EP1070786B1 - Magnetic lifting transport track with linear longitudinal stator drive, construction assembly and method for the construction thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The track has a longitudinal stator linear drive with at least two parallel stators and a number of bearers carrying stator sections for making straight and curved track sections with straight stator end packets (6a,6f;7a,7f) and straight inner packets (6b-6e,7b-7e) that can be laid in polygon arrangements in curved sections of track. Different ideal lengths are combined so as to minimize gaps between end packets. An Independent claim is also included for a kit for making a track for a magnetic levitation train and for a method of manufacturing a track.

Description

The invention relates to a track specified in the preamble of claim 1 Genus and a kit and a method according to the preamble of claim 15 and 16, respectively for its production.

Trajectories and kits of this type are known (DE 39 28 277 C2, DE 39 28 278 C2). The driveways can be made with concrete or steel girders as well as supports on demand or to be built near the ground. At the girders, in the direction of one before are arranged in series, all for the operation of the maglev train required equipment. This is especially true for the Guide the vehicles of a maglev required side guide rails as well for the reaction rails required for carrying and driving in the form of stator packets, their functional surfaces exactly on given by the routing space curves must lie.

To simplify the construction of such a track, the equipment consists of in particular the stator packs, of linear components running within Curved track sections the respective space curve in the manner of a polygon approach. The resulting deviations from the ideal lines are extreme low, since the radii of curvature of the routes for reasons of vehicle construction is not may be less than about 350 m.

The usually formed on the undersides of the guideway functional surfaces of the Stator packages are used in conjunction with arranged on the vehicles supporting magnet for Generation of the magnetic field required for non-contact levitation technology between the vehicles and the track. In addition, the stator packs are a Magnetic levitation train with long-stator linear drive, usually also on its underside, alternately provided with teeth and grooves, in which a single- or multi-phase AC traveling wave winding is inserted (DE 196 20 221 A1), which is used to generate the for the drive of the maglev railway required traveling field is used. That's it customary to provide identical linear drives on both sides of the vehicles and therefore to equip each lane of a driveway with two parallel stators. This creates two separate but mechanically fixed drive systems. So that these To develop the same thrust forces, it is necessary that the grid of Statomutung on both sides, referring to one of the two associated space curves lying, imaginary center line, is identical and synchronous, d. H. both stator sides have identical, the same length of the track throughout the same tooth / groove pitches have.

Within curved track sections there is the problem that the space curves the two stators are different in length because of their distance, i.e. a space curve running along the inside of a curve is shorter than one along the outside of the same curvature extending space curve. This problem will previously solved by either using stator packets of the same length and the outer stator packages with larger material columns than the inner stator packages laid or the outer stator packets are formed longer than the inner stator packets.

The use of Statorpaketen same length is for design and cost reasons advantageous, but also brings disadvantages. These consist e.g. in that different sized column the ideal distribution of the magnetic field of the long stator to disturb. Since the individual stator packs are comparatively short (e.g., 1000 mm to 2000 mm), this leads to rapid periodic changes in the forces when driving over, with which the vehicles are kept in limbo, and as a result of it Parts of the track or vehicle may be excited to vibrate. These Vibrations can not only the life of all elements of the infrastructure and the Vehicles, but also the ride comfort and the sound generation unfavorably influence. By using longer outer stator packs could be While avoiding this problem in principle, but this would have the disadvantage that for all radii of curvature from about 350 m special stator packs would have to be made, which is undesirable for cost reasons. Therefore, in practice, only selected Areas of radii of curvature Stator packages with appropriately adapted lengths assigned, so that even when using this method at least partially large Gap widths must be accepted.

In addition, it is desirable for roads of interest here, the off individual laminations of composite stator packs to prevent too rapid corrosion avoid having a corrosion protection layer of e.g. one to two millimeters too surround. This has, however, from a magnetic point of view, that to the already mentioned material gap is added to a gap caused by the protective layer, so that the for the carrying and driving behavior of the vehicles important magnetic gap even greater as the purely material, occurring between the abutting end faces of the stator packs Column are. The material gaps should therefore be kept as small as possible become.

The problem of magnetic gap size is increasingly apparent when it comes to the production of Driveways with at least two tracks, z. B. depending on a roundtrip. In this Case are the curved track sections, the differences between the lengths of furthest inside curve sections and the furthest outside Space curve sections even larger, which has the consequence that when using similar Stator packages and carriers either an offset between the two lanes in Purchase must be taken or special measures such. B. deviations from a pre-selected tooth / groove pitch must be taken, which the driving and Carrying properties continue to affect.

The invention is therefore based on the object, the track and the kit of Initially designated genus in such a way that even with the use of Statorpaketen with only a few different lengths periodic changes in load capacity When driving over largely avoided. In addition, a cost-effective applicable method for the production of driveways, resulting in Use of the same stator packs and fewer mass carriers, in particular for the production of driveways with two or more lanes, without an undesirably large Offset between the lanes occurs or other disturbances arise.

To solve this problem, the characterizing features of claims 1, 15 serve and 16.

The invention is based on the recognition that large stator gaps and those of them outgoing impairments thereby largely avoid that the track not only composed of a small number of stator types of different lengths but this stator also in each stator so with each other be combined that result in the most favorable material gap widths. This can be done without or with a very small change in the grid of the stator slot to reach. This results in the further advantage that the carrier to be used unified and can be divided into a few types. Despite minor Cost increases for the production of different types of stator brings this significant Advantages with regard to the routing and configuration of different infrastructure configurations as well as the logistics required to build a roadway.

