EP1039118A2 - Cylinder block for a piston engine - Google Patents

Cylinder block for a piston engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1039118A2
EP1039118A2 EP00105442A EP00105442A EP1039118A2 EP 1039118 A2 EP1039118 A2 EP 1039118A2 EP 00105442 A EP00105442 A EP 00105442A EP 00105442 A EP00105442 A EP 00105442A EP 1039118 A2 EP1039118 A2 EP 1039118A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder block
cylinder
bearing
bearing blocks
light metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00105442A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1039118A3 (en
EP1039118B1 (en
Inventor
Heinrich Dr. Fuchs
Harry Wilck
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Honsel Werke AG
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Honsel Werke AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1039118A2 publication Critical patent/EP1039118A2/en
Publication of EP1039118A3 publication Critical patent/EP1039118A3/en
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Publication of EP1039118B1 publication Critical patent/EP1039118B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F02B75/221—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement with cylinder banks in narrow V-arrangement, having a single cylinder head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F02B75/224—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement with cylinders in fan arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0043—Arrangements of mechanical drive elements
    • F02F7/0053—Crankshaft bearings fitted in the crankcase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0436—Iron
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0436—Iron
    • F05C2201/0439—Cast iron

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder block made of a light metal alloy for a piston engine at least one cylinder liner.
  • crankcase It is therefore endeavored for the crankcase to be inexpensive, easy to cast and editable
  • these light metal alloys cause problems with the high combustion pressures resulting from the high compression of modern piston engines, especially for diesel engines with direct injection, which these light metal alloys do not have grown.
  • This known embodiment of a cylinder block is suitable for a diesel engine
  • direct injection and correspondingly high combustion pressures are used not to be regarded as a lightweight component, since a large part of the weight is on or off the Cylinder liners, the crankshaft bearing mount and the base formed from the base Gray cast iron is not required.
  • the basic block is made of alloys other than Gray cast iron can exist if only the rigidity of the material of the base block is greater than that of the Cylinder block is, however, no information is given as to which materials are suitable and these Materials should cover the entire basic block, i.e. H. both as cylinder liners and as Be suitable for crankshaft bearings.
  • the invention is based on the problem of creating a cylinder block for a piston engine, which withstands the high demands of modern engines with the lowest possible weight and where it is possible to choose the most suitable materials for the cylinder liners, for the force-conducting elements and for the cylinder block, without regard to the to compromise the required properties.
  • a cylinder block made of a light metal alloy for one Piston engine with at least one cylinder liner proposed, according to the invention cast in, from the crankshaft bearing blocks to the bearing surface of a cylinder head Storage chairs made of a higher heat and fatigue strength than the cylinder block alloy and a low thermal expansion coefficient light alloy, which the Pick up cylinder head and crankshaft bearing bolts or continuous tie rods, to provide.
  • the invention is based on the consideration for the entire cylinder block including the force-absorbing and transmitting areas to provide light metal alloys for the light alloy of the cylinder block forming the water jacket and the crankcase To use inexpensive, easily castable and mechanically machinable light metal alloy. In contrast, a light metal alloy with higher warm and Fatigue strength and a low coefficient of thermal expansion are used, so that in the Let the connection between the crankcase and the cylinder head transmit higher forces continuous flow of power from the crankshaft pedestals to the cylinder head is achieved. The higher heat and fatigue strength of the light metal alloy used serves this goal.
  • the Cylinder liners can consist of the light alloy of the crankcase if the Treads are treated in a known manner to increase wear. It is also possible Prefabricated cylinder liners made of a wear-resistant material, preferably from a insert hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy in the cylinder block or with the Pour light alloy of the cylinder block. It is important that the invention Possibility exists for the material of the cylinder block and the camp chairs, respectively, the best select suitable light metal alloys and, if necessary, also one for the cylinder liners use more light metal alloy.
  • crankshaft pedestals to be screwed onto the bearing seats can preferably also made of light alloy with higher heat and fatigue strength as well as a low one Thermal expansion coefficients exist and advantageously in a crankcase lower part the same light alloy as the cylinder block with the bearing blocks Bearing bridges cast in. This creates a power flow from the cylinder head to Crankshaft bearings.
  • a light alloy for the camp chairs and trestles, for the intended purpose is particularly suitable, can have a high silicon and / or a high iron, copper and Have nickel content.
  • the light metal alloy can also be particle or be fiber reinforced.
  • the storage chairs and trestles are prefabricated and made of a special alloy, it is advantageous if they are produced by powder metallurgy by sintering. Through this procedure on the one hand there is the possibility of the storage chairs and trestles each in an appropriate form to press and sinter, whereby the powder metallurgical process gives great freedom in the Composition of the light alloy used. It is also possible to get one Manufacture bolts using powder metallurgy or spray compacting, from which extrusion is used to make a profit from which the camp chairs and trestles can be obtained by separating them with the have the desired thickness produced.
  • the storage chairs and trestles can have openings into which the melt for Pouring used light metal alloy penetrates and when cooling a positive Connection forms.
  • a cylinder block 1 for a multi-cylinder in-line engine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is schematic and cut according to the section I-I in the area of a bearing chair 4 and one Cylinder liner 2 shown. From a cylinder liner 2 or two neighboring ones Cylinder liners 2 is in section I - I in the area between parallel legs 14 one U-shaped forked bearing chair 4 reaching wall area shown.
  • two bearing blocks 4 are parallel to one another arranged on both sides of a cylinder liner 2.
  • Storage chairs 4 arranged between the cylinders and at both ends of the cylinder block 1.
  • the storage chairs 4 are cast with a light metal alloy, the crankcase and possibly the Cylinder liners 2 and the water jacket 13 forms.
  • a crankcase lower part 8 is a a plurality of crankshaft bearing blocks 7 are cast in and form in the crankcase lower part 8 Bearing bridges 9.
  • the lower part of the bearing block 4 forms a bore 5 for the crankshaft bearing block 7 Crankshaft bearings.
  • the upper end of the cylinder block 1 forms a support surface 6 for one, not shown Cylinder head
  • In the legs 14 of the bearing blocks 4 are threaded holes 10 for Cylinder head screws and 5 threaded holes 11 for the side of the bearing holes Crankshaft bearing bolts are provided.
  • Crankshaft bearing bolts, not shown, can be through holes 12 in the crankshaft bracket 7 and into the threaded hole 11 screw in.
  • a cylinder block for a multi-cylinder V-engine is shown, which in principle in is constructed in the same way as the cylinder block for an in-line engine according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the crankcase lower part 8 with the crankshaft pedestals 7 and the bearing bridges 9 is the same designed as in Fig. 1 and 2.
  • the cylinder block 15 is designed as a fork block for a V-engine and accordingly has V-shaped forked storage chairs 15, which in turn on each side Are forked in a U-shape with parallel legs 14.
  • a light metal alloy for the bearing blocks 4, 16 and bearing blocks 7, such can be used which have a high silicon and / or a high iron, copper and nickel content, since these Alloys have a high heat and fatigue strength as well as a low one Thermal expansion coefficient result. These properties can be improved if the Light metal alloy is reinforced by adding particles or fibers.
  • a manufacturing process that consists of: Manufacture extrusion bolts by powder metallurgy or by spray compacting and from there Extrusion to produce a profile that matches the cross-section of the pillow blocks and pillow blocks corresponds.
  • the bearing chairs 4, 16 and bearing blocks 7 can be easily removed from this profile Cut off with the required thickness. It is advantageous to use the extruded profile as Manufacture unit of the camp chairs and pillow blocks and the unit from the camp chair and pillow block separate from the extruded profile and only after that the bearing block from the storage chair cut off.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

