EP1056559A1 - Ingot mould with multiple angles for loaded continuous casting of metallurgical product - Google Patents

Ingot mould with multiple angles for loaded continuous casting of metallurgical product

Info

Publication number
EP1056559A1
EP1056559A1 EP99959484A EP99959484A EP1056559A1 EP 1056559 A1 EP1056559 A1 EP 1056559A1 EP 99959484 A EP99959484 A EP 99959484A EP 99959484 A EP99959484 A EP 99959484A EP 1056559 A1 EP1056559 A1 EP 1056559A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slot
cooled
metal
ingot mold
internal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99959484A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1056559B1 (en
Inventor
Eric Perrin
Gérard PERRIN
Cosimo Salaris
Edouard Weisseldinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forges et Acieries de Dilling SA
USINOR SA
Original Assignee
Forges et Acieries de Dilling SA
USINOR SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Forges et Acieries de Dilling SA, USINOR SA filed Critical Forges et Acieries de Dilling SA
Publication of EP1056559A1 publication Critical patent/EP1056559A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1056559B1 publication Critical patent/EP1056559B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/0401—Moulds provided with a feed head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a head of a continuous casting mold in charge "of a metallurgical product, in such a bloom, a billet or slab steel
  • continuous casting under load which in fact constitutes an improvement on the general process of continuous casting, is implemented in such a way that the meniscus (free surface of the cast metal) is carried upstream of the level or begins the solidification of the metal inside the head of the ingot mold
  • the usual copper tubular element of the ingot mold cooled by internal circulation of re rc ⁇ c ⁇ ssement water, is overcome , in a perfectly contiguous manner, by an uncooled extension in heat-insulating refractory material serving as a reserve of molten metal supplied by the casting jet from a distributor placed at the top at a short distance
  • the meniscus of liquid metal is established there, during the casting inside the refractory riser, while the solidification of the metal begins only at the level of the cooled metallic tubular element, which, like in conventional continuous casting, calibrates the shape and size of the cast product.
  • This gas injection has the effect of shearing the heterogeneous parasitic solidification veil which could form above against the interior wall of the refractory riser and thus create the conditions favorable to a frank and regular start of solidification at the level of the cool copper element located just below.
  • the object of the present invention is precisely to propose a solution making it possible to reduce, or even completely eliminate these solidification defects in the corners of the cast products obtained.
  • the subject of the invention is a mold for continuous casting in charge of molten metals, comprising a cooled metallic tubular element of quadrangular shape defining the shape and size of the cast product and in which the molten metal solidifies on contact of the cooled inner metal wall, said cooled tubular element being surmounted by an uncooled riser made of heat-insulating refractory material defining a reserve of molten metal to be solidified, a slot for injecting a shearing fluid (in particular a gas inert under pressure, such as argon preferably) along the inner periphery of the mold being formed between the cooled metal element and the refractory riser, mold characterized in that it is provided with flow reduction means of shear fluid in the corners.
  • a shearing fluid in particular a gas inert under pressure, such as argon preferably
  • these means are constituted by an element constituting an obstacle to the passage of gas in the injection slot and placed in each of the corners of the slot.
  • the invention results from the following considerations. To obtain a satisfactory shearing effect from the gas flow injected at the base of the riser, it is necessary to maintain a gas flow rate all along the slot so that it there are no dead zones on which fragments of undesirable solidification would therefore persist. However, even if one feeds the slit from a peripheral distributor of pressurized gas, thus ensuring equal pressure drops and, consequently, a constant linear output flow over the entire length of slit, one does not however obtain a flow of gas injected equal at any point of the perimeter of the poured product.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic half-view, in axial section, of the upper part of the ingot mold, along the plane 1-1 of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic half-view in axial section of the upper part of the mold, according to plane 2-2 of FIG. 3.
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the lower part of the mold, along the plane 3-3 of Figure 1 or Figure 2.
  • a Continuous casting ingot mold generally designated by the reference 1 which comprises a tubular element of cooled copper 6 extended upward, and in a very joi ⁇ tive manner to avoid infiltration of molten metal, by an extension 5 made of refractory material not cooled.
  • the cooled metallic element 6 and the refractory riser 5 delimit, in their internal part, an internal casting space 3 in which the casting and solidification of a molten metal 4 such as steel is carried out.
  • the internal casting space 3 has a cross section of square shape with rounded angles, the radius of which has been deliberately exaggeratedly enlarged in order to better reveal the characteristic constituent elements of the invention which will be specified again below.
  • the tubular element cooled in copper 6 constitutes the main element of the mold.
  • the riser 5 a specific component of the so-called "laden" casting, its essential function is to serve as a reserve 4 of molten metal .
  • This metal arrives by a pouring jet 12 coming from a distributor 14 placed a short distance above and brought by a nozzle 13 mounted on the outlet orifice of the distributor
  • the reserve 4 constitutes a buffer mass, which has a role determining in terms of hydrodynamics by allowing the often violent eddies of liquid metal due to the large amount of movement of the steel jet 12 to develop there freely and therefore to absorb it.
  • the liquid steel which then arrives in the c ⁇ stailisoir 6 to solidify therein is in a much calmer state and above all distant from the meniscus 15, the agitation of which is often at the origin of the solidification heterogeneities of the extreme skin in a conventional continuous casting mold Below the reserve 4, the flow of molten metal approaches a flow of “piston” type, that is to say without marked gradient of the speed vector in the section, which is extremely favorable for the good completion of the solidification process
  • the extension in refractory material 5 generally comprises - but not shown in the figures - a main upper part in a fibrous refractory material chosen for its thermal insulation qualities in order to keep the reserve of molten metal 4 in the liquid state, for example the material sold under the name A120K by the firm KAPYROK and a lower annular insert chosen from a dense refractory material, such as SiAION® to ensure better mechanical strength in the immediate vicinity of the cooled copper element 6 stressed by the start of solidification
  • extension is fixed in a well aligned position with the tubular element 6 by means of centering pins not shown and of an assembly flange 9 with tie rod 9 ′, this flange bearing on a metal plate 5a covering the part A refractory plate 10 is advantageously provided for the passage of the tie rods and to ⁇ gidifier the assembly
  • parasitic solidification films 16 of more or less extensive cast metal can form on the interior wall of the riser. Even localized around the periphery, they can be harmful to the good. solidification procedure in the c 6 filler as long as these fragments 16 manage to extend to the level of the edge of the cooled element 6 where solidification begins To break off before this stage the possible unwanted solidification veil prematurely forms in the enhancement, a base injection of a shearing fluid is practiced at the base thereof.
