EP1026364A1 - Profiled element for a rotary drilling device and drill string having at least one of said elements - Google Patents

Profiled element for a rotary drilling device and drill string having at least one of said elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1026364A1
EP1026364A1 EP00400190A EP00400190A EP1026364A1 EP 1026364 A1 EP1026364 A1 EP 1026364A1 EP 00400190 A EP00400190 A EP 00400190A EP 00400190 A EP00400190 A EP 00400190A EP 1026364 A1 EP1026364 A1 EP 1026364A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
drilling
drill pipe
axis
profiled
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EP00400190A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1026364B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Gilbert Boulet
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S M F International
SMF International
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S M F International
SMF International
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/22—Rods or pipes with helical structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a profiled element for equipment for rotary drilling and in particular a profiled section of a rod of a train of rotary drilling rods.
  • rotating drill string assemblies made up of rods and possibly other tubular elements which are assembled end to end, according to the needs of drilling.
  • Such rod trains can in particular make it possible to produce deviated boreholes, i.e. boreholes whose inclination can be varied relative to the vertical or azimuth direction, during drilling.
  • a rod drilling comprising at least one bearing zone having a part support center and two end sections on either side of the area support center comprising on their external surface at least one groove arranged in a helix and the cross section of which has a part undercut.
  • the drill rod support area which has a diameter greater than the diameter of the end sections comes into contact with the wall of the borehole and provides some reduced friction between the drill pipe and the wall of the borehole drilling.
  • the end parts which have hydraulic profiles enable circulation of drilling fluid and take off debris hanging on the wall of the borehole.
  • the support parts of the drill pipe generally comprise grooves allowing the passage of drilling fluid between the parts support and the wall of the borehole.
  • the drilling fluid circulating in these grooves in an axial direction has virtually no effect on the reduction of the friction between the bearing parts of the drill pipe and the wall of the hole.
  • the effect of the support parts of the drill pipe on the reduction of friction is therefore limited.
  • Such profiled shapes comprising parts protrusions and hollow parts following helices allow in particular to improve the circulation of drilling fluid in space ring delimited between the equipment and the borehole.
  • these profiled elements whose cross section is constant according to the axial longitudinal direction of the drilling equipment and the diameter is less than the diameter of the drill hole, do not bring any solution with regard to the production of low friction bearings for guiding the equipment or the drill pipe.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a profiled element for rotary drilling equipment having an overall shape of revolution and an axis directed along the axis of rotation of the borehole, as well as projecting parts and recessed parts in radial directions on its external surface, in substantially shaped arrangements propeller having as axis the axis of rotation of the drilling equipment, this profiled element allowing in particular to reduce the friction between drilling equipment and a wall of a borehole and limit the risk of jamming of the drilling equipment during an ascent of equipment inside the borehole.
  • At least one of the characteristics geometrical and dimensional of the hollow parts and the parts radial projections varies in the axial direction of the element.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a drill pipe designated by generally by the reference 1 and constituting an element of a train drill pipe in which successive drill pipe can be connected by mutual screwing of their end parts.
  • Rod 1 comprises an upper end portion 2a constituting an element of female screw connection and a lower end part 2b constituting a male screw connection element.
  • the threaded part of the male connection element 2b of frustoconical shape is intended for come and engage by screwing in an end connection part upper part of a drill rod, similar to part 2a of rod 1 and comprising a tapered portion of frustoconical shape.
  • the rod 1 comprises at least one and for example three sections profiles 3 of identical shape which are produced according to the principle of the invention.
  • the profiled sections 3 whose external surface is of revolution at straight or curved generators, are distributed along the length of the drill pipe 1, substantially equidistant from each other in the longitudinal axial direction of the drill pipe.
  • the upper end portions 2a and lower 2b of the drill pipe may also include variable profiled parts produced according to the principle of the invention.
  • the drill pipe has a generally tubular shape cylindrical, the envelope of the external surface of the rod being a cylinder, with a variable external diameter according to the successive sections of the drill rod.
  • the drill pipe 1 has an axis 4 around which the pipe is rotated in the direction shown by the closed curved arrow 5, when the rod is connected to a drill string carrying out rotary drilling of a hole 6 inside a geological formation 7.
  • a drilling fluid flows from top to bottom at inside the drill string, up to the drill bit connected to the drill rod of rods located at the bottom, in the bottom of the borehole 6.
  • the fluid drilling then flows from bottom to top, from the bottom of hole 6, in the annular 8 of the borehole, that is to say in the annular space between the drill string and the wall of the hole 6.
  • FIG 2 there is shown a profiled section 3 of the rod drilling 1 which comprises 3 successive parts 10, 11 and 12 arranged at the one after the other in the axial direction 4 of the drill pipe, in going from bottom to top.
  • the lower part 10 of the profiled section 3 is produced in accordance with French patent application 97 03207 and includes recesses or grooves 13 arranged in helices having for axis the axis 4 of the drill pipe 1, the cross section of which by a plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the drill pipe has a part in undercut located towards the rear of the groove considering the direction of rotation 5 of the drill pipe.
  • the profiled part 10 optimally achieves a activation of circulation of drilling fluid and drilling debris in the ring 8 of the borehole. This considerably improves cleaning the ring finger and reducing friction between the train rods and the drill hole, as explained in the request for patent mentioned above.
  • Profile 10 with recessed parts formed by the grooves 13 and projecting parts 14 separating the grooves 13 has geometric characteristics and substantially uniform dimensions along the length of the part profiled 10.
  • the grooves 13 and the projecting ribs 14 have substantially constant widths in the circumferential direction and the inclination of the propellers formed by the grooves 13 and the ribs 14 is constant in the axial direction of the rod 4.
  • the profiled part with uniform section 10 which is not in contact with the wall of the borehole and which is not produced according to the invention does not make it possible to transform displacements or axial forces into circumferential displacements or efforts due to a modification dimensional or geometric of the hollow or projecting profiles arranged following propellers.
  • Part 10 produced according to patent application 97 03207 can however to be usefully combined with parts 11 and 12 produced according to the invention to obtain improved results.
  • the part variable profile 11 of the section 3 of the drill pipe comprises parts in radial projections or ribs 15 and in recesses or grooves 16 each arranged between two parts 15 in radial projections.
  • Both the radial projections 15 and the grooves in hollow 16 are arranged along helices having as axis axis 4 of the rod 1.
  • the profiled part 11 of the section 3 of the drill pipe comprises by example 5 projecting parts 15 arranged along 5 propellers having as axis axis 4 separated two by two by 5 grooves 16 also arranged along 5 propellers having as axis the axis 4 of the drill pipe.
  • each of the ribs in protrusion 15 is arranged in the extension of a protruding rib 14 of the profiled part 10 of the section 3.
  • each of the grooves 16 of the profiled part 11 is arranged in the extension of a groove 13 of the profiled part 10 of the section 3.
  • the propellers along which the ribs 14 and the grooves 13 of the profiled part 10 are arranged have an angle of inclination ⁇ 1 relative to the transverse plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the drill string.
  • the ribs 15 and the grooves 16 of the profiled part 11 are arranged in helices having an angle of inclination ⁇ 2 relative to the transverse plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the drill pipe.
  • the profiled parts 10 and 11 are produced so that the angle ⁇ 1 is greater than the angle ⁇ 2 .
  • the grooves 16 of the profiled part 11 have a width in the decreasing circumferential direction in the axial direction of the drill pipe and in the direction from bottom to top, that is to say in the direction of circulation of the drilling fluid in the annular 8.
  • the projecting ribs 15 of the profiled part 11 have a width in the increasing circumferential direction, in the axial direction of the drill rod and in the direction going from bottom to top.
  • the rod 1 has, at the level of the variable profiled part 11, a diameter maximum outside greater than the outside diameter of the profiled parts 10 and 12 placed on either side of the variable profiled part 11.
  • the maximum outside diameter of the profiled part 11 is little less than inner diameter of the borehole 6, so that the ring finger 8 has a small radial width in the region of the profiled part 11.
  • the part variable profile 11 which comprises along the circumference of the rod drilling, five radial projecting parts 15 or separate ribs two to two by a hollow part or a groove 16.
  • the sections transverse grooves 16 may have a shape asymmetrical, the inclination of the leading edge of the groove 16 in the direction of rotation given by the curved arrow 5 being different from the angle of inclination of the trailing edge.
  • the tangent to the leading edge of the cross section of the groove 16 makes an angle ⁇ 1 with the radius of the drill pipe ending in the end of the leading edge.
  • the tangent at the trailing edge makes an angle ⁇ 2 with the radius of the drill pipe ending at the end of the edge of leak.
  • ⁇ 1 is less than ⁇ 2, which seems a favorable design to obtain a hydrodynamic bearing effect between the profiled part 11 of the drill pipe and the wall of the borehole 6.
  • the drilling fluid circulating in the annular, during the drilling, in the direction from bottom to top is guided by the grooves 16, at the level of the profiled part 11 of the section 3.
  • the drilling fluid is guided upstream of the profiled part 11 by the grooves 13 of the part profiled 10. Because the grooves 16 of the profiled part 11 are in the extension of the grooves 16 of the profiled part, the grooves 16 are supplied with drilling fluid from the grooves 13.
  • the profiled part upper 12 of the profiled section 3 of the drill pipe comprises radial projecting ribs 20 separated in pairs by parts in hollows or grooves 19.
  • the radially projecting ribs 20 are arranged in the extension of the ribs 14 and 15 of the respective profiled parts 10 and 11 from the drill pipe.
  • the recessed parts 19 are in the extension of the grooves 13 and 16 of the profiled parts 10 and 11.
  • the ribs 20 are arranged along helices having for axis axis 4 of the drill pipe whose angle of inclination ⁇ 'varies so continues between a minimum value ⁇ '1 and a maximum value ⁇ '2, less than or equal to 90 ° when moving from bottom to top.
  • variable profiled part 12 of the section 3 of the drill pipe has 5 successive ribs 20 separated in pairs by a hollow part 19.
  • the cross section of the ribs 20 has an end part outer substantially circular radius R n and the grooves 19 have an inner portion or bottom of substantially circular shape having a radius R r .
  • the projecting obstacle 21 is likely to cause a blockage and a jamming of the drill rod during its ascent.
  • the obstacle 21 in contact with a hollow part of the profile 12 exerts on this profile an increasing torque because the angle inclination of the propellers along which the ribs are arranged 20, relative to a horizontal transverse plane is decreasing from top to low.
  • the torque exerted by the obstacle on the profiled part 12 of the rod drilling produces slight twisting of the drill rod and displacement rod in the borehole which allows the rod to be released.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ 'of the ribs 20 varies continuously in the axial direction, to go from a value ⁇ '1 to the end lower of the profiled part 12 to a value ⁇ '2 close to 90 ° at the upper end of the profiled part 12. Therefore, when pulling on the rod for its rise inside the hole, the obstacle 21 projecting relative to the wall of the hole easily engages between the ribs 20 to the upper end of the profiled wall 12 and can be guided in a groove 19 facilitating sliding.
  • the end portions upper and lower, respectively 2a and 2b of the drill pipe comprise two successive parts 23a and 24a or 23b and 24b presenting slightly different diameters.
  • the smaller diameter walls 23a and 23b of the ends of connection 2a and 2b of the drill pipe comprise the threaded parts rod connection such as the male part of frustoconical shape 25 visible in FIG. 8.
  • the part 23a with a smaller diameter of the upper end 2a has a tapped internal bore of shape frustoconical to receive a threaded end of shape frustoconical of a second drill rod similar to the part tapered threaded conical 25 shown in FIG. 8.
  • the larger diameter part 24a or 24b of the end of drill pipe connection may have ribs and grooves similar to the ribs and grooves 15 and 16 of the profiled part variable 11 which was described above in the case of a profiled section disposed in a part of the drill pipe intermediate between these ends.
  • each profiled section preferably includes a cleaning profile for the drill hole similar to profile 10, a variable profile similar to profile 11 comprising grooves of decreasing section in the direction of circulation of drilling fluid, to obtain a bearing effect hydrodynamics and a variable profile similar to profile 12 facilitating extraction of the drill pipe.
  • the three profiles 10, 11 and 12 must be arranged in this order, in the direction of circulation of the drilling fluid.
  • the Archimedes screw effect of the debris cleaning profile 10 allows to activate the circulation of the drilling fluid upstream of the profile 11, the grooves 16 are thus efficiently supplied with drilling fluid, which improves the hydrodynamic bearing effect of the profile 11.
  • Profile 12 protects the profiled parts 11 and 10 when the extraction of the drill pipe, the obstacles being guided between the grooves 20 of the profile 12 and producing a slight rotation of the rod drilling allowing its release.
  • the profiled parts 11 have an outside diameter greater than the maximum outside diameter of the profiled parts 10 and 12.
  • the diameter of the profiled parts 11 constitutes the maximum diameter of the drill pipe so that the drill pipe rests on the walls of the borehole through profiled parts 11 constituting hydrodynamic bearings.
  • Profiles 10 and 12 have a smaller maximum outside radius from h1 or h2 to the maximum outside radius of the profiled parts 11. From this way, the profiled parts 10 and 12 are not likely to come in contact with the wall of the borehole.
  • the profiled parts 10 activate the circulation of drilling fluid in ring finger and detachment and entrainment of debris.
  • the end portions such as 2a and 2b of the drill pipe as well that the ribs 15 can be covered with a layer of material hard such as tungsten carbide and have large sections diameter 24a and 24b whose diameter is little less than or equal to diameter of the profiled parts 11, this diameter constituting the diameter maximum of the drill pipe.
  • the drill pipe can take support at its ends on the wall of the borehole via wear-resistant parts 24a and 24b.
  • profiled elements according to the invention makes it possible to decrease the torque of the drill string, improve the properties of multidirectional sliding between the walls of the borehole and the drill string, to reduce the axial forces and the risks of blocking, reduce the risk of sticking when raising the drill string of the drill string by differential pressure inside the borehole and improve the mechanical behavior of the drill string (or any other drilling equipment or rigs).
  • Improvement of the mechanical behavior of the drill string drilling is due in particular to the improvement of the sliding properties and the geometric quality of the bearing surfaces between the drill string and the walls of the borehole.
  • Improving the conditions for dynamic implementation of the drilling improves the handling and adjustment of the trajectory of the borehole.
  • a profile for activating the drilling fluid and for cleaning the drill hole not only allows to obtain the advantages specific to the known profile, that is to say the reduction in pressure losses in the annular of the borehole, the cleaning of the sedimentation zones of the borehole and the evacuation debris but still advantages linked to the combination of the profile known with the profiles according to the invention.
  • These benefits are due in particular to the activation of the circulation of the drilling fluid upstream of the profiles according to the invention.
  • Such profiles can be provided on various train elements drill rods such as connecting pieces, drill rods or any other element usually used in rotary drilling.
  • the profiles according to the invention may have geometrical characteristics different from those which have been described, to perform functions different from those of a bearing hydrodynamic or of a device facilitating the extraction of the equipment drilling.
  • the profiled element according to the invention which allows a conversion of forces acting in the direction axial longitudinal in efforts or circumferential direction action provides many functions, depending on the design specific of the ribs and grooves of the profiled elements.
  • these grooves can have widths or depths decreasing or simultaneously widths and depths decreasing.
  • the invention applies generally to any equipment for rotary drilling with an overall cylindrical shape, generally at variable diameter, that is to say having an external surface whose envelope is a cylinder having as axis the axis of the rotary drilling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
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  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The drill (1) has an overall shape of revolution, an axis (4) parallel to the drill axis, and radial projections (15, 20) and hollows (16, 19) on the external surface forming helices around the axis of rotation of the drill. Over at least part of the length of the element (3), at least one geometrical and dimensional characteristic of the hollows and protrusions varies along the element The element is a section of a drill string and the hollows or grooves of the helix provide a transverse passage in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drill, decreasing in the axial direction and the direction of flow of the drilling fluid in an annulus between the drill and the hole. The grooves have a decreasing size and/or depth in the circumferential direction of the drill, in the direction of flow of the drilling fluid. Similarly, the protrusions increase in size in the direction of drilling and from bottom to top. Upstream of the section with variable profile is a section (10) of uniform profile also containing grooves (13) forming helices around the axis of the drill. The grooves on the variable profile section are extensions of the grooves on the uniform profile section. Drill string containing one, two or three such elements.