Further advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Fig. 1 eine schematische und perspektivische Ansicht eines Trägers für einen erfindungsgemäßen Fahrweg;

Fig. 2 eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen gekrümmten Fahrwegabschnitt unter Anwendung eines Trägers nach Fig. 1, wobei mit gestrichelten Linien die unterhalb der Trägeroberfläche angeordneten Statorpakete angedeutet sind;

Fig. 3 die Seitenansicht eines üblichen, "ersten" Statorpakets;

Fig. 4 eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Fahrwegabschnitts;

Fig. 5 bis 7 gegenüber der Fig. 3 vergrößerte Seitenansichten eines Endzahns je eines erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten "ersten" und "zweiten" Statorpakets sowie eines erfindungsgemäßen Statorendpakets;

Fig. 8 eine vergrößerte Seitenansicht von zwei im Bereich eines Spalts aneinander grenzenden "ersten" und "zweiten" Statorpaketen;

Fig. 9 eine vergrößerte Seitenansicht von zwei im Bereich eines Spalts aneinandergrenzenden "zweiten" Statorpaketen unterschiedlicher Länge; und

Fig. 10 schematisch einen Projektierungsabschnitt für einen Fahrweg mit zwei Fahrspuren.

The invention will be explained in more detail in connection with the accompanying drawings of exemplary embodiments and in which:

1 shows a schematic and perspective view of a carrier for a guideway according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a curved track section using a carrier according to FIG. 1, wherein dashed lines indicate the stator packets arranged below the carrier surface;

Fig. 3 is a side view of a conventional, "first" stator stack;

FIG. 4 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a second embodiment of a travel section; FIG.

5 to 7 with respect to FIG. 3 are enlarged side views of an end tooth of a "first" and "second" stator stack designed according to the invention and of a stator end stack according to the invention;

8 shows an enlarged side view of two adjacent "first" and "second" stator packs in the region of a gap;

9 shows an enlarged side view of two adjacent "second" stator packets of different lengths in the region of a gap; and

10 schematically shows a projecting section for a roadway with two lanes.

Fig. 1 shows a steel or concrete existing carrier 1, for the establishment of a Travel path according to the invention for a magnetic levitation railway with at least two parallel stators having long stator linear drive is suitable. In the embodiment it is a carrier 1, which curves along a predetermined route is as indicated by a space curve 2 shown in its center plane. In addition, schematically is a Cartesian coordinate system with mutually perpendicular Axles 3, 4 and 5 indicated. The carrier 1 and the stators can move around all three axes 3, 4 and 5 are curved, with a curvature about the axis 3 of a cornering, a Curvature about the axis 4 a transition into a mountain or descent and a Curvature around the axis 5 corresponds to an inclination in the sense of a curve elevation.

On the underside of the carrier 1 and on both sides of the space curve 2 is ever a stator 6th and 7, wherein in the embodiment, the stator 6 on the outside a running around the axis 3 arc, the stator section 7, however, on the Inside of this bow lies. The stator sections 6 and 7 are along space curves 8 and 9 arranged, e.g. have the space curve 2 of the carrier 1 as a common center line. It should be understood that this is intended to be exemplary only, d. H. the positions of the space curves 2, 8 and 9 can also be defined in other ways. Alternatively, it would be z. B. possible to arrange the space curves 2, 8 and 9 in a plane to be produced in the Air gap between the long stator and the supporting magnet of the vehicle is located. The Stator sections 6 and 7 each consist of a plurality of stator packets, which in Direction of the space curves 8 and 9 in succession and in the manner of a polygon are arranged. Their attachment to the carrier 1 can according to various known per se Procedure done. In addition, there is the whole, not shown in the drawing Track of a variety of in the direction of the space curve 2 arranged one behind the other Straps 1, which are straight or curved depending on the characteristics of the route could be. Finally, the carrier 1 in a conventional manner in a middle Part by means of a fixed bearing and at the two ends by means of one movable bearing Supports or other substructure stored and thus in two fields assigned. Even others, just one field or more than two fields and differently arranged Fixed and floating bearings may be provided.

Carrier of the type described, their storage, the attachment of the stator to the Carriers and the mounting of e.g. three-phase AC winding in the grooves of Stator sections 6 and 7 are generally known (DE 33 23 696 C2, DE 34 04 061 C1, DE 39 28 277 C1, DE 39 28 278 C2) and therefore need not be explained in more detail become.

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the carrier 1 according to FIG. 1. The projections of the space curves 2, 8 and 9 are then circles in the exemplary embodiment, but can also arbitrary other curves such. B. clothoids or Sinuide. Further, Fig. 2 shows that the carrier 1 has an imaginary, indicated by a line 10 center plane and between two imagined, indicated by dash-dotted lines levels 11 and 12, the normal or perpendicular to the space curves 2, 8 and 9 are arranged. This allows the Axles of the fixed and floating bearings of the carrier, not shown, also normal to the Space curves 2, 8 and 9 are arranged, and the same can for a carrier start 1a and a carrier end 1b apply. Such an arrangement is especially for the production of driveways with two lanes (eg back and forth lanes) with two stators each appropriate.

The fixed to the carrier 1 stator sections 6 and 7 are made in the embodiment six straight stator packets 6a to 6f and 7a to 7f. Each of these stator packages has the From Fig. 3 apparent, shown for the stator 6c, general shape and contains its bottom alternating teeth 14 and grooves 15 of equal length, one on the Curve 2 related, preselected pitch or a preselected tooth / groove pitch 16 have. Ended teeth 17 are usually only half the width of the other teeth 14, so that the end teeth 17 of two adjacent Stator packages together each have a tooth of the length of a tooth 14th form.

According to the invention, the carriers 1 are independent of whether they are straight or curved are each between two lying in the planes 11, 12 points 18 and 19 (Figure 2) the space curve 2 arranged whose distances an integer multiple of the Tooth / groove pitch 16 correspond. In this case, the carrier 1 in the path direction (space curve 2) to a degree shorter, which allows between the carrier beginnings 1a and 1b ends and the associated imaginary planes 11 and 12 each leave a gap 20, 21, the together with a corresponding gap 21 or 20 of an adjacent carrier one Forms an expansion gap. It is especially important to note that even between the Trägeranfängen 1a or end to lie 1b coming Statorendpaketen 6a, 6f or 7a, 7f sufficiently large expansion gaps 20a, 21a formed and the Statorendpakete 6a, 6f or 7a, 7f are arranged so that even at the highest temperatures expected as well as with all other loads occurring during operation a collision the Statorpakete in this area or a crushing of the stator winding is excluded between them.

