EP1036156A4 - Personal care washing bars containing dimer acids and their derivatives - Google Patents
Personal care washing bars containing dimer acids and their derivativesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1036156A4 EP1036156A4 EP98951998A EP98951998A EP1036156A4 EP 1036156 A4 EP1036156 A4 EP 1036156A4 EP 98951998 A EP98951998 A EP 98951998A EP 98951998 A EP98951998 A EP 98951998A EP 1036156 A4 EP1036156 A4 EP 1036156A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- personal cleansing
- composition
- cleansing composition
- surfactant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 title description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- -1 acyl isethionate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 23
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003655 tactile properties Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLGVHAQDCFITCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropanamide Chemical class NC(=O)C(O)CO XLGVHAQDCFITCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YOOPHLDCWPOWDX-QCICJENWSA-N beta-D-GlcpA-(1->6)-beta-D-Galp Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]1CO[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 YOOPHLDCWPOWDX-QCICJENWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000006309 butyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940116335 lauramide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001483 monosaccharide substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IFYDWYVPVAMGRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]tetradecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCN(C)C IFYDWYVPVAMGRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005447 octyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940079776 sodium cocoyl isethionate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RRBHVVXZCRBUSA-GHMZBOCLSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-n-octylbutanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO RRBHVVXZCRBUSA-GHMZBOCLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDSNRZIKSHAKQJ-IAGOWNOFSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-n-tetradecylbutanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MDSNRZIKSHAKQJ-IAGOWNOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFIKNLVTXPPJDZ-CHWSQXEVSA-N (2r,3r)-n-decyl-2,3,4-trihydroxybutanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO NFIKNLVTXPPJDZ-CHWSQXEVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHZGTVBIVDEEFL-HUUCEWRRSA-N (2r,3r)-n-dodecyl-2,3,4-trihydroxybutanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO NHZGTVBIVDEEFL-HUUCEWRRSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DAPIZRNXIJVJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexadecyl-2,3-dihydroxypropanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)C(O)CO DAPIZRNXIJVJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleicacidamide-heptaglycolether Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002943 palmitic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004894 pentylamino group Chemical group C(CCCC)N* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045998 sodium isethionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LADXKQRVAFSPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].OCCS([O-])(=O)=O LADXKQRVAFSPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940037312 stearamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
- A61K8/362—Polycarboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
- A61K8/361—Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
- C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2082—Polycarboxylic acids-salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/26—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen
- C11D9/267—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen containing free fatty acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/74—Biological properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/75—Anti-irritant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/126—Acylisethionates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to personal cleansing compositions. More particularly, the present invention relates to the incorporation of dimer acids and their derivatives into personal cleansing formulations in order to enhance their protective film properties.
- combo bars because they contain both a synthetic detergent and a soap component, do not suffer from the poor physical characteristics of syndet bars, and are milder to human skin than traditional fatty acid soaps.
- a problem encountered in manufacturing combo bars relates to the incorporation of the synthetic acyl isethionates surfactant into the fatty acid soap.
- Acyl isethionates are high melting solids with low solubility in either water or organic solvents.
- Aqueous solutions of sodium cocoyl isethionate are inherently highly viscous.
- it is very difficult to incorporate acyl isethionates into soap formulations without the attendant physical disadvantages associated with their poor handling properties . Soap in bar form has long been in use for cleansing purposes.
- soap designate the reaction product of a carboxylic acid with a base, typically a metal hydroxide or carbonate.
- the resulting salt has both a polar hydrophilic end and a non-polar lipophilic end which facilitates the removal of oils and other non-polar materials from the skin or other surface in the presence of water.
- Bar soaps are customarily prepared either by framing/casting or by refining/plodding.
- Framed or cast soaps are prepared by reacting an appropriate fat, oil or carboxylic acid with a base in the presence of water to form soap, pouring the molten soap containing about 30% water into a frame or a mold, allowing the soap to cool and harden, and removing the soap having about 20% to 25% water by weight in a bar form.
- carboxylic acid hereafter referred to as a fatty acid is readily available as an article of commerce.
- the fatty acid also can be obtained from a fat, such as tallow or lard, from an oil, such as coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, or olive oil, or from combinations of fats and oils.
- Fats and oils are comprised in substantial part of glycerides of varying chain lengths, which are esters of glycerol (glycerine) and fatty acids. Under alkaline conditions, and in the presence of heat, the glycerides constituting the fats and oils break down to form fatty acid salts, also known as soaps, and glycerine. Regular soap can have a tendency to defat the skin owing to its slightly alkaline character. This can be a problem, particularly to people with dry skin.
- the incorporation of a superfatting agent containing a free fatty acid into a soap bar imparts enhanced tactile properties to the composition by eliminating the effect of free alkali on the user's skin.
- the presence of free fatty acid also affects the bubble size of the lather formed by the soap bar by imparting a perception of a richer, creamier lather.
- Abrasive-containing toilet bars/liquids may be based on either soap, synthetic surfactants or combinations thereof and typically contain an abrasive material such as, for example, pumice.
- a common problem to all of the above-identified personal cleansing compositions relates to their tactile properties. Due to the tendency of the soaps and surfactants contained therein to irritate human skin, to varying degrees, there is a constant need to develop new formulations which are less irritating to the skin, impart a certain degree of water repellency to the skin, and have enhanced tactile properties.
- the present invention is directed to a personal cleansing composition containing:
- the present invention is also directed to a process for enhancing the protective film forming properties of a personal cleansing composition involving the steps of :
- a cleansing component selected from the group consisting of soap, a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, and mixtures thereof;
- the cleansing component of the present invention includes any type of surface-active compound which may be employed to formulate a personal cleansing composition either in toilet bar, liquid or gell form.
- suitable cleansing components include, but are not limited to, those selected from the group consisting of soaps, syndet surfactants, and mixtures thereof. These components are typically used to make soap bars, syndet bars which are formulated using only synthetic surfactants, and combo bars which are formulated using both synthetic surfactants and soap.
- Syndet surfactants suitable for use in the present invention include anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof. Especially useful are those surfactants which are well known to have especially mild properties as regards to skin care.
- Such surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkali metal salts of: alkyl isethionates; e.g., sodium cocoyl- or lauryl isethionate; sarcosinates , sulfosuccinates, taurates, nonionic sugar surfactants and ethoxylated fatty alcohols .