Description

L'invention concerne un élément profilé pour un équipement de forage rotatif et en particulier un tronçon profilé d'une tige d'un train de tiges de forage rotatif.The invention relates to a profiled element for equipment for rotary drilling and in particular a profiled section of a rod of a train of rotary drilling rods.

Dans le domaine de la recherche et de l'exploitation de gisements pétroliers, on utilise des trains de tiges de forage rotatifs constitués de tiges et éventuellement d'autres éléments tubulaires qui sont assemblés bout à bout, selon les besoins du forage.In the field of research and exploitation of deposits oil rigs, rotating drill string assemblies made up of rods and possibly other tubular elements which are assembled end to end, according to the needs of drilling.

De tels trains de tiges peuvent permettre en particulier de réaliser des forages déviés, c'est-à-dire des forages dont on peut faire varier l'inclinaison par rapport à la verticale ou la direction en azimut, pendant le forage.Such rod trains can in particular make it possible to produce deviated boreholes, i.e. boreholes whose inclination can be varied relative to the vertical or azimuth direction, during drilling.

Dans le cas de forages déviés à grand déport comportant des tronçons horizontaux ou pratiquement horizontaux, les couples de frottement dus à la rotation de la garniture de forage peuvent atteindre des valeurs très élevées, au cours du forage. Les couples de frottement peuvent remettre en cause les équipements utilisés ou les objectifs du forage. En outre, la remontée des déblais produits par le forage est très souvent difficile, compte tenu de la sédimentation des débris produits dans le trou de forage, en particulier dans la partie fortement inclinée du trou de forage. Il s'ensuit un mauvais nettoyage du trou et une augmentation à la fois des coefficients de frottement des tiges du train de tiges à l'intérieur du trou de forage et des surfaces de contact entre les tiges et les parois du trou.In the case of deviated boreholes with large offset comprising sections horizontal or almost horizontal, the friction torques due to rotation of the drill string can reach values very high during drilling. Friction couples can question the equipment used or the drilling objectives. In in addition, the recovery of spoil produced by drilling is very often difficult, given the sedimentation of debris produced in the hole of drilling, in particular in the strongly inclined part of the hole drilling. This results in poor cleaning of the hole and an increase in the times the coefficients of friction of the rods inside the drill string the borehole and the contact surfaces between the rods and the walls the hole.

Afin de diminuer le coefficient de frottement et la surface de contact entre le train de tiges et les parois du trou de forage et d'améliorer le nettoyage du trou de forage et l'évacuation de débris dans le fluide de forage, on a proposé, dans la demande de brevet FR-97 03207, une tige de forage comportant au moins une zone d'appui ayant une partie centrale d'appui et deux tronçons d'extrémité de part et d'autre de la zone centrale d'appui comportant sur leur surface externe au moins une rainure disposée suivant une hélice et dont la section transversale présente une partie en contre-dépouille. La zone d'appui de la tige de forage qui présente un diamètre supérieur au diamètre des tronçons d'extrémité vient en contact avec la paroi du trou de forage et assure une certaine réduction du frottement entre la tige de forage et la paroi du trou de forage. Les parties d'extrémité qui comportent des profils hydrauliques permettent d'activer la circulation du fluide de forage et de décoller les débris accrochés sur la paroi du trou de forage.In order to decrease the coefficient of friction and the contact surface between the drill string and the walls of the drill hole and improve the cleaning the borehole and removing debris from the fluid drilling, we proposed, in patent application FR-97 03207, a rod drilling comprising at least one bearing zone having a part support center and two end sections on either side of the area support center comprising on their external surface at least one groove arranged in a helix and the cross section of which has a part undercut. The drill rod support area which has a diameter greater than the diameter of the end sections comes into contact with the wall of the borehole and provides some reduced friction between the drill pipe and the wall of the borehole drilling. The end parts which have hydraulic profiles enable circulation of drilling fluid and take off debris hanging on the wall of the borehole.