  • a gas is preferably used in this respect, and more preferably a gas chemically inert with respect to the cast metal, such as argon
  • a slot 18, of thin thickness for example of the order of 0.2 mm, is formed between the extension 5 and the copper element re cooled 6
  • This slot opens freely towards the inside of the ingot mold and opens at its other end into a sealed annular chamber 19 formed in the extension
  • This chamber 19, which runs along the slot 18 all along, serves to distribute the linear flow rate of gas leaving the slit It is connected by a line 20 to an external source of pressurized gas 21
  • the slit 18 has an annular shape analogous to the quadrangular shape of the mold, therefore of that which takes the cast product 7 once solidified as a skin within the copper element 6 In particular, it therefore has a four-angle contour as shown in FIG. 3, where the rounding of the angles has been deliberately exaggerated for the aforementioned reasons
  • the shearing gas introduced into the casting space 3 is brought from two sides at right angles to the slot 18, the supply bidirection- ⁇ elle and convergent corner areas of the casting space 3 produces a gas blowing in these areas, causing a risk of local distancing of the cast metal from the copper wall 11 at the upper edge thereof, where the extreme skin is formed, and consequently, of the lack of solidified metal, compared to the rest of the periphery, in the vicinity of the edges of the cast product being solidified within the copper element 6. due to the lack of effective cooling of the product in these places.
  • the obstructing elements 17, placed in the corners of the gap 18, can be constituted by balls of flexible fibrous refractory material which, after tightening the riser against the top of the metallic element 6, stop off locally the passage by crushing., from the outside to the inside of the mold.
  • Each of the obstruction elements 17 is then advantageously delimited towards the outside by the internal contour of the distribution chamber 19, towards the inside by an angle of the casting space 3, and laterally by two rectilig ⁇ es sides converging in the direction of the casting space 3, making an angle ⁇ with the perpendicular to the flat internal surface of the casting space 3, at the corresponding end of the rounded angle 3a (or 3b, 3c, 3d, respectively) of the casting space delimiting inwardly the obstruction element 17.
  • the width of the obstruction element 17, in its least wide area, adjacent to an angle of the casting space should preferably be between 4 and 6.5 mm. If this width is less than 4 mm, it is difficult to remove the local gas overflow injected into the corner. If the width is greater than 6.5 mm, there is an area around the corner, where the linear flow rate of injected gas is zero.
  • the angle between the rectilinear side of the obstruction element 17 and the perpendicular to the internal surface of the casting space will advantageously be between 0 and 45 °.
  • the linear flow rate of injected gas that is to say the flow rate per unit length of the internal contour of the ingot mold at the level of the slot 18 cancels in an area near the corners.
  • the two lateral ribs rectilinear obstructing elements 17 can make angles ⁇ and ⁇ 'different with the perpendiculars to the flat internal surface of the internal casting space 3, at the ends of the angles
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has been described.
  • the slot 18 in its corner areas and to suppress the gas flow in these areas by providing a slight excess thickness of the extension 5 in the corner areas extending along the width of the slot 18, between the internal casting space 3 and the distribution chamber 19
  • This additional thickness can be produced by machining, for example by milling, of the underside of the extension 5 adjacent to the element 6
  • the additional angle may be provided on element 6, the upper face of which is turned towards the extension 5 for this purpose.
  • the area in excess thickness will have a shape analogous to the shape of the obstructing elements 17 as shown in FIG.
  • additional thickness may preferably be of the order of 0.2 mm It is also possible to partially obstruct the distribution chamber 19 in areas close to its angles, so as to limit or s remove supply from the corner areas of the slot 18
  • the obstruction of the distribution chamber can be achieved, for example, by inserting plugs through the channels in the direction into the corner areas of the distribution chamber gas circulation in the distribution chamber or caps with a certain porosity
  • the invention applies to any mold head more continuous casting laden in charge of a metallurgical product, such as a billet, * a bloom or a slab, preforms of shape already close to the finished product (beams, rails, various profiles, ). Furthermore, it can be applied both in the case of continuous casting of steel and in the case of continuous casting of non-ferrous metals.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns an ingot mould comprising in succession, in the direction for extracting the metallic product to be cast (7): a preheater (5) made of noncooled refractory material acting as reservoir for the melting metal to be cast and a standard cooled tubular metal element (6) for solidifying the metal. A slot (18) for injecting the shearing gas (for example Ar) is arranged between the preheater (5) and the metal clement (6) so as to emerge on the ingot mold internal periphery. The injection slot comprises means (17) for reducing the gas flow in each of the ingot mold angles, preferably formed by obstructing elements. The invention enables to reduce, even eliminate, defects encountered along the edges of the solidified cast products.