The cylinder block has at least one cylinder liner (2) and cast-in thrust bearings (4) extending from the crankshaft bearing blocks (7) to the support surface (6) of a cylinder head. The thrust bearings are of a light metal alloy, which has higher heat and fatigue resistance and a lower heat expansion coefficient than the cylinder block alloy. The bearings accommodate the bearings screws for cylinder head and crankshaft, or continuous tension rods. The crankshaft bearing blocks are of the same alloy as the thrust bearings, e.g. an alloy with a high silicon and/or iron, copper, nickel content, and with particle or fiber reinforcement. Manufacture is by sintering or cutting sections off an extruded profile.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderblock aus einer Leichtmetallegierung für einen Kolbenmotor mit wenigstens einer Zylinderlaufbuchse.The invention relates to a cylinder block made of a light metal alloy for a piston engine at least one cylinder liner.

Bei Kolbenmotoren, insbesondere Kolbenmotoren für Personenkraftfahrzeuge ist man bestrebt, das Gewicht weitestgehend zu vermindern. Es ist daher bekannt, die Zylinderblöcke aus einer Leichtmetallegierung herzustellen. Kostengünstige, gut gießfähige und gut bearbeitbare Leichtmetallegierungen weisen indessen eine verhältnismäßig niedrige Warm- und Dauerfestigkeit, einen hohen Wärmedehnungskoeffizienten und einen schlechten Verschleißwiderstand an den Kolbenlaufflächen der Zylinderbohrungen auf.With piston engines, in particular piston engines for passenger vehicles, efforts are being made to ensure that Reduce weight as much as possible. It is therefore known to make the cylinder blocks from one To manufacture light metal alloy. Inexpensive, easy to cast and easy to machine Light metal alloys, however, have a relatively low heat and fatigue strength, a high coefficient of thermal expansion and poor wear resistance on the Piston running surfaces of the cylinder bores.

Um die Verschleißfestigkeit der Laufflächen zu erhöhen, ist es bekannt, nasse oder trockene Graugußzylinderlaufbuchsen vorzusehen, die nachträglich in den fertig bearbeiteten Zylinderblock eingesetzt werden oder beim Gießen des Zylinderblocks mit der Leichtmetallegierung umgossen werden. Des weiteren ist es bekannt, den Zylinderblock aus einer übereutektischen Aluminium-Siliziumlegierung einschließlich der Zylinderlaufflächen herzustellen. Derartige, übereutektische Aluminium-Siliziumlegierungen ergeben aufgrund der sich beim Abkühlen ausscheidenden Siliziumprimärkristalle eine gute Verschleißfestigkeit der Laufflächen in den Zylinderlaufbuchsen, jedoch sind diese Legierungen schwieriger zu gießen und schlechter zu bearbeiten, da die harten Siliziumprimärkristalle zu einem hohen Werkzeugverschleiß führen. In order to increase the wear resistance of the treads, it is known to be wet or dry To provide cast iron cylinder liners, which are retrofitted in the finished cylinder block be used or cast with the light alloy when casting the cylinder block become. Furthermore, it is known to make the cylinder block from a hypereutectic Manufacture aluminum-silicon alloy including the cylinder liners. Such, Hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys result from the cooling precipitating silicon primary crystals a good wear resistance of the treads in the Cylinder liners, however, these alloys are more difficult to cast and worse to close machine because the hard silicon primary crystals lead to high tool wear.