Les parties d'appui de la tige de forage comportent généralement des gorges permettant le passage du fluide de forage entre les parties d'appui et la paroi du trou de forage. Le fluide de forage circulant dans ces gorges dans une direction axiale n'a pratiquement pas d'effet sur la réduction du frottement entre les parties d'appui de la tige de forage et la paroi du trou. L'effet des parties d'appui de la tige de forage sur la réduction du frottement est donc limité.The support parts of the drill pipe generally comprise grooves allowing the passage of drilling fluid between the parts support and the wall of the borehole. The drilling fluid circulating in these grooves in an axial direction has virtually no effect on the reduction of the friction between the bearing parts of the drill pipe and the wall of the hole. The effect of the support parts of the drill pipe on the reduction of friction is therefore limited.

On connaít des paliers dans lesquels le frottement peut être réduit jusqu'à des niveaux très faibles, par effet hydrodynamique d'un fluide mis en circulation entre les surfaces de frottement du palier. Dans le cas des éléments de train de tige de forage profilés connus de l'art antérieur et par exemple tels que décrits dans le FR 97 03207, de tels effets hydrodynamiques du fluide de forage entre les surfaces d'appui de la tige de forage et la paroi du trou n'ont pu être obtenus. De manière générale, on connaít de nombreux éléments pour équipements de forage, tels que des tiges de forage ayant une forme globale cylindrique c'est-à-dire présentant une surface d'enveloppe externe cylindrique, qui comportent des parties en saillies et des parties en creux sur leur surface externe disposées suivant des hélices ayant pour axe l'axe de rotation de l'équipement de forage. De telles formes profilées comportant des parties en saillies et des parties en creux suivant des hélices permettent en particulier d'améliorer la circulation du fluide de forage dans l'espace annulaire délimité entre l'équipement et le trou de forage. Cependant, ces éléments profilés dont la section transversale est constante suivant la direction longitudinale axiale de l'équipement de forage et dont le diamètre est inférieur au diamètre du trou de forage, n'apportent aucune solution en ce qui concerne la réalisation de paliers à faible frottement pour le guidage de l'équipement ou de la tige de forage.We know bearings in which the friction can be reduced up to very low levels, by hydrodynamic effect of a set fluid in circulation between the friction surfaces of the bearing. In the case of profiled drill string elements known from the prior art and for example as described in FR 97 03207, such effects hydrodynamics of the drilling fluid between the bearing surfaces of the rod and the wall of the hole could not be obtained. Generally, we know many elements for drilling equipment, such as drill rods having an overall cylindrical shape, that is to say having a cylindrical outer shell surface which have projecting parts and recessed parts on their external surface arranged along propellers having as axis the axis of rotation of drilling equipment. Such profiled shapes comprising parts protrusions and hollow parts following helices allow in particular to improve the circulation of drilling fluid in space ring delimited between the equipment and the borehole. However, these profiled elements whose cross section is constant according to the axial longitudinal direction of the drilling equipment and the diameter is less than the diameter of the drill hole, do not bring any solution with regard to the production of low friction bearings for guiding the equipment or the drill pipe.

De plus, lorsqu'on exerce une traction sur un équipement de forage, tel qu'un train de tiges, pour le remonter en surface, il peut se produire des blocages, du fait du coincement de l'équipement de forage par des débris ou des aspérités en saillie sur la paroi du trou de forage. Il peut être très difficile sinon impossible de réaliser le déblocage et donc la remontée de l'équipement de forage. Les parties en creux ou en saillie en forme d'hélice présentes sur la surface extérieure de certains équipements de forage telles que des tiges de forage n'apportent généralement aucune solution à ce problème ou au contraire accroissent les risques de coincement.In addition, when pulling on drilling, such as a drill string, to raise it to the surface, it can produce blockages, due to the jamming of drilling equipment by debris or roughness projecting from the wall of the borehole. he can be very difficult if not impossible to perform the unlocking and therefore the rigging of drilling equipment. The recessed or projecting parts in helix shape present on the outer surface of some drilling equipment such as drill pipe does not provide generally no solution to this problem or on the contrary increase risk of entrapment.

Le but de l'invention est donc de proposer un élément profilé pour un équipement de forage rotatif présentant une forme globale de révolution et un axe dirigé suivant l'axe de rotation du forage, ainsi que des parties en saillie et des parties en creux dans des directions radiales sur sa surface externe, suivant des dispositions sensiblement en forme d'hélice ayant pour axe l'axe de rotation de l'équipement de forage, cet élément profilé permettant en particulier de réduire le frottement entre l'équipement de forage et une paroi d'un trou de forage et de limiter les risques de coincement de l'équipement de forage lors d'une remontée de l'équipement à l'intérieur du trou de forage. The object of the invention is therefore to propose a profiled element for rotary drilling equipment having an overall shape of revolution and an axis directed along the axis of rotation of the borehole, as well as projecting parts and recessed parts in radial directions on its external surface, in substantially shaped arrangements propeller having as axis the axis of rotation of the drilling equipment, this profiled element allowing in particular to reduce the friction between drilling equipment and a wall of a borehole and limit the risk of jamming of the drilling equipment during an ascent of equipment inside the borehole.

Dans ce but, sur au moins une partie de la longueur de l'élément profilé, dans la direction axiale, l'une au moins des caractéristiques géométriques et dimensionnelles des parties en creux et des parties en saillies radiales varie suivant la direction axiale de l'élément.For this purpose, over at least part of the length of the element profiled, in the axial direction, at least one of the characteristics geometrical and dimensional of the hollow parts and the parts radial projections varies in the axial direction of the element.

Afin de bien faire comprendre l'invention, on va maintenant décrire à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en se référant aux figures jointes en annexe, un mode de réalisation d'un équipement de forage constitué par une tige de forage comportant plusieurs tronçons profilés suivant l'invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en élévation latérale d'une tige de forage comportant, suivant sa longueur, plusieurs tronçons profilés suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en élévation à plus grande échelle d'un tronçon profilé de la tige de forage représentée sur la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 est une vue développée dans la direction circonférentielle, d'une partie du tronçon profilé représenté sur la figure 2.
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe axiale du tronçon profilé représenté sur la figure 2.
  • La figure 5 est une vue en coupe transversale suivant 5-5 de la figure 2.
  • La figure 6 est une vue en coupe transversale suivant 6-6 de la figure 2.
  • La figure 7 et la figure 8 sont des vues de détail des extrémités de la tige de forage constituant des éléments de raccordement vissé.
    • In order to clearly understand the invention, a description will now be given, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the attached figures, of an embodiment of drilling equipment consisting of a drill pipe comprising several profiled sections. according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a drill pipe having, along its length, several profiled sections according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view in elevation on a larger scale of a profiled section of the drill pipe shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a view developed in the circumferential direction, of a part of the profiled section shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a view in axial section of the profiled section shown in FIG. 2.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view along 5-5 of Figure 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along 6-6 of FIG. 2.
  • Figure 7 and Figure 8 are detailed views of the ends of the drill pipe constituting screw connection elements.

    • Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une tige de forage désignée de manière générale par le repère 1 et constituant un élément d'un train de tiges de forage dans lequel des tiges de forage successives peuvent être raccordées par vissage mutuel de leurs parties d'extrémité. La tige 1 comporte une partie d'extrémité supérieure 2a constituant un élément de raccordement vissé femelle et une partie d'extrémité inférieure 2b constituant un élément de raccordement vissé mâle. La partie filetée de l'élément de raccordement mâle 2b de forme tronconique est destinée à venir s'engager par vissage dans une partie de raccordement d'extrémité supérieure d'une tige de forage, analogue à la partie 2a de la tige 1 et comportant une partie taraudée de forme tronconique.In Figure 1, there is shown a drill pipe designated by generally by the reference 1 and constituting an element of a train drill pipe in which successive drill pipe can be connected by mutual screwing of their end parts. Rod 1 comprises an upper end portion 2a constituting an element of female screw connection and a lower end part 2b constituting a male screw connection element. The threaded part of the male connection element 2b of frustoconical shape is intended for come and engage by screwing in an end connection part upper part of a drill rod, similar to part 2a of rod 1 and comprising a tapered portion of frustoconical shape.

    La tige 1 comporte au moins un et par exemple trois tronçons profilés 3 de forme identique qui sont réalisés suivant le principe de l'invention.The rod 1 comprises at least one and for example three sections profiles 3 of identical shape which are produced according to the principle of the invention.

    Les tronçons profilés 3 dont la surface externe est de révolution à génératrices droites ou courbes, sont répartis suivant la longueur de la tige de forage 1, sensiblement à égale distance les uns des autres dans la direction longitudinale axiale de la tige de forage.The profiled sections 3 whose external surface is of revolution at straight or curved generators, are distributed along the length of the drill pipe 1, substantially equidistant from each other in the longitudinal axial direction of the drill pipe.

    Comme il sera expliqué plus loin, les parties d'extrémité supérieure 2a et inférieure 2b de la tige de forage peuvent comporter également des parties profilées variables réalisées suivant le principe de l'invention.As will be explained later, the upper end portions 2a and lower 2b of the drill pipe may also include variable profiled parts produced according to the principle of the invention.

    La tige de forage présente une forme tubulaire globalement cylindrique, l'enveloppe de la surface externe de la tige étant un cylindre, avec un diamètre externe variable suivant les tronçons successifs de la tige de forage. La tige de forage 1 présente un axe 4 autour duquel la tige est mise en rotation dans le sens représenté par la flèche courbe fermée 5, lorsque la tige est reliée à un train de tiges réalisant le forage rotatif d'un trou 6 à l'intérieur d'une formation géologique 7.The drill pipe has a generally tubular shape cylindrical, the envelope of the external surface of the rod being a cylinder, with a variable external diameter according to the successive sections of the drill rod. The drill pipe 1 has an axis 4 around which the pipe is rotated in the direction shown by the closed curved arrow 5, when the rod is connected to a drill string carrying out rotary drilling of a hole 6 inside a geological formation 7.