As shown in Fig. 2, the space curve portions between the planes 11 and 12 have different Lengths, i. the distance of the planes 11, 12 is, along the space curve. 8 measured, longer than the distance measured for the space curve 9. Therefore, if the stator packs all had the same material overall length, would be between stator 6a to 6f of the stator 6 formed column 23 inevitably greater than gaps formed between stator packets 7a to 7f of the stator section 7, which especially at smaller radii of curvature to the excitation of the above-mentioned Vibrations due to unequal load forces when driving over the column 23, 24 lead can.

According to the invention, it is therefore proposed for the between the stator end packages 6a, 6f, 7a, 7f of the inner and outer stator sections 6 and 7 lying central stator three types, namely to provide "first", "second" and "third" stator packs. All Stator packages are straight. The "first" stator packs have an average length. there is the length of the "first" stator packets chosen so that the distance between the points 18, 19 without rest is divisible by them, or vice versa, the distance between the Points 18, 19 so that it is an integer multiple of both the tooth / groove pitch 16 as well as the length of the "first" stator packs. In contrast, the "second" Stator packages a larger and the "third" stator packs a smaller length than the "first" stator packages. In addition, the outer and inner stator 6 and 7 composed of "first", "second" and "third" stator packets such that the material gaps 23, 24 between them and between them and the stator end packages all be made smaller than a preselected maximum material gap size can. This condition can be fulfilled according to the invention in particular when the total material gap of a stator section 6 or 7, d. H. the sum of his column 23 or 24 respectively has the smallest value which can be determined by combining the "first", achieve "second" and "third" stator packets.

Figs. 2 and 3 show this with reference to a simple embodiment, which follows is explained.

It is assumed that the pitch or the tooth / groove pitch is 86 mm. at The "first" stator packs therefore the tooth and groove length each 43 mm, while the End teeth 17 with 21.5 mm are half as long, so that the length of the "first" Statorpakete is a full page multiple of the grid length. For the "first" stator packs (e.g., 6c in FIGS. 2 and 3) result in the presence of twelve grooves 15, eleven teeth 14 and two end teeth 17 have a total length of 1032 mm. Shall like in the embodiment six such stator packs are mounted per carrier 1, the distance between Points 18 and 19 are six times larger, d. H. according to a system distance of 6192 mm, which corresponds to 72 times the tooth / groove pitch 16. This System spacing is repeated in the path direction of how the carrier 1 is used becomes.

It is further assumed that the carrier 1 along a space curve 2 with a radius of 350 m is curved about the axis 3 and a bank about the axis 5 of twelve Degree has, while the pitch is fixed about the axis 4 with 0 °. In this Case has the lying between the axes 11, 12 portion of the outer space curve. 8 e.g. a length of 6212.51 mm and the corresponding section of the inner space curve 9 a length of z. B. 6174.09 mm, which means a difference of 38.42 mm. at Applying six "first" stator packs and five columns 23, 24 does this externally to a mean width of the column 23 of about 4.1 mm, while inside even at a width of the column 24 of 0 mm would give a length for the stator section 7, which is greater than the distance of the planes 11, 12 along the space curve 9.

To reduce the outer gap widths, the outer stator section has a stator core (For example, 6d in Fig. 2) with a length of 1035 mm, and two more stator packs (z. B. 6b and 6e in Fig. 2) are each 1040 mm long. These opposite the "first" stator packs with 1032 mm extended stator 6b, 6d and 6e are hereinafter referred to as "second" Statorpakte designates. They cause the stator section 7 to have an overall length of 3 x 1032 mm + 2 x 1040 mm + 1 x 1035 mm = 6211 mm, from which to the above given length of the relevant space curve section of 6212.51 mm only one Difference of 1.51 mm results, resulting in an average gap width of only about 0.3 mm per Gap 23 corresponds.

In a second, from Fig. 4 apparent embodiment is otherwise the same Dimensions of a carrier 1 assumed that its radius of curvature 5000 m around the Axis 3 in Fig. 1 is. The distance between points 18, 19 is as in FIG. 2 6 x 1032 mm = 6192 mm. In contrast to FIG. 2, the space curve sections between the axes 11 and 12 on the outside each have a length of e.g. 6193.44 mm or inside each lengths of z. B. 6190.75 mm, which is a difference of only 2.69 mm equivalent. In this example, six "first" stator packs 26a to 26f are externally provided which gives an overall length of 6 x 1032 mm = 6192 mm, which is only 1.44 mm is smaller than the space curve section in question. At five columns yields Thus, a total gap of 1.44 mm or an average gap length of about 0.29 mm, which is comparable to the example of FIG.

For the inner stator sections each result in slightly different conditions. Would z. B. in Fig. 2 along the space curve 9 laid stator packets a length of each have 1032 mm, their total length would be compared to the distance of the planes 11, 12th of 6174.09 mm even with vanishing columns 24 way too big. Therefore, "third" Stator packages 7b, 7c, 7d and 7e provided with lengths of 1029 mm and 1024 mm, wherein in Fig. 2, the stator 7b, 7d and 7e have a length of 1029 mm and the Stator package 7c is 1024 mm long. Would the Statorendpakete 7a and 7f from "first" Stator packages, it would have a total length of 3 - 1029 mm + 1 - 1024 mm + 2 - 1032 mm = 6175 mm, resulting in a total of only 0.91 mm is more than the 6174.09 mm distance of the axes 11, 12 along the space curve 9 corresponds. This small oversize is insignificant because at the joint between two carriers 1 according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the Invention Statorendpakete 6a, 6f and 7a, 7f are arranged, which have a length of only 1024 mm instead of 1032 mm. This takes account of the fact that that at the junction between two stator sections 6 and 7, expansion gaps 20a + 21a be provided, which in the embodiment has a width of 16 mm in total exhibit. Each stator end package 6a, 6f, 7a, 7f is therefore half of such Elongation gap shorter. On the other hand, there is a particularly unfavorable case, as for the inner stator section 7 of Fig. 2, the inner Statorendpakete can 7a, 7f are also laid so that they protrude slightly into the expansion gap, preferably by half each, d. H. here by 0.455 mm at the beginning 1a or end 1b of Carrier 1. This has the consequence that when two identical carriers meet 1 between the inner stator 7 an expansion gap of only 16 mm - 0.91 mm = 15.09 mm is formed. Because the length of the expansion column with a certain excess is selected, the shortening of 0.91 mm can be easily tolerated.

