EP1022803B1 - Antennen mit zwei Polarisationen - Google Patents

Antennen mit zwei Polarisationen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1022803B1
EP1022803B1 EP99310446A EP99310446A EP1022803B1 EP 1022803 B1 EP1022803 B1 EP 1022803B1 EP 99310446 A EP99310446 A EP 99310446A EP 99310446 A EP99310446 A EP 99310446A EP 1022803 B1 EP1022803 B1 EP 1022803B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
patches
slots
antenna
coupled
feed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99310446A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1022803A2 (de
EP1022803A3 (de
Inventor
William Keung Piu Tang
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PCTel Inc
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PCTel Inc
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Publication of EP1022803A3 publication Critical patent/EP1022803A3/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line

Definitions

  • This invention relates to dual polarisation antennas.
  • the antenna should be compact and have minimum visual impact on its surroundings.
  • a considerable amount of work has been done in the field of dual polarisation antennas, and in particular the use of an aperture coupling technique to isolate the feed network from the radiating element. This arrangement allows a single radiating patch to be used in a dual polarisation antenna.
  • the aperture coupling technique also has the potential of increasing the bandwidth of an antenna.
  • these known antennas generally exhibit an unsatisfactory level of cross polarisation discrimination and the isolation between the two inputs of the two polarisations is low.
  • An aperture coupled patch antenna in its standard configuration, utilises electromagnetic coupling between the feed network and the radiating patch. This configuration minimises the direct physical connections often required in patch antenna constructions.
  • a coupling slot (sometimes referred to as an aperture) is formed in the ground plane of the feed network and via which signals from the feed network are electromagnetically coupled to the radiating patch located on the other side of the ground plane.
  • a technique of placing an additional patch between the radiating patch and coupling slot is often used to increase the bandwidth of the antenna. The dimensions of the additional patch and its spacing between the radiating patch and the coupling slot have a significant effect on the antenna's characteristics and require careful adjustment in order to provide the optimum coupling and bandwidth.
  • two coupling slots which may be separated from each other or joined together to form a crossed shape, are normally used to provide the two excitations of the two polarisations. Signals from the two feed channels, which correspond to the two polarisations, are coupled to a radiating patch via the coupling slots respectively.
  • the crossed shape coupling slot is commonly used despite its high cost requirement of using two individual dielectric layers for carrying the two feed channels.
  • An alternative arrangement of using four individual coupling slots is sometimes used to minimise the requirement for two dielectric layers. This arrangement allows the two feed channels to be formed on the same side of a dielectric layer, and furthermore it effectively isolates the two feed channels and prevents them from crossing over each other as is often found in the crossed shape configuration. This improved isolation between the two feed channels reduces the overall cross couplings within the antenna structure.
  • an antenna for transmission/reception of dual polarised signals comprising a radiating/receiving member coupled to a feed/reception network by coupling means comprising four slots coupled to the network and four electrically conductive patches which are in respective registration with and coupled to the four slots and which are also coupled to the radiating/receiving member.
  • the four coupling patches are used.
  • the four coupling patches are all formed on the same side of a dielectric layer with a pattern which enhances the degree of isolation of the coupling mechanism.
  • the coupling slots couple to both coupling patches and the member providing the radiating patch.
  • the four coupling patches are also used to provide an additional resonance when they are coupled to the radiating patch.
  • the resulting coupling mechanism is much different from that using a single patch as found in standard configurations.
  • the radiating patch may be formed with a grid pattern which restricts the current flow on the patch along only the two orthogonal directions corresponding to the two polarisations.