- a soap In the event that a soap is used as a cleansing component, it generally contains a blend of about 80% by weight tallow fatty acid and about 20% by weight coco fatty acid, wherein the blend is neutralized with an aqueous solution of a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethanolamine and mixtures thereof.
- a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethanolamine and mixtures thereof.
- the moisture content of the soap component varies in the range from about 5 to about 30% by weight, and preferably from about 10 to about 15% by weight, based on the weight of the soap component .
- a typical coco fatty acid is composed primarily of from 45% to 55% by weight lauric acid, from 15% to 23% by weight of myristic acid, from 8% to 11% of palmitic acid, from 1% to 10% by weight of stearic acid, from 1% to 14% of caprylic and capric acids, and from 1% to 8% by weight of oleic acid.
- a typical tallow fatty acid is one which contains from about 45% to about 55% by weight of a mixture of saturated fatty acids, a majority of which are stearic and palmitic acids and from about 45% to about 55% by weight of a mixture of unsaturated fatty acids, a large majority of which is oleic acid and which may also contain linoleic acid and linolenic acid. As desired, the linolenic and linoleic acids may also be eliminated by hydrogenation.
- An example of a typical commercially available unhydrogenated tallow fatty acid is EMERY ® 401 Tallow Fatty Acid, a trademark product of Henkel Corporation, Emery Group, Cincinnati, OH.
- EMERY ® 401 Tallow Fatty Acid are: titer 49-53°C, maximum iodine value of 34-44, acid value of 199-208, color value of 80/95 (% trans. 440/550 nm. , min.).
- the soap component After neutralization, the soap component is cooled and then dried to a lower moisture level to permit refining and plodding using soap finishing equipment well known in the art. Typically, the soap is dried to a moisture level of from about 10 to about 14% by weight.
- the nonionic surfactant component which may be employed in the present invention is generally selected from the group consisting of sugar surfactants, alkyl/aryl ethoxylates, polyglycerol esters, ethoxylated fatty acids, alkyl glycerol ethoxylates and sorbitans, and mixtures thereof .
- nonionic surfactants are the nonionic sugar surfactants .
- the term nonionic sugar surfactant as used herein refers to surfactants that are based on saccharide moieties.
- the nonionic sugar surfactants which may be employed in the present invention are selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyglycosides, alkyl glucose esters, aldobionamides, gluconamides, glyceramides, glyceroglycolipids, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, and mixtures thereof.
- Preferred alkyl polyglycosides which can be used as the complexing agent in the concentrate of the invention have the formula I : R 1 0(R 2 0) b (Z) a (I) wherein Rj . is a monovalent organic radical having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; R 2 is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; b is a number having a value from 0 to about 12 ; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6.
- alkyl polyglycosides are commercially available, for example, as GLUCOPON ® , or PLANTAREN ® surfactants from Henkel Corporation, Ambler, PA, 19002.
- examples of such surfactants include but are not limited to:
- GLUCOPON ® 225 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 10 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.7.
- GLUCOPON ® 425 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
- GLUCOPON ® 625 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
- APG ® 325 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 9 to 11 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
- GLUCOPON ® 600 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
- PLANTAREN ® 2000 Surfactant - a C 8 . 16 alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
- PLANTAREN ® 1300 Surfactant - a C 12 _ 16 alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
- alkyl polyglycoside surfactant compositions which are comprised of mixtures of compounds of formula I wherein Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6; b is zero; and R- L is an alkyl radical having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
- compositions are characterized in that they have increased surfactant properties and an HLB in the range of about 10 to about 16 and a non-Flory distribution of glycosides, which is comprised of a mixture of an alkyl monoglycoside and a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides having varying degrees of polymerization of 2 and higher in progressively decreasing amounts, in which the amount by weight of polyglycoside having a degree of polymerization of 2, or mixtures thereof with the polyglycoside having a degree of polymerization of 3, predominate in relation to the amount of monoglycoside, said composition having an average degree of polymerization of about 1.8 to about 3.
- compositions also known as peaked alkyl polyglycosides
- peaked alkyl polyglycosides can be prepared by separation of the monoglycoside from the original reaction mixture of alkyl monoglycoside and alkyl polyglycosides after removal of the alcohol. This separation may be carried out by molecular distillation and normally results in the removal of about 70-95% by weight of the alkyl monoglycosides .
- alkyl polyglycosides which can be used in the compositions according to the invention are those in which the alkyl moiety contains from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and the average carbon chain length of the composition is from about 9 to about 14 comprising a mixture of two or more of at least binary components of alkylpolyglycosides, wherein each binary component is present in the mixture in relation to its average carbon chain length in an amount effective to provide the surfactant composition with the average carbon chain length of about 9 to about 14 and wherein at least one, or both binary components, comprise a Flory distribution of polyglycosides derived from an acid- catalyzed reaction of an alcohol containing 6-20 carbon atoms and a suitable saccharide from which excess alcohol has been separated.
- the alkyl polyglycoside of the present invention acts as the complexing agent for the iodine complex concentrate.
- alkyl glucose ester sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. patent Nos . 5,109,127 and 5,190,747, the entire contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference. These sugar surfactants have the general formula II:
- R represents a fatty acid residue of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms and R 1 represents an alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- alkyl glucose esters are l-ethyl-6- caprylglucoside, l-ethyl-6-laurylglucoside, l-butyl-6- caprylglucoside, l-ethyl-6-palmitylglucoside and l-ethyl-6- oleylglucoside .
- aldobionamide sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,310,542 and in published European Patent Application No. 550,281, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- An aldobionamide is generally defined as the amide of an aldobionic acid or aldobionolactone and an aldobionic acid in turn is defined as a sugar substance (e.g., any cyclic sugar) in which the aldehyde group has been replaced by a carboxylic acid which upon drying is capable of cyclizing to form an aldonolactone .
- the aldobionamides can be based on compounds comprising two saccharide units, e.g., lactobionamides , maltobionamides, cellobionamides, melibionamides, or gentiobionamides, or they can be based on compounds comprising more than two saccharide units provided that the polysaccharide has a terminal sugar unit with an aldehyde group available.