In the case of FIG. 4, using six "first" stator packs 27a-27f in an inner stator section 27, a total length of 6 × 1032 = 6192, which is 1.25 mm more than the 6190.75 mm distance between the two axes 11, 12 corresponds to each other. To avoid here that the stator 27a, 27f in the Stretch gap, one of the "first" stator packs will be replaced by a "third" Stator package (e.g., 27d) with a length of 1029 mm replaced. Then results arithmetically a total length for the stator packs 27a-27f of 5 - 1032 mm + 1 - 1029 mm = 6189 mm, which is a difference of 1.75 mm to the length of the respective space curve section and an average gap width of 0.35 mm.

In the above description, the lengths of the stator sections 6, 7, 26, and 27 became always related to the levels 11, 12. On the other hand, as in connection with the inner stator section 7 has been explained in Fig. 2, in principle, an expansion gap of 16 mm provided, the length of Statorendpakete 6a, 6f, or 7 a, 7 f, etc. also throughout with 1024 mm (length of the stator section) + 8 mm (half the expansion gap) be specified. The dimension of 1032 mm for these Statorendpakete is then an "ideal" Dimension that includes half the expansion gap 20 and 21 respectively. It is also clear that the beginnings and ends 1a, 1b of the carrier 1 and the ends of the stator sections not always flush with each other. It is quite possible, the Distance of the carrier starts and ends 1a, 1b along the space curves 8.9 shorter or to choose longer than the corresponding total length of the stator 6,7 and 26,27.

It is useful, the specified lengths for both the middle Statorpakete as also for the Statorendpakete as "ideal" lengths to designate. Stator packages here kind of interest z. B. made by appropriately tailored Electro sheets stacked and then e.g. using a Druckgelierverfahrens with surrounded by a coating in the form of a corrosion protection and / or insulating layer (see, for example, DE 197 03 497 A1). This results in practical applications, the apparent from Fig. 5 to 7 ratios.

5 shows an end tooth 17a (comparable, for example, with the end tooth 17 in FIG. 3) of a "first" stator core (6c in FIG. Thereafter, the stator 6c on a laminated core 28, which is completely surrounded by a z. B. 1 mm thick coating 29 is surrounded. In this case, the laminated core 28 is made taking into account the screening (86 mm in the embodiment), since it is solely responsible for the magnetic properties. The laminated core 28 therefore determines the "magnetic" length of the stator 6c. It follows that the teeth 14 and grooves 15, viewed magnetically, for example, have a length of 43 mm, while the grooves 15, considered "material", because of the coating 29 only have a length of 43 mm - 2 mm = 41 mm which is insignificant in magnetic terms. However, at the two ends of the stator core 6c, the coating 29 must be taken into account, because here two end teeth abut one another at an imaginary ideal line or plane 30. In addition, it should be noted that two stator packets are not adjacent to form an ideal gap of 0 mm, but real mounting column of z. B. 0.2 mm are to be considered. If, on each side of a stator packet, half of such a mounting gap is taken into consideration, as indicated by line 30 in FIG. 5, it follows that the end tooth 17a has an "ideal" length a of 21.5 mm, a "material""Length b of 21.4 mm and a" magnetic "length of 20.4 mm has. The dimension a - b = 0.1 mm is thereby automatically eliminated on the mounting gap of a total of 0.2 mm, which does not materially appear, but should be taken into account when installing the stator packs.

Based on the lengths given with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4, this means that under Considering the fact that each stator has two end teeth 17 (Fig. 3), a "first" stator pack 6c has a "ideal" length of 1032 mm, a "material" Length of 1031.8 mm and a "magnetic" length of 1029.8 mm has. The thereby caused at its ends magnetic field disturbance, resulting from the shortening of Sheet length of the end tooth 17a is recomposed by 1.1 mm, with respect to the support and Driving behavior of a maglev train tolerable.

6 shows the relationships on a "second" stator stack (eg 6d FIG. 2) with a length of 1035 mm. Since the stator core 6d is a total of 3 mm longer than the stator core 6c of FIG. 5, at each end an end tooth 17b has the dimensions a = 23.0 mm, b = 22.9 mm and c = 21.9, all other things being equal mm, ie the "magnetic" length of each end tooth is 1.5 mm longer compared to FIG. 5. Overall, the stator 6d thus has a "ideal" length of 1035 mm, a "material" length of 1034.8 mm and a "magnetic" length of 1032.8 mm.

If a "second" stator pack has a length of 1040 mm (eg 6e in Fig. 2), then the dimension c = 24.4 mm. If, on the other hand, these are "third" stator packs whose lengths are shortened compared with the "first" stator packs, a dimension c = 18.9 would be the case for an "ideal" length of 1029 mm (eg 7b in FIG mm and at a "ideal" length of 1024 mm (eg 7c in Fig. 2) give a dimension c = 16.4 mm.

Finally, Fig. 7 shows an end tooth 17 c for a Statorendpaket 7 a in Fig. 2. Here, the "ideal" length of 1024 mm is not calculated up to a line 30, which takes into account a mounting gap, but z. B. to the level 11 in Fig. 2, which also includes half of an expansion gap, ie additionally 8 mm gap width. In this case, the end tooth 17c has a "magnetic" length of only c = 12.4 mm, a "material" length b = 13.4 mm and an "ideal" length d = 13.4 mm + 0.1 mm ( Mounting gap) + 8 mm (expansion gap) = 21.5 mm. The second end tooth of the stator core 7a corresponds to that of the stator core 6c of FIG. 5.

Due to the circumstances described with reference to Fig. 7, the "ideal" length of the end tooth 17c with d = 21.5 mm is exactly as long as the "ideal" length of the end tooth 17a of Fig. 5. Therefore, two such stator packs are in the range of one Expansion joint together, then the total tooth length is 2 - 21.5 mm = 43 mm, ie there is a disturbance due to the small "magnetic" length, but there is no change in the tooth / groove division. Moreover, since such disturbances only occur in the region between two carriers 1 and thus not with a periodicity corresponding to the stator packet length, they are comparatively insignificant. This is especially true when usually carriers are used, which are longer than the carrier 1 by a multiple of the tooth / groove pitch. In addition, the Statorendpaket 7a is formed so that it can be used as the stator 7b as a "third" stator.