Description

Lingotière pluπaπαulairβ de coulée continue en charge d'un produit métallurgique Pluπaπαulairβ ingot mold for continuous casting in charge of a metallurgical product
L'invention concerne une tête d'une lingotière de coulée continue en charge" d'un produit métallurgique, tel au un bloom, une billette ou une brame en acierThe invention relates to a head of a continuous casting mold in charge "of a metallurgical product, in such a bloom, a billet or slab steel
Dans le cas de la coulée continue d'un produit métallurgique, on coule un métal en fusion dans une partie supérieure ou tête d'une lingotière ayant une disposition géπérale verticale et hors de laquelle est extrait par le bas un produit solidifié en périphérieIn the case of continuous casting of a metallurgical product, casting a molten metal into an upper part or head of an ingot mold having a vertical géπé r ale available and outside of which is extracted from the bottom product in a solidified periphery
Le procédé dit de "coulée continue en charge", qui constitue en fait un perfectionnement du procédé générai αe coulée continue est mis en œuvre d'une manière telle que le ménisque (surface libre du métal coulé) est reporté en amont du niveau ou commence la solidification du métal à l'intérieur de la tête de la lingotière Pour mettre en œuvre le procédé de coulée continue en charge, l'élément tubulaire en cuivre habituel de la lingotière, refroidi par circulation interne d'eau de re rcιcιssement, est surmonté, de façon parfaitement jointive, par une rehausse non refroidie en matière réfractaire thermo-isolante servant de réserve de métal en fusion alimentée par le jet de coulée depuis un répartiteur disposé au αessus à faible distance Grâce à ce nouveau type de réalisation de la tête de lingotière, le ménisque de métal liquide s'y établit, pendant la coulée a l'intérieur de la rehausse réfractaire, alors que la solidification du métal ne commence qu'au niveau de l'élément tubulaire métallique refroidi, qui lui, comme en coulée continue classique calibre en forme et en taille le produit coulé De la sorte les remous dans le métal liquide dus au jet de coulée sont limités à l'intérieur de la rehausse Dans l'espace de solidification défini par l'élément tubulaire en cuivre placé en dessous, l'écouiement de métal coulé peut être ainsi maintenu dans un état hydrodynamique relativement calme ce qui permet notamment de régulariser le profil de solidification de l'acier au contact de la paroi refroidie en cuivre selon tout le pourtour intérieur de la lingotière Cependant, pour mettre en œuvre un tel procédé de manière satisfaisante, il est nécessaire d'éviter toute solidification prématurée eu métal coulé au niveau de la rehausse afin de pouvoir assurer le démarrage de la solidification plus bas précisément à l'endroit du contact avec la paroi froide en cuivreThe process known as "continuous casting under load", which in fact constitutes an improvement on the general process of continuous casting, is implemented in such a way that the meniscus (free surface of the cast metal) is carried upstream of the level or begins the solidification of the metal inside the head of the ingot mold To implement the continuous casting process under load, the usual copper tubular element of the ingot mold, cooled by internal circulation of re rcιcιssement water, is overcome , in a perfectly contiguous manner, by an uncooled extension in heat-insulating refractory material serving as a reserve of molten metal supplied by the casting jet from a distributor placed at the top at a short distance Thanks to this new type of embodiment of the head ingot mold, the meniscus of liquid metal is established there, during the casting inside the refractory riser, while the solidification of the metal begins only at the level of the cooled metallic tubular element, which, like in conventional continuous casting, calibrates the shape and size of the cast product. In this way, the eddies in the liquid metal due to the casting jet are limited to the interior of the riser In the solidification space defined by the tubular copper element placed below, the casting of cast metal can thus be maintained in a relatively calm hydrodynamic state which in particular makes it possible to regularize the solidification profile of the steel in contact with the copper-cooled wall along the entire inner periphery of the mold However, to implement such a method satisfactorily, it is necessary to avoid any premature solidification of the metal cast at the level of the riser in order to ability to start solidification lower precisely at point of contact with cold copper wall
Pour cela, on a déjà proposé αe ménager un interstice de très faible hauteur (inférieur à 1 mm et généralement de l'ordre de 02 mm) entre la rehausse réfractaire et l'élément tuculairε en cuivre et de réaliser, par l'intermédiaire de cette fente, une injection de fluide, généralement de gaz inerte te! que de l'argon dans la lingotière selon sa périphérie intérieure Pour assurer un débit de gaz en tout peint de la fente, celle ci est alimentée en gaz sous pression par l'intermédiaire d'une chambre de répartition qui l'entoure.For this, it has been proposed ae spare a gap of reduced height (lower than 1 mm and generally of the order of 02 mm) between the refractory feed and tuculairε copper element and to realize, by the intermediary of this slot, an injection of fluid, generally inert gas te! as argon in the mold according to its inner periphery To ensure a flow of gas in all painted from the slot, it is supplied in pressurized gas via a distribution chamber which surrounds it.
Cette injection de gaz a pour effet de cisailler le voile de solidification parasite hétérogène qui pourrait se former au dessus contre la paroi inté- eure de la rehausse réfractaire et créer ainsi les conditions favorables à un démarrage franc et régulier de la solidification au niveau de l'élément en cuivre refroidi situé juste en dessous.This gas injection has the effect of shearing the heterogeneous parasitic solidification veil which could form above against the interior wall of the refractory riser and thus create the conditions favorable to a frank and regular start of solidification at the level of the cool copper element located just below.
Dans le cas des lingotières non-circulaires, autrement-dit dans le cas de lingotières dotées d'un élément tubulaire refroidi de forme quadrangulaire (pour la coulée de brames, ou de blooms ou billettes de section droite carrée, par exemple) ou plus généralement pluriangulaire (coulée d'ébauches ayant déjà la forme du produit fini recherché), on a pu constater sur les produits coulés après solidification complète la présence de défauts de solidification le long des arêtes, tels que criques longitudinales, exfoliations, etc., défauts dont l'origine a pu être identifiée comme étant un manque de métal solidifié en ces endroits déjà au niveau de la lingotière, donc au moment même de la formation de la peau solide.In the case of non-circular ingot molds, in other words in the case of ingot molds provided with a cooled tubular element of quadrangular shape (for the casting of slabs, or of blooms or billets of square cross section, for example) or more generally multi-angular (casting of blanks already having the shape of the desired finished product), it has been observed on the cast products after complete solidification the presence of solidification defects along the edges, such as longitudinal cracks, exfoliations, etc., defects of which the origin could be identified as being a lack of solidified metal in these places already at the level of the ingot mold, therefore at the very moment of the formation of the solid skin.