    Pendant le forage, un fluide de forage circule de haut en bas à l'intérieur du train de tiges, jusqu'à l'outil de forage relié à la tige du train de tiges située le plus bas, dans le fond du trou de forage 6. Le fluide de forage circule ensuite de bas en haut, à partir du fond du trou 6, dans l'annulaire 8 du trou de forage, c'est-à-dire dans l'espace annulaire compris entre le train de tiges et la paroi du trou 6. On a représenté par une flèche 9, le débit de fluide de forage dans l'annulaire 8, autour de la tige 1.During drilling, a drilling fluid flows from top to bottom at inside the drill string, up to the drill bit connected to the drill rod of rods located at the bottom, in the bottom of the borehole 6. The fluid drilling then flows from bottom to top, from the bottom of hole 6, in the annular 8 of the borehole, that is to say in the annular space between the drill string and the wall of the hole 6. We have represented by an arrow 9, the flow of drilling fluid in the annular 8, around the rod 1.

    Sur la figure 2, on a représenté un tronçon profilé 3 de la tige de forage 1 qui comporte 3 parties successives 10, 11 et 12 disposées à la suite l'une de l'autre dans la direction axiale 4 de la tige de forage, en allant du bas vers le haut.In Figure 2, there is shown a profiled section 3 of the rod drilling 1 which comprises 3 successive parts 10, 11 and 12 arranged at the one after the other in the axial direction 4 of the drill pipe, in going from bottom to top.

    La partie inférieure 10 du tronçon profilé 3 est réalisée conformément à la demande de brevet français 97 03207 et comporte des parties en creux ou rainures 13 disposées suivant des hélices ayant pour axe l'axe 4 de la tige de forage 1, dont la section transversale par un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe 4 de la tige de forage présente une partie en contre-dépouille située vers l'arrière de la rainure en considérant le sens de rotation 5 de la tige de forage. De cette manière, pendant la rotation de la tige de forage, la partie profilée 10 réalise de manière optimale une activation de la circulation du fluide de forage et des débris de forage dans l'annulaire 8 du trou de forage. On améliore ainsi considérablement le nettoyage de l'annulaire et on réduit les frottements entre le train de tiges et le trou de forage, comme il a été expliqué dans la demande de brevet rappelée ci-dessus. Le profil 10 comportant des parties en creux constituées par les rainures 13 et des parties en saillie 14 séparant les rainures 13 présente des caractéristiques géométriques et dimensionnelles sensiblement uniformes suivant la longueur de la partie profilée 10. Les rainures 13 et les nervures en saillie 14 présentent des largeurs dans la direction circonférentielle sensiblement constantes et l'inclinaison des hélices constituées par les rainures 13 et les nervures 14 est constante dans la direction axiale de la tige 4.The lower part 10 of the profiled section 3 is produced in accordance with French patent application 97 03207 and includes recesses or grooves 13 arranged in helices having for axis the axis 4 of the drill pipe 1, the cross section of which by a plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the drill pipe has a part in undercut located towards the rear of the groove considering the direction of rotation 5 of the drill pipe. In this way, during the rotation of the drill pipe, the profiled part 10 optimally achieves a activation of circulation of drilling fluid and drilling debris in the ring 8 of the borehole. This considerably improves cleaning the ring finger and reducing friction between the train rods and the drill hole, as explained in the request for patent mentioned above. Profile 10 with recessed parts formed by the grooves 13 and projecting parts 14 separating the grooves 13 has geometric characteristics and substantially uniform dimensions along the length of the part profiled 10. The grooves 13 and the projecting ribs 14 have substantially constant widths in the circumferential direction and the inclination of the propellers formed by the grooves 13 and the ribs 14 is constant in the axial direction of the rod 4.

    La partie profilée à section uniforme 10 qui n'est pas en contact avec la paroi du trou de forage et qui n'est pas réalisée suivant l'invention ne permet pas de transformer des déplacements ou efforts axiaux en déplacements ou efforts circonférentiels du fait d'une modification dimensionnelle ou géométrique des profils en creux ou en saillie disposés suivant des hélices.The profiled part with uniform section 10 which is not in contact with the wall of the borehole and which is not produced according to the invention does not make it possible to transform displacements or axial forces into circumferential displacements or efforts due to a modification dimensional or geometric of the hollow or projecting profiles arranged following propellers.

    En revanche, les deux parties supérieures successives 11 et 12 du tronçon profilé 3 de la tige de forage qui seront décrits ci-après présentent des formes variables axialement suivant l'invention.On the other hand, the two successive upper parts 11 and 12 of the profiled section 3 of the drill pipe which will be described below have axially variable shapes according to the invention.

    La partie 10 réalisée suivant la demande de brevet 97 03207 peut toutefois se combiner utilement avec les parties 11 et 12 réalisées suivant l'invention pour obtenir des résultats améliorés.Part 10 produced according to patent application 97 03207 can however to be usefully combined with parts 11 and 12 produced according to the invention to obtain improved results.

    Sur la figure 3, on a représenté de manière développée dans la direction circonférentielle, les deux parties profilées 11 et 12. La partie profilée variable 11 du tronçon 3 de la tige de forage comporte des parties en saillies radiales ou nervures 15 et des parties en creux ou rainures 16 disposées chacune entre deux parties 15 en saillies radiales.In Figure 3, there is shown in an expanded manner in the circumferential direction, the two profiled parts 11 and 12. The part variable profile 11 of the section 3 of the drill pipe comprises parts in radial projections or ribs 15 and in recesses or grooves 16 each arranged between two parts 15 in radial projections.

    Aussi bien les parties en saillies radiales 15 que les rainures en creux 16 sont disposées suivant des hélices ayant pour axe l'axe 4 de la tige 1.Both the radial projections 15 and the grooves in hollow 16 are arranged along helices having as axis axis 4 of the rod 1.

    La partie profilée 11 du tronçon 3 de la tige de forage comporte par exemple 5 parties en saillie 15 disposées suivant 5 hélices ayant pour axe l'axe 4 séparées deux à deux par 5 rainures 16 également disposées suivant 5 hélices ayant pour axe l'axe 4 de la tige de forage.The profiled part 11 of the section 3 of the drill pipe comprises by example 5 projecting parts 15 arranged along 5 propellers having as axis axis 4 separated two by two by 5 grooves 16 also arranged along 5 propellers having as axis the axis 4 of the drill pipe.

    Comme il est représenté sur la figure 3, chacune des nervures en saillie 15 est disposée dans le prolongement d'une nervure en saillie 14 de la partie profilée 10 du tronçon 3. De même, chacune des rainures 16 de la partie profilée 11 est disposée dans le prolongement d'une rainure 13 de la partie profilée 10 du tronçon 3.As shown in Figure 3, each of the ribs in protrusion 15 is arranged in the extension of a protruding rib 14 of the profiled part 10 of the section 3. Similarly, each of the grooves 16 of the profiled part 11 is arranged in the extension of a groove 13 of the profiled part 10 of the section 3.

    Les hélices suivant lesquelles sont disposées les nervures 14 et les rainures 13 de la partie profilée 10 ont un angle d'inclinaison α1 par rapport au plan transversal perpendiculaire à l'axe 4 du train de tiges. Les nervures 15 et les rainures 16 de la partie profilée 11 sont disposées suivant des hélices ayant un angle d'inclinaison α2 par rapport au plan transversal perpendiculaire à l'axe 4 de la tige de forage.The propellers along which the ribs 14 and the grooves 13 of the profiled part 10 are arranged have an angle of inclination α 1 relative to the transverse plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the drill string. The ribs 15 and the grooves 16 of the profiled part 11 are arranged in helices having an angle of inclination α 2 relative to the transverse plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the drill pipe.

    Les parties profilées 10 et 11 sont réalisées de manière que l'angle α1 soit supérieur à l'angle α2. En outre, suivant l'invention, les rainures 16 de la partie profilée 11 ont une largeur dans la direction circonférentielle décroissante dans la direction axiale de la tige de forage et dans le sens allant de bas en haut, c'est-à-dire dans le sens de circulation du fluide de forage dans l'annulaire 8. Corrélativement, les nervures en saillies 15 de la partie profilée 11 ont une largeur dans la direction circonférentielle croissante, dans la direction axiale de la tige de forage et dans le sens allant de bas en haut.The profiled parts 10 and 11 are produced so that the angle α 1 is greater than the angle α 2 . Furthermore, according to the invention, the grooves 16 of the profiled part 11 have a width in the decreasing circumferential direction in the axial direction of the drill pipe and in the direction from bottom to top, that is to say in the direction of circulation of the drilling fluid in the annular 8. Correspondingly, the projecting ribs 15 of the profiled part 11 have a width in the increasing circumferential direction, in the axial direction of the drill rod and in the direction going from bottom to top.

    D'autre part, comme il est visible en particulier sur la figure 2 et sur la figure 4 montrant une coupe axiale du tronçon profilé 3 de la tige 1, la tige 1 présente, au niveau de la partie profilée variable 11, un diamètre extérieur maximal supérieur au diamètre extérieur des parties profilées 10 et 12 placées de part et d'autre de la partie profilée variable 11. Le diamètre extérieur maximal de la partie profilée 11 est peu inférieur au diamètre intérieur du trou de forage 6, de sorte que l'annulaire 8 présente une faible largeur radiale dans la zone de la partie profilée 11.On the other hand, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 2 and on FIG. 4 showing an axial section of the profiled section 3 of the rod 1, the rod 1 has, at the level of the variable profiled part 11, a diameter maximum outside greater than the outside diameter of the profiled parts 10 and 12 placed on either side of the variable profiled part 11. The maximum outside diameter of the profiled part 11 is little less than inner diameter of the borehole 6, so that the ring finger 8 has a small radial width in the region of the profiled part 11.