Man ist daher bestrebt, für das Kurbelgehäuse eine kostengünstige, gut gießfähige und bearbeitbare Leichtmetallegierung zu verwenden, jedoch ergeben diese Leichtmetallegierungen Probleme mit den sich bei hoher Verdichtung der modernen Kolbenmotoren ergebenden hohen Verbrennungsdrücken, insbesondere bei Dieselmotoren mit Direkteinspritzung, denen diese Leichtmetallegierungen nicht gewachsen sind.It is therefore endeavored for the crankcase to be inexpensive, easy to cast and editable To use light metal alloy, however, these light metal alloys cause problems with the high combustion pressures resulting from the high compression of modern piston engines, especially for diesel engines with direct injection, which these light metal alloys do not have grown.

Gemäß der EP 0 554 575 A1 und der EP 0 695 866 A1 ist es bereits bekannt, den Zylinderblock aus einem aus der Zylinderlaufbuchse, der Kurbelwellenlageraufnahme und dem Motorfuß gebildeten Grundblock aus Grauguß und einem damm herum gegossenen Gehäuse aus einer Leichtmetallegierung herzustellen. Zwischen der oder den Zylinderlaufbuchsen und dem Gehäuse aus der Leichtmetallegierung ist ein Wassermantel gebildet, wobei der aus der oder den Zylinderlaufbuchsen, der Kurbelwellenlageraufnahme und dem Motorfuß gebildete Grundblock aus Grauguß dazu dient, den Kraftfluß zwischen dem Zylinderkopf und der Kurbeiwellenlagerung in vollem Umfang aufzunehmen.According to EP 0 554 575 A1 and EP 0 695 866 A1, it is already known to remove the cylinder block one formed from the cylinder liner, the crankshaft bearing seat and the motor base Base block made of gray cast iron and a casing cast around it from one To manufacture light metal alloy. Between the cylinder liner (s) and the housing A light jacket is formed from the light metal alloy, the one made of or Cylinder liners, the crankshaft bearing mount and the base formed from the base Gray cast iron is used to control the flow of force between the cylinder head and the crankshaft bearing to record in full.

Diese bekannte Ausführungsform eines Zylinderblocks ist zwar geeignet, für einen Dieselmotor mit Direkteinspritzung und entsprechend hohen Verbrennungsdrücken verwendet zu werden, ist jedoch nicht als ein Leichtbauteil anzusehen, da ein großer Teil des Gewichts auf den aus der oder den Zylinderlaufbuchsen, der Kurbelwellenlageraufnahme und dem Motorfuß gebildete Grundblock aus Grauguß entfällt.This known embodiment of a cylinder block is suitable for a diesel engine However, direct injection and correspondingly high combustion pressures are used not to be regarded as a lightweight component, since a large part of the weight is on or off the Cylinder liners, the crankshaft bearing mount and the base formed from the base Gray cast iron is not required.

Zwar wird in der EP 0 695 866 A1 angegeben, daß der Grundblock aus anderen Legierungen als aus Grauguß bestehen kann, wenn nur die Steifigkeit des Materials des Grundblocks größer als die des Zylinderblocks ist, jedoch ist keine Angabe gemacht, welche Materialien geeignet sind, und diese Materialien sollen für den gesamten Grundblock, d. h. sowohl als Zylinderlaufbuchsen als auch als Kurbelwellenlageraufnahme geeignet sein. It is stated in EP 0 695 866 A1 that the basic block is made of alloys other than Gray cast iron can exist if only the rigidity of the material of the base block is greater than that of the Cylinder block is, however, no information is given as to which materials are suitable and these Materials should cover the entire basic block, i.e. H. both as cylinder liners and as Be suitable for crankshaft bearings.

