EP1023933A2 - Increased flow capacity filter - Google Patents
Increased flow capacity filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1023933A2 EP1023933A2 EP00300295A EP00300295A EP1023933A2 EP 1023933 A2 EP1023933 A2 EP 1023933A2 EP 00300295 A EP00300295 A EP 00300295A EP 00300295 A EP00300295 A EP 00300295A EP 1023933 A2 EP1023933 A2 EP 1023933A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- perimeter
- pleats
- filter element
- pleat tips
- end cap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
- B01D46/521—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
- B01D46/523—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material with means for maintaining spacing between the pleats or folds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
- B01D46/2414—End caps including additional functions or special forms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/024—Air cleaners using filters, e.g. moistened
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2265/00—Casings, housings or mounting for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2265/02—Non-permanent measures for connecting different parts of the filter
- B01D2265/028—Snap, latch or clip connecting means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2275/20—Shape of filtering material
- B01D2275/206—Special forms, e.g. adapted to a certain housing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
- B01D2279/60—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for the intake of internal combustion engines or turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/48—Processes of making filters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S55/00—Gas separation
- Y10S55/05—Methods of making filter
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to fluid filters, and more particularly to constructions lowering restriction and increasing flow capacity.
- There is continuing demand for increased flow capacity in the same or even smaller size filters. This is particularly true in air cleaner designs for internal combustion engines, where engine compartment space is limited. A filter construction enabling higher capacity in the same or less space provides competitive advantage and a space efficient filter system.
- A common air cleaner used in truck engines has a filter element provided by pleated filter media having a plurality of pleats in a closed loop configuration, typically annular, having an outer perimeter defined by a plurality of outer pleat tips, an inner perimeter defined by a plurality of inner pleat tips, and a hollow interior extending along an axis. The air typically flows laterally or radially inwardly through the filter media into the hollow interior and then axially outwardly through an outlet flow tube to the combustion air intake of the engine. The outlet tube has a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the hollow interior between the inner pleat tips. A first end cap covers the axial ends of the pleats at one axial end of the filter element and forms a radial seal with the outlet tube extending therethrough partially into the hollow interior. Additionally or alternatively, the end cap forms an axial seal with the housing containing the filter element. The end cap is a resilient compressible material, to aid in forming the noted seals. The radial seal is formed by radially compressing the end cap material between the outlet tube and the inner pleat tips or an inner liner extending therealong. The axial seal is formed by axially compressing the end cap material between the axial ends of the pleats and the axial end of the housing containing the filter element. A second end cap covers the axial ends of the pleats at the other axial end of the filter element and may span the hollow interior to close same, or such hollow interior may be closed by a portion of the housing extending thereinto. The flow capacity of the filter is affected by various factors, including restrictions, such as the size of the outlet opening through the noted outlet tube at the axial end of the filter.
- The present invention increases flow capacity by enabling enlargement of the outlet flow passage, to lower the noted restriction to flow. The increased outlet size of the filter element and lowered restriction is accomplished while still maintaining or even increasing the amount of filter media and while also staying within the same package or housing size. As noted above, in the prior art, the largest diameter outlet from the filter element is limited to approximately the size of the diameter of the hollow interior defined by the inner pleat tips. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end cap encloses only the outer edges of the axial ends of the pleats, and has an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the hollow interior defined by the inner pleat tips. The enlarged inner diameter of the end cap forms a radial seal with an enlarged outlet tube having a diameter greater than the diameter of the hollow interior defined by the inner pleat tips. A radial seal is formed between the enlarged diameter outlet tube and the enlarged inner diameter end cap at a location along the axial ends of the pleats between the inner pleat tips and the outer pleat tips. An outer liner circumscribes the filter element along the outer pleat tips and extends beyond the axial end thereof into the end cap and provides support for the noted radial seal, i.e. the end cap material is radially compressed between the outlet tube and the outer liner. The outlet flow passage from the filter element is now the inside diameter of the end cap rather than the diameter of the hollow interior defined by the inner pleat tips. Fluid passing through the filter media can now also travel axially between the pleats as well as axially through the hollow interior defined by the inner pleat tips. As a result of such construction, fluid flow restriction is reduced, and the radial depth of the pleat is no longer limited to a specific outlet tube diameter. Instead, the radial depth of the pleat can theoretically extend all the way to the axial center line of the filter, allowing maximization of filter media area within a given package or housing size. The invention may also be used for opposite direction flow filters, in which case enlargement of the inlet flow passage is enabled, to reduce inlet flow restriction.