La présente invention a précisément pour but de proposer une solution permettant de réduire, voire d'éliminer complètement ces défauts de solidification dans les angles des produits coulés obtenus.The object of the present invention is precisely to propose a solution making it possible to reduce, or even completely eliminate these solidification defects in the corners of the cast products obtained.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une lingotière de coulée continue en charge des métaux en fusion, comprenant un élément tubulaire métallique refroidi de forme quadrangulaire définissant la forme et la taille du produit coulé et dans lequel le métal en fusion se solidifie au contact de la paroi métallique intérieure refroidie, ledit élément tubulaire refroidi étant surmonté par une rehausse non refroidie en matériau réfractaire thermo-isolant définissant une réserve de métal en fusion à solidifier, une fente d'injection d'un fluide de cisaillage (notamment un gaz inerte sous pression, tel que de l'argon de préférence) selon la périphérie intérieure de la lingotière étant ména- gée entre l'élément métallique refroidi et la rehausse réfractaire, lingotière caractérisée en ce qu'elle est pourvue de moyens de réduction du débit de fluide de cisaillage dans les angles.To this end, the subject of the invention is a mold for continuous casting in charge of molten metals, comprising a cooled metallic tubular element of quadrangular shape defining the shape and size of the cast product and in which the molten metal solidifies on contact of the cooled inner metal wall, said cooled tubular element being surmounted by an uncooled riser made of heat-insulating refractory material defining a reserve of molten metal to be solidified, a slot for injecting a shearing fluid (in particular a gas inert under pressure, such as argon preferably) along the inner periphery of the mold being formed between the cooled metal element and the refractory riser, mold characterized in that it is provided with flow reduction means of shear fluid in the corners.
De préférence, ces moyens sont constitués par un élément constituant un obstacle au passage du gaz dans la fente d'injection et placé dans chacun des angles de la fente.Preferably, these means are constituted by an element constituting an obstacle to the passage of gas in the injection slot and placed in each of the corners of the slot.
L'invention résulte des considérations suivantes. Pour obtenir un effet de cisaillage satisfaisant du flux de gaz injecté à la base de la rehausse, il est nécessaire de maintenir un débit de gaz tout le long de la fente afin qu'il n'y ait pas de zones mortes sur lesquelles des fragments de solidification indésirable persisteraient donc. Or, même si on alimente la fente à partir d'un répartiteur périphérique de gaz sous pression, assurant donc des pertes de charge égales et, par conséquent, un débit linéique sortant constant sur toute la longueur de fente, on n'obtient cependant pas un débit de gaz injecté égal en tout point du périmètre du produit coulé. On observe en effet un surdébit de gaz dans les angles de la lingotière dû au fait que, la fente étant bien entendu de même forme rectangulaire que la lingotière, l'intérieur de celle-ci est alimenté en gaz de manière bidirectionnelle dans ses zones d'angle. Ce surdébit dans les angles se traduit au voisinage de la fente, donc en particulier dans la partie supérieure de l'élément en cuivre refroidi situé juste en dessous par une surpression qui peut provoquer un décollement local de la peau solidifiée de la paroi froide en cuivre à l'endroit des arêtes du produit coulé. Ce sont ces décollements qui, en raison de l'effon- drement de l'efficacité de refroidissement du produit dans les angles qui en résulte, sont responsables de phénomènes perturbateurs de la solidification du type "manque de métal solidifié", lesquels se concrétisent ensuite sur le produit coulé obtenu par des défauts de solidification dans les angles le long des arêtes. Afin de bien faire comprendre l'invention, on va maintenant décrire, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en se référant aux figures jointes en annexe, une lingotière de coulée continue en charge d'une billette d'acier de forme carrée, suivant l'invention.The invention results from the following considerations. To obtain a satisfactory shearing effect from the gas flow injected at the base of the riser, it is necessary to maintain a gas flow rate all along the slot so that it there are no dead zones on which fragments of undesirable solidification would therefore persist. However, even if one feeds the slit from a peripheral distributor of pressurized gas, thus ensuring equal pressure drops and, consequently, a constant linear output flow over the entire length of slit, one does not however obtain a flow of gas injected equal at any point of the perimeter of the poured product. There is indeed a gas overflow in the corners of the ingot mold due to the fact that, the slot being of course of the same rectangular shape as the ingot mold, the interior thereof is supplied with gas bidirectionally in its zones d 'angle. This overflow in the angles results in the vicinity of the slot, therefore in particular in the upper part of the cooled copper element located just below by an overpressure which can cause a local separation of the solidified skin from the cold copper wall. at the edges of the cast product. It is these detachments which, due to the collapse of the cooling efficiency of the product in the resulting angles, are responsible for disturbing phenomena of solidification of the "lack of solidified metal" type, which then materialize. on the cast product obtained by solidification defects in the corners along the edges. In order to clearly understand the invention, we will now describe, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the attached figures, a continuous casting ingot mold in charge of a steel billet of square shape, according to the invention.
La figure 1 est une demi-vue schématique, en coupe axiale, de la partie supérieure de la lingotière, suivant le plan1-1 de la figure 3.FIG. 1 is a schematic half-view, in axial section, of the upper part of the ingot mold, along the plane 1-1 of FIG. 3.
La figure 2 est une demi-vue schématique en coupe axiale de la partie supérieure de la lingotière, suivant le plan 2-2 de la figure 3.FIG. 2 is a schematic half-view in axial section of the upper part of the mold, according to plane 2-2 of FIG. 3.