- the preferred aldobionamides of the present invention are lactobionamides of the formula III:
- R 1 and R ⁇ are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen and an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing up to about 36 carbon atoms (e.g., alkyl groups and alkenyl groups which groups may also include a heteroatom such as N, O, S, present, for instance, as an amide, carboxy, ether and/or saccharide moiety) except that R 1 and R 2 cannot simultaneously be hydrogen.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon radical preferably contains up to 24 carbon atoms, most preferably from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
- lactobionamides are N- propyl lactobionamide, N-pentyl lactobionamide, N-decyl lactobionamide, N-hexadecyl lactobionamide, N-oleyl lactobionamide, N-dodecyl-N-methyl lactobionamide, and N- dodecyloxypropyl lactobionamide .
- gluconamide sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,352,386, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference . These surfactants have the general formula IV:
- R is a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having 4 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 24 carbon atoms, which R group can also contain a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
- Representative examples of such cosurfactants are N-octylerythronamide , N-decylerythronamide , N- dodecylerythronamide, N-tetradecylerythronamide, N- decylxylonamide and N-dodecylxylonamide .
- glyceramide sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,352,387, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. These cosurfactants have the general formula V:
- R is a C 8 to C 24 straight or branched chained, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon in which the R group may also be substituted by a heteroatom selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
- Representative examples of such cosurfactants are N-octylglyceramide, N- decylglyceramide and N-hexadecylglyceramide .
- glyceroglycolipid sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,358,656, and published European
- the glyceroglycolipids can be of the formula VI:
- a 1 is a saccharide, preferably having one or more saccharide units, more preferably a mono or disaccharide and most preferably a monosaccharide such as glucose or galactose;
- R and R are the same or different and are hydrogen, a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to about 24, preferably from about 6 to about 18 carbon atoms;
- B is OH or a NR 2 R 3 group, wherein R 2 and R J may be the same or different and are hydrogen, a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 24, preferably from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and NRR X and B are positionally interchangeable.
- cosurfactants are 3 - (butylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D- galactopyranoside, 3- (octylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D- galactopyranoside, 3- (eicosylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D- galactopyranoside, 3- (butylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D- glucopyranoside, and 3 - (pentylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D- mannopyranoside .
- Other glyceroglycolipid surfactants are disclosed in published European Patent Application No. 550,280, which is incorporated herein by reference. These cosurfactants are of the formula VII:
- a 1 is from 1 to 4 saccharide units and more preferably represents a mono or disaccharide, and most preferably a monosaccharide, for example, glucose or galactose;
- R and R are the same or different and are hydrogen, or a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
- cosurfactants are 3- (butyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside, 3- (eicosyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl - ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside , 3 - (decyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside , 3- (butyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside , 3- (octyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D-mannopyranoside, 3- (tetradecyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl - ⁇ -D- lactoside , 3- (octadecyloxy ) -2- hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D-maltoside, 3- (octyloxy) -2 -hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -D-galactotrioside, and 3- (dode
- polyhydroxy fatty acid amide sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos . 5,174,927, 5,223,179 and 5,332,528, the entire disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactant component of the present invention comprises compounds of the structural formula VIII:
- R 1 is H, C ⁇ C, hydrocarbyl , 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl or a mixture thereof, preferably C ! -C 4 alkyl, more preferably C ⁇ or C 2 alkyl, most preferably C ⁇ alkyl (i.e., methyl); and R 2 is a C 5 -C 31 hydrocarbyl, preferably straight chain C-,-C 19 alkyl or alkenyl , more preferably straight chain C 9 -C 17 alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably straight chain C n -C 17 alkyl or alkenyl, or mixture thereof; and Z is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof.
- Z preferably will be derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction; more preferably Z is a glycityl .
- Suitable reducing sugars include glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, and xylose.
- high dextrose corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup, and high maltose corn syrup can be utilized as well as the individual sugars listed above. These corn syrups may yield a mix of sugar components for Z. It should be understood that it is by no means intended to exclude other suitable raw materials.
- Z preferably will be selected from the group consisting of -CH 2 - (CHOH) n-CH 2 OH, -CH(CH 2 OH) - (CHOH) n _ 1 -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 - (CHOH) _ (CHOR' ) (CHOH) -CH 2 OH, where n is an integer from 3 to 5 , inclusive, and R' is H or a cyclic or aliphatic monosaccharide, and alkoxylated derivatives thereof. Most preferred are glycityls wherein n is 4, particularly -CH 2 - (CHOH) 4 -CH 2 OH.
- R 1 can be, for example, N-methyl, N-ethyl, N-propyl, N-isopropyl, N-butyl, N-2-hydroxy ethyl, or N-2-hydroxy propyl .
- R 2 C(0)N ⁇ can be, for example, cocamide, stearamide, oleamide, lauramide, myristamide, capricamide, palmitamide, tallowamide, etc.
- Z can be 1-deoxyglucityl , 2-deoxyfructityl , 1-deoxymaltityl , 1-deoxylactityl , 1-deoxygalactityl , 1-deoxymannityl , 1-deoxymaltotriotityl , etc.
- Representative examples of such surfactants are N- methyl-N-1-deoxyglucityl cocoamide and N-methyl-N-1- deoxyglucityl tallowamide.
- R is a C 7 -C 21 hydrocarbyl species, i.e., coconut, tallow, palm fatty alkyl and oleyl
- R 1 is a C 1 to C 6 hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl species, i.e., N- alkyl-N- (1, 2-propanediol) and N-hydroxyalkyl-N-1, 2 -propane diol fatty acid amides.
- Representative examples of such cosurf ctants are the tallow amide of 3- [2-
- the anionic surfactant component which may be employed in the present invention is generally selected from the group consisting of acyl isethionates, alkyl/aryl sulfonates, alkyl/aryl sulfates, sarcosines, taurates, sulfosuccinates, and mixtures thereof.
- a particularly preferred class of anionic surfactants for use in the present invention are the acyl isethionates.
- the acyl isethionates which may be employed in the present invention correspond to the formula: RCO-OCH 2 CH 2 -S0 3 Z wherein RCO is a linear or branched acyl radical having from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms and Z is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal and ammonium.
- RCO is a linear or branched acyl radical having from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms and Z is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal and ammonium.
- These esters may be prepared by reacting an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium isethionate with a mixture of aliphatic fatty acid(s) having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
- the acyl isethionate is sodium cocoyl isethionate .