  • the antenna shown in the drawing is a wide-band low profile dual polarisation antenna capable of receiving and transmitting (either sequentially or simultaneously), dual polarised signals, ie signals polarised in mutually orthogonal planes.
  • the antenna comprises a stack of three panels 1, 2 and 3 of dielectric material which are copper clad in pre-determined patterns on one or both surfaces, preferably by an etching process.
  • the three panels 1, 2 and 3 are mounted on a supporting base panel 4 of aluminium.
  • the upper panel 1 has, on its lower surface, a copper coating 5 etched to leave a pattern of conducting metal area best illustrated in Figure 3 .
  • the coating 5 has a square shape with a castellated outer edge and is 90° symmetric. At each of its four corners, the coating 5 has a square area covered by a regular array of square holes in the coating. Centrally within these four square areas is a cross-shaped area having a large square aperture 6 and four limbs 7a, 7b, 8a and 8b each occupied by an array of elongated apertures in the copper coating.
  • the areas 7a, 7b are aligned and their elongated apertures extend parallel to one another in a first direction x parallel to one pair of edges of the panel 1.
  • the areas 8a, 8b are aligned and have elongated apertures extending parallel to one another in a second direction y (orthogonal to the direction x) and parallel to the other pair of edges of the panel 1.
  • the panel 1 is held in spaced parallel relationship with respect to the panel 2 next beneath it by means of insulating spacers, in this case four support legs 9.
  • the upper surface of the panel 2 has formed thereon four patches 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b formed by selective deposition or etching of copper in the pattern best illustrated in Figure 4 .
  • Each patch has a main rectangular area formed by a parallel array of nine closely spaced copper strips and a subsidiary rectangular area formed by four copper strips.
  • the four patches are symmetrically arranged on the square surface area of the panel 2, with the two patches 10a, lOb having their copper conductors extending in the direction x and the two patches 12a, 12b having their copper conductors extending in direction y.
  • the four patches 10a, lOb, 12a, 12b underlie and are in vertical registration with the four areas 7a, 7b, 8a and 8b respectively.
  • each slot has a relatively narrow inner part and a relatively wider but shorter outer part.
  • the slots 13a, 13b are aligned along the y axis and the slots 14a, 14b are aligned along the x axis. Further, the slots 13a, 13b lie symmetrically below and in registration with the patches 10a, 10b and the areas 7a and 7b. Similarly, the slots 14a, 14b lie symmetrically below and are in registration with the patches 12a, 12b and the areas 8a, 8b.
  • the lower surface of the panel 3 has a feed/reception network comprising two channels 15 and 16 each terminating adjacent the panel in a respective terminal 17 or 18.
  • the channels 15 and 16 are formed by copper paths on an otherwise uncoated panel surface.
  • the channel 15 divides into two separate feed lines 15a, 15b.
  • the feed line 15a leads towards the slot 13a (but on the opposite surface of the panel 3), crossing beneath the line of the slot 13a at right angles thereto and terminating in an open circuit.
  • the feed line 15b similarly crosses below the line of the slot 13b at right angles thereto and terminates in an open circuit.
  • the channel 16 divides into two feed lines 16a, 16b, respectively crossing beneath the slots 14a, 14b at right angles thereto and terminating in open circuits, in a similar manner to the feed lines 15a and 15b.
  • the assembly of panels 1, 2 and 3 is supported on the support base panel 4 by means of a plurality of supports 19 to provide a compact slab-like construction of antenna typically having a length of 220mm a width of 180mm.
  • input signals are applied to the terminals 17, 18, with signals polarised in one plane being applied to the terminal 17 and signals polarised in the orthogonal plane being applied to the terminal 18.
  • the input signals are conducted along the feed channels 15 and 16 to the conducting feed lines 15a, 15b, 16a, 16b.
  • Each feed line (on the lower surface of the panel 3) extends across a corresponding coupling slot (on the upper surface of the panel 3), the length of feed line extending beyond the corresponding slot forming an open circuit tuning stub which is set to be approximately equal to one quarter of the guided wavelength at the desired frequency.