The application of the "second" and "third" stator packs takes place like that of the Statorendpakete taking into account the tooth / groove division. In Fig. 8 z. B. the joint between the stator 6c and 6d shown, with a double arrow M, the "magnetic" gap and a double arrow N, the material gap width are indicated. The dimensions a - b (eg = 0.1 mm) here indicate, as in FIGS. 5 and 6, the proportion of the stator packets 6c, 6d at the imaginary mounting gap 0.2 mm, while a dimension e (for example FIG . = 0.3 mm) means an additional gap portion, which results from the above explained with reference to FIG. 2 difference of 1.51 mm between the "ideal" outer Statorabschnittlänge and the length of the space curve 8 between the planes 11,12. The magnetic field disturbance remaining according to the invention results from the fact that the two adjoining end teeth 17a, 17b together have an "ideal" length of 21.5 mm + 23.0 mm + 0.3 mm = 44.8 mm instead of the otherwise 43 mm. For the rest, the screening remains unchanged.

Finally, Fig. 9 shows a joint between the stator 6d and 6e. There a End tooth 17d of the stator 6e has an ideal length of 25.5 mm, here is the Total length of the tooth formed from both stator packets 6d, 6e 23 mm + 25.5 mm + 0.3 mm = 48.8 mm instead of 43 mm. For the rest, the screening remains unchanged.

The inventive changes in the lengths of the end teeth to fractions of a tooth / groove pitch 16 (Fig. 3) on the one hand ensures that the decisive for the bearing behavior of a vehicle of the magnetic levitation "magnetic" gaps M between the end teeth even in the worst case very small remain (eg 2.5 mm in Figures 8 and 9). Therefore, the risk that build up mechanical vibrations, significantly reduced. On the other hand, the responsible for the drive magnetic field interference in the area between two end teeth remain low, so that no impairment of ride comfort occur. Finally, by the sensible combination of the described five different central stator packets to which a Statorendpaket is added to the carrier starts or ends 1a, 1b, virtually all Fahrweg configurations with curvatures down to radii of curvature of eg 350 m can be realized without that in give the joints of the stator packets within a carrier 1 column, which has a greater width than a preselected maximum "material" gap width N (Fig. 8, 9) of z. B. about 0.6 mm (including 0.2 mm mounting column) have.

The described central stator packets and Statorendpakete are suitably combined with each other so that - 1 mm ≤ G <2 mm where G is the difference between the length of a space curve section between planes 11 and 12 associated with a stator section 6, 7, 26, 27 and the sum of the "ideal" lengths of the mean stator packets and stator end packets contained in that stator section. G is thus a measure of a total material gap width, which is to be taken into account within a stator section in addition to the mounting gaps and the gaps resulting from the coating. If the dimension G is uniformly distributed to all middle stator packets or stator end packets contained within a stator section 6, 7, 26, 27, at G <2 mm, in addition to the other columns mentioned, an average material gap occurs which is less than 0.4 mm is. For the case -1 mm ≤ G , on the other hand, the additional total material gap G = 0 due to the curvature is valid, since in this case the excess stator core length is transferred to the expansion column.

The application of the "second" and "third" stator packets and the stator end packets under Consideration of the predetermined tooth / groove pitch could alternatively be characterized realize that the explained with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7 change in the length of End teeth in each case proportionally on all teeth and grooves present in a stator packet is distributed. With a total of 24 teeth / grooves and a change in length of z. B. 3 mm would that mean a change in pitch of 0.125 mm, which is neither with regard to the carrying behavior nor with regard to the handling is significant. Another option is to change the length of the To distribute the end teeth alone on the existing teeth, which is a justifiable Length change of the teeth of 0.25 mm correspond and would have the advantage that the width of the grooves 15 remains unchanged, as is the case for a safe installation of the AC cable is desired.

The invention was based on a carrier 1 with a between the points 18 and 19 measured length of 6192 mm. However, it is clear that carriers with other lengths can be used. According to the invention, it is proposed in addition to use two more carriers, about four or ten times as long as the carrier 1 and can be equipped with the same stator packets described. When using these carriers, the distance of the associated points 18,19 with z. B. 24768 mm or 61920 mm also equal to an integer multiple of both the Tooth / groove pitch 16 and the length of the "first" stator packs. These two carriers are hereinafter referred to as the carrier 1 as a series carrier.

If the distance of points 18, 19 is e.g. 61920 mm, will be between successive Carriers or the associated Statorendpaketen preferably an expansion gap of 86 mm provided. To realize this gap is analogous to the above description another Statorendpaket used with a "ideal" length of 1032 mm, the however, unlike the stator end packages 6a, 6f, etc., a "material" length of 945.8 mm and has a "magnetic" length of 943.8 mm. This stator end package differs from the "first" stator packs in that it is exactly a tooth / groove pitch 16 of 86 mm is shortened and therefore its "ideal" length a Monatagespaltanteil of 0.1 mm and an expansion gap of 86 mm. in the Contrary to the carriers 1 is also provided in series carriers of this length that the expansion gap of 86 mm only once in the joint between two carriers occurs, i. the associated beginnings or ends of the adjacent carriers normal are formed. As in the case of the 1024 mm long Statorendpakets could also Material 945.8 mm long stator end package can be used as a "third" stator package.