    Sur la figure 5, on a montré en coupe transversale, la partie profilée variable 11 qui comporte suivant la circonférence de la tige de forage, cinq parties en saillies radiales 15 ou nervures séparées deux à deux par une partie en creux ou une rainure 16. Les sections transversales des rainures 16 peuvent présenter une forme dissymétrique, l'inclinaison du bord d'attaque de la rainure 16 dans le sens de la rotation donnée par la flèche courbe 5 étant différente de l'angle d'inclinaison du bord de fuite. Dans le cas représenté sur la figure 5, la tangente au bord d'attaque de la section transversale de la rainure 16 fait un angle β1 avec le rayon de la tige de forage aboutissant à l'extrémité du bord d'attaque. La tangente au bord de fuite fait un angle β2 avec le rayon de la tige de forage aboutissant à l'extrémité du bord de fuite. Dans le cas représenté β1 est inférieur à β2, ce qui semble une conception favorable pour obtenir un effet de palier hydrodynamique entre la partie profilée 11 de la tige de forage et la paroi du trou de forage 6.In Figure 5, we have shown in cross section, the part variable profile 11 which comprises along the circumference of the rod drilling, five radial projecting parts 15 or separate ribs two to two by a hollow part or a groove 16. The sections transverse grooves 16 may have a shape asymmetrical, the inclination of the leading edge of the groove 16 in the direction of rotation given by the curved arrow 5 being different from the angle of inclination of the trailing edge. In the case shown in the figure 5, the tangent to the leading edge of the cross section of the groove 16 makes an angle β1 with the radius of the drill pipe ending in the end of the leading edge. The tangent at the trailing edge makes an angle β2 with the radius of the drill pipe ending at the end of the edge of leak. In the case shown β1 is less than β2, which seems a favorable design to obtain a hydrodynamic bearing effect between the profiled part 11 of the drill pipe and the wall of the borehole 6.

    Le fluide de forage en circulation dans l'annulaire, pendant le forage, dans le sens allant du bas vers le haut est guidé par les rainures 16, au niveau de la partie profilée 11 du tronçon 3. Le fluide de forage est guidé en amont de la partie profilée 11 par les rainures 13 de la partie profilée 10. Du fait que les rainures 16 de la partie profilée 11 se trouvent dans le prolongement des rainures 16 de la partie profilée, les rainures 16 sont alimentées en fluide de forage à partir des rainures 13.The drilling fluid circulating in the annular, during the drilling, in the direction from bottom to top is guided by the grooves 16, at the level of the profiled part 11 of the section 3. The drilling fluid is guided upstream of the profiled part 11 by the grooves 13 of the part profiled 10. Because the grooves 16 of the profiled part 11 are in the extension of the grooves 16 of the profiled part, the grooves 16 are supplied with drilling fluid from the grooves 13.

    On a représenté sur la figure 2 par la flèche 17, la circulation du fluide de forage dans une des rainures 16 de la partie profilée 11. Du fait que la largeur et donc la section de la rainure 16 diminue dans le sens de circulation du fluide de forage, il se produit progressivement des courants déviés circonférentiels 18 sur la circulation du fluide de forage constituant des courants de fuite.There is shown in Figure 2 by arrow 17, the circulation of drilling fluid in one of the grooves 16 of the profiled part 11. Because that the width and therefore the section of the groove 16 decreases in the direction of circulation of drilling fluid, currents gradually occur circumferential deviations 18 on the circulation of the drilling fluid constituting leakage currents.

    Comme représenté sur la figure 5, les courants de fuite 18 de fluide de forage s'établissent entre la paroi du trou de forage 6 et la surface externe de la partie profilée 11 de la tige de forage. On obtient ainsi un effet de palier hydrodynamique, des courants circonférentiels de fluide qui sont laminés entre la surface extérieure de la partie profilée 11 de la tige de forage et la paroi du trou de forage 6. On réduit ainsi considérablement le frottement entre la tige de forage et la paroi du trou de forage, dans les zones d'appui constituées par les parties profilées variables 11 dont le diamètre externe est supérieur au diamètre des parties profilées adjacentes de la tige et des parties courantes de la tige située entre les tronçons profilés.As shown in Figure 5, the fluid leakage currents 18 between the wall of the borehole 6 and the surface external of the profiled part 11 of the drill pipe. We thus obtain a hydrodynamic bearing effect, circumferential currents of fluid which are laminated between the outer surface of the profiled part 11 of the rod and the wall of the borehole 6. This reduces considerably the friction between the drill pipe and the wall of the hole drilling, in the support zones formed by the profiled parts variables 11 whose external diameter is greater than the diameter of adjacent profiled parts of the rod and running parts of the rod located between the profiled sections.

    Comme il est visible sur les figures 2, 3 et 6, la partie profilée supérieure 12 du tronçon profilé 3 de la tige de forage comporte des nervures en saillies radiales 20 séparées deux à deux par des parties en creux ou rainures 19.As can be seen in Figures 2, 3 and 6, the profiled part upper 12 of the profiled section 3 of the drill pipe comprises radial projecting ribs 20 separated in pairs by parts in hollows or grooves 19.

    Les nervures en saillies radiales 20 sont disposées dans le prolongement des nervures 14 et 15 des parties profilées respectives 10 et 11 de la tige de forage. Les parties en creux 19 sont dans le prolongement des rainures 13 et 16 des parties profilées 10 et 11.The radially projecting ribs 20 are arranged in the extension of the ribs 14 and 15 of the respective profiled parts 10 and 11 from the drill pipe. The recessed parts 19 are in the extension of the grooves 13 and 16 of the profiled parts 10 and 11.

    Les nervures 20 sont disposées suivant des hélices ayant pour axe l'axe 4 de la tige de forage dont l'angle d'inclinaison α' varie de manière continue entre une valeur minimale α'1 et une valeur maximale α'2, inférieure ou égale à 90° lorsqu'on se déplace de bas en haut.The ribs 20 are arranged along helices having for axis axis 4 of the drill pipe whose angle of inclination α 'varies so continues between a minimum value α'1 and a maximum value α'2, less than or equal to 90 ° when moving from bottom to top.

    Comme il est visible sur la figure 6, la partie profilée variable 12 du tronçon 3 de la tige de forage comporte 5 nervures successives 20 séparées deux à deux par une partie en creux 19. La section transversale des nervures 20 comporte une partie d'extrémité externe sensiblement circulaire de rayon Rn et les rainures 19 présentent une partie interne ou fond de forme sensiblement circulaire ayant un rayon Rr.As can be seen in FIG. 6, the variable profiled part 12 of the section 3 of the drill pipe has 5 successive ribs 20 separated in pairs by a hollow part 19. The cross section of the ribs 20 has an end part outer substantially circular radius R n and the grooves 19 have an inner portion or bottom of substantially circular shape having a radius R r .

    Lors de la remontée du train de tiges de forage, par traction sur son extrémité située en surface, chacune des tiges du train de tiges de forage telle que la tige 1 est susceptible de venir en contact avec un obstacle tel qu'un débris ou une aspérité 21 (représenté sur les figures 1 et 6) en saillie vers l'intérieur par rapport à la paroi du trou de forage 6. L'obstacle 21 en saillie est susceptible de provoquer un blocage et un coincement de la tige de forage, lors de sa remontée.When raising the drill string, by pulling on its end located on the surface, each of the rods of the drill string drilling such that the rod 1 is likely to come into contact with a obstacle such as debris or roughness 21 (shown in Figures 1 and 6) projecting inwards relative to the wall of the borehole 6. The projecting obstacle 21 is likely to cause a blockage and a jamming of the drill rod during its ascent.

    La présence d'une partie profilée 12 à inclinaison variable sur la tige de forage venant en contact avec l'obstacle 21 pendant la remontée de la tige qui est soumise à une traction axiale, permet de favoriser un déblocage de la tige. En effet, lors de la traction sur la tige dans la direction axiale, l'aspérité ou obstacle 21 est guidé par les nervures 20 de la partie profilée 12 qui agissent comme des rails de glissement de part et d'autre de l'obstacle 21.The presence of a profiled part 12 with variable inclination on the drill rod coming into contact with obstacle 21 during ascent of the rod which is subjected to an axial traction, makes it possible to favor a release of the rod. Indeed, when pulling on the rod in the axial direction, the asperity or obstacle 21 is guided by the ribs 20 of the profiled part 12 which act as part sliding rails and on the other side of the obstacle 21.

    L'obstacle 21 en contact avec une partie en creux du profil 12 exerce sur ce profil un couple de torsion croissant du fait que l'angle d'inclinaison des hélices suivant lesquelles sont disposées les nervures 20, par rapport à un plan transversal horizontal est décroissant de haut en bas. Le couple exercé par l'obstacle sur la partie profilée 12 de la tige de forage produit une légère torsion de la tige de forage et un déplacement de la tige dans le trou de forage qui permet le déblocage de la tige.The obstacle 21 in contact with a hollow part of the profile 12 exerts on this profile an increasing torque because the angle inclination of the propellers along which the ribs are arranged 20, relative to a horizontal transverse plane is decreasing from top to low. The torque exerted by the obstacle on the profiled part 12 of the rod drilling produces slight twisting of the drill rod and displacement rod in the borehole which allows the rod to be released.

    L'angle d'inclinaison α' des nervures 20 varie de manière continue dans la direction axiale, pour passer d'une valeur α'1 à l'extrémité inférieure de la partie profilée 12 à une valeur α'2 proche de 90° à l'extrémité supérieure de la partie profilée 12. De ce fait, lors de la traction sur la tige pour sa remontée à l'intérieur du trou, l'obstacle 21 en saillie par rapport à la paroi du trou s'engage facilement entre les nervures 20 à l'extrémité supérieure de la paroi profilée 12 et peut être guidé dans une rainure 19 facilitant le glissement.The angle of inclination α 'of the ribs 20 varies continuously in the axial direction, to go from a value α'1 to the end lower of the profiled part 12 to a value α'2 close to 90 ° at the upper end of the profiled part 12. Therefore, when pulling on the rod for its rise inside the hole, the obstacle 21 projecting relative to the wall of the hole easily engages between the ribs 20 to the upper end of the profiled wall 12 and can be guided in a groove 19 facilitating sliding.

    Comme il est visible sur les figures 7 et 8, les parties d'extrémité supérieure et inférieure, respectivement 2a et 2b de la tige de forage comportent deux parties successives 23a et 24a ou 23b et 24b présentant des diamètres légèrement différents.As can be seen in Figures 7 and 8, the end portions upper and lower, respectively 2a and 2b of the drill pipe comprise two successive parts 23a and 24a or 23b and 24b presenting slightly different diameters.