Der Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, einen Zylinderblock für einen Kolbenmotor zu schaffen, der bei möglichst niedrigem Gewicht den hohen Beanspruchungen moderner Motoren gewachsen ist und bei dem es möglich ist, die jeweils am besten geeigneten Materialien für die Zylinderlaufbuchsen, für die kraftleitenden Elemente und für den Zylinderblock auszuwählen, ohne hinsichtlich der geforderten Eigenschaften nachteilige Kompromisse eingehen zu müssen.The invention is based on the problem of creating a cylinder block for a piston engine, which withstands the high demands of modern engines with the lowest possible weight and where it is possible to choose the most suitable materials for the cylinder liners, for the force-conducting elements and for the cylinder block, without regard to the to compromise the required properties.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird bei einem Zylinderblock aus einer Leichtmetallegierung für einen Kolbenmotor mit wenigstens einer Zylinderlaufbuchse vorgeschlagen, erfindungsgemäß eingegossene, von den Kurbeiwellenlagerböcken bis zur Auflagefläche eines Zylinderkopfs reichende Lagerstühle aus einer gegenüber der Zylinderblocklegierung eine höhere Warm- und Dauerfestigkeit sowie einen niedrigen Wärmedehnungskoeffizienten aufweisenden Leichtmetallegierung, die die Zylinderkopf- und Kurbelwellenlagerschrauben oder durchgehende Zuganker aufnehmen, vorzusehen.To solve this problem, a cylinder block made of a light metal alloy for one Piston engine with at least one cylinder liner proposed, according to the invention cast in, from the crankshaft bearing blocks to the bearing surface of a cylinder head Storage chairs made of a higher heat and fatigue strength than the cylinder block alloy and a low thermal expansion coefficient light alloy, which the Pick up cylinder head and crankshaft bearing bolts or continuous tie rods, to provide.

Die Erfindung geht von der Überlegung aus, für den gesamten Zylinderblock einschließlich der kräfteaufnehmenden und -weiterleitenden Bereiche Leichtmetallegierungen vorzusehen und zwar für die den Wassermantel und das Kurbelgehäuse bildende Leichtmetallegierung des Zylinderblocks eine kostengünstige, gut gießfähige und mechanisch gut bearbeitbare Leichtmetallegierung zu verwenden. Für die Lagerstühle wird demgegenüber eine Leichtmetallegierung mit höherer Warm- und Dauerfestigkeit sowie einem niedrigen Wärmedehnungskoeffizienten verwendet, so daß sich in der Verbindung zwischen Kurbelgehäuse und Zylinderkopf höhere Kräfte übertragen lassen und ein durchgehender Kraftfluß von den Kurbelwellenlagerböcken bis zum Zylinderkopf erreicht wird. Diesem Ziel dient die höhere Warm- und Dauerfestigkeit der verwendeten Leichtmetallegierung, während ihr niedrigerer Wärmedehnungskoeffizient dazu beiträgt, daß sich die Vorspannung der Zylinderkopf- und Kurbelwellenlagerschrauben bzw. Zuganker möglichst wenig mit der Temperatur verändern und sich das Lagerspiel der Kurbelwellenbohrung nicht nachteilig vergrößert. Die Zylinderlaufbuchsen können aus der Leichtmetallegierung des Kurbelgehäuses bestehen, wenn die Laufflächen in bekannter Weise verschleißerhöhend behandelt werden. Ebenso ist es möglich, vorgefertigte Zylinderlaufbuchsen aus einem verschleißfesten Material, vorzugsweise aus einer übereutektischen Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung in den Zylinderblock einzusetzen oder mit der Leichtmetallegierung des Zylinderblocks zu umgießen. Wichtig ist, daß erfindungsgemäß die Möglichkeit besteht, für das Material des Zylinderblocks und der Lagerstühle jeweils, die am besten geeigneten Leichtmetallegierungen auszuwählen und ggf auch für die Zylinderlaufbuchsen eine weitere Leichtmetallegierung einzusetzen.The invention is based on the consideration for the entire cylinder block including the force-absorbing and transmitting areas to provide light metal alloys for the light alloy of the cylinder block forming the water jacket and the crankcase To use inexpensive, easily castable and mechanically machinable light metal alloy. In contrast, a light metal alloy with higher warm and Fatigue strength and a low coefficient of thermal expansion are used, so that in the Let the connection between the crankcase and the cylinder head transmit higher forces continuous flow of power from the crankshaft pedestals to the cylinder head is achieved. The higher heat and fatigue strength of the light metal alloy used serves this goal. while its lower coefficient of thermal expansion helps the preload of the Cylinder head and crankshaft bearing bolts or tie rods as little as possible with the temperature change and the bearing play of the crankshaft bore does not disadvantageously increase. The Cylinder liners can consist of the light alloy of the crankcase if the Treads are treated in a known manner to increase wear. It is also possible Prefabricated cylinder liners made of a wear-resistant material, preferably from a insert hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy in the cylinder block or with the Pour light alloy of the cylinder block. It is important that the invention Possibility exists for the material of the cylinder block and the camp chairs, respectively, the best select suitable light metal alloys and, if necessary, also one for the cylinder liners use more light metal alloy.

Die an die Lagerstühle anzuschraubenden Kurbelwellenlagerböcke können vorzugsweise ebenfalls aus der Leichtmetallegierung mit höherer Warm- und Dauerfestigkeit sowie einem niedrigen Wärmedehnungskoeffizienten bestehen und vorteilhafterweise in ein Kurbelgehäuseunterteil aus derselben Leichtmetallegierung wie der Zylinderblock mit die Lagerböcke umfassenden Lagerbrücken eingegossen sein. Dadurch entsteht ein Kraftfluß vom Zylinderkopf zum Kurbelwellenlager.The crankshaft pedestals to be screwed onto the bearing seats can preferably also made of light alloy with higher heat and fatigue strength as well as a low one Thermal expansion coefficients exist and advantageously in a crankcase lower part the same light alloy as the cylinder block with the bearing blocks Bearing bridges cast in. This creates a power flow from the cylinder head to Crankshaft bearings.