- the dimer acids, their salts and derivatives thereof which may be employed in the present invention are generally represented by the structure X-R 2 -X wherein R 2 is a C(,_ 34 hydrocarbon radical and X is COOH.
- suitable dimer acid derivatives which may be employed include, but are not limited to, dimer acid diesters.
- the dimer acid diesters are characterized by their high viscosity ranging from about 10 to about 20 centistokes at 100°C and low pour points ranging from about -40 to about -60. These dimer acid diesters are commercially available from Henkel Corp., Emery Division, under the tradenames EMERY ® 2900 and EMERY ® 2905.
- a particularly preferred dimer acid for use in the present invention is C 34 dibasic acid commercially available from Henkel Corp. under the tradenames EMPOL ® E-1004 AND EMPOL ® E-1008.
- a personal cleansing composition containing at least one of the above-disclosed cleansing components, water and an effective amount of a dimer acid and/or its derivatives.
- the amount of dimer acid employed in the personal cleansing composition is preferably from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and most preferably from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal cleansing composition.
- the specific cleansing components chosen and the amounts thereof used to formulate a personal cleansing composition will be known and ultimately depend on the desires of those skilled in the art. In general, however, the cleansing component will be present in the personal cleansing composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 96.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal cleansing composition.
- the crux of the present invention relates to the use of the above-disclosed dimer acids and their derivatives, in personal cleansing compositions, in order to impart enhanced tactile properties and some degree of water repellency onto human skin treated therewith.
- the amount of water present in the personal cleansing composition it will depend on the final, in-use form of the personal cleansing composition. For example, if the personal cleansing composition is formed into a toilet bar, the amount of water present will range from about 3 to about 50% by weight, based on the weight of the toilet bar.
- the amount of water present will range from about 30 to about 99.8% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid or gell. In general, however, the amount of water present in the personal cleansing composition will range from about 3 to about 99.8% by weight, based on the weight of the personal cleansing composition prior to its being formed into a ready-to-use final product.
- acyl isethionates may also be present in the final composition prior to its processing into final form.
- the amounts of these chemicals and adjuvants added to the personal cleansing composition will typically range from about 1 to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal cleansing composition.
- chemicals and adjuvants which may be used include, but are not limited to, perfumes, pigments, dyes, preservatives, electrolyte salts, water, and mixtures thereof.
- by-products typically present in commercially available acyl isethionates if they are chosen, such as sodium isethionate, may also be present in the final composition.
- a process for enhancing the protective film forming properties of a personal cleansing composition containing at least one of the above-disclosed cleansing components and water by adding to the personal cleansing composition, an effective amount of a dimer acid and/or its derivatives.
- the amount of dimer acid which may be added to the personal cleansing composition is preferably from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and most preferably from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal cleansing composition.
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Abstract
A personal cleansing composition containing: (a) a cleansing component; (b) a film-forming additive consisting of a dimer acid and its derivatives; and (c) water.
Description
PERSONAL CARE WASHING BARS CONTAINING DIMER ACIDS AND
THEIR DERIVATIVES
Field of the Invention:
The present invention generally relates to personal cleansing compositions. More particularly, the present invention relates to the incorporation of dimer acids and their derivatives into personal cleansing formulations in order to enhance their protective film properties.
Background of the Invention:
The cleansing of skin with surface-active cleansing preparations has become a focus of great interest. Many people wash and scrub their skin with various surface- active preparations several times a day. Ideal skin cleansers should cleanse the skin gently, causing little or no irritation, without defatting and overdrying the skin or leaving it taught after frequent routine use. Most lathering soaps, liquids and bars included, fail in this respect .
There are basically four categories of personal cleansing compositions: (1) synthetic, (2) combo, (3) soap, and (4) abrasive-containing. Synthetic detergent bars, frequently referred to as "syndet bars", are well known and are becoming increasingly popular. However, widespread replacement of soap bars by syndet bars has not so far been possible for a variety of reasons, primarily the poor physical characteristics of
syndet bars as compared to soap bars . I n c l e a r distinction from syndet bars which are "soap-free" are the so-called "combo" bars which are combinations of fatty acid salts and synthetic detergents. One type of combo bar is produced by combining fatty acid soaps with salts of acyl isethionates . These combo bars, because they contain both a synthetic detergent and a soap component, do not suffer from the poor physical characteristics of syndet bars, and are milder to human skin than traditional fatty acid soaps. However, a problem encountered in manufacturing combo bars relates to the incorporation of the synthetic acyl isethionates surfactant into the fatty acid soap. Acyl isethionates are high melting solids with low solubility in either water or organic solvents. Aqueous solutions of sodium cocoyl isethionate are inherently highly viscous. Thus, it is very difficult to incorporate acyl isethionates into soap formulations without the attendant physical disadvantages associated with their poor handling properties . Soap in bar form has long been in use for cleansing purposes. Those skilled in the art use the term soap to designate the reaction product of a carboxylic acid with a base, typically a metal hydroxide or carbonate. The resulting salt has both a polar hydrophilic end and a non-polar lipophilic end which facilitates the removal of oils and other non-polar materials from the skin or other surface in the presence of water.
Bar soaps are customarily prepared either by framing/casting or by refining/plodding. Framed or cast soaps are prepared by reacting an appropriate fat, oil or carboxylic acid with a base in the presence of water to form soap, pouring the molten soap containing about 30% water into a frame or a mold, allowing the soap to cool and harden, and removing the soap having about 20% to 25% water by weight in a bar form. Those skilled in the soap-making art are aware that the carboxylic acid hereafter referred to as a fatty acid is readily available as an article of commerce. The fatty acid also can be obtained from a fat, such as tallow or lard, from an oil, such as coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, or olive oil, or from combinations of fats and oils. Fats and oils are comprised in substantial part of glycerides of varying chain lengths, which are esters of glycerol (glycerine) and fatty acids. Under alkaline conditions, and in the presence of heat, the glycerides constituting the fats and oils break down to form fatty acid salts, also known as soaps, and glycerine. Regular soap can have a tendency to defat the skin owing to its slightly alkaline character. This can be a problem, particularly to people with dry skin. The incorporation of a superfatting agent containing a free fatty acid into a soap bar imparts enhanced tactile properties to the composition by eliminating the effect of free alkali on the user's skin. The presence of free fatty acid also affects the bubble size of the lather formed by the soap bar by imparting a perception of a richer,
creamier lather.