- Other features and advantages will become apparent in view of the following description
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- Fig. 1 is a side elevation view of a filter constructed in accordance with the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is an isometric view of a portion of the filter element of Fig. 2.
- Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Fig. 3.
- Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 4.
- Fig 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of Fig 4
- Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of Fig. 4.
- Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of Fig. 3, partially cut away.
- Fig. 9 is a view like Fig. 8, with a further portion cut away.
- Fig. 10 is a view like a portion of Fig. 2, and shows an alternate embodiment.
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- Figs. 1 and 2 show a
filter 20 including afilter element 22 contained within ahousing 24.Filter element 22 is provided bypleated filter media 26, Fig. 2, having a plurality ofpleats 28, Figs. 5-9, in a closed loop, typically an annulus, having anouter perimeter 30 defined by a plurality of outerpleat tips 32, and aninner perimeter 34 defined by a plurality of innerpleat tips 36. The annular closed loop has ahollow interior 38 extending along anaxis 40.Housing 24 is typically cylindrical and is provided byhousing sections inlet 50 admitting inlet fluid, such as air or liquid, radially and/or tangentially intoannular space 52 within the housing aroundfilter element 22. The housing may include an interior dam ordeflection surface 54 for blocking direct impact againstfilter element 22 and/or for directing flow, for example in a spiral or toroidal pattern. The fluid flows laterally or radially inwardly throughfilter media 26 intohollow interior 38, and then the clean fluid flows axially rightwardly in Fig. 2 inhollow interior 38 alongflow passage 56 as shown atarrows -
Flow passage 56 extending alongaxis 40 circumscribeshollow interior 38 and has aflow perimeter 60 greater thaninner perimeter 34 defined by innerpleat tips 36, to be described.Flow perimeter 60 is less thanouter perimeter 30 defined by outerpleat tips 32.Inner perimeter 34 defines and bounds a first cross-sectional area.Flow perimeter 60 defines and bounds a second cross-sectional area. The second cross-sectional area is greater than the first cross-sectional area.Outer perimeter 30 defines and bounds a third cross-sectional area. The second cross-sectional area is less than the third cross-sectional area. -
Filter element 22 has first and secondaxial ends Axial end 62 is open, Fig. 3, and providesaxial flow passage 56 therethrough. Anend cap 66 of soft resilient compressible material, such as foamed potted urethane, axially abutts theaxial ends 68 of the pleats.End cap 66 has aninner perimeter 70, Figs. 3 and 4, greater thaninner perimeter 34 defined by innerpleat tips 36.End cap 66 partially covers theaxial ends 68 of the pleats such that the laterallyoutward portions 72 of the axial ends of the pleats are covered byend cap 66 but not the laterallyinward portions 74 of the axial ends of the pleats, such that the laterallyinward portions 74 of the axial ends of the pleats are uncovered and exposed ataxial end 62 offilter element 22, Figs. 8 and 9. Secondaxial end 64 offilter element 22 is closed. Asecond end cap 76, Fig 2, of soft compressible resilient material, such as foamed potted urethane, is provided atsecond end 64 of the filter element and completely covers theaxial ends 78 of the pleats including the outer pleat tips and the inner pleat tips ataxial end 64.End cap 76 also includes acentral section 80 spanning and completely coveringhollow interior 38 offilter element 22 ataxial end 64 of the filter element.Housing section 44 includes an annularinterior sidewall 82 extending partially axially into the housing to locate and retainfilter element 22 ataxial end 64. In other embodiments,central section 80 ofend cap 76 is omitted, and a portion ofhousing section 44 extends intohollow interior 38 offilter element 22 to closeaxial