Um einen möglichst geringen Zylindermittenabstand und geringe Kurbelwellenlagerabstände einzuhalten, ist es günstig, wenn die Lagerstühle im Bereich der Zylinderlaufbuchsen U-förmig gegabelt sind, so daß die Zylinderlaufbuchsen zwischen den Schenkeln der Gabel nahe beieinander liegen oder sich berühren können.The smallest possible center-to-center distance and small crankshaft bearing spacing to comply with, it is advantageous if the bearing seats in the area of the cylinder liners U-shaped are forked so that the cylinder liners between the legs of the fork close together can lie or touch.

Eine Leichtmetallegierung für die Lagerstühle und -böcke, die für den vorgesehenen Zweck besonderes geeignet ist, kann einen hohen Silizium- und/oder einen hohen Eisen-, Kupfer- und Nickelgehalt aufweisen. Zusätzlich kann die Leichtmetallegierung auch noch partikel- oder faserverstärkt sein.A light alloy for the camp chairs and trestles, for the intended purpose is particularly suitable, can have a high silicon and / or a high iron, copper and Have nickel content. In addition, the light metal alloy can also be particle or be fiber reinforced.

Da die Lagerstühle und -böcke vorgefertigt werden und aus einer Speziallegierung bestehen, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn sie pulvermetallurgisch durch Sintern hergestellt werden. Durch dieses Verfahren besteht einerseits die Möglichkeit, die Lagerstühle und -böcke jeweils in einer entsprechenden Form zu pressen und zu sintern, wobei durch das pulvermetallurgische Verfahren eine große Freiheit in der Zusammensetzung der verwendeten Leichtmetallegierung besteht. Ebenso ist es möglich, einen Bolzen pulvermetallurgisch oder durch Sprühkompaktieren herzustellen, daraus durch Strangpressen ein Profit herzustellen, aus dem sich die Lagerstühle und -böcke durch Abtrennen mit der gewünschten Dicke herstellen lassen.Because the storage chairs and trestles are prefabricated and made of a special alloy, it is advantageous if they are produced by powder metallurgy by sintering. Through this procedure on the one hand there is the possibility of the storage chairs and trestles each in an appropriate form to press and sinter, whereby the powder metallurgical process gives great freedom in the Composition of the light alloy used. It is also possible to get one Manufacture bolts using powder metallurgy or spray compacting, from which extrusion is used to make a profit from which the camp chairs and trestles can be obtained by separating them with the have the desired thickness produced.

Da vorzugsweise alle für den Zylinderblock verwendeten Materialien aus Leichtmetallegierungen bestehen, lassen sie sich unter Einhaltung bekannter Maßnahmen beim Gießen stoffschlüssig miteinander verbinden.Since preferably all materials used for the cylinder block made of light metal alloys exist, they can be cohesively adhering to known measures when casting connect with each other.

Zusätzlich können die Lagerstühle und -böcke Durchbrüche aufweisen, in die die Schmelze der zum Umgießen verwendeten Leichtmetallegierung eindringt und beim Abkühlen eine formschlüssige Verbindung bildet.In addition, the storage chairs and trestles can have openings into which the melt for Pouring used light metal alloy penetrates and when cooling a positive Connection forms.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand zweier in der Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele des näheren erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch einen Zylinderblock entlang der Linie I - I in Fig. 2 eines Mehrzylinderreihenmotors,
Fig. 2
eine Daraufsicht auf die Zylinderkopffläche des Zylinderblocks gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch einen Zylinderblock entlang der Linie IV - III in Fig. 4 eines Mehrzylinder-V-Motors und
Fig. 4
eine Daraufsicht auf die Zylinderkopffläche des Zylinderblocks gemäß Fig. 3.
The invention is explained below with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1
3 shows a cross section through a cylinder block along the line I - I in FIG. 2 of a multi-cylinder in-line engine,
Fig. 2
2 shows a plan view of the cylinder head surface of the cylinder block according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
a cross section through a cylinder block along the line IV - III in Fig. 4 of a multi-cylinder V-engine and
Fig. 4
3 shows a plan view of the cylinder head surface of the cylinder block according to FIG. 3.

Ein in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellter Zylinderblock 1 für einen Mehrzylinder-Reihenmotor ist schematisch und entsprechend dem Schnittverlauf I-I geschnitten im Bereich eines Lagerstuhls 4 und einer Zylinderlaufbuchse 2 dargestellt. Von einer Zylinderlaufbuchse 2 bzw. zwei benachbarten Zylinderlaufbuchsen 2 ist im Schnitt I - I ein in den Bereich zwischen parallelen Schenkeln 14 eines U-förmig gegabelten Lagerstuhls 4 reichender Wandbereich dargestellt.A cylinder block 1 for a multi-cylinder in-line engine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is schematic and cut according to the section I-I in the area of a bearing chair 4 and one Cylinder liner 2 shown. From a cylinder liner 2 or two neighboring ones Cylinder liners 2 is in section I - I in the area between parallel legs 14 one U-shaped forked bearing chair 4 reaching wall area shown.