Abrasive-containing toilet bars/liquids may be based on either soap, synthetic surfactants or combinations thereof and typically contain an abrasive material such as, for example, pumice.
A common problem to all of the above-identified personal cleansing compositions relates to their tactile properties. Due to the tendency of the soaps and surfactants contained therein to irritate human skin, to varying degrees, there is a constant need to develop new formulations which are less irritating to the skin, impart a certain degree of water repellency to the skin, and have enhanced tactile properties.
Summary of the Invention: The present invention is directed to a personal cleansing composition containing:
(a) a cleansing component;
(b) a dimer acid and its derivatives; and
(c) water. The present invention is also directed to a process for enhancing the protective film forming properties of a personal cleansing composition involving the steps of :
(a) providing a cleansing component selected from the group consisting of soap, a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, and mixtures thereof;
(b) providing a dimer acid and its derivatives;
(c) providing water; and
(d) mixing (a) - (c) to form a personal cleansing composition.
Description of the Invention:
Other than in the operating examples, or where otherwise indicated, all number expressing quantities of ingredients or reaction conditions used herein are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term
" about" .
The cleansing component of the present invention includes any type of surface-active compound which may be employed to formulate a personal cleansing composition either in toilet bar, liquid or gell form. Examples of suitable cleansing components which may be used include, but are not limited to, those selected from the group consisting of soaps, syndet surfactants, and mixtures thereof. These components are typically used to make soap bars, syndet bars which are formulated using only synthetic surfactants, and combo bars which are formulated using both synthetic surfactants and soap. Syndet surfactants suitable for use in the present invention include anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof. Especially useful are those surfactants which are well known to have especially mild properties as regards to skin care. Such surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkali metal salts of: alkyl isethionates; e.g., sodium cocoyl- or lauryl isethionate; sarcosinates , sulfosuccinates,
taurates, nonionic sugar surfactants and ethoxylated fatty alcohols .
In the event that a soap is used as a cleansing component, it generally contains a blend of about 80% by weight tallow fatty acid and about 20% by weight coco fatty acid, wherein the blend is neutralized with an aqueous solution of a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethanolamine and mixtures thereof. The moisture content of the soap component varies in the range from about 5 to about 30% by weight, and preferably from about 10 to about 15% by weight, based on the weight of the soap component .
A typical coco fatty acid is composed primarily of from 45% to 55% by weight lauric acid, from 15% to 23% by weight of myristic acid, from 8% to 11% of palmitic acid, from 1% to 10% by weight of stearic acid, from 1% to 14% of caprylic and capric acids, and from 1% to 8% by weight of oleic acid.
A typical tallow fatty acid is one which contains from about 45% to about 55% by weight of a mixture of saturated fatty acids, a majority of which are stearic and palmitic acids and from about 45% to about 55% by weight of a mixture of unsaturated fatty acids, a large majority of which is oleic acid and which may also contain linoleic acid and linolenic acid. As desired, the linolenic and linoleic acids may also be eliminated by hydrogenation. An example of a typical commercially available unhydrogenated tallow fatty acid is EMERY® 401 Tallow Fatty Acid, a
trademark product of Henkel Corporation, Emery Group, Cincinnati, OH. The typical specifications for EMERY® 401 Tallow Fatty Acid are: titer 49-53°C, maximum iodine value of 34-44, acid value of 199-208, color value of 80/95 (% trans. 440/550 nm. , min.).
After neutralization, the soap component is cooled and then dried to a lower moisture level to permit refining and plodding using soap finishing equipment well known in the art. Typically, the soap is dried to a moisture level of from about 10 to about 14% by weight.
The nonionic surfactant component which may be employed in the present invention is generally selected from the group consisting of sugar surfactants, alkyl/aryl ethoxylates, polyglycerol esters, ethoxylated fatty acids, alkyl glycerol ethoxylates and sorbitans, and mixtures thereof .
A particularly preferred class of nonionic surfactants are the nonionic sugar surfactants . The term nonionic sugar surfactant as used herein refers to surfactants that are based on saccharide moieties. The nonionic sugar surfactants which may be employed in the present invention are selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyglycosides, alkyl glucose esters, aldobionamides, gluconamides, glyceramides, glyceroglycolipids, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, and mixtures thereof.
Preferred alkyl polyglycosides which can be used as the complexing agent in the concentrate of the invention have the formula I :
R10(R20)b(Z)a (I) wherein Rj. is a monovalent organic radical having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; R2 is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; b is a number having a value from 0 to about 12 ; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6. Such alkyl polyglycosides are commercially available, for example, as GLUCOPON®, or PLANTAREN® surfactants from Henkel Corporation, Ambler, PA, 19002. Examples of such surfactants include but are not limited to:
1. GLUCOPON® 225 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 10 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.7. 2. GLUCOPON® 425 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6. 3. GLUCOPON® 625 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
4. APG® 325 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 9 to 11 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
5. GLUCOPON® 600 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
6. PLANTAREN® 2000 Surfactant - a C8.16 alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 16 carbon atoms and
having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4. 7. PLANTAREN® 1300 Surfactant - a C12_16 alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6. Other examples include alkyl polyglycoside surfactant compositions which are comprised of mixtures of compounds of formula I wherein Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6; b is zero; and R-L is an alkyl radical having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms. The compositions are characterized in that they have increased surfactant properties and an HLB in the range of about 10 to about 16 and a non-Flory distribution of glycosides, which is comprised of a mixture of an alkyl monoglycoside and a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides having varying degrees of polymerization of 2 and higher in progressively decreasing amounts, in which the amount by weight of polyglycoside having a degree of polymerization of 2, or mixtures thereof with the polyglycoside having a degree of polymerization of 3, predominate in relation to the amount of monoglycoside, said composition having an average degree of polymerization of about 1.8 to about 3. Such compositions, also known as peaked alkyl polyglycosides, can be prepared by separation of the monoglycoside from the original reaction mixture of alkyl monoglycoside and alkyl polyglycosides after removal of the alcohol. This separation may be carried out by molecular distillation and normally results in the removal of about 70-95% by weight
of the alkyl monoglycosides . After removal of the alkyl monoglycosides , the relative distribution of the various components, mono- and poly-glycosides , in the resulting product changes and the concentration in the product of the polyglycosides relative to the monoglycoside increases as well as the concentration of individual polyglycosides to the total, i.e., DP2 and DP3 fractions in relation to the sum of all DP fractions. Such compositions are disclosed in U.S. patent 5,266,690, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Other alkyl polyglycosides which can be used in the compositions according to the invention are those in which the alkyl moiety contains from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and the average carbon chain length of the composition is from about 9 to about 14 comprising a mixture of two or more of at least binary components of alkylpolyglycosides, wherein each binary component is present in the mixture in relation to its average carbon chain length in an amount effective to provide the surfactant composition with the average carbon chain length of about 9 to about 14 and wherein at least one, or both binary components, comprise a Flory distribution of polyglycosides derived from an acid- catalyzed reaction of an alcohol containing 6-20 carbon atoms and a suitable saccharide from which excess alcohol has been separated. The alkyl polyglycoside of the present invention acts as the complexing agent for the iodine complex concentrate.