Taking into account these dimensions results for a carrier with a radius of curvature of z. B. 350 m about the axis 3 in Fig. 1 and with a longitudinal and transverse inclination about the axes 4 and 5 of each 0 ° z. B. on the inside an overall length of 61723.63 mm and on the outside a total length of 62116.37 mm between the planes 11 and 12 and along the space curves 9 and 8, respectively. The inner stator section is z. For example, 55 "third" stator packs having an "ideal" length of 1029 mm and four "third" stator packs having a "ideal" length of 1024 mm are used and, in addition, a carrier is introduced at the beginning or end Statorendpaket attached with a "ideal" length of 1032 mm and a "material" length of 945.8 mm. This results in 55 × 1029 mm + 4 × 1024 mm + 1 × 1032 mm = 61723 mm, resulting in a deviation of only G = 0.63 mm in total or an additional average gap width of 0.01 mm. On the outside of the curve, on the other hand, 55 "second" stator packs with a "ideal" length of 1035 mm and four "second" stator packs with a "ideal" length of 1040 mm are used, while at one of the ends the stator end pack described above is added. This results in 55 × 1035 mm + 4 × 1040 mm + 1 × 1032 mm = 62117 mm, ie an excess of only G = 0.63 mm results. This excess is considered analogous to the example described above in that the Statorendpaket protrudes by this measure in the expansion gap, so that this is only 85.37 mm, which is readily tolerated. The additional mean material gap width between the stator packets is therefore equal to zero.

Corresponding calculations can be made for a series carrier, the between Points 18 and 19 is arranged at a distance of 24768 mm from each other exhibit.

As a result, the additional advantage is achieved that all driveways like a box can be assembled cost-effectively kit, the z. B. only three different length serial carriers, four different length medium stator packs and contains two different long Statorendpakete, if necessary, as a medium Stator packages can be used. It is then only necessary, the space curve 2 by points 18,19 into sections to divide their lengths according to the lengths the carrier used in Enzelfall are dimensioned, whereby the project planning of a Facility significantly simplify.

The distribution of different length stator packs can be done in principle arbitrary. Preferably, however, the "second" stator packets only for outer and the "third" Stator packages used only for inner stator sections. It is also appropriate, the from the normal length (1032 mm) deviating stator packets evenly over the Distribute stator sections.

The explained with reference to the above embodiments invention brings above all considerable advantages in the design and manufacture of a driveway with two Lanes with it, as explained below with reference to FIG. 10. Besides, she is easily transferable even on routes with more than two lanes.

10 shows a guideway for a magnetic levitation railway with two lanes 31 and 32, have the curved and possibly also straight track sections. Each lane 31, 32 is formed analogously to the travel of Fig. 1 to 9 and therefore by a space curve 2a or 2b and two space curves 8a, 8b and 9a, 9b, respectively, characterizing the space curves 2, 8 and 9 correspond to FIGS. 2 and 4. It is assumed that in a first Procedural step not only these space curves, but also associated compulsory points 33, 34. It may be the compulsory 33 z. B. at the beginning act the entire driveway, while the compulsory 34 z. B. the beginning of a Special construction in the form of a bridge, a train station od. Like. Represents. The between The two compulsory points 33, 34 lying part of the infrastructure is below as Designated section 35.

The production of the travel path within the projecting section 35 begins according to the invention in that first the distance between the compulsory points 33, 34 is determined so that the space curve 2a of that lane 31 which borders an external lane section 34 at the second constraining point 34 has a length, which exactly corresponds to an integer multiple of a preselected tooth / groove pitch (here, for example, 86 mm). This is easily possible, since the beginning of the special structure following the constraining point 34 can easily be moved forwards or backwards to the extent required for this purpose, which corresponds to half the tooth / groove pitch (here 43 mm). Furthermore, it is clear that the distance between the two compulsory points 33, 34 along the other lane 32 by a dimension u , which is at most equal to half the grid, ie here not more than 43 mm, may be greater or smaller than an integer multiple the preselected tooth / groove pitch 16 corresponds. Finally, an outer lane section analogous to FIGS. 2 and 4 is understood to mean a lane section which lies on the outside in a curve of the travel path. If a straight lane section borders on the constraining point 34 (or also 33), then this is also referred to as the outer lane section, provided that the first section deviating from the straight section is an outer section. The same applies to the inner lane sections.

Proceeding from this, in a preselected projecting direction (arrow z ) and starting at the first constraining point 33, the projecting of the support for the infrastructure is started by specifying at the constraining point 33 a series support 36 intended for the outer adjacent traffic lane section as described above. Subsequently, further supports 37 are planned for the outer lane section, specifically until a curvature change point 38 is reached, which is indicated here as a line running normal to the space curve 2b. The beginnings and ends of the series carriers 36 and 37 determine the positions for schematically indicated floating bearings 39 and 40 and the centers of the series carriers 36 and 37 the positions for corresponding fixed bearings 41, which are then calculated according to the usual methods and by the projecting of the associated supports or other substructures.

Schematically indicated planes 42 and carrier beginnings and ends correspond in FIG. 2 and 4, the levels 11 and 12, on which the points 18 and 19 lie, and levels 43 or the carrier centers the levels 10, depending on the case and terrain, the levels 43 and the fixed bearing 41 may also be arranged off-center with respect to the carrier.

With regard to the inner lane section of the traffic lane 31 which borders on the constraining point 33, the same procedure could be used in principle. Because of the shorter arc length in the inner region, however, this would mean that an ever greater offset would result between the beginnings or ends of the carriers, as is indicated by a dimension v in the area of the curvature change point 38. This offset v would be in unfavorable cases so large that the bearings for these carriers could not be built using the same supports and substructures as for the outer lane section, ie practically two completely separate routes for the two tracks would arise, which is undesirable for cost reasons , According to the invention, on the other hand, it is proposed to use carriers for the inner lane section which are shortened in comparison to the series carriers used in the outer lane section such that the offset v at the ends is always below a tolerable level.

For this purpose, starting from the forcing point 33, initially a carrier 44 is provided for the inner lane section, the length of which originally corresponds to that of the series carrier 36, but is shortened by as many integer multiples of the tooth / groove pitch that the plane 42a decisive for its end offset by a measure w to the plane 42 which is smaller than half the tooth / groove pitch. Depending on the case, the carrier 44 may project beyond this level beyond the plane 42 or terminate in front of this plane 42. Accordingly, with the projecting direction z following carrier, z. Example, a carrier 45, which is attached to the carrier 44 in the same manner as described above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 9 in detail. Corresponding to the position of the next level 42, this support 45 is, if necessary, again shortened by an integer multiple of the tooth / groove pitch, so that the offset v is less than 43 mm here.

