 | 1982-09-10 | Bellot Gilbert | Mobile cereal crop dryer recycling grain through hot air - is mounted on wheeled chassis and driven from tractor power take off |
-
1998
- 1998-06-18 IT IT98PD000154A patent/ITPD980154A1/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-06-04 AU AU46058/99A patent/AU4605899A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-06-04 DE DE69917637T patent/DE69917637D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-06-04 EP EP99929143A patent/EP1088193B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-04 PL PL344995A patent/PL192884B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-04 ES ES99929143T patent/ES2221392T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-04 AT AT99929143T patent/ATE267992T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-04 WO PCT/EP1999/003887 patent/WO1999066276A1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITPD980154A1 (en) | 1999-12-18 |
| PL192884B1 (en) | 2006-12-29 |
| ES2221392T3 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
| DE69917637D1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
| ATE267992T1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
| PL344995A1 (en) | 2001-11-19 |
| WO1999066276A1 (en) | 1999-12-23 |
| EP1088193A1 (en) | 2001-04-04 |
| AU4605899A (en) | 2000-01-05 |
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