The alkyl glucose ester sugar surfactants are
generally disclosed in U.S. patent Nos . 5,109,127 and 5,190,747, the entire contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference. These sugar surfactants have the general formula II:
wherein R represents a fatty acid residue of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms and R1 represents an alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Representative examples of such alkyl glucose esters are l-ethyl-6- caprylglucoside, l-ethyl-6-laurylglucoside, l-butyl-6- caprylglucoside, l-ethyl-6-palmitylglucoside and l-ethyl-6- oleylglucoside .
The aldobionamide sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,310,542 and in published European Patent Application No. 550,281, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. An aldobionamide is generally defined as the amide of an aldobionic acid or aldobionolactone and an aldobionic acid in turn is defined as a sugar substance (e.g., any cyclic sugar) in which the aldehyde group has been replaced by a carboxylic acid which
upon drying is capable of cyclizing to form an aldonolactone . The aldobionamides can be based on compounds comprising two saccharide units, e.g., lactobionamides , maltobionamides, cellobionamides, melibionamides, or gentiobionamides, or they can be based on compounds comprising more than two saccharide units provided that the polysaccharide has a terminal sugar unit with an aldehyde group available.
The preferred aldobionamides of the present invention are lactobionamides of the formula III:
wherein R1 and R^ are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen and an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing up to about 36 carbon atoms (e.g., alkyl groups and alkenyl groups which groups may also include a heteroatom such as N, O, S, present, for instance, as an amide, carboxy, ether and/or saccharide moiety) except that R1 and R2 cannot simultaneously be hydrogen. The aliphatic hydrocarbon radical preferably contains up to 24 carbon atoms, most preferably from 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Representative examples of such lactobionamides are N- propyl lactobionamide, N-pentyl lactobionamide, N-decyl lactobionamide, N-hexadecyl lactobionamide, N-oleyl
lactobionamide, N-dodecyl-N-methyl lactobionamide, and N- dodecyloxypropyl lactobionamide .
The gluconamide sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,352,386, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference . These surfactants have the general formula IV:
HOCH2- (CHOH)m-C(0) -NHR (IV)
wherein m is an integer from 2 to 5; and R is a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having 4 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 24 carbon atoms, which R group can also contain a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. Representative examples of such cosurfactants are N-octylerythronamide , N-decylerythronamide , N- dodecylerythronamide, N-tetradecylerythronamide, N- decylxylonamide and N-dodecylxylonamide .
The glyceramide sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,352,387, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. These cosurfactants have the general formula V:
HOCH2CH(OH)C(0)NHR (V)
wherein R is a C8 to C24 straight or branched chained, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon in which the R group may also be substituted by a heteroatom selected
from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. Representative examples of such cosurfactants are N-octylglyceramide, N- decylglyceramide and N-hexadecylglyceramide .
The glyceroglycolipid sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,358,656, and published European
Patent Application No. 550,279, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference. The glyceroglycolipids can be of the formula VI:
-CHjNRRj (VI)
wherein A1 is a saccharide, preferably having one or more saccharide units, more preferably a mono or disaccharide and most preferably a monosaccharide such as glucose or galactose; R and R are the same or different and are hydrogen, a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to about 24, preferably from about 6 to about 18 carbon atoms; B is OH or a NR2R3 group, wherein R2 and RJ may be the same or different and are hydrogen, a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 24, preferably from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and NRRX and B are positionally interchangeable. Representative examples of such cosurfactants are 3 - (butylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl-β-D- galactopyranoside, 3- (octylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl-β-D- galactopyranoside, 3- (eicosylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl-β-D- galactopyranoside, 3- (butylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl-β-D- glucopyranoside, and 3 - (pentylamino) -2-hydroxypropyl-β-D- mannopyranoside .
Other glyceroglycolipid surfactants are disclosed in published European Patent Application No. 550,280, which is incorporated herein by reference. These cosurfactants are of the formula VII:
A1-0-CH2-CH(OR1) -CH2OR (VII)
wherein A1 is from 1 to 4 saccharide units and more preferably represents a mono or disaccharide, and most preferably a monosaccharide, for example, glucose or galactose; R and R: are the same or different and are hydrogen, or a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 18 carbon atoms. Representative examples of such cosurfactants are 3- (butyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl-β-D-galactopyranoside, 3- (eicosyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl - β-D-galactopyranoside , 3 - (decyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl-β-D-galactopyranoside , 3- (butyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl- β-D-glucopyranoside , 3- (octyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl-β-D-mannopyranoside, 3- (tetradecyloxy) -2- hydroxypropyl - β -D- lactoside , 3- (octadecyloxy ) -2- hydroxypropyl-β-D-maltoside, 3- (octyloxy) -2 -hydroxypropyl- β-D-galactotrioside, and 3- (dodecyloxy) -2 -hydroxypropyl-β- D-cellotrioside .