end 64 of the filter element and to positionaxial end 64 of the filter element within the housing.End cap 76 includes anannular ridge 84 engagingaxial endwall 85 ofhousing section 44 and slightly axially compressed thereagainst to further aid in retention offilter element 22 within the housing and to accommodate axial tolerances.End cap 66 also includes anannular ridge 86 engaging axial endwall 88 ofhousing section 42 and slightly radially compressed thereagainst to aid in retainingfilter element 22 within the housing and to accommodate axial tolerances and also to provide an axial seal to prevent bypass of dirty air fromannular chamber 52 aroundaxial end 62 of the filter element. Axial endwall 88 ofhousing section 42 has anoutlet flow tube 90 extending therethrough. In addition to or alternatively to the axial seal at 86,end cap 66 provides a radial seal againstoutlet flow tube 90, to be described. -
End cap 66 has asidewall 92, Figs. 2 and 4, extending axially away axial ends 68 ofpleats 28 ataxial end 62 offilter element 22. The sidewall has aninner perimeter 70, as above noted, and anouter perimeter 94. As noted above,inner perimeter 70 ofsidewall 92 is greater thaninner perimeter 34 offilter element 22 defined byinner pleat tips 36.Inner perimeter 70 ofsidewall 92 ofend cap 66 is less thanouter perimeter 30 offilter element 22 defined byouter pleat tips 32.Outer perimeter 94 ofsidewall 92 ofend cap 66 is greater thanouter perimeter 30 offilter element 22 defined byouter pleat tips 32.Flow tube 90 has aninner section 96 axially facing the axial ends 68 ofpleats 28.Inner section 96 offlow tube 90 has aninner perimeter 98 and anouter perimeter 100.Outer perimeter 100 is greater thaninner perimeter 70 ofsidewall 92 ofend cap 66, such that asfilter element 22 atend cap 66 is axially slid rightwardly overinner section 96 offlow tube 90,end cap 66 is radially compressed to expandinner perimeter 70 alongouter sidewall 100 of flow tubeinner section 96 to effect the noted radial seal.Inner perimeter 70 ofend cap 66 is preferably stepped, as shown atsteps 71, Fig. 8, to have slightly progressively decreasing diameters from right to left as viewed in Figs. 8 and 2, to receive and guideinner section 96 offlow tube 90 therealong and increase radial sealing pressure.End cap 66 circumscribesinner section 96 offlow tube 90 and bears radially thereagainst in sealing relation to form the noted radial seal thereat. Endwall 88 ofhousing section 42 axially faces axial ends 68 ofpleats 28, andend cap 66 also bears axially against endwall 88 in sealing relation to form the noted axial seal thereat. - An
outer liner 102, Figs. 2 and 4, provided by an expanded wire mesh or screen or perforated metal, circumscribesfilter element 22 alongouter pleat tips 32 and has anaxial end section 104 extending axially beyond the axial ends 68 ofpleats 28. As above described,flow tube 90 communicates withhollow interior 38 of the filter element alongflow passage 56 and extends axially from the axial end of the filter element.End cap 66 at the axial end of the filter element bears radially between and is radially compressed between and againstsection 104 ofouter liner 102 andinner section 96 offlow tube 90.Outer liner 102 extends axially at 104 intoend cap 66 and is potted therein during the molding process, to be described. As noted above,sidewall 92 ofend cap 66 extends axially away from the axial ends 68 ofpleats 28 at the axial end of the filter element.Outer perimeter 94 of the end cap sidewall circumscribesouter liner section 104. -