    Les parois à plus faible diamètre 23a et 23b des extrémités de raccordement 2a et 2b de la tige de forage comportent les parties filetées de raccordement de la tige telle que la partie mâle de forme tronconique 25 visible sur la figure 8. La partie 23a à plus faible diamètre de l'extrémité supérieure 2a comporte un alésage interne taraudé de forme tronconique permettant de recevoir une extrémité filetée de forme tronconique d'une seconde tige de forage analogue à la partie tronconique filetée 25 représentée sur la figure 8.The smaller diameter walls 23a and 23b of the ends of connection 2a and 2b of the drill pipe comprise the threaded parts rod connection such as the male part of frustoconical shape 25 visible in FIG. 8. The part 23a with a smaller diameter of the upper end 2a has a tapped internal bore of shape frustoconical to receive a threaded end of shape frustoconical of a second drill rod similar to the part tapered threaded conical 25 shown in FIG. 8.

    Du fait de la différence de diamètre entre les parties 23a et 24a ou 23b et 24b des extrémités de la tige de forage, ces extrémités sont susceptibles de venir en contact avec la paroi du trou de forage 6 par l'intermédiaire des parties à plus grand diamètre 24a et 24b. Les parties 23a et 23b comportant les filetages de raccordement sont ainsi protégées pendant le forage rotatif.Due to the difference in diameter between parts 23a and 24a or 23b and 24b of the ends of the drill pipe, these ends are likely to come into contact with the wall of the borehole 6 by through the larger diameter parts 24a and 24b. The parts 23a and 23b comprising the connection threads are thus protected during rotary drilling.

    La partie à plus grand diamètre 24a ou 24b de l'extrémité de raccordement de la tige de forage peut comporter des nervures et rainures analogues aux nervures et rainures 15 et 16 de la partie profilée variable 11 qui a été décrite plus haut dans le cas d'un tronçon profilé disposé dans une partie de la tige de forage intermédiaire entre ces extrémités.The larger diameter part 24a or 24b of the end of drill pipe connection may have ribs and grooves similar to the ribs and grooves 15 and 16 of the profiled part variable 11 which was described above in the case of a profiled section disposed in a part of the drill pipe intermediate between these ends.

    Dans le cas où les parties 24a et 24b des extrémités de la tige de forage comportent des rainures telles que les rainures 16 à section décroissante dans le sens de circulation du fluide à l'intérieur du trou de forage, on obtient un effet de palier hydrodynamique aux extrémités de la tige de forage, ce qui permet de réduire le frottement dans ces parties d'extrémité.In the case where the parts 24a and 24b of the ends of the rod drilling have grooves such as section grooves 16 decreasing in the direction of circulation of the fluid inside the hole drilling, we obtain a hydrodynamic bearing effect at the ends of the drill rod, which reduces friction in these parts end.

    De manière à faciliter l'extraction de la tige de forage et à éviter des coincements pendant la remontée de la tige dans le trou de forage, il est possible de prévoir des profils analogues au profil variable de la partie 12 qui a été décrite plus haut, sur certaines parties d'extrémité de la tige et en particulier sur un tronçon 26 de la tige de forage adjacent au tronçon 24b à grand diamètre de l'extrémité inférieure de raccordement 2b de la tige, le tronçon 26 étant disposé juste au dessus du tronçon 24b. In order to facilitate the extraction of the drill pipe and to avoid jamming during the ascent of the rod in the borehole, it it is possible to provide profiles similar to the variable profile of the part 12 which has been described above, on certain end parts of the rod and in particular on a section 26 of the drill pipe adjacent to the large diameter section 24b of the lower connection end 2b of the rod, the section 26 being arranged just above the section 24b.

    En ce qui concerne la disposition d'ensemble des tronçons profilés sur la tige de forage 1, il est préférable de prévoir un ou plusieurs tronçons profilés, par exemple un, deux ou trois tronçons profilés suivant la longueur de la tige de forage, chacun des tronçons profilés présentant une forme analogue aux tronçons 3 qui ont été décrits plus haut. Chacun des tronçons profilés comporte de préférence un profil de nettoyage du trou de forage analogue au profil 10, un profil variable analogue au profil 11 comportant des rainures à section décroissante dans le sens de circulation du fluide de forage, pour obtenir un effet de palier hydrodynamique et un profil variable analogue au profil 12 facilitant l'extraction de la tige de forage. Les trois profils 10, 11 et 12 doivent être disposés dans cet ordre, dans le sens de circulation du fluide de forage. L'effet de vis d'Archimède du profil de nettoyage des débris 10 permet d'activer la circulation du fluide de forage en amont du profil 11 dont les rainures 16 sont ainsi alimentées de manière efficace en fluide de forage, ce qui améliore l'effet de palier hydrodynamique du profil 11.Regarding the overall arrangement of the profiled sections on drill pipe 1, it is preferable to provide one or more profiled sections, for example one, two or three following profiled sections the length of the drill pipe, each of the profiled sections having a shape similar to the sections 3 which have been described above. Each profiled sections preferably includes a cleaning profile for the drill hole similar to profile 10, a variable profile similar to profile 11 comprising grooves of decreasing section in the direction of circulation of drilling fluid, to obtain a bearing effect hydrodynamics and a variable profile similar to profile 12 facilitating extraction of the drill pipe. The three profiles 10, 11 and 12 must be arranged in this order, in the direction of circulation of the drilling fluid. The Archimedes screw effect of the debris cleaning profile 10 allows to activate the circulation of the drilling fluid upstream of the profile 11, the grooves 16 are thus efficiently supplied with drilling fluid, which improves the hydrodynamic bearing effect of the profile 11.

    Le profil 12 permet de protéger les parties profilées 11 et 10, lors de l'extraction de la tige de forage, les obstacles étant guidés entre les rainures 20 du profil 12 et produisant une légère rotation de la tige de forage permettant son dégagement.Profile 12 protects the profiled parts 11 and 10 when the extraction of the drill pipe, the obstacles being guided between the grooves 20 of the profile 12 and producing a slight rotation of the rod drilling allowing its release.

    Comme il est visible sur la figure 4, les parties profilées 11 présentent un diamètre extérieur supérieur au diamètre maximal extérieur des parties profilées 10 et 12. Le diamètre des parties profilées 11 constitue le diamètre maximal de la tige de forage de telle sorte que la tige de forage s'appuie sur les parois du trou de forage par l'intermédiaire des parties profilées 11 constituant des paliers hydrodynamiques.As can be seen in FIG. 4, the profiled parts 11 have an outside diameter greater than the maximum outside diameter of the profiled parts 10 and 12. The diameter of the profiled parts 11 constitutes the maximum diameter of the drill pipe so that the drill pipe rests on the walls of the borehole through profiled parts 11 constituting hydrodynamic bearings.

    Les profils 10 et 12 présentent un rayon extérieur maximal inférieur de h1 ou h2 au rayon extérieur maximal des parties profilées 11. De cette manière, les parties profilées 10 et 12 ne sont pas susceptibles de venir en contact avec la paroi du trou de forage. Les parties profilées 10 assurent une activation de la circulation du fluide de forage dans l'annulaire et un décollement et un entraínement des débris.Profiles 10 and 12 have a smaller maximum outside radius from h1 or h2 to the maximum outside radius of the profiled parts 11. From this way, the profiled parts 10 and 12 are not likely to come in contact with the wall of the borehole. The profiled parts 10 activate the circulation of drilling fluid in ring finger and detachment and entrainment of debris.

    Les profilés 10 et 12 pourraient également présenter un rayon extérieur à peu près égal au rayon des parties profilées 11 (h1 et h2 = 0).The sections 10 and 12 could also have an outside radius approximately equal to the radius of the section portions 11 (h 1 and h 2 = 0).

    Les parties d'extrémité telles que 2a et 2b de la tige de forage ainsi que les nervures 15 peuvent être recouvertes d'une couche en matériau dur tel que le carbure de tungstène et comportent des tronçons à grand diamètre 24a et 24b dont le diamètre est peu inférieur ou égal au diamètre des parties profilées 11, ce diamètre constituant le diamètre maximal de la tige de forage. De ce fait, la tige de forage peut prendre appui à ses extrémités sur la paroi du trou de forage par l'intermédiaire des parties 24a et 24b résistant à l'usure.The end portions such as 2a and 2b of the drill pipe as well that the ribs 15 can be covered with a layer of material hard such as tungsten carbide and have large sections diameter 24a and 24b whose diameter is little less than or equal to diameter of the profiled parts 11, this diameter constituting the diameter maximum of the drill pipe. As a result, the drill pipe can take support at its ends on the wall of the borehole via wear-resistant parts 24a and 24b.

    Dans un train de tiges de forage, il est possible d'utiliser des tiges de forage ayant des parties profilées tel que décrit plus haut et des tiges de forage lisses ne comportant pas de telles parties profilées. Par exemple, on peut prévoir d'utiliser uniquement une tige de forage profilée sur trois tiges assemblées bout à bout lors de la constitution du train de tiges de forage.In a drill string, it is possible to use rods drilling having profiled parts as described above and rods smooth drilling not having such profiled parts. Through example, we can plan to use only a profiled drill rod on three rods assembled end to end when building the train drill rods.

    Dans tous les cas, la présence sur un équipement de forage tel qu'un train de tiges de forage d'éléments profilés suivant l'invention permet d'améliorer considérablement les conditions du forage rotatif. En particulier, l'utilisation d'éléments profilés suivant l'invention permet de diminuer le couple de rotation du train de tiges, d'améliorer les propriétés de glissement multidirectionnel entre les parois du trou de forage et le train de tiges, de diminuer les efforts axiaux et les risques de blocage, lors de la remontée du train de tiges, de diminuer les risques de collage du train de tiges par pression différentielle à l'intérieur du trou de forage et d'améliorer le comportement mécanique du train de tiges (ou de tout autre équipement ou garniture de forage).In all cases, the presence on drilling equipment such as that a drill string of profiled elements according to the invention considerably improves the conditions of rotary drilling. In in particular, the use of profiled elements according to the invention makes it possible to decrease the torque of the drill string, improve the properties of multidirectional sliding between the walls of the borehole and the drill string, to reduce the axial forces and the risks of blocking, reduce the risk of sticking when raising the drill string of the drill string by differential pressure inside the borehole and improve the mechanical behavior of the drill string (or any other drilling equipment or rigs).