La figure 3 est une vue de dessus de la partie inférieure de la lingotière, suivant le plan 3-3 de la figure 1 ou de la figure 2. Sur la figure 1 et sur la figure 2, on voit la partie supérieure d'une lingotière de coulée continue en charge désignée de manière générale par le repère 1 qui comporte un élément tubulaire en cuivre refroidi 6 prolongé vers le haut, et de manière bien joiπtive pour éviter les infiltrations de métal en fusion, par une rehausse 5 en, matériau réfractaire non refroidi. L'élément métallique refroidi 6 et la rehausse réfractaire 5 délimitent, dans leur partie interne, un espace interne de coulée 3 dans lequel on réalise la coulée et la solidification d'un métal en fusion 4 tel que de l'acier. Comme il est visible sur la figure 3, l'espace interne de coulée 3 présente une section transversale de forme carrée à angles arrondis, dont le rayon a été volontairement exagérément agrandi pour mieux faire apparaître les éléments caractéristiques constitutifs de l'invention que l'on précisera à nouveau par la suite On notera que l'élément tubulaire refroidi en cuivre 6 constitue l'élément principal de la lingotière C'est lui qui, étant énergiquement refroidi par une circulation interne d'eau (laquelle s'établit ici dans un espace 2 que ménage une chemise métallique 8 entourant à distance l'élément 6), sert classiquement de cπstallisoir, contre la paroi intérieure 11 duquel se solidifie l'acier en fusion 7 en formant d'abord une première peau 7' dès le premier contact avec le cuivre froid 11 Ensuite, à mesure que le produit coulé progresse vers le bas dans la lingotière dans le sens indiqué par la flèche F, cette peau, sous l'effet du pompage calorique intense due au refroidissement énergique de l'élément en cuivre 6, s'épaissit de plus en plus La soli- dification du produit coulé 7 progresse ainsi de la périphérie vers l'axe central jusqu'à solidification complète qui intervient classiquement à une dizaine de mètres sous la lingotière, des rampes d'aspersion d'eau étant prévues à cet effet à la suite de celle-ci pour arroser directement la surface du produit coulé à refroidir Quant à la rehausse 5, composant spécifique de la coulée dite "en charge", sa fonction essentielle est de servir de réserve 4 de métal en fusion. Ce métal arrive par un jet de coulée 12 en provenance d'un répartiteur 14 placé à faible distance au dessus et amené par une busette 13 montée sur l'orifice de sortie du répartiteur La réserve 4 constitue une masse- tampon, qui a un rôle déterminant au plan de l'hydrodynamique en permettant aux remous souvent violents de métal liquide dus à la forte quantité de mouvement du jet d'acier 12 de s'y développer librement et donc de s'y amortir. Ainsi, l'acier liquide qui arrive ensuite dans le cπstailisoir 6 pour s'y solidifier est dans un état beaucoup plus calme et surtout éloigné du ménis- que 15, dont l'agitation est souvent à l'origine des hétérogénéités de solidification de l'extrême peau en lingotière de coulée continue classique En dessous de la réserve 4, l'écoulement du métal en fusion s'approche d'un écoulement de type "piston", c'est-à-dire sans gradient marqué du vecteur vitesse dans la section, ce qui est extrêmement favorable au bon accomplis- sèment du processus de solidificationFigure 3 is a top view of the lower part of the mold, along the plane 3-3 of Figure 1 or Figure 2. In Figure 1 and Figure 2, we see the upper part of a Continuous casting ingot mold generally designated by the reference 1 which comprises a tubular element of cooled copper 6 extended upward, and in a very joiπtive manner to avoid infiltration of molten metal, by an extension 5 made of refractory material not cooled. The cooled metallic element 6 and the refractory riser 5 delimit, in their internal part, an internal casting space 3 in which the casting and solidification of a molten metal 4 such as steel is carried out. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the internal casting space 3 has a cross section of square shape with rounded angles, the radius of which has been deliberately exaggeratedly enlarged in order to better reveal the characteristic constituent elements of the invention which will be specified again below. It will be noted that the tubular element cooled in copper 6 constitutes the main element of the mold. It is it which, being energetically cooled by an internal circulation of water (which is established here in a space 2 which is housed in a metal jacket 8 surrounding the element 6 at a distance), conventionally serves as a cπstallisoir, against the inner wall 11 from which the molten steel solidifies 7 by first forming a first skin 7 ′ from the first contact with cold copper 11 Then, as the cast product progresses downward in the mold in the direction indicated by arrow F, this skin, under the effect of intense caloric pumping due to the vigorous cooling of the copper element 6, spreads thickens more and more The solidification of the cast product 7 thus progresses from the periphery towards the central axis until complete solidification which conventionally occurs ten meters below the mold, water spraying ramps being provided for this purpose following this to directly sprinkle the surface of the cast product to be cooled. As for the riser 5, a specific component of the so-called "laden" casting, its essential function is to serve as a reserve 4 of molten metal . This metal arrives by a pouring jet 12 coming from a distributor 14 placed a short distance above and brought by a nozzle 13 mounted on the outlet orifice of the distributor The reserve 4 constitutes a buffer mass, which has a role determining in terms of hydrodynamics by allowing the often violent eddies of liquid metal due to the large amount of movement of the steel jet 12 to develop there freely and therefore to absorb it. Thus, the liquid steel which then arrives in the cπstailisoir 6 to solidify therein is in a much calmer state and above all distant from the meniscus 15, the agitation of which is often at the origin of the solidification heterogeneities of the extreme skin in a conventional continuous casting mold Below the reserve 4, the flow of molten metal approaches a flow of “piston” type, that is to say without marked gradient of the speed vector in the section, which is extremely favorable for the good completion of the solidification process
La rehausse en matériau réfractaire 5 comporte en règle générale - mais non représentée sur les figures- une partie supérieure principale en un matériau réfractaire fibreux choisi pour ses qualités thermo-isolantes afin de conserver la réserve de métal en fusion 4 à l'état liquide, par exemple le matériau commercialisé sous la dénomination A120K par la firme KAPYROK et un insert annulaire inférieur choisi en un matériau réfractaire dense, tel que du SiAION ® pour assurer une meilleure tenue mécanique au voisinage immédiat de l'élément en cuivre refroidi 6 sollicité par le début de solidificationThe extension in refractory material 5 generally comprises - but not shown in the figures - a main upper part in a fibrous refractory material chosen for its thermal insulation qualities in order to keep the reserve of molten metal 4 in the liquid state, for example the material sold under the name A120K by the firm KAPYROK and a lower annular insert chosen from a dense refractory material, such as SiAION® to ensure better mechanical strength in the immediate vicinity of the cooled copper element 6 stressed by the start of solidification