Pleats 28 have pairs of walls defining axially extendinginterior channels 106, Fig. 7, and axially extendingexterior channels 108. The walls of the pleats defining theexterior channels 108 are sealed to each other nearaxial end 62 of the filter element by heat seal bonding along glue strips such as 110, as known in the art, for example as disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,106,397, incorporated herein by reference. This prevents bypass of dirty air around the axial ends of the pleats at inner exposedportions 74, Figs. 8 and 9. Fluid such as air flowing radially inwardly through the filter media as shown at 112, Fig. 4, must flow through the sidewalls ofpleats 28 before such fluid can flow axially as shown atarrows arrow 59 axially alonginterior channels 106, and the balance of the air continues radially inwardly as shown atarrow 114 and then flows axially as shown atarrow 58. The axial ends ofexterior channels 108 at the axial end of the filter element are blocked by the noted seal bonding along adhesive strips 110. Fluid flowing through the filter element is forced to pass fromexterior channels 108 tointerior channels 106. Figs. 6 and 9 show the seal bonded adhesive 110 extending inexterior channels 108 all the way frominner pleat tips 36 toouter pleat tips 32 as idealized. If the seal bond does extend all the way frominner pleat tip 36 toouter pleat tip 32, then the shape of theinterior channel 106 atouter pleat tip 32 will generally be more rounded and the walls ofpleats 28 formingexterior channels 108 atouter pleat tips 32 will usually be closer together. In an alternative, the adhesive seal bond inexterior channels 108 may extend frominner pleat tips 36 only partially towardsouter pleat tips 32, and the outer portions ofexterior channels 108 are blocked at the axial end of the filter element byend cap 66. During the molding potting process, to be described, the liquid castable material into which the pleated filter media is dipped will foam up a short distance axially into the channels between the pleats, as shown atinner section 116, Figs. 4, 8, 9, of the end cap which has migrated adistance 118, Fig. 4, between the pleats. The spacing of glue strips 110 on the pleats from the axial ends 68 of the pleats may be adjusted as desired in standard glue seal strip applicator machines. Preferably, glue seal strips 110 are spaced fromaxial ends 68 of the pleats by asmall distance 118 to enable a slight deformation of the axial ends 68 of the pleats by a dam in the mold during the molding potting process, to keep the liquid castable material of the end cap from flowing radially inwardly ontoinner portions 74 of the pleat ends which are desired to be exposed, which molding process and dam are to be described. Alternatively, seal glue strips 110 may be applied at axial ends 68 of the pleats, withoutgap 118 therebetween. - Fig. 11 shows a
mold 120 for molding or pottingend cap 66 ontopleated filter media 26 of the filter element. The mold has atrough 122 extending along an annular first perimeter and holding liquid castable material, such as urethane, therein into which axial ends 68 ofpleats 28 are dipped. The mold has aninsert 124 with anupstanding dam 126 extending along a second annular perimeter circumscribed by the noted annular perimeter oftrough 122.Dam 126 engages axial ends 68 of the pleats betweenouter pleat tips 32 andinner pleat tips 36 and impedes flow of liquid castable material laterally radially inwardly towardsinner pleat tips 36.Trough 122 partially spans axial ends 68 of the pleats such that the laterallyoutward portions 72 of the axial ends of the pleats are covered by the liquid castable material but not the laterallyinward portions 74 of the pleats, such that laterallyoutward portions 72 of the axial ends of the pleats are covered byend cap 66, and laterallyinward portions 74 of the axial ends of the pleats are uncovered byend cap 66 and are left exposed. It is preferred that the pleated filter media be dipped into the liquid castable material in the mold by lowering the pleated filter media downwardly until axial ends 68 of the pleats are engaged bydam 126, and then pushing the pleated filter media further slightly downwardly against the dam such that the dam slightly deforms axial ends 68 of the pleats at such engagement point which in turn pushes the pleat sidewalls forming the noted channels slightly laterally to further block the channels and further impede flow of liquid castable material laterally inwardly towardsinner pleat tips 36.Trough 122 is bounded by anouter perimeter 126 and aninner perimeter 128.Outer perimeter 126 oftrough 122 is greater thanouter perimeter 30 of the filter element defined byouter pleat tips 32.Inner perimeter 128 oftrough 122 is less thanouter perimeter 30 of the filter element.Inner perimeter 128 oftrough 122 is greater thaninner perimeter 34 of the filter element defined byinner pleat tips 36. The noted second perimeter of the mold atannular dam 126 is less than or equal toinner perimeter 128 oftrough 122. - As noted, the method for molding
