EP1069646A2 - Antenne à microbande - Google Patents

Antenne à microbande Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1069646A2
EP1069646A2 EP00305729A EP00305729A EP1069646A2 EP 1069646 A2 EP1069646 A2 EP 1069646A2 EP 00305729 A EP00305729 A EP 00305729A EP 00305729 A EP00305729 A EP 00305729A EP 1069646 A2 EP1069646 A2 EP 1069646A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
patch
antenna
ground plane
frequency
pairs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP00305729A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1069646A3 (fr
Inventor
Richard Simon Greville Davies
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alan Dick and Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Alan Dick and Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alan Dick and Co Ltd filed Critical Alan Dick and Co Ltd
Publication of EP1069646A2 publication Critical patent/EP1069646A2/fr
Publication of EP1069646A3 publication Critical patent/EP1069646A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a patch antenna.
  • the invention consists in an antenna for radiating at a plurality of frequencies including a ground plane for a first patch and a patch for each frequency, the patches being spaced and arranged in a stack with the ground plane such that the or each preceding patch constitute the ground plane for its succeeding patch; each patch being electrically surrounded by its respective ground plane whereby each ground plane will not resonate at its respective patches associated frequency .
  • each preceding patch as a ground plane for the succeeding patch enables a precisely co-located compact multi-band antenna to be constructed.
  • the area of the ground plane is preferably at least 50% greater than the area of the patch and ratio of 2:1 has been found to provide good 'forward' radiation.
  • the antenna includes respective means for feeding each patch. It is particularly preferred that these feeding means feed the patches for dual polarised operation because of the improvement in reception in adverse environments. If dual polarisation is used, then it is desirable that there is a high degree of isolation not only between the polarisations within the frequency band but also between the bands themselves.
  • Each feeding means may include two pairs of voltage sources connected to align points on the ground plane of a respective patch and probes extending from the points to the patch. For dual polarised operation the respective lines joining the pairs of points are orthogonal. To put this more broadly each means for feeding may include two pairs of diametrically placed capacitively coupled probes.
  • the means for feeding may include a wire probe, in which case the probe may be coupled to its respective patch by an aperture in the patch.
  • the probe may be coupled to its respective patch by an aperture in the patch.
  • the patches may be of geometrically regular shape and are preferably square. In any event it is preferred that they are coaxial.
  • the resonant frequency of a patch is approximately twice the resonant frequency of its preceding patch, so that the resonant frequency increases as one moves along the stack from the ground plane.
  • Each patch may be separated from its ground plane by less than a quarter of the wave length of its operating or resonant frequency.
  • a conducting ground plane 1 is provided and stacked above that are patches 2 and 3.
  • the ground plane 1 co-operates with the patch 2 serving as a reflector against which the patch 2 is electrically driven.
  • the patch 2 is resonant at a frequency in the lower operating frequency band, whilst the patch 3 is intended to resonant at a frequency in the upper frequency band and utilises the patch 2 as its ground plane.
  • Each of the patches is spaced from its respective ground plane by less than a quarter of a wave length at the patch operating frequency and each is shaped so that it can operate in two mutually orthogonal modes and radiate respective orthogonal polarisations.
  • the lower patch is driven from voltage sources 4a, 4b and 5a, 5b established on the ground plane 1 and connected to the patch 2 by means of probe wires 10a - 10d and series capacitors 8a - 8d formed within the patch.
  • the upper patch 3 is driven by voltage sources 6a, 6b and 7a, 7b established in the lower frequency patch and connected by respective wire probes 11a - 11d and series capacitors 9a - 9d within the upper frequency patch.
  • imaginary lines drawn between the diametrically opposed probes e.g. 10a, 10c and 10b, 10d are orthogonal and hence well isolated dual polarised radiation can be achieved.
  • the probe ends within a diagonal set are placed on the voltage node line of the mode orthogonal to that set ensuring that the feed voltages at for example, 4a and 4b and 5a and 5b are equal and opposite in magnitude.
  • the series capacitors, patch size and height and the length of cable between pairs of probes the antenna can be made to have a VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) of less than 1.2:1 across each frequency band.
  • VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
  • the feed to a pair of voltage sources is arranged such that the feed is initially to a first of the pair and then by a delay cable from the first of the pair to the second. If the delay cable is selected to create a delay of half a wavelength, then the two associated probes can be fed 180° out of phase at the operating frequency of the patch.
  • the upper frequency patch should be central with respect to the lower frequency patch and this should certainly be the best case for pattern symmetry.
  • isolation between each band has been found to be adequate for the GSM and PCN bands. This is attributed to the fact that each patch is considerably off resonance with respect to the other.
  • the resonance frequency of an upper patch in a pair is approximately at least twice the frequency of the resonance frequency of the lower one in a pair.
  • the ground plane 1 and patches 2 and 3 are conveniently formed from squares of double sided printed circuit board, and for convenience, are spaced from each other by insulating pillars 13, 14.
  • the patch 2 is fed via cables 4 and 5 and delay cables 12a, 12b, whilst patch 3 is similarly fed by cables 8 and 9 and corresponding delay cables 15a and 15b.
  • the two sides of the double printed circuit 16 board forming the ground plane are electrically connected together so that even though the patch 2 extends slightly beyond the printed circuit board 16 it is electrically surrounded by the much larger ground plane 1. This ensures that the ground plane 1 does not resonate at the design resonant frequency of the patch 2 and reflects the radiation in the patch 2 away from the ground plane 1.
  • top metallic layer 1a overlaps the hole 17 in the board 16 and is strongly capacitively coupled to ground via the intervening dielectric. This enables RF connection of the two sides which make up the ground plane 16 to ground without the usual metallic connection problems of dissimilar metal junctions.
  • probes 10 and 11 are coupled into the patches by respective dielectric bushes, for example those shown at 8a - 8d, and these allow for a controlled capacitive coupling.
  • the patch 3 is significantly smaller than the patch 2 and in any case should not extend beyond the ground plane constituted by the patch 2.
  • the corners of the patch 3 are removed simply for assembly purposes and to all intents and purposes the patch 3 is effectively square.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
EP00305729A 1999-07-10 2000-07-06 Antenne à microbande Ceased EP1069646A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9916146 1999-07-10
GB9916146A GB2352091B (en) 1999-07-10 1999-07-10 Patch antenna