Since the outer carrier 37 protrudes by no more than half its length beyond the center of curvature 38, it forms the last serial carrier of the outer portion. In the further course, the series carriers are used along the now outer traffic lane section of the traffic lane 31 by connecting a first series carrier 46 to the carrier 45, while on the now internal traffic lane section of the lane 32 carriers (eg 47) are used, which are integer Multiples of the tooth / groove pitch are shortened so that an offset x is less than 43 mm. This procedure is continued until either another turn point or constraint point 34 is reached.

In the area of the compulsory point 34, it is usually not possible to use a series carrier, unless this would happen to have the required length. Therefore, there is also used in the outer region, a carrier 48 which is smaller by an integer multiple of the tooth / groove pitch, and the same applies to a carrier 49 at the end of the inner lane section. In addition, it is clear that due to the described procedure, the carrier 48 with a zero offset to the constraining point 34, the carrier 49, however, with the offset u adjacent to the constraint point, which is smaller than half the tooth / groove pitch, where this carrier 49 may end shortly before or shortly after the constraint point 34.

If the serial carrier 37 used were so long that it was more than half its length protrudes beyond the curvature change point 38, would already at the previous Carrier started to change the lane for the series carriers, i. in this case The carrier 45 would already be a series carrier and the carrier 37 would be a shortened carrier.

The method described has the significant advantage that the positions for the movable bearings 39, 40 result from the configuration of series carriers arranged along the two lanes 31, 32 and the same supports and substructures can be used for the movable bearings of the respective shortened carriers, because the offset u , v , w or x of the beam ends is comparatively small and at no point greater than 43 mm here. The same applies to the fixed bearing 41, which can be offset by this value at most.

After the type and length of the various carriers is fixed, these can can be occupied individually with stator packages. This is done accordingly for the serial carriers the above description. It is understood that for the lengths of the individual series carrier always the points 18, 19 of FIG. 2 and 4 are relevant, so that it is at "ideal" lengths measured between levels 42, etc. as described in the description Figs. 2 and 4. With regard to the abridged carrier consists of only difference in that they are one by an integer multiple of the tooth / groove division have shorter length than the series carriers. You can therefore like the serial carrier be equipped with stator packs, with each shortening by a tooth / groove pitch e.g. a stator package described above as the stator end package can be used can have a material length of 945.8 mm, i. around a tooth / groove pitch compared to the "first" Statorpaketen is shortened.

It follows that for the two lanes 31 and 32 both the series carrier and the stator of the kit described can be used and internal support are only to be shortened. Furthermore, following the second constraining point 34, the procedure can be continued in an analogous manner by first planning a possibly existing special structure in the grid of 86 and then projecting the next section of track in the manner described. As a result, the entire distance to be produced can be planned in the grid once selected or divided into pieces with a length corresponding to the tooth / groove pitch and then projected in the preselected direction z .

The procedure described above for the design and construction of a track is particularly advantageous when it comes to serial carriers of great length (eg. 61920 mm or 24768 mm. When using comparatively short, mostly at ground level (e.g., the beams 1 of Figures 2 and 4) must be as described Procedures usually do not apply because here the provision of separate Substructures for the carrier 1 is readily possible. Shortened pieces of this carrier therefore always need only at the end of a guideway section formed from these carriers be inserted to the associated constraint point with an offset of less than 43 mm.

The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, which can be modified in many ways. This applies in particular to the described lengths, tooth / groove divisions, assembly gaps, expansion gaps and other dimensions. Corresponding kits of carriers and stator packages can of course be realized with other tooth / groove divisions. Furthermore, it would be possible, instead of just two different "second" or "third" stator packs and a "first" stator pack, to include further "first", "second" and "third" stator packs with lengths other than those indicated and / or others to provide as the specified gradations or to omit one or the other "second" or "third" stator packet, in which case other inequalities for G may result.

It is also possible to connect the infrastructure to special structures such. B. Bridges or the like. Provide more "third" stator, where z. B. a preselected Number of teeth / grooves are completely missing or can be shortened arbitrarily to the To compensate for the connection to the particular special structure needed differential lengths or to create expansion gaps. Next, with the invention also routes for Vehicles with more than two stators or driveways with two lanes and four stators or routes are realized with three or more tracks, these tracks each on the same carriers or mechanically coupled and on common Fixed and movable bearings stored carriers can be arranged.

Claims (18)