end cap 66 ontopleated filter media 26 involves dipping axial ends 68 of the pleats into liquid castable material intrough 122 ofmold 120, and engaging axial ends 68 of the pleats againstdam 126 at a location betweenouter pleat tips 32 andinner pleat tips 36 such thatdam 126 impedes flow of the liquid castable material laterally inwardly towardsinner pleat tips 36.Trough 122 is provided and aligned such that it partially spans axial ends 68 of the pleats such that the laterallyoutward portions 72 of the axial ends of the pleats are covered by the liquid castable material during dipping, but not the laterallyinward portions 74 of the axial ends of the pleats. Further in accordance with the described method, laterally inward flow of the liquid castable material is impeded along the axial ends of the pleats towardinner pleat tips 36 by providing and aligningdam 126 to engageaxial ends 68 of the pleats betweenouter pleat tips 32 andinner pleat tips 36, such that laterallyoutward portions 72 of the axial ends of the pleats are covered byend cap 66, and laterallyinward portion 74 of the axial ends of the pleats are uncovered byend cap 66 and are left exposed.Trough 122 andfilter element 22 are aligned during the noted dipping such thatouter perimeter 126 oftrough 122 circumscribesouter perimeter 30 of the filter element defined byouter pleat tips 32, andinner perimeter 128 oftrough 122 circumscribesinner perimeter 26 of the filter element defined byinner pleats 36. - Fig. 10 shows an alternate embodiment wherein
outlet flow tube 90a has anouter section 90b of reduced diameter to accommodate engine compartment size and location requirements, yet maintaining an increased diameterinner section 90c maintaining the increased diameter andperimeter flow passage 56 including axial fluid flow at 58 and the extra axial fluid flow at 59, Figs. 4 and 10. The spacing ofaxial endwall 86 ofhousing section 42 from axial ends 86 of the filter media pleats provides aplenum 130 accommodating the extra flow and reducing restriction. - The described filter construction was developed for air filters, though may be used for other fluids such as liquid. In the disclosed embodiment, fluid to be filtered flows laterally inwardly through the filter media from the outer perimeter to the inner perimeter and then flows axially in the hollow interior, such that
flow passage 56 is an outlet flow passage. Alternatively, fluid to be filtered may flow axially inhollow interior 38 and then flow laterally outwardly through the filter media from the inner perimeter to the outer perimeter, in whichcase flow passage 56 is an inlet flow passage.. In other alternatives, metal end caps are used instead of urethane end caps, or various combinations of materials are used for the end caps. In further embodiments, an inner liner may be added alonginner pleat tips 36. In further alternatives,outer section 90b, Fig. 10, of the flow tube has a larger inner diameter thaninner section 90c. - It is recognized that various equivalents, alternatives and modifications are possible within the scope of the appended claims
Claims (37)
- A filter element comprising pleated filter media having a plurality of pleats in a closed loop having an outer perimeter defined by a plurality of outer pleat tips, and an inner perimeter defined by a plurality of inner pleat tips, said loop having a hollow interior extending along a given axis, wherein fluid to be filtered flows laterally through said filter media, and flows axially in said hollow interior, said filter element having an axial flow passage extending along said axis and circumscribing said hollow interior and having a flow perimeter greater than said inner perimeter.