Bei einem Einzylindermotor mit zwei Kurbelwellenlagern sind zwei Lagerstühle 4 parallel zueinander beiderseits einer Zylinderlaufbuchse 2 angeordnet. Bei einem Mehrzylinderreihenmotor sind Lagerstühle 4 zwischen den Zylindern sowie an beiden Enden des Zylinderblocks 1 angeordnet.In a single-cylinder engine with two crankshaft bearings, two bearing blocks 4 are parallel to one another arranged on both sides of a cylinder liner 2. With a multi-cylinder in-line engine Storage chairs 4 arranged between the cylinders and at both ends of the cylinder block 1.

Die Lagerstühle 4 sind mit einer Leichtmetallegierung umgossen, die das Kurbelgehäuse und ggf die Zylinderlaufbuchsen 2 und den Wassermantel 13 bildet. In ein Kurbelgehäuseunterteil 8 ist ein oder sind mehrere Kurbelwellenlagerböcke 7 eingegossen und bilden in dem Kurbelgehäuseunterteil 8 Lagerbrücken 9.The storage chairs 4 are cast with a light metal alloy, the crankcase and possibly the Cylinder liners 2 and the water jacket 13 forms. In a crankcase lower part 8 is a a plurality of crankshaft bearing blocks 7 are cast in and form in the crankcase lower part 8 Bearing bridges 9.

Der untere Teil des Lagerstuhls 4 bildet mit dem Kurbelwellenlagerbock 7 eine Bohrung 5 für ein Kurbelwellenlager.The lower part of the bearing block 4 forms a bore 5 for the crankshaft bearing block 7 Crankshaft bearings.

Das obere Ende des Zylinderblocks 1 bildet eine Auflagefläche 6 für einen nicht dargestellten Zylinderkopf In den Schenkeln 14 der Lagerstühle 4 sind Gewindebohrungen 10 für Zylinderkopfschrauben und seitlich von den Lagerbohrungen 5 Gewindebohrungen 11 für Kurbelwellenlagerschrauben vorgesehen. Nicht dargestellte Kurbelwellenlagerschrauben lassen sich durch Bohrungen 12 im Kurbelwellenlagerbock 7 hindurchstecken und in die Gewindebohrung 11 einschrauben. The upper end of the cylinder block 1 forms a support surface 6 for one, not shown Cylinder head In the legs 14 of the bearing blocks 4 are threaded holes 10 for Cylinder head screws and 5 threaded holes 11 for the side of the bearing holes Crankshaft bearing bolts are provided. Crankshaft bearing bolts, not shown, can be through holes 12 in the crankshaft bracket 7 and into the threaded hole 11 screw in.

Wenn der Zylinderkopf mit den Schenkeln 14 der Lagerstühle 4 und die Kurbelwellenlagerböcke 7 mit dem unteren Bereich der Lagerstühle 4 verschraubt sind, ergibt sich ein durchgehender Kraftfluß vom Zylinderkopf bis zu den Lagerböcken 7, ohne daß das Material des Kurbelgehäuses 3 und des Kurbelgehäuseunterteils 8 besonders hoch beansprucht wird, wenn für das Material der Lagerstühle 4 und der Kurbelwellenlagerböcke 7 eine Leichtmetallegierung mit hoher Warm- und Dauerfestigkeit sowie einem niedrigen Wärmedehnungskoeffizienten verwendet wird, während demgegenüber sich für die Leichtmetallgierung des Kurbelgehäuses 3 und des Kurbelgehäuseunterteils 8 eine gut gießfähige und gut mechanisch bearbeitbare und kostengünstige Leichtmetallegierung verwenden läßt.If the cylinder head with the legs 14 of the bearing blocks 4 and the crankshaft bearing blocks 7 are screwed to the lower area of the bearing chairs 4, there is a continuous flow of force from the cylinder head to the bearing blocks 7 without the material of the crankcase 3 and Crankcase lower part 8 is particularly stressed when for the material of the camp chairs 4 and the crankshaft bracket 7 a light alloy with high heat and fatigue strength and a low coefficient of thermal expansion is used, while in contrast for the light metal alloy of the crankcase 3 and the crankcase lower part 8 a good Use castable and easily machinable and inexpensive light metal alloy leaves.

In Fig. 3 und 4 ist ein Zylinderblock für einen Mehrzylinder-V-Motor dargestellt, der im Prinzip in gleicher Weise aufgebaut ist, wie der Zylinderblock für einen Reihenmotor gemäß Fig. 1 und 2.3 and 4, a cylinder block for a multi-cylinder V-engine is shown, which in principle in is constructed in the same way as the cylinder block for an in-line engine according to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Das Kurbelgehäuseunterteil 8 mit den Kurbelwellenlagerböcken 7 und den Lagerbrücken 9 ist gleich gestaltet wie in Fig. 1 und 2. Der Zylinderblock 15 ist als Gabelblock für einen V-Motor gestaltet und weist dementsprechend V-förmig gegabelte Lagerstühle 15 auf, die aufjeder Seite wiederum U-förmig mit parallelen Schenkeln 14 gegabelt sind.The crankcase lower part 8 with the crankshaft pedestals 7 and the bearing bridges 9 is the same designed as in Fig. 1 and 2. The cylinder block 15 is designed as a fork block for a V-engine and accordingly has V-shaped forked storage chairs 15, which in turn on each side Are forked in a U-shape with parallel legs 14.