On observera que la rehausse est fixée en position bien alignée avec l'élément tubulaire 6 au moyen de pions de centrage non représentés et d'une bride d'assemblage 9 à tirant 9', cette bride portant sur une plaque métallique 5a recouvrant la partie réfractaire Un caisson en tôle 10 est avantageusement prévu pour le passage des tirants et pour πgidifier le montageIt will be observed that the extension is fixed in a well aligned position with the tubular element 6 by means of centering pins not shown and of an assembly flange 9 with tie rod 9 ′, this flange bearing on a metal plate 5a covering the part A refractory plate 10 is advantageously provided for the passage of the tie rods and to πgidifier the assembly
Malgré les qualités thermo-isolantes du matériau réfractaire utilisé pour la rehausse 5, des pellicules de solidification parasite 16 de métal coulé plus ou moins étendues peuvent se former sur la paroi intérieure de la rehausse Même localisées sur le pourtour, elles peuvent être néfastes au bon déroulement de la solidification dans le cπstallisoir 6 pour peu que ces fragments 16 parviennent à s'étendre jusqu'au niveau du bord de l'élément refroidi 6 où débute la solidification Pour rompre avant ce stade l'éventuel voile de solidification indésirable forme prématurément dans la rehausse, on pratique à la base de celle-ci une injection périphérique d'un fluide de cisaillage On utilisera a cet égard de préférence un gaz, et de préférence encore un gaz chimiquement inerte à l'égard du métal coulé, tel que de l'argon A cette fin, une fente 18, de faible épaisseur par exemple de l'ordre de 0,2 mm, est ménagée entre la rehausse 5 et l'élément en cuivre refroidi 6 Cette fente s'ouvre librement vers l'intérieur de la lingotière et débouche à son autre extrémité dans une chambre annulaire étanche 19 ménagée dans la rehausse Cette chambre 19, qui longe la fente 18 tout du long, sert à bien répartir le débit linéique de gaz devant sortir de la fente Elle est reliée par une conduite 20 à une source externe de gaz sous pression 21 La fente 18 présente une forme annulaire analogue a la forme quadrangulaire de la lingotière, donc de celle que prend le produit coulé 7 une fois solidifié en peau au sein de l'élément en cuivre 6 En particulier, elle présente donc un contour à quatre angles comme montre sur la figure 3, où l'arrondi des angles a été délibérément exagère pour les raisons prémentionπéesDespite the heat-insulating qualities of the refractory material used for the riser 5, parasitic solidification films 16 of more or less extensive cast metal can form on the interior wall of the riser. Even localized around the periphery, they can be harmful to the good. solidification procedure in the c 6 filler as long as these fragments 16 manage to extend to the level of the edge of the cooled element 6 where solidification begins To break off before this stage the possible unwanted solidification veil prematurely forms in the enhancement, a base injection of a shearing fluid is practiced at the base thereof. A gas is preferably used in this respect, and more preferably a gas chemically inert with respect to the cast metal, such as argon To this end, a slot 18, of thin thickness for example of the order of 0.2 mm, is formed between the extension 5 and the copper element re cooled 6 This slot opens freely towards the inside of the ingot mold and opens at its other end into a sealed annular chamber 19 formed in the extension This chamber 19, which runs along the slot 18 all along, serves to distribute the linear flow rate of gas leaving the slit It is connected by a line 20 to an external source of pressurized gas 21 The slit 18 has an annular shape analogous to the quadrangular shape of the mold, therefore of that which takes the cast product 7 once solidified as a skin within the copper element 6 In particular, it therefore has a four-angle contour as shown in FIG. 3, where the rounding of the angles has been deliberately exaggerated for the aforementioned reasons
Du fait qu'au voisinage de chacun des angles 3a, 3b, 3c et 3d de la lingotière le gaz de cisaillage introduit dans l'espace de coulée 3 est amené à partir de deux côtés a angle droit de la fente 18, l'alimentation bidirection- πelle et convergente des zones d'angle de l'espace de coulée 3 produit un sursoufflage de gaz dans ces zones, entraînant un risque d'éloignement local du métal coulé de la paroi en cuivre 11 au niveau du bord supérieur de celui-ci, là où se forme l'extrême peau , et par conséquent, des manques de métal solidifié, par rapport au reste du pourtour, au voisinage des arêtes du produit coulé en cours de solidification au sein de l'élément en cuivre 6. en raison du manque de refroidissement efficace du produit en ces endroits.Because in the vicinity of each of the angles 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d of the mold, the shearing gas introduced into the casting space 3 is brought from two sides at right angles to the slot 18, the supply bidirection- πelle and convergent corner areas of the casting space 3 produces a gas blowing in these areas, causing a risk of local distancing of the cast metal from the copper wall 11 at the upper edge thereof, where the extreme skin is formed, and consequently, of the lack of solidified metal, compared to the rest of the periphery, in the vicinity of the edges of the cast product being solidified within the copper element 6. due to the lack of effective cooling of the product in these places.
De manière à éviter cette suralimentation en gaz des zones d'angle on dispose, conformément à l'invention, dans les angles de la fente 18 des éléments d'obstruction du passage du gaz, comme il est visible sur les figures 2 et 3.In order to avoid this gas overfeeding of the corner areas, there are, according to the invention, in the corners of the slot 18, elements for obstructing the passage of the gas, as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3.
Les éléments d'obstruction 17, placés dans des angles de l'interstice 18, peuvent être constitués par des pelotes de matériau réfractaire fibreux souple qui, après serrage de la rehausse contre le dessus de l'élément mé- tallique 6, viennent boucher localement le passage par écrasement., de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur de la lingotière. Chacun des éléments d'obstruction 17 est alors avantageusement délimité vers l'extérieur par le contour interne de la chambre de répartition 19, vers l'intérieur par un angle de l'espace de coulée 3, et latéralement par deux côtés rectiligπes convergeant en direction de l'espace de coulée 3, en faisant un angle α avec la perpendiculaire à la surface interne plane de l'espace de coulée 3, à l'extrémité correspondante de l'angle arrondi 3a (ou 3b,3c,3d, respectivement) de l'espace de coulée délimitant vers l'intérieur l'élément d'obstruction 17.The obstructing elements 17, placed in the corners of the gap 18, can be constituted by balls of flexible fibrous refractory material which, after tightening the riser against the top of the metallic element 6, stop off locally the passage by crushing., from the outside to the inside of the mold. Each of the obstruction elements 17 is then advantageously delimited towards the outside by the internal contour of the distribution chamber 19, towards the inside by an angle of the casting space 3, and laterally by two rectiligπes sides converging in the direction of the casting space 3, making an angle α with the perpendicular to the flat internal surface of the casting space 3, at the corresponding end of the rounded angle 3a (or 3b, 3c, 3d, respectively) of the casting space delimiting inwardly the obstruction element 17.