  • the dimensions of each coupling slot and open circuit tuning stub are selected for best impedance matching and coupling.
  • each coupling slot 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b effectively minimise cross couplings and interactions between the two feed channels 15 and 16.
  • the widened end of each coupling slot provides further broad band tuning for the antenna.
  • signals from the feed channels 15 and 16 are coupled to the radiating coating 5 through the intermediary of the coupling patches 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b.
  • the grid pattern of the patches 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b restricts the flow of surface currents to the directions of polarisation.
  • the separated patches 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b minimise cross coupling between the two polarisations while providing the desired broadboard coupling between the slots 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b and the radiating coating 5.
  • the relative permittivity and thickness of the dielectric layer 2, together with the dimensions of the four patches 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b, are selected for optimal broadband tuning and coupling to the coating 5.
  • the signals are thus coupled to the radiating patch provided by the coating 5.
  • This is shaped and dimensioned such that surface currents resonate at the desired frequency along the two orthogonal directions of polarisation, as a consequence of its being mounted at the necessary spacing above the dielectric layer 2 by means of the supports 9.
  • the pattern of the coatings with its square apertures in the corners and elongated slots over the areas 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, restricts and controls the flow of surface current along the two orthogonal directions and thus suppresses unwanted resonant components.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Antenne zum Senden/Empfangen von zweifach polarisierten Signalen, wobei die Antenne folgendes umfaßt: ein Strahlungs-/Empfangsglied (5), das an ein Zuführungs-/Empfangsnetzwerk (15, 16, 17, 18) durch ein Koppelmittel gekoppelt wird, das vier mit dem Netzwerk (15, 16, 17, 18) gekoppelte Schlitze (13a, 13b, 14a, 14b) umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koppelmittel ferner folgendes umfaßt: vier elektrisch leitfähige Patches (10a, 10b, 12a, 12b), die jeweils mit den vier Schlitzen (13a, 13b, 14a, 14b) registriert und gekoppelt sind und die auch mit dem Strahlungs-/ Empfangsglied (5) gekoppelt sind.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Patches (10a, 10b, 12a, 12b) folgendes umfassen: ein Paar Patches (10a, 10b) mit einer Gruppe von elektrisch leitenden Streifen, die sich in paraller Beziehung in einer ersten Richtung (X) erstrecken, und ein weiteres Paar Patches (12a, 12b) mit einer Gruppe von elektrisch leitenden Streifen, die sich in paraller Beziehung in einer zu der ersten Richtung (X) orthogonalen zweiten Richtung (Y) erstrecken.
  3. Antenne nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Patches (10a, 10b, 12a, 12b) auf der Oberfläche einer dielektrischen Schicht (2) gebildet sind, die sich in dichter oder aneinandergrenzender Beziehung mit einer weiteren die Schlitze (13a, 13b, 14a, 14b) tragenden dielektrischen Schicht (3) befindet.
  4. Antenne nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Zuführungs-/ Empfangsnetzwerk (15, 16, 17, 18) zwei Kanäle (15, 16) umfaßt, nämlich einen ersten Kanal (15), der einem ausgerichteten Paar der Schlitze (13a, 13b) Signale zuführt oder daraus empfängt, und einen zweiten Kanal (16), der dem anderen ausgerichteten Paar Schlitze (14a, 14b) Signale zuführt oder daraus empfängt.
  5. Antenne nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Strahlungs-/Empfangsglied (5) eine elektrisch leitende Schicht mit einer quadratischen oder im wesentlichen quadratischen äußeren Peripherie mit offenen Eckbereichen und vier geschlitzten Bereichen (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) umfaßt.
  6. Antenne nach Anspruch 5, wobei die vier geschlitzten Bereiche (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) in der Schicht jeweils mit den vier Patches (10a, 10b, 12a, 12b) registriert sind.
EP99310446A 1999-01-22 1999-12-22 Antennen mit zwei Polarisationen Expired - Lifetime EP1022803B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9901298 1999-01-22
GB9901298A GB2346012B (en) 1999-01-22 1999-01-22 Dual polarisation antennas