Als Leichtmetallegierung für die Lagerstühle 4, 16 und Lagerböcke 7 lassen sich solche verwenden, die einen hohen Silizium- und/oder einen hohen Eisen-, Kupfer- und Nickelgehalt aufweisen, da diese Legierungen eine hohe Warm- und Dauerfestigkeit sowie einen niedrigen Wärmedehnungskoeffizienten ergeben. Diese Eigenschaften lassen sich noch verbessern, wenn die Leichtmetallegierung durch Zugabe von Partikeln oder Fasern verstärkt wird.As a light metal alloy for the bearing blocks 4, 16 and bearing blocks 7, such can be used which have a high silicon and / or a high iron, copper and nickel content, since these Alloys have a high heat and fatigue strength as well as a low one Thermal expansion coefficient result. These properties can be improved if the Light metal alloy is reinforced by adding particles or fibers.

Als Herstellungsverfahren für die Lagerstühle 4, 16 und die Lagerböcke 7 ist ein pulvermetallurgisches Verfahren günstig, da sich mit diesem Verfahren eine große Freiheit in der Auswahl der Legierungsbestandteile ergibt, und sich die Lagerstühle 4, 16 und die Lagerböcke 7 in geeigneten Formen pressen und sintern lassen.As a manufacturing process for the bearing blocks 4, 16 and the bearing blocks 7 is a Powder metallurgical process cheap, because with this process great freedom in Selection of the alloy components results, and the bearing blocks 4, 16 and the bearing blocks 7 in press suitable shapes and let sinter.

Besonderes für die Großserienfertigung ist ein Herstellungsverfahren vorteilhaft, das darin besteht, Strangpreßbolzen pulvermetallurgisch oder durch Sprühkompaktieren herzustellen und daraus durch Strangpressen ein Profil herzustellen, das dem Querschnitt der Lagerstühle und Lagerböcke entspricht. Die Lagerstühle 4, 16 und Lagerböcke 7 lassen sich aus diesem Profil durch einfaches Abtrennen mit der geforderte Dicke herstellen. Hierbei ist es vorteilhaft, das stranggepreßte Profil als Einheit der Lagerstühle und Lagerböcke herzustellen und die Einheit aus Lagerstuhl und Lagerbock vom stranggepreßten Profil abzutrennen und erst danach den Lagerbock vom Lagerstuhl abzutrennen.A manufacturing process that consists of: Manufacture extrusion bolts by powder metallurgy or by spray compacting and from there Extrusion to produce a profile that matches the cross-section of the pillow blocks and pillow blocks corresponds. The bearing chairs 4, 16 and bearing blocks 7 can be easily removed from this profile Cut off with the required thickness. It is advantageous to use the extruded profile as Manufacture unit of the camp chairs and pillow blocks and the unit from the camp chair and pillow block separate from the extruded profile and only after that the bearing block from the storage chair cut off.

Claims (8)

Zylinderblock aus einer Leichtmetallegierung für einen Kolbenmotor mit wenigstens einer Zylinderlaufbuchse (2) und eingegossenen, von den Kurbelwellenlagerböcken (7) zur Auflagefläche (6) eines Zylinderkopfs reichenden Lagerstühlen (4, 16) aus einer gegenüber der Zylinderblocklegierung eine höhere Warm- und Dauerfestigkeit sowie einen niedrigen Wärmedehnungskoeffizienten aufweisenden Leichtmetallegierung, die die Zylinderkopf- und Kurbelwellenlageerschrauben oder durchgehende Zuganker aufnehmen. Cylinder block made of a light metal alloy for a piston engine with at least one cylinder liner (2) and cast in, from the crankshaft bearing blocks (7) to the bearing surface (6) of a cylinder head, bearing seats (4, 16) made of a higher heat and fatigue strength compared to the cylinder block alloy and a low thermal expansion coefficient, which contains the cylinder head and crankshaft bearing bolts or continuous tie rods . Zylinderblock nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Kurbeiwellenlagerböcke (7) ebenfalls aus der Leichtmetallegierung mit höherer Warm- und Dauerfestigkeit sowie einem niedrigen Wärmedehnungskoeffizienten bestehen.Cylinder block according to Claim 1, in which the crankshaft bearing blocks (7) are also made of Light metal alloy with higher heat and fatigue strength as well as a low one Thermal expansion coefficients exist. Zylinderblock nach Anspruch 2, bei dem die Lagerböcke (7) in ein Kurbelgehäuseunterteil (8) mit die Lagerböcke (7) umfassenden Lagerbrücken (9) eingegossen sind.Cylinder block according to claim 2, wherein the bearing blocks (7) in a crankcase lower part (8) with the bearing blocks (7) encompassing bearing bridges (9) are cast. Zylinderblock nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, bei dem die Lagerstühle (4, 16) im Bereich der Zylinderlaufbuchsen (2) U-förmig (14) gegabelt sind.Cylinder block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the bearing blocks (4, 16) in the region of Cylinder liners (2) are forked U-shaped (14). Zylinderblock nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem die Leichtmetallegierung für die Lagerstühle (4, 16) und -böcke (7) einen hohen Silizium- und/oder einen hohen Eisen-, Kupfer- und Nickelgehalt aufweist.Cylinder block according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the light metal alloy for the Storage chairs (4, 16) and trestles (7) have a high silicon and / or a high iron, copper and Has nickel content. Zylinderblock nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei dem die Leichtmetallegierung für die Lagerstühle (4, 16) und -böcke (7) partikel- oder faserverstärkt ist.Cylinder block according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the light metal alloy for the Storage chairs (4, 16) and trestles (7) is particle or fiber reinforced. Zylinderblock nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, bei dem die Lagerstühle (4, 16) und -böcke (7) pulvermetallurgisch durch Sintern hergestellt sind.Cylinder block according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the bearing blocks (4, 16) and blocks (7) are produced by powder metallurgy by sintering. Zylinderblock nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, bei dem die Lagerstühle (4, 16) und -böcke (7) durch Abtrennen von einem stranggepreßten Profil hergestellt sind.Cylinder block according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the bearing blocks (4, 16) and blocks (7) are produced by separating them from an extruded profile.
EP00105442A 1999-03-20 2000-03-15 Cylinder block for a piston engine Expired - Lifetime EP1039118B1 (en)