Dans le cas où l'angle arrondi de l'espace de coulée de la lingotière présente un rayon voisin de 6,5 mm, la largeur de l'élément d'obstruction 17, dans sa zone la moins large, adjacente à un angle de l'espace de coulée, doit être de préférence comprise entre 4 et 6,5 mm. Si cette largeur est inférieure à 4 mm, on supprime mal le surdébit local de gaz injecté dans l'angle. Dans le cas où la largeur est supérieure à 6,5 mm, il existe une zone au voi- sinage de l'angle, où le débit linéique de gaz injecté est nul.In the case where the rounded angle of the casting space of the ingot mold has a radius close to 6.5 mm, the width of the obstruction element 17, in its least wide area, adjacent to an angle of the casting space should preferably be between 4 and 6.5 mm. If this width is less than 4 mm, it is difficult to remove the local gas overflow injected into the corner. If the width is greater than 6.5 mm, there is an area around the corner, where the linear flow rate of injected gas is zero.
Par ailleurs, l'angle entre le côté rectiligne de l'élément d'obstruction 17 et la perpendiculaire à la surface interne de l'espace de coulée sera avantageusement compris entre 0 et 45°. Au-delà de ces valeurs d'inclinaison des côtés de l'élément d'obstruction 17, le débit linéique de gaz injecté, c'est-à-dire le débit par unité de longueur du contour intérieur de la lingotière au niveau de la fente 18 s'annule dans une zone au voisinage des angles.Furthermore, the angle between the rectilinear side of the obstruction element 17 and the perpendicular to the internal surface of the casting space will advantageously be between 0 and 45 °. Beyond these values of inclination of the sides of the obstruction element 17, the linear flow rate of injected gas, that is to say the flow rate per unit length of the internal contour of the ingot mold at the level of the slot 18 cancels in an area near the corners.
On a déterminé qu'une valeur de l'angle α voisine de 20° permettait d'obtenir un débit linéique constant suivant le pourtour intérieur de la lingotière, dans le cas de la couiee de produits de forme rectangulaire ou carrée Dans certains cas, en fonction de la forme plus ou moins complexe des produits à couler, les deux côtes latéraux rectilignes des éléments d'obstruction 17 peuvent faire des angles α et α' différents avec les perpendiculaires à la surface interne plane de I espace interne de coulée 3, aux extrémités des anglesWe determined that a value of the angle α close to 20 ° allowed to obtain a constant linear flow rate according to the internal circumference of the ingot mold, in the case of the coating of products of rectangular or square shape In certain cases, according to the more or less complex shape of the products to be cast, the two lateral ribs rectilinear obstructing elements 17 can make angles α and α 'different with the perpendiculars to the flat internal surface of the internal casting space 3, at the ends of the angles
En utilisant des éléments d'obstruction de la fente 18 présentant les caractéristiques géométriques et dimensionnelles données ci-dessus, on peut obtenir un débit linéique de gaz inerte dans l'espace interne de coulée, au niveau de la fente 18 parfaitement constant On supprime ainsi les défauts de solidification observés le long des arêtes du produit coulé une fois solidifiéBy using obstructing elements of the slot 18 having the geometrical and dimensional characteristics given above, it is possible to obtain a linear flow rate of inert gas in the internal casting space, at the level of the slot 18 perfectly constant. solidification defects observed along the edges of the cast product once solidified
L'invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation qui a été décrit. Par exemple, on peut utiliser, comme élément d'obstruction de la fente 18 dans ses zones d'angle, des matériaux différents de fibres réfractaires. Ces éléments peuvent être totalement imperméables au gaz, ou encore légèrement poreux.The invention is not limited to the embodiment which has been described. For example, it is possible to use, as an element for obstructing the slot 18 in its corner zones, different materials of refractory fibers. These elements can be completely impermeable to gas, or even slightly porous.
Il est possible également d'obstruer la fente 18 dans ses zones d'angle et de supprimer le débit de gaz dans ces zones en prévoyant une légère surépaisseur de la rehausse 5 dans les zones d'angle s'étendant suivant la largeur de la fente 18, entre l'espace interne de coulée 3 et la chambre de répartition 19 Cette surépaisseur peut être réalisée par usinage, par exemple par fraisage, de la face inférieure de la rehausse 5 adjacente à l'élément 6 Réciproquement, la surépaisseur d'angle peut être prévue sur l'élément 6 dont on usinerait à cet effet la face supérieure tournée vers la rehausse 5 De préférence la zone en surépaisseur présentera une forme analogue à la forme des éléments d'obstruction 17 telle que représentée sur la figure 3. Cette surépaisseur peut être de préférence de l'ordre de 0,2 mm II est possible également d'obstruer partiellement la chambre de répartition 19 dans des zones voisines de ses angles, de manière à limiter ou à supprimer l'alimentation des zones d'angle de la fente 18 L'obstruction de la chambre de répartition peut être réalisée, par exemple, en introduisant dans les zones d'angle de la chambre de répartition des bouchons traversés par des canaux dans le sens de circulation du gaz dans la chambre de répartition ou encore des bouchons présentant une certaine porositéIt is also possible to obstruct the slot 18 in its corner areas and to suppress the gas flow in these areas by providing a slight excess thickness of the extension 5 in the corner areas extending along the width of the slot 18, between the internal casting space 3 and the distribution chamber 19 This additional thickness can be produced by machining, for example by milling, of the underside of the extension 5 adjacent to the element 6 Conversely, the additional angle may be provided on element 6, the upper face of which is turned towards the extension 5 for this purpose. Preferably, the area in excess thickness will have a shape analogous to the shape of the obstructing elements 17 as shown in FIG. additional thickness may preferably be of the order of 0.2 mm It is also possible to partially obstruct the distribution chamber 19 in areas close to its angles, so as to limit or s remove supply from the corner areas of the slot 18 The obstruction of the distribution chamber can be achieved, for example, by inserting plugs through the channels in the direction into the corner areas of the distribution chamber gas circulation in the distribution chamber or caps with a certain porosity