1. Guideway for a magnetic-levitation train with a long-stator linear drive having at least two parallel stators, including: a plurality of support beams (1), which are arranged along a route for the formation of straight and curved guideway sections, and stator sections mounted on the support beams (1), said stator sections being arranged along parallel space curve sections allocated to them and comprising straight stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f; 26a,f; 27a,f) and likewise straight middle stator packs (6b-e; 7b-e; 26b-e; 27b-e) arranged between these, which are laid in the region of the curved guideway sections to form outer and inner stator sections (6, 7, 26, 27) in the manner of traverses and are separated from one another by gaps (23, 24), wherein, calculated on the basis of an imaginary space curve (2) located between the two space curve sections, the stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f; 26a,f; 27a,f) and the middle stator packs (6b-e; 7be; 26b-e; 27b-e) have a preselected tooth/groove pitch (16) as well as different "ideal" lengths, which differ from one another by fractions of a tooth/groove pitch (16) and result from the sums of one respective sheet stack, assembly gap and coating component, characterised in that the middle stator packs (6be; 7b-e; 26b-e; 27b-e) in at least one outer and inner stator section (6, 7, 26, 27) are combined with one another, taking into consideration their different "ideal" lengths, in such a way that a total "material" gap between the stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f; 26a,f; 27a,f) and the middle stator packs (6b-e; 7b-e; 26b-e; 27b-e) of this stator section (6, 7, 26, 27) has the smallest possible width, wherein the total "material" gap is the difference between the length of a space curve section (8, 9) allocated to this stator section (6, 7, 26, 27) and the sum of the "ideal" lengths of the stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f; 26a,f; 27a,f) lying in this stator section (6, 7, 26, 27) and the middle stator packs (6b-e; 7b-e; 26b-e; 27b-e).
2. Guideway according to Claim 1, characterised in that the middle stator packs include first stator packs (6c, 26b-e; 27b,c,e) with an "ideal" length, which corresponds to an integral multiple of the tooth/groove pitch (16).
3. Guideway according to Claim 2, characterised in that the middle stator packs include second and third stator packs (6b,d,e; 7b-e; 27d), the "ideal" lengths of which are larger or smaller than lengths of the first stator packs (6c; 26b-e; 27b,c,e) by fractions of a tooth/groove pitch (16).
4. Guideway according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the support beams (1) are laid between points (18, 19) of the space curve (2), which are spaced at distances from one another, which correspond to an integral multiple of the tooth/groove pitch (16).
5. Guideway according to Claim 4, characterised in that the distances between the points (18, 19) predominantly also correspond to integral multiples of the "ideal" lengths of the first stator packs (6c; 26b-e; 27b,c,e).
6. Guideway according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that between stator sections of two support beams (1) adjoining one another in route direction expansion gaps (20a, 21a) are respectively provided and stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f; 26a,f; 27a,f) allocated to these have a length, which, taking into consideration the sizes of the expansion gaps (20a, 21a), have a "material" length, which is smaller than the length of the first stator packs (6c; 26b-e; 27b,c,e) by a fraction of a tooth/groove pitch (16).
7. Guideway according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that between stator sections of two support beams (1) adjoining one another in route direction expansion gaps (20a, 21a) are respectively provided and stator end packs allocated to these are shortened in comparison to the first stator packs (6c; 26b-e; 27b,c,e) by a tooth/groove pitch (16).
8. Guideway according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the points (18, 19) lie on planes (11, 12) directed as normal line to the space curve (2).
9. Guideway according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterised in that the second and third stator packs (6b,d,e or 7b-e, 27d) and the stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f; 26a,f; 27a,f) have a tooth/groove pitch (16) corresponding to the tooth/groove pitch (16) of the first stator packs (6c; 26b-e; 27b,c,e) and the larger or smaller "ideal" length is obtained by appropriately lengthening or shortening end teeth (17b,c).
10. Guideway according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterised in that the second and third stator packs and the stator end packs have a tooth/groove pitch, which is larger or smaller than the tooth/groove pitch of the first stator packs (6; 26b-e; 27b,c,e) by a dimension corresponding to their larger or smaller "ideal" length respectively.
11. Guideway according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterised in that with an unchanged groove width, the second and third stator packs and the stator end packs have a tooth width, which is larger or smaller than the tooth width of the first stator packs by a dimension corresponding to their larger or smaller "ideal" length respectively.
12. Guideway according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that it is produced by using a preselected small number of support beam types or standard support beams with different lengths, which are respectively arranged between points (18, 19), which are spaced at distances corresponding to different integral multiples of the tooth/groove pitch (16) and different integral multiples of the first stator packs (6b; 26b-e; 27b,c,e).
13. Guideway according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the second stator packs (6b,d,e) are only provided inside the outer stator sections (6, 27).
14. Guideway according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f; 26a,f; 27a,f) and the middle stator packs (6b-e; 7b-e; 26b-e; 27b-e) are combined with one another inside the outer and inner stator sections (6, 7, 26, 27) such that -1 mm ≤ G < 2 mm applies, wherein G is the difference between the lengths of the space curve sections allocated to the stator sections (6, 7, 26 27) and the sums of the "ideal" lengths of the stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f; 26a,f; 27a,f) and middle stator packs (6b-e; 7b-e; 26b-e; 27b-e) contained in the stator sections (6, 7, 26, 27).
15. Construction kit for the production of guideways according to one of Claims 1 to 14 for a magnetic-levitation train with a long-stator linear motor having at least two parallel stators, characterised in that it contains a plurality of the first, second and third stator packs (6b-e; 7b-e; 26b-e; 27b-e) and the stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f; 26a,f; 27a,f) corresponding to at least one of Claims 3, 7, 9, 10 and 11 as well as standard support beams (1) corresponding to Claim 12.
16. Method for the production of a guideway for a magnetic-levitation train with curved and possibly also straight guideway sections, which form at least two tracks (31, 32), are provided with stators of one respective long-stator linear motor per track and have outer and inner track sections corresponding to their curvatures, wherein along a predetermined route two space curves (2a, 2b) allocated to the tracks (31, 32), at least one first and one second check point (33, 34) and a projecting section (35) arranged between these are fixed, along the projecting section (35) support beams (36, 37, 44-49) and their bearings are arranged for the guideway and the stators and the support beams (36, 37, 44-49) are provided with stator packs forming the stators, characterised in that the distance between the two check points (33, 34) is fixed so that the space curve (2a) of the track (31), which adjoins the second check point (34) at an outer track section, has a length, which corresponds to an integral multiple of a preselected tooth/groove pitch (16) for the guideway, that additionally, beginning at the first check point (33), standard support beams (36, 37, 46, 48) from the construction kit according to Claim 15 are arranged along the respective outer track sections, while along the respective inner track sections support beams (44, 45, 47, 49) are arranged, which are shortened in relation to the standard support beams (36, 37, 46, 48) by integral multiples of the tooth/groove pitch (16), wherein the shortening of these support beams (44, 45, 47, 49) is performed in such a way that their ends are displaced relative to the ends of an allocated standard support beam (36, 37, 46, 48) of the outer track section at most by half a tooth/groove pitch in each case, and that all support beams (36, 37, 44-49) are equipped with stator packs and stator end packs from the construction kit according to Claim 15 to produce a guideway according to at least one of Claims 1 to 14.
17. Method according to Claim 16, characterised in that for the case where the last support beam (48) of the outer track section adjoining the second check point (34) has a length projecting over the second check point (34), it is shortened by an integral multiple (16) so that it adjoins the second check point (34) without any displacement.
18. Method according to Claim 16 or 17, characterised in that when the curvature change point (38) is reached, the standard support beam (37) crossing this is only laid along the outer track section in front of the curvature change point (38) when it crosses the curvature change point (38) by not more than half its length, otherwise it is arranged on the track section lying outside behind the curvature change point (38).

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