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1069646A2 true EP1069646A2 (fr) 2001-01-17
EP1069646A3 EP1069646A3 (fr) 2001-07-04

Family

ID=10856973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00305729A Ceased EP1069646A3 (fr) 1999-07-10 2000-07-06 Antenne à microbande

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1069646A3 (fr)
GB (1) GB2352091B (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002050940A3 (fr) * 2000-12-21 2002-08-29 Kathrein Werke Kg Antenne a plaque, conçue pour fonctionner dans au moins deux gammes de frequences
WO2004051798A1 (fr) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-17 Obschestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostju 'algoritm' Dispositif d'antenne a diagramme de directivite reglable et antenne planaire directionnelle
EP1531517A1 (fr) * 2003-11-12 2005-05-18 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Antenne haute fiabilité à polarisation circulaire en tole métallique
WO2006059937A1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Powerwave Technologies Sweden Ab Descente d'antenne double bande
US7292201B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2007-11-06 Airgain, Inc. Directional antenna system with multi-use elements
WO2014091458A3 (fr) * 2012-12-13 2014-11-06 Poynting Antennas (Pty) Limited Agencement d'antennes à plaque à double polarisation
US11652301B2 (en) 2018-04-11 2023-05-16 Qualcomm Incorporated Patch antenna array

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4660048A (en) * 1984-12-18 1987-04-21 Texas Instruments Incorporated Microstrip patch antenna system
GB8501225D0 (en) * 1985-01-17 1985-02-20 Cossor Electronics Ltd Antenna
US5003318A (en) * 1986-11-24 1991-03-26 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Dual frequency microstrip patch antenna with capacitively coupled feed pins
US4947178A (en) * 1988-05-02 1990-08-07 Lotfollah Shafai Scanning antenna
US5043738A (en) * 1990-03-15 1991-08-27 Hughes Aircraft Company Plural frequency patch antenna assembly
US5153600A (en) * 1991-07-01 1992-10-06 Ball Corporation Multiple-frequency stacked microstrip antenna
FR2709878B1 (fr) * 1993-09-07 1995-11-24 Univ Limoges Antenne fil-plaque monopolaire.
US5880694A (en) * 1997-06-18 1999-03-09 Hughes Electronics Corporation Planar low profile, wideband, wide-scan phased array antenna using a stacked-disc radiator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002050940A3 (fr) * 2000-12-21 2002-08-29 Kathrein Werke Kg Antenne a plaque, conçue pour fonctionner dans au moins deux gammes de frequences
US6861988B2 (en) 2000-12-21 2005-03-01 Kathrein-Werke Kg Patch antenna for operating in at least two frequency ranges
WO2004051798A1 (fr) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-17 Obschestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostju 'algoritm' Dispositif d'antenne a diagramme de directivite reglable et antenne planaire directionnelle
EP1531517A1 (fr) * 2003-11-12 2005-05-18 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Antenne haute fiabilité à polarisation circulaire en tole métallique
US7075486B2 (en) 2003-11-12 2006-07-11 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Circularly polarized wave antenna made of sheet metal with high reliability
WO2006059937A1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Powerwave Technologies Sweden Ab Descente d'antenne double bande
US7292201B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2007-11-06 Airgain, Inc. Directional antenna system with multi-use elements
WO2014091458A3 (fr) * 2012-12-13 2014-11-06 Poynting Antennas (Pty) Limited Agencement d'antennes à plaque à double polarisation
US11652301B2 (en) 2018-04-11 2023-05-16 Qualcomm Incorporated Patch antenna array
EP3776735B1 (fr) * 2018-04-11 2024-07-17 QUALCOMM Incorporated Réseau d'antennes à plaque
US12136766B2 (en) 2018-04-11 2024-11-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Patch antenna array

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2352091A (en) 2001-01-17
GB9916146D0 (en) 1999-09-08
GB2352091B (en) 2003-09-17
EP1069646A3 (fr) 2001-07-04

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