- The invention according to Claim 1 wherein said flow perimeter is less than said outer perimeter.
- The invention according to Claim 1 wherein said inner perimeter defines and bounds a first cross-sectional area, said flow perimeter defines and bounds a second cross-sectional area, and wherein said second cross-sectional area is greater than said first cross-sectional area.
- The invention according to Claim 3 wherein said outer perimeter defines a third cross-sectional area, and wherein said second cross-sectional area is less than said third cross-sectional area.
- The invention according to Claim 1 wherein said filter element has first and second axial ends, said first axial end being open and providing said axial flow passage therethrough, and comprising a first end cap at said first axial end axially abutting the axial ends of said pleats, said first end cap having an inner perimeter greater than said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 5 wherein said first end cap partially covers the axial ends of said pleats such that the laterally outward portions of said axial ends of said pleats are covered by said first end cap but not the laterally inward portions of said axial ends of said pleats, such that such laterally inward portions of said axial ends of said pleats are uncovered and exposed at said first axial end of said filter element.
- The invention according to Claim 6 comprising a second end cap at said second axial end of said filter element completely covering the axial ends of said pleats including said outer pleat tips and said inner pleat tips at said second axial end.
- The invention according to Claim 7 wherein said second end cap also spans and completely covers said hollow interior at said second axial end of said filter element.
- The invention according to Claim 6 wherein said first end cap has a sidewall extending axially away from said axial ends of said pleats at said first axial end of said filter element, said sidewall having an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter, and wherein said inner perimeter of said sidewall of said first end cap is greater than said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 9 wherein said inner perimeter of said sidewall of said first end cap is less than said outer perimeter of said filter element defined by said outer pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 9 wherein said outer perimeter of said sidewall of said first end cap is greater than said outer perimeter of said filter element defined by said outer pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 9 comprising a flow tube having an inner section axially facing said axial ends of said pleats, said inner section of said flow tube having an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter, wherein said outer perimeter of said inner section of said flow tube is greater than said inner perimeter of said sidewall of said first end cap, and wherein said first end cap is composed of resilient compressible material.
- The invention according to Claim 1 wherein said filter element has first and second axial ends, said first axial end being open and providing said axial flow passage therethrough, said second axial end being closed, and comprising a flow tube having an inner section axially facing said pleats, said inner section of said flow tube having an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter, said inner perimeter of said inner end of said flow tube being greater than said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 13 wherein said inner perimeter of said inner section of said flow tube is less than said outer perimeter of said filter element defined by said outer pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 13 wherein said outer perimeter of said inner section of said flow tube is less than said outer perimeter of said filter element defined by said outer pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 6 comprising a flow tube having an inner section axially facing said axial ends of said pleats, and wherein said first end cap circumscribes said flow tube and bears radially thereagainst in sealing relation to form a radial seal thereat.
- The invention according to Claim 6 comprising a housing containing said filter element, said housing having an endwall axially facing said axial ends of said pleats, and wherein said first end cap bears axially against said endwall of said housing in sealing relation to form an axial seal thereat.
- The invention according to Claim 6 comprising a housing containing said filter element, said housing having an endwall axially facing said axial ends of said pleats, said endwall having a flow tube extending therethrough, said flow tube having an inner section axially facing said axial ends of said pleats, wherein said first end cap circumscribes said inner section of said flow tube and bears radially thereagainst in sealing relation to form a radial seal thereat, and wherein said first end cap bears axially against said endwall of said housing in sealing relation to form an axial seal thereat.
- The invention according to Claim 6 wherein said flow tube has an inner section and an outer section, said outer section having a smaller perimeter than said inner section, and wherein said endwall of said housing is axially spaced from said axial ends of said pleats and defines a plenum therebetween.