    L'amélioration du comportement mécanique du train de tiges de forage est dû en particulier à l'amélioration des propriétés de glissement et de la qualité géométrique des surfaces d'appui entre le train de tiges et les parois du trou de forage. On diminue ainsi l'amplitude des modes de vibration de la tige de forage et on limite les risques de coincement et de glissement (Stick and Slip) de l'outil de forage. De manière générale, on améliore la transmission du poids du train de tiges à l'outil de forage en limitant les frottements entre le train de tiges et les parois du trou de forage.Improvement of the mechanical behavior of the drill string drilling is due in particular to the improvement of the sliding properties and the geometric quality of the bearing surfaces between the drill string and the walls of the borehole. The amplitude of the modes of vibration of the drill pipe and the risk of jamming and sliding (Stick and Slip) of the drilling tool. Generally, we improves the transmission of the weight of the drill string to the drilling tool by limiting friction between the drill string and the walls of the drilling.

    L'amélioration des conditions de mise en oeuvre dynamique du forage permet d'améliorer la conduite et le réglage de la trajectoire du trou de forage.Improving the conditions for dynamic implementation of the drilling improves the handling and adjustment of the trajectory of the borehole.

    L'utilisation en combinaison avec les profils variables suivant l'invention, d'un profil d'activation du fluide de forage et de nettoyage du trou de forage, selon le brevet français 97 03207 permet non seulement d'obtenir les avantages spécifiques au profil connu, c'est-à-dire la diminution des pertes de charge dans l'annulaire du trou de forage, le nettoyage des zones de sédimentation du trou de forage et l'évacuation des débris mais encore des avantages liés à la combinaison du profil connu avec les profils suivant l'invention. Ces avantages sont dus en particulier à l'activation de la circulation du fluide de forage en amont des profils suivant l'invention.Use in combination with the following variable profiles the invention, a profile for activating the drilling fluid and for cleaning the drill hole, according to French patent 97 03207 not only allows to obtain the advantages specific to the known profile, that is to say the reduction in pressure losses in the annular of the borehole, the cleaning of the sedimentation zones of the borehole and the evacuation debris but still advantages linked to the combination of the profile known with the profiles according to the invention. These benefits are due in particular to the activation of the circulation of the drilling fluid upstream of the profiles according to the invention.

    L'invention ne se limite pas aux modes de réalisation qui ont été décrits.The invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been described.

    On peut prévoir, sur les parties de surface externe d'équipements de forage d'un type quelconque, des profils suivant l'invention tel que décrit plus haut, en nombre quelconque et associés de diverses manières.It is possible to provide, on the parts of the external surface of equipment drilling of any type, profiles according to the invention such as described above, in any number and associated with various ways.

    De tels profils peuvent être prévus sur des éléments divers de train de tiges de forage tel que des pièces de raccordement, des masse-tiges ou tout autre élément habituellement utilisé dans le forage rotatif.Such profiles can be provided on various train elements drill rods such as connecting pieces, drill rods or any other element usually used in rotary drilling.

    Les profils suivant l'invention peuvent présenter des caractéristiques géométriques différentes de celles qui ont été décrites, pour accomplir des fonctions différentes de celles d'un palier hydrodynamique ou d'un dispositif facilitant l'extraction de l'équipement de forage. D'une manière générale, l'élément profilé suivant l'invention qui permet une conversion de forces s'exerçant dans la direction longitudinale axiale en efforts ou action de direction circonférentielle permet d'obtenir de nombreuses fonctions, suivant la réalisation spécifique des nervures et rainures des éléments profilés.The profiles according to the invention may have geometrical characteristics different from those which have been described, to perform functions different from those of a bearing hydrodynamic or of a device facilitating the extraction of the equipment drilling. In general, the profiled element according to the invention which allows a conversion of forces acting in the direction axial longitudinal in efforts or circumferential direction action provides many functions, depending on the design specific of the ribs and grooves of the profiled elements.

    Dans le cas de parties profilées comportant des rainures de section décroissante suivant la direction de circulation du fluide de forage, ces rainures peuvent présenter des largeurs ou des profondeurs décroissantes ou encore simultanément des largeurs et des profondeurs décroissantes.In the case of profiled parts with section grooves decreasing along the direction of circulation of the drilling fluid, these grooves can have widths or depths decreasing or simultaneously widths and depths decreasing.

    L'invention s'applique de manière générale à tout équipement de forage rotatif présentant une forme globale cylindrique, généralement à diamètre variable, c'est-à-dire ayant une surface externe dont l'enveloppe est un cylindre ayant pour axe l'axe du forage rotatif.The invention applies generally to any equipment for rotary drilling with an overall cylindrical shape, generally at variable diameter, that is to say having an external surface whose envelope is a cylinder having as axis the axis of the rotary drilling.

    Claims (18)