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1022803A2 EP1022803A2 (de) 2000-07-26
EP1022803A3 EP1022803A3 (de) 2001-07-11
EP1022803B1 true EP1022803B1 (de) 2008-05-21

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EP99310446A Expired - Lifetime EP1022803B1 (de) 1999-01-22 1999-12-22 Antennen mit zwei Polarisationen

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1022803B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE396515T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69938772D1 (de)
GB (1) GB2346012B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011011494A1 (de) * 2011-02-17 2012-09-06 Kathrein-Werke Kg Patchantenne sowie Verfahren zur Frequenzabstimmung einer derartigen Patchantenne
CN110534883A (zh) * 2019-07-17 2019-12-03 天津大学 采用双孔径耦合激励的宽带低剖面双极化天线
CN110534890A (zh) * 2019-09-07 2019-12-03 电子科技大学 低剖面双极化超表面天线
CN110832699A (zh) * 2017-09-12 2020-02-21 华为技术有限公司 双极化辐射元件和天线
CN113517559A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-10-19 西安电子科技大学 一种高隔离度双频双极化毫米波阵列天线

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6507320B2 (en) 2000-04-12 2003-01-14 Raytheon Company Cross slot antenna
US6642898B2 (en) * 2001-05-15 2003-11-04 Raytheon Company Fractal cross slot antenna
US6885264B1 (en) 2003-03-06 2005-04-26 Raytheon Company Meandered-line bandpass filter
JPWO2005055366A1 (ja) * 2003-11-14 2007-06-28 株式会社日立製作所 車載用レーダ
EP1914832A1 (de) 2006-10-17 2008-04-23 Laird Technologies AB Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Antennenmusters
SE532035C2 (sv) * 2008-02-25 2009-10-06 Powerwave Technologies Sweden Antennmatningsarrangemang
GB2534689B (en) * 2014-02-18 2018-10-24 Filtronic Wireless Ab Broadband antenna
CN105449356B (zh) * 2016-01-06 2019-06-04 深圳三星通信技术研究有限公司 一种用于lte频段的双极化微带缝隙天线
CN108717997A (zh) * 2018-05-29 2018-10-30 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 一种低频天线振子及基站天线
CN109755738A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2019-05-14 电连技术股份有限公司 一种双极化网格天线
KR20210001607A (ko) * 2019-06-28 2021-01-06 삼성전자주식회사 안테나 구조 및 이를 포함하는 전자 장치
CN112467339B (zh) * 2020-11-23 2023-12-01 维沃移动通信有限公司 天线及电子设备
CN114696099B (zh) * 2022-05-06 2024-03-19 东南大学 适用于微波毫米波频段的双模工作的宽带双极化微带天线

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US4929959A (en) * 1988-03-08 1990-05-29 Communications Satellite Corporation Dual-polarized printed circuit antenna having its elements capacitively coupled to feedlines
US4903033A (en) * 1988-04-01 1990-02-20 Ford Aerospace Corporation Planar dual polarization antenna
US5241321A (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-08-31 Space Systems/Loral, Inc. Dual frequency circularly polarized microwave antenna

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011011494A1 (de) * 2011-02-17 2012-09-06 Kathrein-Werke Kg Patchantenne sowie Verfahren zur Frequenzabstimmung einer derartigen Patchantenne
CN110832699A (zh) * 2017-09-12 2020-02-21 华为技术有限公司 双极化辐射元件和天线
CN110832699B (zh) * 2017-09-12 2021-10-22 华为技术有限公司 双极化辐射元件和天线
US11342688B2 (en) 2017-09-12 2022-05-24 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Dual-polarized radiating element and antenna
CN110534883A (zh) * 2019-07-17 2019-12-03 天津大学 采用双孔径耦合激励的宽带低剖面双极化天线
CN110534890A (zh) * 2019-09-07 2019-12-03 电子科技大学 低剖面双极化超表面天线
CN110534890B (zh) * 2019-09-07 2020-11-27 电子科技大学 低剖面双极化超表面天线
CN113517559A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-10-19 西安电子科技大学 一种高隔离度双频双极化毫米波阵列天线
CN113517559B (zh) * 2021-03-25 2023-03-28 西安电子科技大学 一种高隔离度双频双极化毫米波阵列天线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2346012A (en) 2000-07-26
EP1022803A2 (de) 2000-07-26
ATE396515T1 (de) 2008-06-15
GB2346012B (en) 2003-06-04
DE69938772D1 (de) 2008-07-03
GB9901298D0 (en) 1999-03-10
EP1022803A3 (de) 2001-07-11

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