- The invention according to Claim 19 wherein said inner section of said flow tube has an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter, and said inner perimeter of said inner section of said flow tube is greater than said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 20 wherein said first end cap has a sidewall extending axially away from said axial ends of said pleats at said first axial end of said filter element, said sidewall having an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter, and wherein said inner perimeter of said sidewall of said first end cap is greater than said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips, and said outer perimeter of said inner section of said flow tube is greater than said inner perimeter of said sidewall of said first end cap, and wherein said first end cap is composed of resilient compressible material.
- The invention according to Claim 1 wherein said fluid to be filtered flows laterally inwardly through said filter media from said outer perimeter to said inner perimeter and then flows axially in said hollow interior, wherein said flow passage is an outlet flow passage.
- The invention according to Claim 1 wherein said fluid to be filtered flows axially in said hollow interior and then flows laterally outwardly through said filter media from said inner perimeter to said outer perimeter, wherein said flow passage is an inlet flow passage.
- The invention according to Claim 1 wherein said closed loop is annular.
- A filter element comprising pleated filter media having a plurality of pleats in a closed loop having an outer perimeter defined by a plurality of outer pleat tips, and an inner perimeter defined by a plurality of inner pleat tips, said loop having a hollow interior extending along a given axis, wherein fluid to be filtered flows laterally through said filter media, and flows axially in said hollow interior, said filter element having an axial flow passage extending along said axis, said filter element having first and second axial ends, said first axial end being open and providing said axial flow passage therethrough, an outer liner circumscribing said filter element along said outer pleat tips and extending beyond said pleats, a flow tube communicating with said hollow interior along said flow passage and extending axially from said first axial end of said filter element, a first end cap of resilient compressible material at said first axial end of said filter element and bearing radially between and radially compressed between said outer liner and said flow tube.
- The invention according to Claim 25 wherein said outer liner extends axially into said first end cap.
- The invention according to Claim 26 wherein said first end cap has a sidewall extending axially away from the axial ends of said pleats at said first axial end of said filter element, said sidewall having an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter, said outer perimeter of said sidewall of said first end cap circumscribing said outer liner.
- The invention according to Claim 27 wherein said inner perimeter of said sidewall of said first end cap is greater than said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 25 wherein said first end cap has a sidewall extending axially away from the axial ends of said pleats at said first axial end of said filter element, said sidewall having an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter, wherein said inner perimeter of said sidewall of said first end cap is greater than said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips.
- A mold for molding an end cap onto pleated filter media of a filter element, said pleated filter media having a plurality of pleats in a closed loop having an outer perimeter defined by a plurality of outer pleat tips, and an inner perimeter defined by a plurality of inner pleat tips, said loop having a hollow interior extending along a given axis, wherein fluid to be filtered flows laterally through said filter media, and flows axially in said hollow interior, said filter element having an axial flow passage extending along said axis and circumscribing said hollow interior and having a flow perimeter greater than said inner perimeter, said mold having a trough extending along a first perimeter and holding liquid castable material therein into which axial ends of said pleats are dipped, said mold having an upstanding dam extending along a second perimeter circumscribed by said first perimeter and engaging said axial ends of said pleats between said outer pleat tips and said inner pleat tips and impeding flow of said liquid castable material laterally inwardly towards said inner pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 30 wherein said trough partially spans said axial ends of said pleats such that the laterally outward portions of said axial ends of said pleats are covered by said liquid castable material but not the laterally inward portions of said axial ends of said pleats, such that laterally outward portions of said axial ends of said pleats are covered by said end cap, and laterally inward portions of said axial ends of said pleats are uncovered by said end cap and are left exposed.
- The invention according to Claim 30 wherein said trough is bounded by an outer perimeter and an inner perimeter, said outer perimeter of said trough being greater than said outer perimeter of said filter element defined by said outer pleat tips, said inner perimeter of said trough being less than said outer perimeter of said filter element defined by said outer pleat tips, said inner perimeter of said trough being greater than said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips.