    Elément profilé pour un équipement de forage rotatif (1) présentant une forme globale de révolution et un axe (4) dirigé suivant l'axe de rotation du forage et des parties en saillie (15,20) et des parties en creux (16,19) dans des directions radiales sur sa surface externe, suivant des dispositions sensiblement en forme d'hélices ayant pour axe l'axe de rotation (4) de l'équipement de forage (1), caractérisé par le fait que, sur au moins une partie de la longueur de l'élément (3) dans la direction axiale, l'une au moins des caractéristiques géométriques et dimensionnelles des parties en creux (13,16) et des parties en saillies radiales (15,20) varie suivant la direction axiale (4) de l'élément (3).Profile element for rotary drilling equipment (1) having an overall shape of revolution and an axis (4) directed along the axis of rotation of the borehole and the projecting parts (15,20) and the parts recessed (16,19) in radial directions on its outer surface, according to arrangements substantially in the form of propellers having for axis the axis of rotation (4) of the drilling equipment (1), characterized by the fact that over at least part of the length of the element (3) in the axial direction, at least one of the geometric characteristics and dimensions of the hollow parts (13,16) and the projecting parts radial (15,20) varies in the axial direction (4) of the element (3). Elément profilé suivant la revendication 1 constituant un tronçon (3) d'un équipement de forage rotatif (1) caractérisé par le fait que le tronçon profilé (3) comporte une partie profilée variable axialement (11) dont les parties en creux (16) ou rainures, disposées suivant des hélices présentent une section de passage transversale par un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe (4) de la tige de forage (1) décroissante dans la direction axiale (4) et dans le sens de circulation (9) d'un fluide de forage dans un annulaire de forage (8) entre l'équipement de forage (1) et un trou de forage (6).Profile element according to claim 1 constituting a section (3) of rotary drilling equipment (1) characterized by the fact that the profiled section (3) comprises an axially variable profiled part (11) whose recessed portions (16) or grooves, arranged in propellers have a cross section through a plane perpendicular to the axis (4) of the drill pipe (1) decreasing in the axial direction (4) and in the direction of circulation (9) of a drilling fluid in a drill ring (8) between the drilling equipment (1) and a borehole (6). Elément profilé suivant la revendication 2 caractérisé par le fait que les rainures (16) de la partie profilée variable (11) de l'équipement de forage (1) présentent une largeur et/ou une profondeur décroissante, dans la direction circonférentielle de l'équipement de forage, dans le sens de circulation du fluide de forage.Profile element according to Claim 2, characterized in that that the grooves (16) of the variable profiled part (11) of the equipment drilling (1) have a decreasing width and / or depth, in the circumferential direction of the drilling equipment, in the direction circulation of drilling fluid. Elément profilé suivant la revendication 1 constituant un tronçon profilé d'un équipement de forage (1) caractérisé par le fait que le tronçon profilé (3) comporte une partie profilée variable (12) présentant des nervures en saillies radiales (20) disposées suivant des hélices dont l'inclinaison par rapport à un plan de section transversale de l'équipement de forage perpendiculaire à l'axe (4) de l'équipement (1) est croissante dans la direction axiale (4) de la tige de forage et de bas en haut, dans la position de forage de l'équipement de forage (1).Profile element according to claim 1 constituting a profiled section of drilling equipment (1) characterized in that the profiled section (3) comprises a variable profiled part (12) having radial projecting ribs (20) arranged in the form of helices, the inclination relative to a cross-sectional plane of the equipment drilling perpendicular to the axis (4) of the equipment (1) is increasing in the axial direction (4) of the drill pipe and from bottom to top, in the drilling position of the drilling equipment (1). Elément profilé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4 caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins un tronçon profilé (3) de l'équipement de forage comporte, en amont de la partie profilée variable (11,12), dans le sens de circulation du fluide de forage, une partie profilée à section uniforme (10) comportant des rainures (13) disposées suivant des hélices ayant pour axe l'axe (4) de l'équipement de forage, permettant d'assurer l'activation de la circulation du fluide de forage.Profile element according to any one of claims 2 to 4 characterized in that at least one profiled section (3) of the drilling equipment comprises, upstream of the variable profiled part (11,12), in the direction of circulation of the drilling fluid, a profiled part uniform section (10) having grooves (13) arranged along propellers whose axis is the axis (4) of the drilling equipment, enabling the circulation of the drilling fluid to be activated. Elément profilé suivant la revendication 5 caractérisé par le fait que les rainures (16) à section décroissante de la partie profilée variable (11) sont disposées dans le prolongement des rainures (13) d'activation de la circulation du fluide de forage de la partie profilée à section uniforme (10).Profile element according to Claim 5, characterized in that that the decreasing section grooves (16) of the variable profiled part (11) are arranged in the extension of the activation grooves (13) of the circulation of the drilling fluid in the section section uniform (10). Elément profilé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3 caractérisé par le fait que les rainures (16) à section décroissante de la partie profilée variable (11) du tronçon (3) présentent, en considérant le sens de rotation (5) de l'équipement de forage, un bord d'attaque et un bord de fuite ayant des inclinaisons (β1, β2) différentes par rapport à un rayon de la section transversale de l'équipement de forage (1) passant respectivement par l'extrémité du bord d'attaque et par l'extrémité du bord de fuite.Profile element according to any one of claims 2 and 3 characterized in that the grooves (16) with decreasing section of the variable profiled part (11) of the section (3) have, considering the direction of rotation (5) of the drilling equipment, a leading edge and a trailing edge having different inclinations (β1, β2) with respect to a radius of cross section of drilling equipment (1) passing respectively by the end of the leading edge and by the end of the edge leak. Elément profilé suivant la revendication 4 caractérisé par le fait que les parties en saillies radiales ou nervures (20) de la partie profilée variable (12) du tronçon (3) présentent une section transversale par un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe (4) de l'équipement de forage ayant une partie d'extrémité externe de forme sensiblement circulaire de rayon Rn et sont séparées par des rainures (19) dont le fond présente une forme sensiblement circulaire en section transversale et un rayon Rr.Profiled element according to Claim 4, characterized in that the radial projecting parts or ribs (20) of the variable profiled part (12) of the section (3) have a cross section through a plane perpendicular to the axis (4) of the drilling equipment having an outer end portion of substantially circular shape of radius R n and are separated by grooves (19) whose bottom has a substantially circular shape in cross section and a radius R r . Tige de forage d'un train de tiges de forage rotatif présentant une forme globale cylindrique, un axe (4) dirigé suivant l'axe de rotation du forage et des parties d'extrémité (2a,2b) de raccordement respectives à une seconde et à une troisième tiges de forage du train de tiges de forage caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte entre ses deux extrémités de raccordement (2a,2b), au moins un tronçon profilé (3) comportant, sur une partie au moins de sa longueur, des parties en saillies (15,20) et des parties en creux (13,16), sur sa surface externe, suivant des dispositions sensiblement en forme d'hélices ayant pour axe l'axe (4) de la tige de forage, l'une au moins des caractéristiques géométriques et dimensionnelles des parties en creux et des parties en saillies radiales (15,20,13,16) étant variable suivant la direction de l'axe (4) de la tige de forage (1).Drill rod of a rotary drill string having an overall cylindrical shape, an axis (4) directed along the axis of rotation of the respective drilling and end portions (2a, 2b) of connection to a second and a third drill pipe from the drill string of drilling characterized in that it has between its two ends connection (2a, 2b), at least one profiled section (3) comprising, on at least part of its length, projecting parts (15,20) and recessed parts (13,16), on its external surface, according to provisions substantially in the form of helices having for axis the axis (4) of the rod drilling, at least one of the geometric characteristics and dimensions of the recessed parts and the radial protruding parts (15,20,13,16) being variable along the direction of the axis (4) of the rod drilling (1). Tige de forage suivant la revendication 9 caractérisée par le fait que le tronçon profilé (3) de la tige de forage (1) comporte une partie profilée variable axialement (11) présentant des rainures (16) dont la section est décroissante dans une direction (9) de circulation d'un fluide de forage dans un annulaire (8) entre la tige de forage en position de service dans un trou de forage (6) et la paroi du trou de forage (6).Drill pipe according to claim 9 characterized by that the profiled section (3) of the drill pipe (1) has a part axially variable profile (11) having grooves (16), the section is decreasing in a direction (9) of circulation of a fluid drilling in an annular (8) between the drilling rod in position service in a borehole (6) and the wall of the borehole (6). Tige de forage suivant la revendication 10 caractérisée par le fait que le tronçon profilé (3) comporte de plus, en amont de la partie profilée variable (11) comportant des rainures (16) de section décroissante dans le sens de circulation du fluide de forage, une partie profilée à section uniforme (10) comportant des rainures (13) disposées suivant des hélices, permettant d'assurer l'activation de la circulation du fluide de forage dans l'annulaire (8). Drill pipe according to claim 10 characterized by the the fact that the profiled section (3) further comprises, upstream of the part variable profile (11) having section grooves (16) decreasing in the direction of circulation of the drilling fluid, part uniform section profile (10) having grooves (13) arranged following propellers, ensuring the activation of the circulation of the drilling fluid in the ring finger (8). Tige de forage suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11 caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte une partie profilée variable (12) présentant des parties en saillies radiales ou nervures (20) disposées suivant des hélices dont l'inclinaison par rapport à un plan transversal perpendiculaire à l'axe (4) de la tige de forage est croissante dans la direction axiale (4) de la tige de forage et dans le sens allant de bas en haut dans la position de forage de la tige de forage (1) à l'intérieur d'un trou de forage (6), les nervures (20) de la partie profilée (12) permettant de faciliter l'extraction de la tige de forage du trou de forage (6) par glissement d'obstacles (21) en saillie sur la paroi du trou de forage (6) à l'intérieur de rainures (19) délimitées par les nervures (20) et torsion de la tige (1) autour de son axe (4).A drill pipe according to any of claims 9 to 11 characterized in that it comprises a variable profiled part (12) having radial projections or ribs (20) arranged according to propellers whose inclination relative to a plane transverse perpendicular to the axis (4) of the drill pipe is increasing in the axial direction (4) of the drill pipe and in the direction from bottom up in the drilling position of the drill pipe (1) inside a borehole (6), the ribs (20) of the profiled part (12) to facilitate the extraction of the drill rod from the borehole (6) by sliding obstacles (21) projecting onto the wall of the borehole (6) inside grooves (19) delimited by the ribs (20) and torsion of the rod (1) around its axis (4). Tige de forage suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12 caractérisée par le fait que la partie profilée variable (11) comportant des rainures (16) à section transversale décroissante constitue une partie de la tige de forage (1) ayant un diamètre maximal.Drill pipe according to any one of the claims 10 to 12 characterized in that the variable profiled part (11) having grooves (16) of decreasing cross section constitutes a part of the drill pipe (1) having a maximum diameter. Tige de forage suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 13 caractérisée par le fait que les parties d'extrémité (2a,2b) de la tige de forage comportent chacune une première partie (23a,23b) à plus faible diamètre comportant des moyens de raccordement filetés (25) de la tige de forage (1) et, dans le prolongement axial de la première partie à plus faible diamètre (23a,23b), une seconde partie à plus grand diamètre (24a,24b).A drill pipe according to any of claims 9 to 13 characterized in that the end parts (2a, 2b) of the rod each have a lower portion (23a, 23b) diameter comprising threaded connection means (25) of the rod drilling (1) and, in the axial extension of the first part to more small diameter (23a, 23b), a second part with a larger diameter (24a, 24b). Tige de forage suivant la revendication 14 caractérisée par le fait que la seconde partie à plus grand diamètre (24a,24b) de la partie d'extrémité de la tige de forage (1) présente des rainures disposées suivant des hélices ayant pour axe l'axe (4) de la tige de forage (1) dont la section transversale perpendiculaire à l'axe (4) de la tige de forage est décroissante dans le sens de circulation d'un fluide de forage, pendant l'utilisation de la tige de forage (1), à l'intérieur d'un trou de forage (6).Drill pipe according to claim 14 characterized by the causes the second larger diameter part (24a, 24b) of the part end of the drill pipe (1) has grooves arranged along propellers having as axis the axis (4) of the drill pipe (1) of which the cross section perpendicular to the axis (4) of the drill pipe is decreasing in the direction of circulation of a drilling fluid, during the use of the drill pipe (1), inside a borehole (6). Tige de forage suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 15 caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte, dans une disposition adjacente par rapport à sa partie d'extrémité inférieure de raccordement (26), dans la position d'utilisation à l'intérieur d'un trou de forage (6), une partie profilée comportant des nervures en saillie disposées suivant des hélices dont l'inclinaison par rapport à un plan transversal perpendiculaire à l'axe (4) de la tige de forage (1) est croissante dans la direction de l'axe (4) de la tige de forage et dans le sens allant de bas en haut dans la position d'utilisation de la tige de forage (1).A drill pipe according to any of claims 9 to 15 characterized in that it comprises, in a provision adjacent to its lower connection end part (26), in the position of use inside a borehole (6), a profiled part comprising projecting ribs arranged in propellers whose inclination with respect to a perpendicular transverse plane to the axis (4) of the drill pipe (1) is increasing in the direction of the axis (4) of the drill pipe and in the direction from bottom to top in the position of use of the drill pipe (1). Tige de forage suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 16 caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte entre ses parties d'extrémité de raccordement (2a,2b), une pluralité de tronçons profilés (3).A drill pipe according to any of claims 9 to 16 characterized in that it has between its end parts connection (2a, 2b), a plurality of profiled sections (3). Tige de forage suivant la revendication 17 caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte trois tronçons profilés (3), entre ses parties d'extrémité de raccordement (2a,2b).Drill pipe according to claim 17 characterized by the fact that it comprises three profiled sections (3), between its parts connection end (2a, 2b).
    EP00400190A 1999-02-05 2000-01-25 Profiled element for a rotary drilling device and drill string having at least one of said elements Expired - Lifetime EP1026364B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9901391A FR2789438B1 (en) 1999-02-05 1999-02-05 PROFILE ELEMENT FOR ROTARY DRILLING EQUIPMENT AND DRILLING ROD WITH AT LEAST ONE PROFILED SECTION
    FR9901391 1999-02-05

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1026364A1 true EP1026364A1 (en) 2000-08-09
    EP1026364B1 EP1026364B1 (en) 2005-06-08

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP00400190A Expired - Lifetime EP1026364B1 (en) 1999-02-05 2000-01-25 Profiled element for a rotary drilling device and drill string having at least one of said elements

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    US (1) US6349779B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP1026364B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE297497T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE60020618D1 (en)
    FR (1) FR2789438B1 (en)
    NO (2) NO322967B1 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    NO328794B1 (en) 2010-05-18
    NO20000556L (en) 2000-08-07
    NO20000556D0 (en) 2000-02-03
    FR2789438B1 (en) 2001-05-04
    ATE297497T1 (en) 2005-06-15
    NO20064023L (en) 2000-08-07
    FR2789438A1 (en) 2000-08-11
    DE60020618D1 (en) 2005-07-14
    NO322967B1 (en) 2006-12-18
    EP1026364B1 (en) 2005-06-08
    US6349779B1 (en) 2002-02-26

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