Dans la mesure où est respectée sa définition donnée par les revendications jointes, l'invention s'applique à toute tête de lingotière pluπangu- laire de coulée continue en charge d'un produit métallurgique, tel qu'une billette,*un bloom ou une brame, ébauches de forme déjà proche du produit fini (poutrelles, rails, profilés divers, ...). Par ailleurs, elle peut s'appliquer aussi bien dans le cas de la coulée continue d'acier que dans le cas de la coulée continue de métaux non ferreux. Insofar as its definition given by the appended claims is respected, the invention applies to any mold head more continuous casting laden in charge of a metallurgical product, such as a billet, * a bloom or a slab, preforms of shape already close to the finished product (beams, rails, various profiles, ...). Furthermore, it can be applied both in the case of continuous casting of steel and in the case of continuous casting of non-ferrous metals.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS T.- Lingotière de coulée continue en charge des métaux en fusion, comprenant un élément tubulaire métallique refroidi (6) de forme pluriangu- laire définissant la forme et la taille du produit coulé et dans lequel le métal en fusion (7) se solidifie au contact de la paroi métallique intérieure refroidie (11 ), ledit élément tubulaire refroidi étant surmonté par une rehausse (5) non refroidie en matériau réfractaire thermo-isolant définissant une réserve de métal en fusion à solidifier, une fente (18) d'injection d'un fluide de cisaillage selon la périphérie intérieure de la lingotière étant ménagée entre ledit élé- ment métallique refroidi (6) et ladite rehausse réfractaire (5), lingotière caractérisée en ce qu'elle est pourvue de moyens (17) de réduction du débit de fluide de cisaillage dans les angles.CLAIMS T.- Continuous casting ingot in charge of molten metals, comprising a cooled metallic tubular element (6) of pluriangular shape defining the shape and size of the cast product and in which the molten metal (7) solidifies in contact with the cooled internal metal wall (11), said cooled tubular element being surmounted by an uncooled extension (5) made of heat-insulating refractory material defining a reserve of molten metal to be solidified, an injection slot (18) of a shearing fluid along the inner periphery of the mold being formed between said cooled metal element (6) and said refractory riser (5), mold characterized in that it is provided with means (17) for reducing the shear fluid flow in the corners.
2.- Lingotière suivant la revendication 1 , caractérisée par le fait que les moyens de réduction du débit de gaz sont constitués par des éléments (17) d'obstruction locale du passage de la fente (18).2. Ingot mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for reducing the gas flow consist of elements (17) of local obstruction of the passage of the slot (18).
3.- Lingotière suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que les éléments d'obstruction (17) sont constitués chacun par une pelote en réfractaire fibreux comprimée entre la rehausse (5) et l'élément tubulaire refroidi (6) et placée chacune dans une zone d'angle (3a....3d) de la fente (18).3. Ingot mold according to claim 2, characterized in that the obstruction elements (17) each consist of a ball of fibrous refractory compressed between the extension (5) and the cooled tubular element (6) and each placed in a corner area (3a .... 3d) of the slot (18).
4.- Lingotière suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisée par le fait que les éléments d'obstruction (17) de chacune desdites zones d'angle de la fente (18) présentent deux côtés latéraux rectilignes entre la chambre de répartition (19) et un angle (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) d'une surface interne de l'espace interne de coulée (3) convergeant en direction de l'espace de coulée (3) et faisant chacun avec une perpendiculaire à la surface interne de coulée (3), au voisinage d'un angle (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) de la surface de l'espace interne de coulée (3), un angle compris entre 0° et 45°. 5.- Lingotière suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2, 3 et 4, et comportant des angles arrondis ayant un rayon voisin de 6,5 mm, caractérisée par le fait que les éléments d'obturation (17) ont une face tournée en regard de l'espace de coulée (3) de largeur comprise entre 4 et 6,4. Ingot mold according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the obstructing elements (17) of each of said corner areas of the slot (18) have two rectilinear lateral sides between the chamber distribution (19) and an angle (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) of an internal surface of the internal casting space (3) converging in the direction of the casting space (3) and each making a perpendicular to the internal casting surface (3), in the vicinity of an angle (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) of the surface of the internal casting space (3), an angle between 0 ° and 45 °. 5. Ingot mold according to any one of claims 2, 3 and 4, and comprising rounded angles having a radius close to 6.5 mm, characterized in that the closure elements (17) have a face turned in sight of the casting space (3) of width between 4 and 6,
5 mm.5 mm.
6.- Lingotière suivant la revendication 1 , caractérisée par le fait que les moyens de réduction du débit de gaz sont constitués par des éléments d'obstruction partielle des angles de la fente d'injection (18). 6. Ingot mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for reducing the gas flow rate consist of elements for partially obstructing the angles of the injection slot (18).
EP99959484A 1998-12-18 1999-12-16 Ingot mould with multiple angles for loaded continuous casting of metallurgical product Expired - Lifetime EP1056559B1 (en)

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FR9816055A FR2787359B1 (en) 1998-12-18 1998-12-18 PLURIANGULAR LINGOTIERE OF CONTINUOUS CASTING IN CHARGE OF A METALLURGICAL PRODUCT
FR9816055 1998-12-18
PCT/FR1999/003166 WO2000037197A1 (en) 1998-12-18 1999-12-16 Ingot mould with multiple angles for loaded continuous casting of metallurgical product

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MXPA00007935A (en) 2003-09-10
ATE246060T1 (en) 2003-08-15
FR2787359A1 (en) 2000-06-23
PL342366A1 (en) 2001-06-04
BR9908047A (en) 2000-10-31
WO2000037197A8 (en) 2000-10-12
CZ20003009A3 (en) 2001-10-17
SI20311A (en) 2001-02-28
SK12102000A3 (en) 2002-09-10
DE69909974D1 (en) 2003-09-04
KR20010034498A (en) 2001-04-25
JP2002532257A (en) 2002-10-02
WO2000037197A1 (en) 2000-06-29
RU2211743C2 (en) 2003-09-10
ZA200004013B (en) 2002-05-06
FR2787359B1 (en) 2001-10-12
EP1056559B1 (en) 2003-07-30
TR200002392T1 (en) 2000-12-21
US6354363B1 (en) 2002-03-12
CN1291122A (en) 2001-04-11
CA2320841A1 (en) 2000-06-29

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