- The invention according to Claim 32 wherein said second perimeter of said mold is less than or equal to said inner perimeter of said trough.
- A method for molding an end cap onto pleated filter media of a filter element, said pleated filter media having a plurality of pleats in a closed loop having an outer perimeter defined by a plurality of outer pleat tips, and an inner perimeter defined by a plurality of inner pleat tips, said loop having a hollow interior extending along a given axis, wherein fluid to be filtered flows laterally through said filter media, and flows axially in said hollow interior, said filter element having an axial flow passage extending along said axis and circumscribing said hollow interior and having a flow perimeter greater than said inner perimeter, said method comprising providing a mold having a trough extending along a first perimeter and holding liquid castable material therein, providing an upstanding dam on said mold extending along a second perimeter circumscribed by said first perimeter, dipping axial ends of said pleats into said liquid castable material and engaging said axial ends of said pleats against said dam at a location between said outer pleat tips and said inner pleat tips such that said dam impedes flow of said liquid castable material laterally inwardly towards said inner pleat tips.
- The method according to Claim 34 comprising providing and aligning said trough such that it partially spans said axial ends of said pleats such that the laterally outward portions of said axial ends of said pleats are covered by said liquid castable material during said dipping, but not the laterally inward portions of said axial ends of said pleats, and comprising impeding laterally inward flow of said liquid castable material along said axial ends of said pleats toward said inner pleat tips by providing and aligning said dam to engage said axial ends of said pleats between said outer pleat tips and said inner pleat tips, such that laterally outward portions of said axial ends of said pleats are covered by said end cap, and laterally inward portions of said axial ends of said pleats are uncovered by said end cap and are left exposed.
- The method according to Claim 34 comprising, after engagement of said axial ends of said pleats against said dam, further pushing said pleated filter media into said mold to push and slightly deform said axial ends of said pleats against said dam to further impede flow of liquid castable material along said pleats toward said inner pleat tips.
- The method according to Claim 34 comprising providing said trough with an outer boundary along an outer perimeter and an inner boundary along an inner perimeter, said outer perimeter of said trough being greater than said outer perimeter of said filter element defined by said outer pleat tips, said inner perimeter of said trough being less than said outer perimeter of said filter element defined by said outer pleat tips, said inner perimeter of said trough being greater than said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips, aligning said trough and said filter element during said dipping such that said outer perimeter of said trough circumscribes said outer perimeter of said filter element defined by said outer pleat tips, and said inner perimeter of said trough circumscribes said inner perimeter of said filter element defined by said inner pleat tips.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/240,714 US6149700A (en) | 1999-01-29 | 1999-01-29 | Increased flow capacity filter |
US240714 | 1999-01-29 |
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EP1023933A2 true EP1023933A2 (en) | 2000-08-02 |
EP1023933A3 EP1023933A3 (en) | 2001-03-21 |
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EP00300295A Expired - Lifetime EP1023933B1 (en) | 1999-01-29 | 2000-01-17 | Increased flow capacity filter |
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US (2) | US6149700A (en) |
EP (1) | EP1023933B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3674673B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU760273B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0000225B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60027063T2 (en) |
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CN106232199B (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2020-04-14 | 康明斯过滤Ip公司 | Filter element with recessed sides |
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US11504664B2 (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2022-11-22 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Adapter and air filter cartridge being adapted for use with such an adapter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1023933B1 (en) | 2006-04-05 |
AU760273B2 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
US6149700A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
DE60027063D1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
BR0000225A (en) | 2000-09-26 |
US6306193B1 (en) | 2001-10-23 |
JP3674673B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 |
BR0000225B1 (en) | 2011-01-25 |
JP2000218119A (en) | 2000-08-08 |
AU1354800A (en) | 2000-08-03 |
EP1023933A3 (en) | 2001-03-21 |
DE60027063T2 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
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