The polyhydroxy fatty acid amide sugar surfactants are generally disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos . 5,174,927, 5,223,179 and 5,332,528, the entire disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference. The polyhydroxy
fatty acid amide surfactant component of the present invention comprises compounds of the structural formula VIII:
R2C(0)N(R1)Z (VIII)
wherein: R1 is H, C^C, hydrocarbyl , 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl or a mixture thereof, preferably C!-C4 alkyl, more preferably C± or C2 alkyl, most preferably Cλ alkyl (i.e., methyl); and R2 is a C5-C31 hydrocarbyl, preferably straight chain C-,-C19 alkyl or alkenyl , more preferably straight chain C9-C17 alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably straight chain Cn-C17 alkyl or alkenyl, or mixture thereof; and Z is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof. Z preferably will be derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction; more preferably Z is a glycityl . Suitable reducing sugars include glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, and xylose. As raw materials, high dextrose corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup, and high maltose corn syrup can be utilized as well as the individual sugars listed above. These corn syrups may yield a mix of sugar components for Z. It should be understood that it is by no means intended to exclude other suitable raw materials. Z preferably will be selected from the group consisting of -CH2- (CHOH) n-CH2OH,
-CH(CH2OH) - (CHOH)n_1-CH2OH, -CH2- (CHOH) _ (CHOR' ) (CHOH) -CH2OH, where n is an integer from 3 to 5 , inclusive, and R' is H or a cyclic or aliphatic monosaccharide, and alkoxylated derivatives thereof. Most preferred are glycityls wherein n is 4, particularly -CH2- (CHOH) 4-CH2OH.
In the above formula R1 can be, for example, N-methyl, N-ethyl, N-propyl, N-isopropyl, N-butyl, N-2-hydroxy ethyl, or N-2-hydroxy propyl .
R2C(0)N< can be, for example, cocamide, stearamide, oleamide, lauramide, myristamide, capricamide, palmitamide, tallowamide, etc.
Z can be 1-deoxyglucityl , 2-deoxyfructityl , 1-deoxymaltityl , 1-deoxylactityl , 1-deoxygalactityl , 1-deoxymannityl , 1-deoxymaltotriotityl , etc. Representative examples of such surfactants are N- methyl-N-1-deoxyglucityl cocoamide and N-methyl-N-1- deoxyglucityl tallowamide.
Other suitable polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants (see U.S. Patent Nos . 5,223,179 and 5,338,491, the entire contents of each which are incorporated herein by reference) are those of the formula IX:
RC(0)N(R1)CH2CH(0H)CH20H (IX)
wherein R is a C7-C21 hydrocarbyl species, i.e., coconut, tallow, palm fatty alkyl and oleyl, and R1 is a C1 to C6 hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl species, i.e., N- alkyl-N- (1, 2-propanediol) and N-hydroxyalkyl-N-1, 2 -propane
diol fatty acid amides. Representative examples of such cosurf ctants are the tallow amide of 3- [2-
(hydroxyethyl) amino] -1, 2-propanediol (HEAPD) , the palmitate amide of 3 -methylamino-1 , 2-propanediol (MAPD) and the lauramide of MAPD.
The anionic surfactant component which may be employed in the present invention is generally selected from the group consisting of acyl isethionates, alkyl/aryl sulfonates, alkyl/aryl sulfates, sarcosines, taurates, sulfosuccinates, and mixtures thereof.
A particularly preferred class of anionic surfactants for use in the present invention are the acyl isethionates. The acyl isethionates which may be employed in the present invention correspond to the formula: RCO-OCH2CH2-S03Z wherein RCO is a linear or branched acyl radical having from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms and Z is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal and ammonium. These esters may be prepared by reacting an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium isethionate with a mixture of aliphatic fatty acid(s) having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the acyl isethionate is sodium cocoyl isethionate . The dimer acids, their salts and derivatives thereof which may be employed in the present invention are generally represented by the structure X-R2-X wherein R2 is a C(,_34 hydrocarbon radical and X is COOH.
Examples of suitable dimer acid derivatives which may be employed include, but are not limited to, dimer acid diesters. The dimer acid diesters are characterized by their high viscosity ranging from about 10 to about 20 centistokes at 100°C and low pour points ranging from about -40 to about -60. These dimer acid diesters are commercially available from Henkel Corp., Emery Division, under the tradenames EMERY® 2900 and EMERY® 2905.
A particularly preferred dimer acid for use in the present invention is C34 dibasic acid commercially available from Henkel Corp. under the tradenames EMPOL® E-1004 AND EMPOL® E-1008.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a personal cleansing composition containing at least one of the above-disclosed cleansing components, water and an effective amount of a dimer acid and/or its derivatives. The amount of dimer acid employed in the personal cleansing composition is preferably from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and most preferably from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal cleansing composition. The specific cleansing components chosen and the amounts thereof used to formulate a personal cleansing composition will be known and ultimately depend on the desires of those skilled in the art. In general, however, the cleansing component will be present in the personal cleansing composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 96.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal cleansing
composition. The crux of the present invention, however, relates to the use of the above-disclosed dimer acids and their derivatives, in personal cleansing compositions, in order to impart enhanced tactile properties and some degree of water repellency onto human skin treated therewith.
With respect to the amount of water present in the personal cleansing composition, it will depend on the final, in-use form of the personal cleansing composition. For example, if the personal cleansing composition is formed into a toilet bar, the amount of water present will range from about 3 to about 50% by weight, based on the weight of the toilet bar.
Conversely, if the personal cleansing composition is formed into a liquid or gell, the amount of water present will range from about 30 to about 99.8% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid or gell. In general, however, the amount of water present in the personal cleansing composition will range from about 3 to about 99.8% by weight, based on the weight of the personal cleansing composition prior to its being formed into a ready-to-use final product.
Other performance chemicals and adjuvants may also be present in the personal cleansing composition prior to its processing into final form. The amounts of these chemicals and adjuvants added to the personal cleansing composition will typically range from about 1 to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal cleansing composition. Examples of chemicals and adjuvants which may
be used include, but are not limited to, perfumes, pigments, dyes, preservatives, electrolyte salts, water, and mixtures thereof. Similarly, by-products typically present in commercially available acyl isethionates, if they are chosen, such as sodium isethionate, may also be present in the final composition.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for enhancing the protective film forming properties of a personal cleansing composition containing at least one of the above-disclosed cleansing components and water by adding to the personal cleansing composition, an effective amount of a dimer acid and/or its derivatives. The amount of dimer acid which may be added to the personal cleansing composition is preferably from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and most preferably from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal cleansing composition.
The present invention will be better understood from the examples which follow, all of which are intended to be illustrative only and not meant to unduly limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, percentages are on a weight-by-weight basis.