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DE19912692A DE19912692C2 (en) 1999-03-20 1999-03-20 Cylinder block for a piston engine
DE19912692 1999-03-20

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EP1039118A3 EP1039118A3 (en) 2001-07-18
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Cited By (5)

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WO2006074499A2 (en) * 2005-01-17 2006-07-20 Avl List Gmbh Cylinder crankcase
AT501315A1 (en) * 2005-01-17 2006-08-15 Avl List Gmbh Cylinder-crankcase for e.g. diesel engine of lightweight construction, comprises cast-in section of light metal oxide particle-reinforced, sintered light alloy
DE102009044589A1 (en) 2009-04-06 2010-10-07 Honsel Ag Improving structure quality of bearing blocks in cylinder block, comprises casting bearing cover in lead frame for bearing block in cylinder block, and compressing and hardening structure of bearing cover/bearing block by partial forging
GB2541014A (en) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Gm Global Tech Operations Llc Internal combustion engine element arrangement
EP3943211A1 (en) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-26 DEUTZ Aktiengesellschaft Cylinder crankcase with foreign bodies for cast reduction and for better cleanliness of the component

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DE102004040539B4 (en) * 2004-08-20 2011-02-24 Audi Ag Cylinder crankcase for a multi-cylinder reciprocating engine and method of manufacturing a cylinder crankcase for a multi-cylinder reciprocating engine
DE102008014022A1 (en) 2008-03-13 2009-09-17 Honsel Ag Cylinder block manufacturing method for diesel engine of e.g. lorry, involves providing half shells against each other along common breaking surface, and screwing half shells with one another, during mounting of cylinder block

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EP0554575A1 (en) 1992-01-06 1993-08-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cylinder block
EP0695866A1 (en) 1994-08-05 1996-02-07 Eisenwerk Brühl GmbH Cylinder block for an internal combustion engine with a water jacket made of aluminium

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US4908923A (en) * 1988-10-05 1990-03-20 Ford Motor Company Method of dimensionally stabilizing interface between dissimilar metals in an internal combustion engine
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EP0554575A1 (en) 1992-01-06 1993-08-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cylinder block
EP0695866A1 (en) 1994-08-05 1996-02-07 Eisenwerk Brühl GmbH Cylinder block for an internal combustion engine with a water jacket made of aluminium

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006074499A2 (en) * 2005-01-17 2006-07-20 Avl List Gmbh Cylinder crankcase
AT501315A1 (en) * 2005-01-17 2006-08-15 Avl List Gmbh Cylinder-crankcase for e.g. diesel engine of lightweight construction, comprises cast-in section of light metal oxide particle-reinforced, sintered light alloy
WO2006074499A3 (en) * 2005-01-17 2006-11-16 Avl List Gmbh Cylinder crankcase
AT501315B1 (en) * 2005-01-17 2007-02-15 Avl List Gmbh Cylinder-crankcase for e.g. diesel engine of lightweight construction, comprises cast-in section of light metal oxide particle-reinforced, sintered light alloy
DE102009044589A1 (en) 2009-04-06 2010-10-07 Honsel Ag Improving structure quality of bearing blocks in cylinder block, comprises casting bearing cover in lead frame for bearing block in cylinder block, and compressing and hardening structure of bearing cover/bearing block by partial forging
GB2541014A (en) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Gm Global Tech Operations Llc Internal combustion engine element arrangement
EP3943211A1 (en) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-26 DEUTZ Aktiengesellschaft Cylinder crankcase with foreign bodies for cast reduction and for better cleanliness of the component
US11473523B2 (en) 2020-07-22 2022-10-18 Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Cylinder crankcase including a foreign object inclusion for cast reduction and for improved cleanliness of the component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1039118A3 (en) 2001-07-18
EP1039118B1 (en) 2005-07-13
DE19912692C2 (en) 2000-12-28
DE19912692A1 (en) 2000-09-28
DE50010690D1 (en) 2005-08-18

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