EXAMPLES Personal cleansing compositions were prepared and evaluated to determine the effects of the presence of free dimer acid and dimer acid soaps . The bars were evaluated for after wash feel by a panel of eight members on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 representing the best feeling on their hands after washing. In examples 1-4 below, sodium soap bars based on an 80/20 mixture of tallow/coco fatty acids were prepared. Free C36 dibasic acid was added to examples 2 and 4.
In examples 5 and 6 below, the C36 dibasic acid in the form of a sodium soap was incorporated directly into the soap bars during their formulation.
As can be seen from the evaluations above, the incorporation of a dimer acid into a standard soap bar results in the formation of a protective coating on the skin which imparts a desirable softness/smoothness feeling to skin.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A personal cleansing composition comprising:
(a) a cleansing component;
(b) a film-forming additive consisting of a dimer acid and its derivatives; and
(c) water.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the cleansing component is selected from the group consisting of soap, a syndet surfactant, and mixtures thereof. 3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the syndet surfactant is selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, and mixtures thereof.
4. The composition of claim 3 wherein the anionic surfactant is an acyl isethionate.
5. The composition of claim 3 wherein the nonionic surfactant is an alkyl polyglycoside of the formula:
RxO(R20)b(Z)a (I) wherein R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; R2 is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; b is a number having a value from 0 to about 12 ; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6. 6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the cleansing component is present in the personal cleansing composition in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 96.9% by weight, based on the weight of the personal cleansing composition.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein film-forming additive is a C34 dibasic acid.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the film-forming additive is present in the personal cleansing composition in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, based on the weight of the personal cleansing composition.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the water is present in the personal cleansing composition in an amount of from about 3 to about 99.8% by weight, based on the weight of the personal cleansing composition.
10. The composition of claim 1 further comprising an auxiliary component selected from the group consisting of perfumes, pigments, dyes, preservatives, electrolyte salts and mixtures thereof . 11. A personal cleansing composition comprising:
(a) from about 0.1 to about 96.9% by weight of a cleansing component selected from the group consisting of soap, a syndet surfactant and mixtures thereof;
(b) from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight of a C34 dibasic acid; and
(c) remainder, water, all weights being based on the total weight of the personal cleansing composition.
12. A process for enhancing the protective film-forming properties of a personal cleansing composition comprising: (a) providing a cleansing component;
(b) providing a film- forming additive component consisting of a dimer acid and its derivatives;
(c) providing a water component; and
(d) mixing components (a) - (c) to form a personal cleansing composition.
13. The process of claim 12 wherein the cleansing component is selected from the group consisting of soap, a syndet surfactant, and mixtures thereof.
14. The process of claim 13 wherein the syndet surfactant is selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, and mixtures thereof. 15. The process of claim 14 wherein the anionic surfactant is an acyl isethionate.
16. The process of claim 14 wherein the nonionic surfactant is an alkyl polyglycoside of the formula:
R10(R20)b(Z)a (I) wherein Rλ is a monovalent organic radical having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; R2 is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; b is a number having a value from 0 to about 12; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6.
17. The process of claim 12 wherein the cleansing component is present in the personal cleansing composition in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 96.9% by weight, based on the weight of the personal cleansing composition. 18. The process of claim 12 wherein film- forming additive is a C34 dibasic acid.
19. The process of claim 12 wherein the film-forming additive is present in the personal cleansing composition
in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, based on the weight of the personal cleansing composition.
20. The process of claim 12 wherein the water is present in the personal cleansing composition in an amount of from about 3 to about 99.8% by weight, based on the weight of the personal cleansing composition.
21. The process of claim 12 further comprising an auxiliary component selected from the group consisting of perfumes, pigments, dyes, preservatives, electrolyte salts and mixtures thereof.
22. The process of claim 12 further comprising forming the personal cleansing composition into a toilet bar.
23. The process of claim 12 further comprising forming the personal cleansing composition into a liquid or gell. 2 . A process for enhancing the protective film-forming properties of a personal cleansing composition comprising: (a) providing from about 0.1 to about 96.9% by weight of a cleansing component selected from the group consisting of soap, a syndet surfactant and mixtures thereof; (b) providing from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight of a C34 dibasic acid;
(c) providing remainder, water, all weights being based on the total weight of the personal cleansing composition; and (d) mixing components (a) - (c) to form a personal cleansing composition.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US95192197A | 1997-10-16 | 1997-10-16 | |
| US951921 | 1997-10-16 | ||
| PCT/US1998/020485 WO1999020728A1 (en) | 1997-10-16 | 1998-10-07 | Personal care washing bars containing dimer acids and their derivatives |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1036156A1 EP1036156A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
| EP1036156A4 true EP1036156A4 (en) | 2001-01-17 |
Family
ID=25492336
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98951998A Withdrawn EP1036156A4 (en) | 1997-10-16 | 1998-10-07 | Personal care washing bars containing dimer acids and their derivatives |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1036156A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001520309A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR005857A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU9780798A (en) |
| PE (1) | PE113499A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999020728A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA989285B (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3793214A (en) * | 1971-10-22 | 1974-02-19 | Avon Prod Inc | Transparent soap composition |
| US3951842A (en) * | 1973-04-02 | 1976-04-20 | Lever Brothers Company | Synthetic detergent bar with antimushing agent |
| US5340492A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1994-08-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Shaped solid made with a rigid, interlocking mesh of neutralized carboxylic acid |
-
1998
- 1998-10-07 EP EP98951998A patent/EP1036156A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-10-07 WO PCT/US1998/020485 patent/WO1999020728A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-07 AU AU97807/98A patent/AU9780798A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-07 JP JP2000517051A patent/JP2001520309A/en active Pending
- 1998-10-12 ZA ZA989285A patent/ZA989285B/en unknown
- 1998-10-14 PE PE1998000970A patent/PE113499A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-15 AR ARP980105128A patent/AR005857A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| No further relevant documents disclosed * |
| See also references of WO9920728A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1999020728A1 (en) | 1999-04-29 |
| ZA989285B (en) | 1999-04-13 |
| AR005857A1 (en) | 1999-07-21 |
| JP2001520309A (en) | 2001-10-30 |
| PE113499A1 (en) | 1999-12-01 |
| AU9780798A (en) | 1999-05-10 |
| EP1036156A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
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